Oil pumping unit ascending and descending different-speed control system and oil pumping unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ascending and descending different-speed control system of an oil pumping unit, which relates to the technical field of industrial control automation and comprises a stroke state detection device, a frequency converter and a driving device, the stroke state detection device can be in signal connection with the frequency converter, and the frequency converter can be in signal connection with the driving device. The stroke state detection device can obtain the operation state of a horse head of the oil pumping unit, and the operation state comprises an ascending state and a descending state. The utility model further provides a corresponding oil pumping unit. The device can ensure safe production and improve the crude oil yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of industrial control automation, in particular to a control system for different speeds of the up and down strokes of a pumping unit and a pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] A pumping unit is a conventional equipment for mechanical oil production in onshore oil fields. At present, there are two control methods for the variable frequency and variable speed regulation technology of pumping units in industrial automation control systems:

[0003] The first industrial automation control method is: setting a fixed number of strokes per minute for the pumping unit in the control system. The control system calculates and adjusts the frequency of the frequency converter according to the set fixed number of strokes, drives the motor to run at a specific constant speed, and makes the motor drive the walking beam to run a fixed number of strokes per minute. For example, setting the walking beam to run 3 strokes per minute, the frequency of the frequency converter is adjusted to about 30HZ, and the motor is driven to run at a low speed;

[0004] The second industrial automation control method is: manually setting the frequency of the frequency converter through a human-machine interface or a host computer in the control system. After the control system receives the set signal, the frequency converter is made to run according to the set frequency, and the motor is driven to run at a specified speed.

[0005] In the above two industrial automation control methods, the motor speed is constant during the up and down strokes of the pumping unit. The following situations will occur during the operation of the beam pumping unit: when the pumping unit runs downward, if the crude oil is viscous and the resistance increases, the too fast downward speed of the walking beam will cause the walking beam to collide with the polished rod, and the polished rod will be deformed. Therefore, in the case of viscous crude oil, the pumping unit usually runs at a lower number of strokes to ensure safe production, but the walking beam can run at a higher speed during the upward stroke. Since the motor speed is constant during the up and down strokes of the pumping unit, the efficiency of the pumping unit is low and the oil production is small. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a control system for different speeds of the up and down strokes of a pumping unit and a pumping unit, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and improve the number of strokes of the pumping unit operation and the crude oil output per unit time on the premise of ensuring safe production.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following scheme:

[0008] The utility model provides a control system for different speeds of the up and down strokes of a pumping unit, including a stroke state detection device, a frequency converter and a driving device. The stroke state detection device can be signal-connected to the frequency converter, the frequency converter can be signal-connected to the driving device, the stroke state detection device can obtain the running state of the walking beam of the pumping unit, and the running state includes an upward state and a downward state.

[0009] Preferably, the stroke state detection device includes a three-phase electrical parameter detection device and a first controller. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device is signal-connected to the first controller. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device is connected to the driving device. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the first controller. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device can detect the three-phase electrical parameters of the driving device. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device can send the detected three-phase electrical parameter signals to the first controller. The first controller can obtain the operating state of the walking beam according to the three-phase electrical parameter signals. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state. The first controller can send a first frequency signal to the frequency converter.

[0010] Preferably, the stroke state detection device includes an inclination angle detection device and a second controller. The inclination angle detection device is signal-connected to the second controller. The inclination angle detection device is used to be fixedly connected to the walking beam of the pumping unit. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the second controller. The inclination angle detection device can detect the angle between the walking beam and the first reference plane. The inclination angle detection device can send the detected angle signal to the second controller. The second controller can obtain the operating state of the walking beam according to the angle signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state.

[0011] Preferably, the stroke state detection device includes a displacement detection device and a third controller. The displacement detection device is signal-connected to the third controller. The displacement detection device is used to be fixedly connected to the walking beam or the polished rod of the pumping unit. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the third controller. The displacement detection device can detect the displacement of the displacement detection device relative to the second reference plane. The displacement detection device can send the detected displacement signal to the third controller. The third controller can obtain the operating state of the walking beam according to the displacement signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state.

