Photovoltaic module steady state power test system and tester
Through the steady-state power testing system of photovoltaic modules, the measurement module, sensor module and data processing module, combined with the load module and the inverter module, the problem of large power testing errors in the photovoltaic module is solved, and accurate power output evaluation is achieved in the actual environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422319346.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-23
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the power testing error of photovoltaic modules is large, which cannot accurately reflect the real power generation state of the module during actual use. In particular, the high capacitance characteristics of the N-type modules lead to too large errors in the portable testing method and cannot meet the needs of on-site testing.
It provides a steady-state power testing system for photovoltaic modules, including measurement modules, sensor modules and data processing modules. By detecting electrical parameters and environmental parameters, the power temperature coefficient of photovoltaic modules is used to calculate steady-state power, ensuring that the test conditions are in line with the actual power generation environment, the load module is used to simulate the actual working conditions, and the inverter module is used to convert the power supply type.
It realizes the accurate reflection of the power output data of the photovoltaic module in actual working conditions, reduces test errors, and can more accurately evaluate the performance of the module under different conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223124855U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic measurement, in particular to a steady-state power test system and tester for photovoltaic modules. Background Art
[0002] At present, the on-site test schemes for the power of photovoltaic modules on the market are all transient tests, using resistors or capacitors to scan the IV (current-voltage) curve of the module in a very short time. However, the test error is relatively large, and there is no way to feedback the true power generation state parameters of the module during actual use. Moreover, for the high-capacitance characteristics of current N-type modules, laboratory tests are to increase the test time to eliminate the capacitive characteristics. The portable test methods with short test time and small capacity have too large errors and cannot meet the on-site test requirements.
[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the utility model and does not constitute any limitation to the utility model. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the utility model provides a steady-state power test system and tester for photovoltaic modules, which test the power generation power of the module through the test conditions that fit the actual power generation environment, and directly reflect the power output data of the module power under the actual working state, so as to solve the problem that the portable test methods with short test time and small capacity have too large errors and cannot meet the on-site test requirements.
[0005] The utility model provides a steady-state power test system for photovoltaic modules, including a measurement module, a sensor module and a data processing module; the measurement module is used to detect the electrical parameters of the photovoltaic module and connect to the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic module; the sensor module is used to detect the environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module and is installed on the photovoltaic module; the data processing module is used to obtain the electrical parameters and environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module and calculate the steady-state power of the photovoltaic module according to the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module.
[0006] In an embodiment of the utility model, the electrical parameters detected by the measurement module include current parameters and voltage parameters.
[0007] In an embodiment of the utility model, the sensor module includes an irradiance sensor for detecting the irradiance intensity parameter of the photovoltaic module and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature parameter.
[0008] In an embodiment of the utility model, the calculation formula for the steady-state power of the photovoltaic module is: Wherein, P STC$P$ is the power of the photovoltaic module converted to the STC condition from the actually measured power, $G$ is the irradiance intensity parameter detected by the irradiance sensor, $U$ is the voltage parameter detected by the measurement module, $I$ is the current parameter detected by the measurement module, $T$ is the temperature parameter detected by the temperature sensor, and $\delta$ is the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module.
[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the irradiance sensor is disposed on the same light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module, and the temperature sensor is disposed on the back surface of the photovoltaic module.
[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, a power module is further included. The power module maintains the power output of the photovoltaic module at the maximum power point and is connected in parallel with the measurement module.
[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the data processing module further includes an input unit, and the input unit inputs the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module into the data processing module.
[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a load module is further included. The load module consumes the output power of the photovoltaic module and is connected in parallel with the power module.
[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, an inverter module is further included. The inverter module converts the DC output of the photovoltaic module into an AC output and is connected between the power module and the load module.
[0014] The present invention further provides a steady-state power tester for a photovoltaic module, including the above-mentioned steady-state power test system for a photovoltaic module.
[0015] Advantages of the present invention: The steady-state power test system and tester for a photovoltaic module provided by the present invention directly reflect the power output data of the photovoltaic module under the actual working state through the test conditions that conform to the actual power generation environment, can directly reflect the true power data of the module under the stable working conditions on site, and have small data errors.
[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification, showing embodiments that conform to the present invention, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
[0018] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the steady-state power test system for the photovoltaic module of the present utility model.
