Concrete extrusion mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a concrete extrusion mechanism which comprises a stock bin, a liquid accelerator adding device and a driving device, the driving device is installed on the stock bin, a concrete feeding assembly is connected to the upper portion of the stock bin and used for injecting concrete into the stock bin, and the liquid accelerator adding device is used for being installed below the stock bin; the driving device is further connected with a shaftless spiral blade, and the shaftless spiral blade is movably connected with the inner wall of the stock bin. Wherein the liquid accelerating agent adding device comprises a liquid accelerating agent adding device and a liquid accelerating agent storage bottle, the liquid accelerating agent adding device is provided with a liquid accelerating agent containing cavity and a liquid accelerating agent nozzle, and the liquid accelerating agent containing cavity is communicated with the liquid accelerating agent nozzle through a liquid accelerating agent flow channel; the liquid accelerator storage bottle is connected with the liquid accelerator accommodating cavity; the 3D printer aims at solving the problems that in a 3D printer in the prior art, coarse aggregate and long fiber concrete are difficult to extrude out, and accelerator adding is unreliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D printers, in particular to a concrete extrusion mechanism. Background Technique

[0002] Concrete 3D printing technology has been experimentally applied in some landscape, sculpture and construction engineering cases at home and abroad. Its advantages lie in high construction efficiency and strong personalization. Compared with the traditional formwork pouring construction technology, it has the advantages of short construction period, high precision, and the ability to build special-shaped structures. However, concrete 3D printing technology is still in the development stage and there are many technical problems. Among them, the printing material is the decisive factor restricting the development of 3D printing concrete. When concrete materials are used for 3D printing, the consistency, slump, setting time during extrusion, and mechanical properties after setting stability must be taken into account, and different requirements for the above parameters exist in different projects; therefore, concrete 3D printing equipment, especially its extrusion mechanism, needs to adapt to various ratios of mixed components to meet the needs of various practical applications. Among them, the concrete setting time and mechanical properties are the most critical technical parameters in concrete 3D printing. Shortening the setting time mainly relies on adding accelerating agents to adjust; improving the mechanical properties mainly relies on increasing or decreasing aggregates such as sand and gravel to adjust the compressive strength of concrete, and increasing or decreasing fiber materials to adjust the flexural strength of concrete.

[0003] The current concrete 3D printing extrusion mechanisms mainly include two types: screw pumps and screw pumps with shaft spiral blades, and generally have the following deficiencies:

[0004] First, the screw pump belongs to a positive displacement pump, which requires a sealed cavity to be formed between the screw rotor and the rubber stator, and can only transport and extrude cement mortar materials with sand as the aggregate. When the aggregate is stones and fiber materials such as mixed steel fibers and glass fibers, printing cannot be achieved.

[0005] Second, the screw pump with shaft spiral blades has a stronger ability to extrude coarse aggregates and fiber concrete than the screw pump, but its central shaft is prone to winding fibers and cannot extrude concrete mixed with longer fibers. The central shaft is prone to sticking and accumulating materials, which may also cause blockage, affecting the stability of printing discharge.

[0006] Third, no matter what kind of extrusion method, there is a problem of adding accelerating agent.

[0007] Currently, there are three ways to add accelerating agent:

[0008] 1. Add the accelerating agent before the inlet of the screw or screw pump. In this way, the accelerating agent and cement can be evenly mixed, but the disadvantage is that the controllability of setting is poor, and it is extremely easy for cement to adhere and solidify inside the extrusion mechanism and adhere to the screw, causing blockage and even permanent damage.

[0009] 2. Adding a quick-setting agent at the outlet of a spiral or screw pump will not cause blockage or damage inside the mechanism. However, the existing method is to add a pipe fitting with a horizontally penetrating nozzle at the outlet, and the liquid quick-setting agent is conveyed to the concrete through the holes on the pipe fitting. In order to achieve a relatively uniform distribution of the quick-setting agent, the horizontal pipe fitting is in a cross shape or has more branches, which easily catches fiber materials and blocks aggregates, causing blockage.