[0012] Preferably, the stroke state detection device can send a frequency signal to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter can adjust the output speed of the motor.

[0013] Preferably, the driving device is a motor.

[0014] The utility model provides a pumping unit, which comprises a base, a walking beam, a pony head, a counterweight device, a transmission device and the up-and-down speed difference control system of the pumping unit. The walking beam is rotatably connected with the base around a rotation axis. Two ends of the walking beam are respectively connected with the counterweight device and the pony head. The transmission device is connected with one end of the walking beam far away from the pony head and the driving device. The driving device can drive the walking beam to rotate around the rotation axis through the transmission device.

[0015] The utility model has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0016] The utility model provides an up-and-down speed difference control system and a pumping unit for a pumping unit, which comprises a stroke state detection device, a frequency converter and a driving device. The stroke state detection device can be signal-connected with the frequency converter, and the frequency converter can be signal-connected with the driving device. The stroke state detection device can obtain the running state of the pony head of the pumping unit, and the running state includes an up-running state and a down-running state. The stroke state detection device can adjust the frequency of the frequency converter according to the running state of the pony head. Specifically, when the pony head switches from the up-running state to the down-running state, the stroke state detection device reduces the frequency of the frequency converter to reduce the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device, so that the down-running speed of the pony head of the pumping unit can be better matched with the down-running speed of the polished rod, reducing or avoiding the collision between the pony head and the polished rod, ensuring safe production, increasing the service life of the polished rod and ensuring safe production; when the pony head switches from the down-running state to the up-running state, the stroke state detection device increases the frequency of the frequency converter to increase the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device, increasing the up-running speed of the pony head, thereby increasing the running strokes per minute of the pumping unit and increasing the crude oil output per unit time. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the up-and-down speed difference control system of the pumping unit provided for Embodiment 1;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the pumping unit provided for Embodiment 2;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic circuit diagram of the up-and-down speed difference control system of the pumping unit provided for Embodiment 1;

[0021] In the figure: 100, the up-and-down speed-varying control system of the pumping unit; 1, the stroke state detection device; 101, the three-phase electrical parameter detection device; 102, the first controller; 103, the inclination detection device; 104, the second controller; 105, the displacement detection device; 106, the third controller; 107, the circuit breaker; 108, the PLC; 109, the current transformer; 110, the AC contactor; 111, the power supply module; 112, the air switch; 113, the intermediate relay; 114, the incoming line terminal; 115, the outgoing line terminal; 116, the neutral line terminal block; 117, the grounding terminal block; 2, the frequency converter; 3, the driving device; 4, the horsehead; 5, the walking beam; 6, the base; 7, the counterweight device; 8, the transmission device. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an up-and-down speed-varying control system for a pumping unit and a pumping unit, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and improve the running stroke frequency of the pumping unit and the crude oil output per unit time on the premise of ensuring safe production.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0025] Embodiment 1

[0026] As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a control system 100 for different speeds of the pumping unit during the upstroke and downstroke, which includes a stroke state detection device 1, a frequency converter 2, and a driving device 3. The stroke state detection device 1 can be signal-connected to the frequency converter 2, and the frequency converter 2 can be signal-connected to the driving device 3. The stroke state detection device 1 can obtain the operating state of the walking beam 4 of the pumping unit, and the operating state includes the upstroke state and the downstroke state. The stroke state detection device 1 can adjust the frequency of the frequency converter 2 according to the operating state of the walking beam 4. Specifically, when the walking beam 4 switches from the upstroke state to the downstroke state, the stroke state detection device 1 reduces the frequency of the frequency converter 2 to reduce the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device 3, so that the downstroke speed of the walking beam 4 of the pumping unit is better matched with the downstroke speed of the polished rod, reducing or avoiding the collision between the walking beam 4 and the polished rod, ensuring safe production, increasing the service life of the polished rod, and ensuring safe production; when the walking beam 4 switches from the downstroke state to the upstroke state, the stroke state detection device 1 increases the frequency of the frequency converter 2 to increase the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device 3, increasing the upstroke speed of the walking beam 4, thereby increasing the operating strokes per minute of the pumping unit and increasing the crude oil production per unit time.

