Bottom blowing furnace for producing nickel alloy

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bottom-blowing refining furnace for producing nickel alloy, which is characterized in that a converting furnace body is a horizontal furnace, two side end walls of the furnace body are respectively provided with a combustion gun, the top of the furnace body is provided with a smoke outlet and a charging hole, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a plurality of bottom-blowing spray guns; the combustion gun is of a double-channel circular seam structure, and is used for blowing natural gas and pure oxygen to supply heat for reaction in the furnace; the charging hole is square and is built by refractory bricks, and meanwhile, a steel structure sheath is mounted; the smoke outlet consists of a refractory brick and a water jacket; included angles are formed between the bottom blowing guns and the vertical direction of the furnace body and are arranged at intervals along the same straight line; the bottom blowing gun is of a circular seam structure and is divided into an inner pipe and an outer pipe which are used for blowing high-pressure air and oxygen-enriched air respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a bottom-blowing converter for producing nickel alloys. Background Art

[0002] The by-products produced by the nickel system, including primary alloy, fine-grained alloy, desulfurized tailings of nickel anode slime, leaching tailings of fine-grained alloy, etc., are large in quantity, and the content of rare and precious metals in them is high, so further extraction is required. The traditional treatment process is to use a sulfurization furnace, add various materials into the furnace according to a certain ratio, melt and blow them, further desulfurize and remove iron, and produce secondary high-nickel matte with a higher enrichment degree of precious metals. The secondary high-nickel matte is ground and floated to produce secondary copper, nickel concentrate and secondary alloy, and then precious metals are extracted. The main equipment involved in this treatment process, the sulfurization furnace, has fallen behind in environmental protection configuration and process flow during the production process, and can no longer meet the requirements in terms of environmental protection requirements and treatment capacity.

[0003] Carbonyl metallurgy has made major technological breakthroughs in recent years, and the production scale has been greatly improved. The raw material water-quenched alloy required is an alloy material with a nickel content of more than 60% and a sulfur content of less than 10%. Its preparation process is to further desulfurize the materials such as primary alloy and fine-grained alloy after melting, and the required process conditions are relatively strict. The original preparation method was to use an oxygen inclined blowing converter to carry out pure oxygen blowing at a high temperature of 1500 °C to remove part of the sulfur in the materials and produce water-quenched alloy with a high nickel content and a low sulfur content. This process has a long treatment cycle, high energy consumption and low production capacity, and can no longer meet the existing production scale of carbonyl metallurgy. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a bottom-blowing converter for producing nickel alloys, which can stably provide raw materials for carbonyl metallurgy while treating the by-products of the nickel system, and realize an efficient, environmentally friendly and energy-saving modern smelting process.

[0005] For this reason, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A bottom-blowing converter for producing nickel alloys, the converter furnace body is a horizontal furnace, a combustion gun is respectively arranged on both side end walls of the furnace body, a smoke outlet and a feeding port are arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a plurality of bottom-blowing spray guns are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body;

[0007] The combustion gun is of a double-channel annular slit structure, and blows natural gas and pure oxygen to supply heat for the reaction in the furnace;

[0008] The feeding port is square, built with refractory bricks, and a steel structure sheath is installed at the same time; the smoke outlet is composed of refractory bricks and a water jacket;

[0009] The bottom blowing lance has an angle with the vertical direction of the furnace body and is arranged at intervals along the same straight line; the bottom blowing lance has an annular slit structure and is divided into an inner pipe and an outer pipe, which respectively blow high-pressure air and oxygen-enriched air.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0011] The furnace body of the bottom blowing smelting furnace provided by the present utility model is provided with a feeding port for adding raw materials and fluxes, etc.; a combustion lance is provided for blowing natural gas and pure oxygen to supply heat through combustion to achieve melting of materials; a bottom blowing lance is provided for blowing compressed air and oxygen-enriched air into the molten bath for smelting, further removing sulfur contained in the materials, while increasing the Ni grade to produce qualified products; the provided smoke outlet is used to discharge the flue gas in the furnace into the waste heat boiler above the furnace body during feeding and smelting, and at the same time, the smoke outlet can be used to discharge nickel matte and tailings after the smelting is completed. The bottom blowing smelting furnace provided by the present invention can realize the processes of simultaneous feeding, simultaneous melting, and simultaneous smelting during the production of nickel alloys. Through the blowing action of the bottom blowing lance, the reaction in the furnace is accelerated, and the desulfurization and deironing processes of the melt are quickly realized to produce qualified nickel alloy products. The cross-section of the bottom blowing lance provided by the present invention is in the shape of a "plum blossom", with a number of air holes provided to evenly separate the incoming air flow. While realizing the uniform dispersion of the air flow, the blowing speed is increased, the blowing intensity of the bottom blowing lance is strengthened, so that the bottom blowing lance and the furnace lining in the bottom blowing lance area are not easily adhered. Moreover, the blown air flow will violently stir the melt, and the oxygen in the air flow is in full contact with the melt, improving the oxygen utilization rate, the melting and reaction efficiency, and the desulfurization depth, and being able to produce qualified products in a shorter time; at the same time, the utilization rate of solid fuel in the melt can also be increased, the internal heat reaction efficiency of the furnace can be improved, the amount of natural gas blown from the end wall can be greatly reduced, and the energy consumption can be reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0013] Among them: 1 - furnace body, 2 - smoke outlet, 3 - feeding port, 4 - combustion lance, 5 - bottom blowing lance. Detailed Embodiments

