No-tillage direct seeding mechanism for oilseed rape

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oilseed rape no-tillage direct seeding mechanism which comprises a machine frame, a ridging shaft and a power assembly, the ridging shaft and the power assembly are both installed on the machine frame, a stubble cleaning assembly is arranged on the ridging shaft, the oilseed rape no-tillage direct seeding mechanism further comprises a seeding assembly, a fertilizing assembly and a ditching assembly which are all installed on the machine frame, a controller is installed on the fertilizing assembly, and the controller is connected with the ditching assembly. The fertilizing assembly is closer to the front of the advancing direction than the seeding assembly, and the fertilizing assembly and the seeding assembly are in signal connection with the controller. According to the no-tillage direct seeding structure for the oilseed rape, disturbance to soil can be reduced, the original soil moisture content and the drainage system can be kept as much as possible, the cutter and the ditching assembly on the ridging shaft carry out no-tillage shallow rotation, ditching and ridging on a high-straw and high-humidity rice stubble field, soil is finely crushed, fertilizer is shallowly buried, a strip-shaped small ridge seeding belt is formed, efficient utilization of the fertilizer is achieved, and the yield of the oilseed rape is improved. Seed leakage and fertilizer leakage are avoided in an active sowing and fertilizing mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage. Background Art

[0002] The rotation of rice and rapeseed is the main rotation mode of grain and oil in Sichuan. It is found in production practice that with the annual increase in rice yield, after rice harvest, the rice straw is crushed and returned to the field. A large amount of crushed rice straw covers the field, which easily causes a large number of rapeseed seeds and fertilizers to be scattered on the straw. The quality of rapeseed direct seeding is poor, it is difficult for rapeseed to emerge, the fertilizer cannot be fully and effectively utilized, there are few strong seedlings, and the growing rapeseed is prone to lodging, resulting in reduced production or even crop failure. The Chinese utility model patent with the application number CN202321697622.5 discloses a moisture-resistant direct seeding structure for rapeseed without tillage, including a frame, a ridging shaft and a power assembly. The ridging shaft is used for ridging the bed surface, and while ridging, a fertilizer applicator and a precise rapeseed seeder operate simultaneously to realize the combined operation of no-till ridging, direct seeding and fertilization. And the rapeseed seeds are sown in rows on the ridges, and the rainwater flows into the furrows, avoiding waterlogging, which is beneficial to emergence and seedling establishment, and greatly improving the one-time seedling emergence rate of direct seeding. However, due to the lack of a stubble-breaking mechanism, it is difficult to carry out full rotary tillage for crop rotation in paddy fields, which causes great disturbance to the soil and easily destroys the original soil moisture and drainage system, resulting in difficulties in rapeseed direct seeding, poor emergence after sowing, few strong seedlings, and serious dead seedlings and stunted seedlings, affecting rapeseed yield. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] According to the above deficiencies in the prior art, the problem to be solved by the utility model is: to provide a direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage, so as to solve the problem of rapeseed direct seeding in the special operating environment of high humidity and high straw amount in the rice-rapeseed rotation mode.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] The utility model discloses a direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage, including a frame, a ridging shaft and a power assembly. The ridging shaft and the power assembly are both installed on the frame. A stubble-breaking assembly is arranged on the ridging shaft. The direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage further includes a seeding assembly, a fertilizing assembly and a ditch-opening assembly that are all installed on the frame. A controller is installed on the fertilizing assembly. The fertilizing assembly is closer to the front in the traveling direction than the seeding assembly. The fertilizing assembly and the seeding assembly are signal-connected to the controller.

[0006] Preferably, the seeding assembly includes a plurality of seeders, a seeding roller and a seeding motor. The plurality of seeders are installed on the seeding roller. The seeding motor is signal-connected to the controller, and the output end of the seeding motor is connected to the seeding roller.

[0007] Preferably, the fertilizing assembly includes a plurality of spiral fertilizer applicators, a fertilizer application roller, a fertilizer tank, and a fertilizing motor. The plurality of spiral fertilizer applicators are installed on the fertilizer application roller. The feed inlet of the spiral fertilizer applicator is connected to the discharge outlet of the fertilizer tank. The fertilizing motor is in signal connection with the controller, and the output end of the fertilizing motor is connected to the fertilizer application roller.

[0008] Preferably, the ditching assembly includes a ditching plow and a plurality of soil covering plows that are both installed on the frame. The ditching plow is arranged at the midline of the frame parallel to the traveling direction, and the plurality of soil covering plows are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ditching plow.