[0019] In the figure: 100, photovoltaic module; 10, measurement module; 20, sensor module; 21, irradiance sensor; 22, temperature sensor; 30, data processing module; 31, input unit; 40, power module; 50, load module; 60, inverter module. Specific embodiments
[0020] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation manners of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. The present utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present utility model. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. It should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present utility model are for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 . It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in this technology to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the limiting conditions under which the present utility model can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have technical essential meanings. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present utility model can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed by the present utility model. At the same time, the terms used in this specification to refer to positions, quantity relationships, etc. are only for the convenience of clear description and are not intended to limit the scope under which the present utility model can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present utility model can be implemented.
[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present utility model provides a steady-state power test system for a photovoltaic module, including a measurement module 10, a sensor module 20, and a data processing module 30; the measurement module 10 is used to detect the electrical parameters of the photovoltaic module 100 and is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic module 100; the sensor module 20 is used to detect the environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module 100 and is installed on the photovoltaic module 100; the data processing module 30 is used to obtain the electrical parameters and environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module 100 and calculate the steady-state power of the photovoltaic module 100 according to the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module 100.
[0023] Among them, the electrical parameters detected by the measurement module 10 include current parameters and voltage parameters. The sensor module 20 includes an irradiance sensor 21 for detecting the irradiance intensity parameter of the photovoltaic module 100 and a temperature sensor 22 for detecting the temperature parameter.
[0024] Furthermore, the steady-state power calculation formula of the photovoltaic module 100 is: where P STC is the power of the photovoltaic module 100 after the actual measured power is converted to the STC condition, G is the irradiance intensity parameter detected by the irradiance sensor 21, U is the voltage parameter detected by the measurement module 10, I is the current parameter detected by the measurement module 10, T is the temperature parameter detected by the temperature sensor 22, and is the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module 100.
[0025] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the measurement module 10 measures the voltage and current parameters at the outlet of the photovoltaic module 100 in real time. The outlet voltage parameter of the module is the open-circuit voltage, which represents the maximum voltage of the photovoltaic module 100 when no load is connected. It is the voltage value that the photovoltaic module 100 can reach when the circuit is disconnected under sunlight irradiation. The outlet current parameter of the module is the short-circuit current, which represents the maximum current that can be generated when the output end of the photovoltaic module 100 is short-circuited. The measurement module 10 can adopt a digital display multi-functional meter and transmit the detected voltage parameter and current parameter to the data processing module 30 through the RS485 serial port. The irradiance sensor 21 detects the sunlight irradiance intensity parameter on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 100 and uses a standard cell (which provides stable voltage and current to ensure that the irradiance sensor 21 can work stably and provide accurate measurement data, reducing the influence of power supply fluctuations on the sensor performance) to convert the detected signal into an mV voltage quantity parameter, which is also directly read by the data processing module 30, or the detected analog signal is converted into a data signal through the AD conversion module and then transmitted to the data processing module 30. The temperature sensor 22 calculates its power parameter by detecting the temperature parameter of the photovoltaic module 100 itself. For example, a digital temperature sampling chip can be used for fitting sampling, or a non-contact infrared temperature measurement sensor can be used for sampling. The power temperature coefficient represents the change rate of the output power relative to the standard state (usually 25°C) under specific temperature changes. For example, the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module 100 is -0.4% / °C, which means that when the temperature rises by 1°C, the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 will decrease by 0.4%. The data processing module 30 can use data communication methods such as I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), and RS485 (differential serial communication standard) to obtain the detection data collected and transmitted in the measurement module 10 and the sensor module 20, as well as the power temperature coefficient parameter of the photovoltaic module 100, and calculate the actual output power of the photovoltaic module 100 based on this. Then, it is converted into the steady-state power of the photovoltaic module 100 through a calculation formula.
[0026] More specifically, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the calculation formula for the steady-state power P of the photovoltaic module 100 STC where STC (Standard Test Conditions) represents the standard for the performance of the photovoltaic module 100 within the industry, specifying a temperature of 25°C (laboratory data, with deviations outdoors), a solar irradiance of 1000 W / ㎡, and AM 1.5 (AM represents air mass, that is, the air mass coefficient is 1 at the equator and about 1.5 in Europe). Among them, P STCThe unit of is (W), the unit of the irradiance intensity parameter is (W / m2), the units of the voltage parameter and the current parameter are (V) and (A), the unit of the temperature parameter is (°C), and the unit of the module power temperature coefficient is (w / °C).