[0027] As a first preferred embodiment, the stroke state detection device 1 includes a three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 and a first controller 102. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 is signal-connected to the first controller 102, and the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 is connected to the driving device 3. Specifically, the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 is connected to a current transformer 109, and the current transformer 109 is connected to the power supply cable of the driving device 3. The frequency converter 2 can be signal-connected to the first controller 102. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 can detect the three-phase electrical parameters of the driving device 3, and the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 can send the detected three-phase electrical parameter signals to the first controller 102. The first controller 102 can obtain the operating state of the pony head 4 according to the three-phase electrical parameter signals. The operating state includes the upward state and the downward state. The first controller 102 can send a first frequency signal to the frequency converter 2. When the pumping unit is in the upward state, the pony head 4, the polished rod, etc. move upward under the combined action of the driving force of the driving device 3 and the gravity of the counterweight device 7, and the counterweight device 7 provides a relatively large acting force. At this time, the driving force provided by the driving device 3 is relatively small, and the three-phase electrical parameter value is relatively small. When the pumping unit is in the downward state, the pony head 4, the polished rod, etc. only move downward under the action of the driving device 3. At this time, the driving force provided by the driving device 3 is relatively large, and the three-phase electrical parameter value is relatively large. The first controller 102 receives the measured values of the three-phase electrical parameters in real time and obtains the change trend of the three-phase electrical parameters. When the three-phase electrical parameter value suddenly increases from a relatively small value, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the upward state to the downward state; when the three-phase electrical parameter value suddenly decreases from a relatively large value, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the downward state to the upward state. It should be noted that the three-phase electrical parameters include parameters such as phase voltage, line voltage, and the line currents of the three phases A, B, and C. The first controller 102 can compare the measured value of any one group of the phase voltage, line voltage, and the line currents of the three phases A, B, and C with the corresponding preset value to determine the upward or downward state of the pony head 4.

[0028] As a second preferred embodiment, the stroke state detection device 1 includes an inclination detection device 103 and a second controller 104. The inclination detection device 103 is signal-connected to the second controller 104. The inclination detection device 103 is fixedly connected to the walking beam 5 of the pumping unit. The frequency converter 2 can be signal-connected to the second controller 104. The inclination detection device 103 can detect the angle between the walking beam 5 and the first reference plane. The inclination detection device 103 can send the detected angle signal to the second controller 104. The second controller 104 can obtain the operating state of the pony head 4 according to the angle signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state. The first reference plane is preferably a horizontal plane or a vertical plane. The inclination detection device 103 is preferably an inclination sensor. For example, an inclination sensor with the model number CQ-200K can be used. The measurement range of the inclination sensor is 0-360°. As a feasible implementation, when the pony head 4 moves upward, the angle value detected by the inclination sensor gradually decreases. When the pony head 4 moves downward, the angle value detected by the inclination sensor gradually increases. The second controller 104 receives the angle data of the inclination detection device 103 in real time and obtains the change trend of the angle. When the angle value continuously decreases, it is determined that the pony head 4 is in the upward state. When the angle value continuously increases, it is determined that the pony head 4 is in the downward state. When the angle value changes from gradually decreasing to gradually increasing, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the upward state to the downward state. When the angle value changes from gradually increasing to gradually decreasing, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the downward state to the upward state.