[0009] Preferably, the stubble-breaking assembly includes a cutter head, a tool holder, and stubble-breaking knives. The cutter head is installed on the ridging shaft, the tool holder is installed on the cutter head, and the stubble-breaking knives are installed on the tool holder.

[0010] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The rapeseed no-tillage direct seeding structure provided by the present utility model realizes the cutting of straw residues remaining in the field during the rotation of rice and rapeseed by adding a stubble-breaking assembly on the ridging shaft, reducing the situation where rapeseed seeds and fertilizers are scattered on the straw, improving the seeding effect of rapeseed. The tools on the ridging shaft and the ditching assembly perform no-tillage shallow rotation and ditching and ridging on high-straw and high-humidity rice stubble fields, crush the soil, and bury the fertilizers shallowly to form strip-shaped small ridge sowing belts, realizing the efficient utilization of fertilizers. Rapeseed is sown in strips on the small ridges, and box ditches and ridge ditches are opened to combine moisture drainage to avoid waterlogging damage to rapeseed, which is beneficial to the emergence and strong growth of rapeseed; the controller controls the seeding assembly and the fertilizing assembly to perform fertilization and seeding according to the movement state of the seeder, and the active seeding and fertilizing method avoids missed seeding and missed fertilization; the ridging shaft, the power assembly, the seeding assembly, the fertilizing assembly, the controller, and the ditching assembly work together to realize no-tillage ridging and moisture-resistant seeding of rapeseed, and realize high-quality seeding of rapeseed under high humidity and high straw volume. Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 Shows the main view of the whole machine according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 The cross-sectional view at A-A in

[0013] Legend Explanation:

[0014] 1. Frame; 2. Ridging shaft; 3. Power assembly; 4. Sowing assembly; 401. Seed sower; 402. Sowing roller; 403. Sowing motor; 5. Fertilizing assembly; 501. Spiral fertilizer applicator; 502. Fertilizing roller; 503. Fertilizer tank; 504. Fertilizing motor; 6. Controller; 7. Ditching assembly; 701. Ditching plow; 702. Soil covering plow; 8. Stubble cleaning assembly; 801. Cutter head; 802. Tool holder; 803. Stubble cleaning knife. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the technical solutions of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of specific embodiments of the present utility model. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same components. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0016] Embodiment 1

[0017] As Figure 1-2 The embodiment shown provides a direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage, including a frame 1, a ridging shaft 2 and a power assembly 3. The ridging shaft 2 and the power assembly 3 are both installed on the frame 1. A stubble cleaning assembly 8 is arranged on the ridging shaft 2, and the stubble cleaning assembly 8 is used for stubble cleaning of the soil. It further includes a sowing assembly 4, a fertilizing assembly 5, a controller 6 and a ditching assembly 7. The sowing assembly 4, the fertilizing assembly 5 and the ditching assembly 7 are installed on the frame 1. A controller 6 is installed on the fertilizing assembly 5. The fertilizing assembly 5 is closer to the front in the traveling direction than the sowing assembly 4. The fertilizing assembly 5 and the sowing assembly 4 are in signal connection with the controller 6.

[0018] The working principle and usage process of this embodiment:

[0019] A direct seeding structure for rapeseed with moisture resistance and no tillage. The ditching assembly 7 is located at the very front of the seeding mechanism to perform ditching operation before seeding. The controller 6 is in signal connection with the fertilizing assembly 5 and the sowing assembly 4. The start and stop of fertilizing and sowing are controlled by the controller 6. The fertilizing assembly 5 is closer to the front in the traveling direction than the sowing assembly 4 to achieve fertilizing before seeding. A stubble cleaning assembly 8 is also installed on the ridging shaft 2 for cutting the straw stubble in the soil.

[0020] Embodiment 2

[0021] As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, this embodiment is developed on the basis of the above embodiment. Specifically, the seeding assembly 4 includes a seeder 401, a seeding roller 402, and a seeding motor 403. A number of the seeders 401 are installed on the seeding roller 402. The seeding motor 403 is signal-connected to the controller 6, and the output end of the seeding motor 403 is connected to the seeding roller 402. Since the seeding motor 403 is signal-connected to the controller 6, the intelligent start and stop of the seeder 401 can be controlled by the controller 6. When the start condition is reached, the controller 6 controls the seeding motor 403 to start through signals, driving the seeding roller 402 to rotate so that the seeder 401 starts seeding.