[0010] 3. An externally attached quick-setting agent spraying mechanism. In this way, the quick-setting agent is not mixed with the concrete and can only be applied to the surface of the already placed concrete, resulting in extremely uneven setting, poor effect, and the quick-setting agent spray is not conducive to the health of the operators. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The present utility model provides a concrete extrusion mechanism, aiming to solve the problems of difficult extrusion of coarse aggregate and long fiber concrete in a 3D printer and unreliable addition of quick-setting agent in the prior art.

[0012] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is:

[0013] A concrete extrusion mechanism includes a silo, a liquid quick-setting agent adding device, and a driving device. The driving device is installed on the silo. A concrete feeding assembly is connected above the silo, and the concrete feeding assembly is used to inject concrete into the silo. The liquid quick-setting agent adding device is used to be installed below the silo;

[0014] An axless spiral blade is further connected to the driving device, and the axless spiral blade is movably connected to the inner wall of the silo;

[0015] Among them, the liquid quick-setting agent adding device includes a liquid quick-setting agent adder and a liquid quick-setting agent storage bottle. The liquid quick-setting agent adder has a liquid quick-setting agent cavity and a number of spiral blade-shaped protrusions. A liquid quick-setting agent spray port is provided below each spiral blade-shaped protrusion. The liquid quick-setting agent cavity is communicated with the liquid quick-setting agent spray port through a liquid quick-setting agent flow channel; the liquid quick-setting agent storage bottle is connected to the liquid quick-setting agent cavity; the liquid quick-setting agent adder has openings at both ends, the upper end is connected to the silo, and the lower end is connected to a nozzle.

[0016] Further, the silo includes a hopper and a barrel. The barrel is installed below the hopper. The liquid quick-setting agent adder is installed at the bottom of the barrel, and the axless spiral blade is movably connected to the inner wall of the barrel.

[0017] Further, the driving device includes a motor and a transmission shaft. The fixed end of the motor is installed on the hopper, the output shaft of the motor passes through the hopper and is connected to the transmission shaft, and the axless spiral blade is installed at the end of the transmission shaft.

[0018] Further, the motor is connected to the transmission shaft through a coupling.

[0019] Further, the liquid accelerator storage bottle is connected to the liquid accelerator cavity through a hose.

[0020] Further, a liquid delivery pump and a hose connector are respectively arranged at both ends of the hose. The hose connector is arranged on the liquid accelerator adder and communicated with the liquid accelerator cavity. The input end of the liquid delivery pump is connected to the liquid accelerator storage bottle, and the output end is connected to the hose.

[0021] Further, rotating blades are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the rotating blades are located inside the hopper.

[0022] Further, the ends where the nozzle and the liquid accelerator adder are connected are both of flange structures.

[0023] Further, a distance sensor is arranged on the hopper, and the distance sensor is used to monitor the distance between the upper surface of the concrete and the upper opening of the hopper.

[0024] Further, the concrete feeding assembly includes a concrete source and a feeding pipe. One end of the feeding pipe is connected to the concrete source, and the other end is connected to the hopper.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The utility model mainly includes a silo, a liquid accelerator adding device and a driving device. During actual use, the staff controls the driving device to rotate, then adds various ingredients into the hopper and stirs and mixes them through the driving device. The mixed concrete is fed through a shaftless spiral blade. The purpose of choosing the shaftless spiral blade is to solve the problems that the concrete containing coarse aggregates and long fibers is easy to block and difficult to extrude. At the same time, the liquid accelerator in the liquid accelerator storage bottle is controlled to flow into the liquid accelerator adder. At this time, the liquid accelerator first enters the liquid accelerator cavity, then passes through the liquid accelerator flow channel and finally sprays out from the liquid accelerator nozzle, and is mixed with the mixed concrete, and finally extrudes from the nozzle. The advantage of such a setting is that through the sliding fit of the shaftless spiral blade and the barrel, the concrete containing coarse aggregates and long fibers can be stably and reliably extruded. At the same time, the concrete fluid advances under the push of the shaftless spiral. When passing through the liquid accelerator adder at the end, under the influence of the convex shape of its spiral blade, a vortex can be generated passively, so that the liquid accelerator and the concrete material are evenly mixed, thus solving the problems of the extrusion of the concrete with coarse aggregates and long fibers and the reliable addition of the accelerator, and effectively improving the use reliability and application range of the concrete 3D printer. Description of the Drawings