[0029] As a third preferred embodiment, the stroke state detection device 1 includes a displacement detection device 105 and a third controller 106. The displacement detection device 105 is signal-connected to the third controller 106. The displacement detection device 105 is fixedly connected to the walking beam 5 or the polished rod of the pumping unit. The frequency converter 2 can be signal-connected to the third controller 106. The displacement detection device 105 can detect the displacement between the displacement detection device 105 and the second reference plane. The displacement detection device 105 can send the detected displacement signal to the third controller 106. The third controller 106 can obtain the operating state of the pony head 4 according to the displacement signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state. The second reference plane is preferably the horizontal plane where the lowest point of the pony head 4 is located when the pony head 4 is in the lowest position. The displacement detection device 105 is preferably a laser displacement sensor. When the pony head 4 moves upward, the displacement value of the displacement detection device 105 gradually decreases. When the pony head 4 moves downward, the displacement value detected by the displacement detection device 105 gradually increases. The third controller 106 receives the displacement data of the displacement detection device 105 in real time and obtains the change trend of the displacement. When the displacement value continuously decreases, it is determined that the pony head 4 is in the upward state. When the displacement value continuously increases, it is determined that the pony head 4 is in the downward state. When the displacement value changes from gradually decreasing to gradually increasing, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the upward state to the downward state. When the displacement value changes from gradually increasing to gradually decreasing, it is determined that the pony head 4 switches from the downward state to the upward state. This embodiment is particularly applicable to the case where the downward and upward distances of the pumping unit are relatively long.

[0030] As a more preferred embodiment, the stroke state detection device 1 is an integration of the above three preferred embodiments, including a circuit breaker 107, a PLC 108, a three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101, a current transformer 109, a contactor 110, a power supply module 111, a frequency converter 2, an air switch 112, an intermediate relay 113, an incoming line terminal 114, an outgoing line terminal 115, a neutral terminal block 116, a grounding terminal block 117, an inclination detection device 103 and a displacement detection device 105. The two ends of the incoming line terminal 114 are respectively connected to the control cabinet power supply cable and the circuit breaker 107 through cables. A cable is used to connect the circuit breaker 107 and the frequency converter 2. The circuit breaker 107 is used for power supply and power-off of the system. The intermediate relay 113 is connected to both the frequency converter 2 and the PLC 108 through cables. The intermediate relay 113 is used to control the start and stop of the frequency converter 2 and can implement a fault reset function. A cable is used to connect the frequency converter 2 and the outgoing line terminal 115. A cable is used to connect the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 and the current transformer 109. A cable is used to connect the power supply module 111 and the PLC 108. A signal cable is used to connect the PLC 108 and the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101. A signal cable is used to connect the PLC 108 and the frequency converter 2. A signal cable is used to connect the PLC 108 and the inclination detection device 103. A signal cable is used to connect the PLC 108 and the displacement detection device 105. The contactor 110 is connected in parallel with the frequency converter 2. The neutral terminal block 116 and the grounding terminal block 117 are respectively used to connect to the on-site grounding device and the zero connection device through cables. When in use, according to the actual installation situation of on-site instruments, the stroke state detection device uses one of the three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101, the inclination detection device 103 and the displacement detection device 105 as the basis for judging the up and down states.

[0031] In this embodiment, the stroke state detection device 1 can send a frequency signal to the frequency converter 2, and the frequency converter 2 can adjust the output speed of the motor.

[0032] In this embodiment, the driving device 3 is a motor. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device 101 can select any three-phase electrical parameter module with 485 communication function, such as: AnyWay DTSD1352, DJSF1352-RN.

[0033] The up and down speed difference control system 100 for the pumping unit provided in this embodiment is applicable to beam pumping units, vertical pumping units, etc., and the working principle of the up and down speed difference control system provided in this embodiment is applicable to all industrial equipment with reciprocating motion driven by a motor driven by a frequency converter 2.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] This embodiment provides a control method for the different speeds of the pumping unit during its up and down strokes based on the pumping unit different-speed control system 100 in claim embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0036] The operating state of the pony head 4 of the pumping unit is obtained through the stroke state detection device 1. If the pony head 4 switches from the downstroke state to the upstroke state, the stroke state detection device 1 increases the frequency of the frequency converter 2 to increase the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device 3; if the pony head 4 switches from the upstroke state to the downstroke state, the stroke state detection device 1 decreases the frequency of the frequency converter 2 to decrease the rotational speed of the output end of the driving device 3. The stroke state detection device 1 can automatically diagnose the operating state of the pony head 4, and can automatically increase the speed during the upstroke and automatically decrease the speed during the downstroke. On the premise of ensuring safe production, it improves the running strokes per minute of the pumping unit and the crude oil output per unit time.