[0027] Please refer to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, the irradiance sensor 21 is installed on the same light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 100, and the temperature sensor 22 is installed on the back of the photovoltaic module 100. By installing the irradiance sensor 21 on the same light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 100, the detected irradiance intensity parameter can accurately reflect the irradiance intensity of the photovoltaic module 100. Similarly, the temperature sensor 22 is installed on the back of the photovoltaic module 100 to avoid the heat from direct sunlight affecting the detection result. In this way, the accuracy of the original detection data is ensured.
[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, it further includes a power module 40. The power module 40 maintains the power output of the photovoltaic module 100 at the maximum power point and is connected in parallel with the measurement module 10.
[0029] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the power module 40 is also an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) controller, which is used to optimize the performance of the solar photovoltaic system. Its main function is to adjust the working state of the photovoltaic panel in real time to ensure that the system always operates at the maximum power point, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency. The MPPT controller continuously measures the voltage and current of the photovoltaic panel and calculates the optimal power output point to ensure that the photovoltaic system can maximize the power generation under various lighting conditions, so as to keep the power output of the photovoltaic module 100 always maintained at the maximum power point output.
[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, the data processing module 30 further includes an input unit 31. The input unit 31 inputs the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module 100 into the data processing module 30. By using the input unit 31 to input the measured power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module 100 into the data processing module 30, it can be realized by means of an external keyboard, wireless transmission through a mobile device, serial port input, etc.
[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, it further includes a load module 50 and an inverter module 60. The load module 50 consumes the output power of the photovoltaic module 100 and is connected in parallel with the power module 40. The inverter module 60 converts the DC output of the photovoltaic module 100 into an AC output and is connected between the power module 40 and the load module 50.
[0032] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present utility model, the load module 50 is used to consume all the output power of the tested photovoltaic module 100 to simulate the actual working conditions of the photovoltaic module 100 and ensure the accuracy of the measurement. The load module 50 can use high-power loads such as iodine-tungsten lamps or electric furnace resistance wires to consume the load in the forms of light, heat, and mechanical motion. The output power of the photovoltaic module 100 depends on the load conditions, and its maximum power point tracking (MPPT) system will continuously adjust the load to maintain at the maximum power point of the module. When there is no load, such adjustment cannot be performed, nor can the actual maximum power point be determined. Therefore, in order to test and calibrate the performance of the module, using the load module 50 can help the tester understand the performance of the module under different working conditions. The measurement of the output voltage and current of the photovoltaic module 100 may obtain inaccurate results without a load, because the voltage may be at extreme values when it is no-load, while the values of current and voltage in actual applications are affected by the load. The load ensures that the measurement is carried out under the actual working conditions of the module, thus obtaining more reliable power data.
[0033] In this way, by using the load module 50 to measure the power of the photovoltaic module 100, data under actual working conditions are provided, which helps to accurately calculate the power, optimize the performance, and ensure that the measurement results reflect the performance of the module in the real environment.
[0034] More specifically, the photovoltaic modules 100 are usually connected in series or in parallel to form a DC power supply with appropriate voltage and current. These DC power supplies are connected to the DC input terminals of the inverter. The inverter converts the direct current obtained from the photovoltaic module 100 array into alternating current and supplies it to the load. The load is directly connected to the AC output port of the inverter to use the alternating current.
[0035] The present utility model also provides a steady-state power tester for a photovoltaic module 100, including the above-mentioned steady-state power test system for a photovoltaic module 100.
[0036] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present utility model, during the test, the probe of the irradiance sensor 21 should be located on the same light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module 100, the temperature sensor 22 should be placed behind the module to be measured, the positive and negative poles of the module are connected to the module electrical parameter measurement module 10 and are connected in parallel with the module maximum power automatic tracking module. The power temperature coefficient of the module is input through the input module. After confirming that the module voltage is normal, the load module 50 is connected. After the current reading is stable, the steady-state power of the module under STC conditions is calculated by the data processing unit and output. After recording, the load module 50 is disconnected and the module is restored to its original state. To avoid arcing and short-circuiting during the insertion and connection of the module, careful operation is required to avoid damage or safety accidents. Before connecting the module and the test circuit, it is strictly prohibited to connect the load module 50 to the circuit. At the same time, during the test, it is strictly prohibited to separate the module and the test circuit without disconnecting the load module 50.