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present utility model, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid accelerator adding device in the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the liquid accelerator adding device in the present utility model.

[0031] In the figure, 101 - silo, 102 - shaftless spiral blade, 103 - liquid accelerator adding device, 104 - liquid accelerator storage bottle, 105 - liquid accelerator cavity, 106 - liquid accelerator nozzle, 107 - liquid accelerator flow channel, 108 - nozzle, 109 - spiral blade-shaped protrusion, 110 - hopper, 111 - barrel, 112 - motor, 113 - transmission shaft, 114 - coupling, 115 - hose, 116 - liquid delivery pump, 117 - hose joint, 118 - rotating blade, 119 - distance sensor, 120 - feed pipe. Specific embodiments

[0032] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with embodiments. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a concrete extrusion mechanism, including a silo 101, a liquid accelerator adding device, and a driving device. The driving device is installed on the silo 101. A concrete feeding assembly is connected above the silo 101, and the concrete feeding assembly is used to inject concrete into the silo 101. The liquid accelerator adding device is used to be installed below the silo 101;

[0034] A shaftless spiral blade 102 is further connected to the driving device, and the shaftless spiral blade 102 is movably connected to the inner wall of the silo 101;

[0035] Among them, the liquid accelerator adding device includes a liquid accelerator adder 103 and a liquid accelerator storage bottle 104. The liquid accelerator adder 103 has a liquid accelerator cavity 105 and a number of spiral blade-shaped protrusions 109. Below each spiral blade-shaped protrusion 109, there is a liquid accelerator nozzle 106. The liquid accelerator cavity 105 is communicated with the liquid accelerator nozzle 106 through a liquid accelerator flow channel 107. The liquid accelerator storage bottle 104 is connected to the liquid accelerator cavity 105. The two ends of the liquid accelerator adder 103 are open. The upper end is connected to the hopper 101, and the lower end is connected with a nozzle 108.

[0036] The utility model mainly includes a hopper 101, a liquid accelerator adding device and a driving device. During actual use, the staff controls the driving device to rotate, then adds a variety of mixed ingredients into the hopper 110 and mixes and feeds them through the driving device. The mixed concrete is fed through the shaftless spiral blade 102. The purpose of selecting the shaftless spiral blade 102 is to solve the problems that concrete containing coarse aggregates and long fibers is easy to block and difficult to extrude. At the same time, the liquid accelerator in the liquid accelerator storage bottle 104 is controlled to flow into the liquid accelerator adder 103. At this time, the liquid accelerator first enters the liquid accelerator cavity 105, then passes through the liquid accelerator flow channel 107 and finally sprays out from the liquid accelerator nozzle 106, and is mixed with the mixed concrete, and finally extrudes from the nozzle 108. The advantage of this setting is that through the sliding fit of the shaftless spiral blade 102 and the barrel 111, the concrete containing coarse aggregates and long fibers can be extruded stably and reliably. At the same time, the concrete fluid advances under the push of the shaftless spiral. When passing through the end liquid accelerator adder 103, under the influence of its spiral blade-shaped protrusion, a vortex can be generated passively, so that the liquid accelerator and the concrete material are evenly mixed, thus solving the problems of extrusion of concrete with coarse aggregates and long fibers and reliable addition of the accelerator, and effectively improving the use reliability and application range of the concrete 3D printer.