[0037] Embodiment 3

[0038] This embodiment provides a pumping unit, including a base 6, a walking beam 5, a pony head 4, a counterweight device 7, a transmission device 8, and the pumping unit different-speed control system 100 in embodiment 1. The walking beam 5 is rotatably connected to the base 6 around a rotation axis. The two ends of the walking beam 5 are respectively connected to the counterweight device 7 and the pony head 4. The transmission device 8 is connected to both the end of the walking beam 5 away from the pony head 4 and the driving device 3. The driving device 3 can drive the walking beam 5 to rotate around the rotation axis through the transmission device 8.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the transmission device 8 includes mechanisms such as a crank. The crank is driven to rotate by a motor pulley, and the crank is driven to rotate by a crank motor pulley. The crank is movably connected to the walking beam 5, causing the walking beam 5 to move up and down around the rotation axis. The up and down reciprocating movement of the walking beam 5 drives the up and down reciprocating operation of the pumping unit. It should be noted that the structure of the pumping unit and its connection relationship are prior art. For example, Chinese Patent CN201720460422.6 discloses a small pumping unit, which will not be elaborated here.

[0040] In the present utility model, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present utility model; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

Claims

1. An up-and-down speed-different control system for a pumping unit, characterized in that: It includes a stroke state detection device, a frequency converter, and a driving device. The stroke state detection device can be signal-connected to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter can be signal-connected to the driving device. The stroke state detection device can obtain the operating state of the pony head of the pumping unit, and the operating state includes an upward state and a downward state.

2. The up and down speed different control system of the pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stroke state detection device includes a three-phase electrical parameter detection device and a first controller. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device is signal-connected to the first controller, and the three-phase electrical parameter detection device is connected to the driving device. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the first controller. The three-phase electrical parameter detection device can detect the three-phase electrical parameters of the driving device, and the three-phase electrical parameter detection device can send the detected three-phase electrical parameter signals to the first controller. The first controller can obtain the operating state of the pony head according to the three-phase electrical parameter signals. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state, and the first controller can send a first frequency signal to the frequency converter.

3. The up-and-down speed difference control system for pumping units according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stroke state detection device includes an inclination detection device and a second controller. The inclination detection device is signal-connected to the second controller, and the inclination detection device is used for fixedly connecting to the walking beam of the pumping unit. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the second controller. The inclination detection device can detect the angle between the walking beam and the first reference plane, and the inclination detection device can send the detected angle signal to the second controller. The second controller can obtain the operating state of the pony head according to the angle signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state.

4. The up-and-down speed difference control system for pumping units according to claim 1, wherein: The stroke state detection device includes a displacement detection device and a third controller. The displacement detection device is signal-connected to the third controller, and the displacement detection device is used for fixedly connecting to the walking beam or the polished rod of the pumping unit. The frequency converter can be signal-connected to the third controller. The displacement detection device can detect the displacement of the displacement detection device relative to the second reference plane, and the displacement detection device can send the detected displacement signal to the third controller. The third controller can obtain the operating state of the pony head according to the displacement signal. The operating state includes an upward state and a downward state.

5. The up-and-down speed difference control system for pumping units according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stroke state detection device can send a frequency signal to the frequency converter, and the frequency converter can adjust the output speed of the driving device.

6. The pumping unit up and down speed difference control system according to claim 1, wherein: The driving device is a motor.

7. A pumping unit, characterized in that: It includes a base, a walking beam, a pony head, a counterweight device, a transmission device, and the up-and-down different-speed control system of the pumping unit according to any one of claims 1-6. The walking beam and the base are rotatably connected around a rotation axis. The two ends of the walking beam are respectively connected to the counterweight device and the pony head. The transmission device is connected to both the end of the walking beam away from the pony head and the driving device. The driving device can drive the walking beam to rotate around the rotation axis through the transmission device.

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