[0037] More specifically, by placing the tester at the photovoltaic module 100 in the outdoor field (with a light intensity of 1000W / m 2 and a temperature of 25°C), that is, the standard photovoltaic test conditions (STC) are used as a reference. A light intensity meter can be used to confirm the light intensity. Then, the digital display multifunctional meter of the measurement module 10 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module 100. Under stable light conditions, the voltage (V) and current (I) values of the module are read. The steady-state power (P) can be calculated by the corresponding formula mentioned above. Record the voltage, current, and power data under different load conditions to evaluate the performance of the module under different conditions. In particular, measurements are taken near the maximum power point (MPP) to obtain the best steady-state power value. Subsequently, the measured power value can also be compared with the specification data provided by the manufacturer to verify whether the module operates according to the expected performance. It should be noted that during the measurement process, attention should be paid to the influence of environmental factors (such as temperature and light intensity) on the steady-state power of the module to reduce the power output fluctuations caused by environmental changes in actual applications. Similarly, in order to obtain accurate steady-state power data, long-term tests can be carried out, and the power output of the module at different time periods can be recorded to observe whether there are stability problems. Temperature has a significant impact on the performance of the photovoltaic module 100. Ensure that the influence of temperature on power output is taken into account during measurement. Ensure that the light is uniform in the test area to avoid errors caused by uneven light. In this way, the steady-state power of the N-type solar module can be accurately measured, thereby evaluating its performance in actual applications.
[0038] In summary, a photovoltaic module steady-state power test system and tester provided by the present utility model test the power generation power of a single module by using test conditions that conform to the actual power generation environment, directly reflecting the power output data of the module power under the actual working state, and being able to more accurately reflect the actual operating parameters of the N-type module for high-capacitance modules.
[0039] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present utility model should still be covered by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A steady-state power test system for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Comprising: A measurement module (10) for detecting electrical parameters of the photovoltaic module (100) and connecting to the positive and negative electrodes of the photovoltaic module (100); A sensor module (20) for detecting environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module (100) and installed on the photovoltaic module (100); and A data processing module (30) for obtaining the electrical parameters and environmental parameters of the photovoltaic module (100) and calculating the steady-state power of the photovoltaic module (100) according to the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module (100).
2. The test system according to claim 1, wherein The electrical parameters detected by the measurement module (10) include current parameters and voltage parameters.
3. The test system according to claim 2, wherein The sensor module (20) includes an irradiance sensor (21) for detecting the irradiance intensity parameter of the photovoltaic module (100) and a temperature sensor (22) for detecting the temperature parameter.
4. The test system according to claim 3, wherein The steady-state power calculation formula of the photovoltaic module (100) is as follows: Wherein, P STC is the power of the photovoltaic module (100) obtained by converting the actually measured power to the STC condition, G is the irradiance intensity parameter detected by the irradiance sensor (21), U is the voltage parameter detected by the measurement module (10), I is the current parameter detected by the measurement module (10), T is the temperature parameter detected by the temperature sensor (22); and is the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module (100).
5. The test system according to claim 3, characterized in that The irradiance sensor (21) is installed on the same light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic module (100), and the temperature sensor (22) is installed on the back of the photovoltaic module (100).
6. The test system according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a power module (40), and the power module (40) maintains the power output of the photovoltaic module (100) at the maximum power point and is connected in parallel with the measurement module (10).
7. The test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing module (30) further includes an input unit (31), and the input unit (31) inputs the power temperature coefficient of the photovoltaic module (100) into the data processing module (30).
8. The test system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It further includes a load module (50), and the load module (50) consumes the output power of the photovoltaic module (100) and is connected in parallel with the power module (40).
9. The test system according to claim 8, wherein It further includes an inverter module (60), and the inverter module (60) converts the DC output of the photovoltaic module (100) into an AC output and is connected between the power module (40) and the load module (50).
10. A steady-state power tester for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Comprising the photovoltaic module steady-state power test system according to any one of claims 1-9.