[0037] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the shaftless spiral blade 102 is specifically a blade without a rotating shaft in the spiral feeding blade, and the spiral blade-shaped protrusion 109 is a spiral-shaped protrusion.

[0038] In some embodiments, the hopper 101 includes a hopper 110 and a barrel 111. The barrel 111 is installed below the hopper 110. The liquid accelerator adder 103 is installed at the bottom of the barrel 111. The shaftless spiral blade 102 is movably connected to the inner wall of the barrel 111.

[0039] During actual use, the liquid accelerator dispenser 103 is threadedly connected to the barrel 111 to improve the connection reliability between the liquid accelerator dispenser 103 and the barrel 111. After the hopper 110 is connected to the barrel 111, an integrated structure is formed. After various raw materials are stirred and mixed in the hopper 110 by the driving device, they are slidably engaged with the barrel 111 through the shaftless spiral blade 102, so that the concrete fluid advances under the shaftless spiral propulsion.

[0040] In some embodiments, the driving device includes a motor 112 and a transmission shaft 113. The fixed end of the motor 112 is mounted on the hopper 110. The output shaft of the motor 112 passes through the hopper 110 and is connected to the transmission shaft 113. The shaftless spiral blade 102 is mounted at the end of the transmission shaft 113; a rotating blade 118 is provided on the transmission shaft 113, and the rotating blade 118 is located inside the hopper 110.

[0041] During actual use, when the motor 112 rotates, it drives the transmission shaft 113 to rotate. After the transmission shaft 113 rotates, it drives the rotating blade 118 to mix and stir various raw materials.

[0042] In some embodiments, the motor 112 is connected to the transmission shaft 113 through a coupling 114.

[0043] During actual use, the purpose of using the coupling 114 is to facilitate the installation and disassembly between the motor 112 and the transmission shaft 113.

[0044] In some embodiments, the liquid accelerator storage bottle 104 is connected to the liquid accelerator cavity 105 through a hose 115.

[0045] During actual use, the liquid accelerator in the liquid accelerator storage bottle 104 enters the liquid accelerator cavity 105 through the hose 115.

[0046] In some embodiments, a liquid delivery pump 116 and a hose connector 117 are respectively provided at both ends of the hose 115. The hose connector 117 is provided on the liquid accelerator dispenser 103 and is communicated with the liquid accelerator cavity 105. The input end of the liquid delivery pump 116 is connected to the liquid accelerator storage bottle, and the output end is connected to the hose 115.

[0047] As an alternative implementation, in this embodiment, the hose joint 117 is preferably a self-locking quick connector, and the liquid delivery pump 116 is preferably a peristaltic pump. During use, the peristaltic pump draws the liquid accelerator in the liquid accelerator storage bottle 104 into the hose 115 and finally pumps it into the liquid accelerator cavity 105. It should be noted that the peristaltic pump and the self-locking quick connector are only alternative implementations. This embodiment uses the peristaltic pump and the self-locking quick connector in the prior art. This embodiment does not involve improvements to the structure of the liquid accelerator and the self-locking quick connector, so details will not be elaborated here.

[0048] In some embodiments, the ends where the nozzle 108 and the liquid accelerator applicator 103 are connected are both flange structures.

[0049] During actual use, the purpose of setting the flange structure is to facilitate the installation and disassembly between the nozzle 108 and the liquid accelerator applicator 103 and ensure the stability of the connection between the liquid accelerator applicator 103 and the nozzle 108.

[0050] In some embodiments, a distance sensor 119 is provided on the hopper 110. The distance sensor 119 is used to monitor the distance between the upper surface of the concrete and the upper opening of the hopper 110; the concrete feeding assembly includes a concrete source and a feeding pipe 120. One end of the feeding pipe 120 is connected to the concrete source, and the other end is connected to the hopper 110. The feeding pipe 120 can be one or multiple. Multiple feeding pipes are used in the case of separately transporting multiple concrete raw materials.