[0022] Embodiment III

[0023] As Figure 1-2 shown in the figure, this embodiment is developed on the basis of the above embodiment. Specifically, the fertilizing assembly 5 includes a spiral fertilizer applicator 501, a fertilizing roller 502, a fertilizer tank 503, and a fertilizing motor 504. The fertilizer tank 503 is installed above the frame 1. A number of the spiral fertilizer applicators 501 are installed on the fertilizing roller 502. The feed inlet of the spiral fertilizer applicator 501 is connected to the discharge outlet of the fertilizer tank 503. The fertilizing motor 504 is signal-connected to the controller 6, and the output end of the fertilizing motor 504 is connected to the fertilizing roller 502. The automatic start and stop of fertilization is realized by the controller 6 detecting whether the fertilization condition is reached. The controller 6 controls the fertilizing motor 504 to start, thereby driving the fertilizing roller 502 to rotate, and then driving the spiral fertilizer applicator 501 to apply fertilizer.

[0024] Embodiment IV

[0025] As Figure 1-2 shown in the figure, this embodiment is developed on the basis of the above embodiment. Specifically, the ditching assembly 7 is closer to the front in the traveling direction than the fertilizing assembly 5 to perform ditching operation before fertilization. The ditching assembly 7 includes a ditching plow 701 and a number of soil covering plows 702 that are both installed on the frame 1. The ditching plow 701 is arranged at the midline of the frame 1 parallel to the traveling direction. A number of ditching plows 701 complete the ditching operation. The soil covering plows 702 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ditching plow 701. One is to make the forces on both sides of the seeding machine uniform and avoid machine swing. The other is to cover the soil on both sides after ditching to improve the growth rate and yield of crops. The soil covering can also increase soil humidity and promote crop growth.

[0026] Embodiment V

[0027] As Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, this embodiment is developed on the basis of the above embodiment. Specifically, the stubble-breaking component 8 includes a cutter head 801, a tool holder 802 and stubble-breaking knives 803. The cutter head 801 is installed on the ridging shaft 2, the tool holder 802 is installed on the cutter head 801, and the stubble-breaking knives 803 are installed on the tool holder 802. By rotating the ridging shaft 2, the cutter head 801 is driven to rotate, and then the stubble-breaking knives 803 are driven to rotate to cut the remaining straw stubble.

[0028] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage, comprising a frame (1), a ridging shaft (2) and a power assembly (3), wherein the ridging shaft (2) and the power assembly (3) are both installed on the frame (1), and is characterized in that: A stubble-breaking component (8) is provided on the ridging shaft (2). It further includes a seeding component (4), a fertilizing component (5), and a ditching component (7) all mounted on the frame (1). A controller (6) is mounted on the fertilizing component (5). The fertilizing component (5) is closer to the front in the traveling direction than the seeding component (4). The fertilizing component (5) and the seeding component (4) are in signal connection with the controller (6).

2. The direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding component (4) includes a number of seeders (401), a seeding roller (402), and a seeding motor (403). The number of seeders (401) are mounted on the seeding roller (402). The seeding motor (403) is in signal connection with the controller (6), and the output end of the seeding motor (403) is connected to the seeding roller (402).

3. The no-tillage direct seeding mechanism for rape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing component (5) includes a number of spiral fertilizer applicators (501), a fertilizing roller (502), a fertilizer tank (503), and a fertilizing motor (504). The number of spiral fertilizer applicators (501) are mounted on the fertilizing roller (502). The feed inlet of the spiral fertilizer applicator (501) is connected to the discharge outlet of the fertilizer tank (503). The fertilizing motor (504) is in signal connection with the controller (6), and the output end of the fertilizing motor (504) is connected to the fertilizing roller (502).

4. A direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditching component (7) includes a ditching plow (701) and a number of soil covering plows (702) all mounted on the frame (1). The ditching plow (701) is provided at the midline of the frame (1) parallel to the traveling direction. The number of soil covering plows (702) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the ditching plow (701).

5. A direct seeding mechanism for rapeseed without tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stubble-breaking component (8) includes a cutter head (801), a cutter base (802), and stubble-breaking knives (803). The cutter head (801) is mounted on the ridging shaft (2). The cutter base (802) is mounted on the cutter head (801). The stubble-breaking knives (803) are mounted on the cutter base (802).

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