[0014] The following further describes the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:

[0015] As Figure 1 shown, it includes a furnace body 1. A smoke outlet 2 is arranged above the furnace body 1 for the circulation of flue gas and the discharge of the melt during feeding, melting, and smelting; a feeding port 3 is arranged for adding raw materials and fluxes, etc.; combustion lances 4 are arranged on both sides of the furnace body 1 for blowing natural gas and pure oxygen to supply heat to the furnace; a bottom blowing lance 5 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1 for blowing compressed air and oxygen-enriched air into the melt.

[0016] The furnace body 1 is a horizontal furnace, with a steel structure furnace shell on the outside and a refractory lining on the inside. A copper water jacket is installed at the top of the smoke outlet 2, and the other three sides are made of refractory materials, which can be used for the circulation of flue gas in the furnace and the discharge of the melt. The feeding port 3 is made of refractory materials, and a steel protective sleeve is installed to protect the brick body of the feeding port.

[0017] The combustion guns 4 are arranged on both side end walls of the furnace body 1, injecting natural gas and oxygen, and providing heat for the melting and reaction of the materials in the furnace through fuel combustion. The bottom blowing guns 5 are linearly distributed at the bottom of the furnace, with a certain distance between the gun bodies, at a certain angle to the vertical direction of the furnace body, and are immersed in the molten pool for injection.

[0018] The principle of the present utility model is:

[0019] In the case of having a melt with a certain height in the furnace, raw materials, fluxes, etc. are added through the feeding port 3, and the combustion guns 4 and the bottom blowing guns 5 respectively provide the thermodynamic and kinetic conditions, enabling the materials to complete the processes of melting and blowing under the condition of intense stirring of the melt, removing part of the sulfur in the materials, increasing the nickel content of the product, and realizing the further enrichment process of precious metals.

[0020] The present utility model simultaneously has the functions of producing secondary nickel matte and water-quenched alloy. According to different types and ratios of raw materials, qualified products can be produced through the above methods.

[0021] In the actual production process of the present utility model, the materials are quantitatively added through a metering feeder and a belt conveyor. By calculating the oxygen-to-material ratio, controlling the oxygen enrichment concentration of the bottom blowing guns, and the flow rates of natural gas and oxygen of the combustion guns, the purpose of adding, melting, and blowing the materials simultaneously and qualifiedly is achieved. The production efficiency is significantly improved compared with that of the sulfurization furnace, and the production capacity is significantly increased.

[0022] In the actual production process of the present utility model, a waste heat boiler and a wet dust removal system are used to recover the waste heat of the flue gas and remove dust, and an ionic liquid desulfurization system is used to purify the flue gas, and the overall environmental protection effect is good.

[0023] In the actual production process of the present utility model, the refractory lining method at the bottom blowing guns and the combustion guns is a combined method, which can realize hot repair during production, significantly improving the service life of the furnace.

[0024] In the actual production process of the present utility model, it can process pellets or powdery materials, and has low requirements for the particle size, moisture, etc. of the materials, with strong adaptability to raw materials, and has great advantages in processing various by-products of the nickel system.

[0025] Affected by raw materials, the smelting temperature of the water-quenched alloy is close to 1500 °C, which belongs to the high-temperature operation range in the non-ferrous smelting industry. The smelting is difficult and the control requirements are high. In the actual production process of the present utility model, under the action of the bottom-blowing lance injecting oxygen-enriched air, the thermal reaction efficiency is high, the smelting temperature can easily reach about 1500 °C, the energy consumption is controllable, and the control is more stable at the same time.

Claims

1. A bottom-blown converter for producing nickel alloys, characterized in that, The smelting furnace body (1) is a horizontal furnace. A combustion lance (4) is respectively arranged on both side end walls of the furnace body (1). A smoke outlet (2) and a feeding port (3) are arranged on the top of the furnace body (1). A number of bottom blowing lances are arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (1); The combustion lance (4) has a double-channel annular gap structure, and blows natural gas and pure oxygen to supply heat for the reaction in the furnace; The feeding port (3) is square, built with refractory bricks and equipped with a steel structure sheath at the same time. The smoke outlet (2) is composed of refractory bricks and a water jacket; The bottom blowing lance (5) has an included angle with the vertical direction of the furnace body (1) and is arranged at intervals along the same straight line. The bottom blowing lance (5) has an annular gap structure and is divided into an inner pipe and an outer pipe, which respectively blow high-pressure air and oxygen-rich air.

Images