[0051] As an alternative implementation, in this embodiment, the distance sensor 119 is preferably a capacitive proximity switch or a diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor. The concrete source is a concrete storage tank or a concrete transport vehicle. The concrete storage tank is connected to a delivery pump, and the output end of the delivery pump is connected to the feeding pipe 120. The diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor is connected to the delivery pump through a controller. During use, the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor is used to detect the amount of concrete in the hopper 110. When the height of the concrete surface exceeds a preset amount, the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor gives a signal to stop the delivery pump, thereby stopping the delivery pump from feeding the hopper 110.

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the delivery pump and the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor are prior art. This embodiment does not involve improvements to the structures of the delivery pump and the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor, and both use the prior art. Moreover, this embodiment does not involve improvements to the connection relationship between the delivery pump and the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor, and also uses the prior art. The connection between the delivery pump and the diffuse reflection infrared distance sensor refers to the prior art with the application number: CN202020176386.2, and details will not be elaborated here.

[0053] In some embodiments, in the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0054] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0055] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installed", "set up", "connected", "fixed", "swiveling connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly limited, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A concrete extrusion mechanism, comprising a silo (101) and a driving device, the driving device being installed on the silo (101), a concrete feeding assembly being connected above the silo (101), the concrete feeding assembly being used for injecting concrete into the interior of the silo (101), characterized in that: It also includes a liquid accelerator adding device, which is used to be installed below the silo (101); The driving device is also connected with a shaftless spiral blade (102), and the shaftless spiral blade (102) is movably connected with the inner wall of the silo (101); Among them, the liquid accelerator adding device includes a liquid accelerator adder (103) and a liquid accelerator storage bottle (104). The liquid accelerator adder (103) has a liquid accelerator cavity (105) and several spiral blade-shaped protrusions (109). A liquid accelerator nozzle (106) is arranged below each spiral blade-shaped protrusion (109). The liquid accelerator cavity (105) is communicated with the liquid accelerator nozzle (106) through a liquid accelerator flow channel (107); the liquid accelerator storage bottle (104) is connected with the liquid accelerator cavity (105); both ends of the liquid accelerator adder (103) are open, the upper end is connected with the silo (101), and the lower end is connected with a nozzle (108).

2. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silo (101) includes a hopper (110) and a barrel (111). The barrel (111) is installed below the hopper (110). The liquid accelerator adder (103) is installed at the bottom of the barrel (111), and the shaftless spiral blade (102) is movably connected with the inner wall of the barrel (111).

3. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The driving device includes a motor (112) and a transmission shaft (113). The fixed end of the motor (112) is installed on the hopper (110). The output shaft of the motor (112) passes through the hopper (110) and is connected with the transmission shaft (113). The shaftless spiral blade (102) is installed at the end of the transmission shaft (113).

4. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The motor (112) is connected with the transmission shaft (113) through a coupling (114).

5. A concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid accelerator storage bottle (104) is connected with the liquid accelerator cavity (105) through a hose (115).

6. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the hose (115) are respectively provided with a liquid delivery pump (116) and a hose joint (117). The hose joint (117) is arranged on the liquid accelerator adder (103) and is communicated with the liquid accelerator cavity (105). The input end of the liquid delivery pump (116) is connected with the liquid accelerator storage bottle, and the output end is connected with the hose (115).

7. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating blade (118) is arranged on the transmission shaft (113), and the rotating blade (118) is located inside the hopper (110).

8. A concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the end of the nozzle (108) and the end connected with the liquid accelerator adder (103) are of flange structures.

9. The concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A distance sensor (119) is arranged on the hopper (110), and the distance sensor (119) is used to monitor the distance between the upper surface of the concrete and the upper opening of the hopper.

10. A concrete extrusion mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concrete feeding assembly includes a concrete source and a feeding pipe (120). One end of the feeding pipe (120) is connected with the concrete source, and the other end is connected with the hopper (110).

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