Rock-soil body structure acousto-optic monitoring device

Abstract

The rock-soil body structure acousto-optic monitoring device comprises at least one acoustic emission monitoring assembly, each acoustic emission monitoring assembly comprises an outer pipe body, an inner pipe body and filling particles, the outer pipe body is connected with the inner pipe body through a connecting piece, the outer pipe body is arranged on the outer side of the inner pipe body in a sleeving mode, and the filling particles are arranged in the outer pipe body. A cavity is formed between the outer pipe body and the inner pipe body, and the filling particles are filled in the cavity; and at least part of the optical fiber is arranged in the inner tube body in a penetrating manner. Therefore, the acousto-optic monitoring device for the rock-soil body structure has the advantage that the interior of the rock-soil body can be continuously monitored conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of geotechnical structure monitoring and early warning, and particularly relates to an acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structures. Background Art

[0002] The active waveguide acoustic emission technology uses granular materials as acoustic amplifiers for minute deformations, uses metal waveguides to propagate acoustic emission signals with low attenuation, and uses piezoelectric ceramic sensors to collect signals. The sensor uses the piezoelectric effect to convert mechanical quantities into electrical quantities. When sound waves reach the surface of the sensor, the piezoelectric wafer vibrates, and the vibration causes an alternating charge distribution on the two poles of the wafer, converting the acoustic emission into an electrical signal. However, the piezoelectric sensor must be in contact with the object to be measured, which destroys the boundary conditions of the sound field and affects the measurement accuracy; the working frequency band of the piezoelectric sensor is relatively narrow and the amplitude-frequency characteristic fluctuates greatly, and it is vulnerable to electromagnetic interference; rainfall is an important factor inducing geotechnical engineering disasters, and it is difficult to use the monitoring equipment when it is soaked by rain inside; the engineering environment may have extremely high or low temperatures, resulting in the equipment being unable to be used; the acoustic emission signal will be greatly attenuated after propagating 30 m along the metal waveguide, that is, the maximum depth of the monitored structural deformation zone is about 30 m, and it is difficult to achieve effective monitoring of extremely deep shear zones. More critically, continuous monitoring of large deformations inside geotechnical bodies is a major problem. After the metal waveguide is sheared and damaged, it loses its sound transmission function and the monitoring equipment fails. On the other hand, the fiber optic sensor has high sensitivity and can receive vibrations within dozens of meters around the optical cable. However, weak vibrations will also cause changes in the system signal, and the fiber optic sensor is easily affected by irrelevant noise and is difficult to be used for accurately monitoring geotechnical structures. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. For this purpose, an embodiment of the utility model proposes an acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structures.

[0004] The acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structures according to the embodiment of the utility model includes:

[0005] At least one group of acoustic emission monitoring components, each group of acoustic emission monitoring components including an outer tube body, an inner tube body, and filled particulate matter. The outer tube body is connected to the inner tube body through a connecting member. The outer tube body is sleeved outside the inner tube body, a cavity is formed between the outer tube body and the inner tube body, and the filled particulate matter is filled in the cavity;

[0006] An optical fiber, at least a part of which is disposed inside the inner tube body.

[0007] Therefore, the acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structures according to the embodiment of the utility model has the advantage of being convenient for continuous monitoring of the inside of geotechnical bodies.

[0008] The acoustic and optical monitoring device for the geotechnical structure according to the embodiment of the present utility model includes an acquisition and transmission device, the acquisition and transmission device is connected to the optical fiber, and the acquisition and transmission device is used to acquire the signal transmitted by the optical fiber.

[0009] In some embodiments, there are multiple acoustic emission monitoring components, and the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components are connected in series. Each inner tube body includes a first end and a second end. The second end of the inner tube body of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components is connected to the first end of the inner tube body of the other. At least part of the optical fiber is disposed in the multiple inner tube bodies of the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components, and the end of the optical fiber extends out from the end of the inner tube body of the acoustic emission monitoring component located outside the geotechnical body and is connected to the acquisition and transmission device.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least one of the first end and the second end of the inner tube body is provided with a connecting thread.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the first end of the inner tube body has a first thread, and the outer surface of the second end of the inner tube body has a second thread;

[0012] The two inner tube bodies of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components are connected by a connecting nut connected to the second thread and the first thread.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second end of the inner tube body of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components extends into the second end of the inner tube body of the other and is threadedly connected thereto.

[0014] In some embodiments, a fixing plate is provided on one of the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components located outside the geotechnical body, and the acquisition and transmission device is provided on the fixing plate;

[0015] A winding column for winding the optical fiber is provided on the fixing plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the acquisition and transmission device includes a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier and an acquisition card connected in sequence, and the optical fiber is connected to the photoelectric converter.

[0017] In some embodiments, a coupling agent covering the optical fiber is filled in the inner tube body;

[0018] The filling particulate matter is hard solid particles;

[0019] The outer tube body is a flexible tube, and the inner tube body is a metal tube.

[0020] In some embodiments, each acoustic emission monitoring component includes a first annular metal cover and a second annular metal cover. The outer edges of the first annular metal cover and the second annular metal cover are connected to the outer tube body, and the inner edges of the first annular metal cover and the second annular metal cover are connected to the inner tube body. A cavity is formed between the first annular metal cover, the second annular metal cover, the outer tube body, and the inner tube body. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic emission monitoring component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition and transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 is a front view of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 is a top view of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 is a bottom view of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 is a half-sectional view of a geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1, outer tube body; 2, inner tube body; 21, second thread; 22, first thread; 23, connecting nut; 3, optical fiber; 4, acquisition and transmission device; 5, fixing plate; 6, first annular metal cover; 7, second annular metal cover; 8, winding column. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] The geotechnical structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As Figures 1 to 8As shown, the acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model includes at least one set of acoustic emission monitoring components and an optical fiber 3.

[0032] The acoustic emission monitoring components include an outer tube body 1, an inner tube body 2 and filled particulate matter. The outer tube body 1 is connected to the inner tube body 2 through a connecting piece. The outer tube body 1 is sleeved outside the inner tube body 2, and a cavity is formed between the outer tube body 1 and the inner tube body 2. The filled particulate matter is filled in the cavity. The connecting piece can be a rivet, a screw or a colloid.

[0033] The acoustic emission monitoring components of the acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model are placed in the geotechnical monitoring hole. When the geotechnical structure deforms, the outer tube body 1 deforms accordingly and transfers the deformation to the filled particulate matter in the tube. Thereby, the filled particulate matter and the inner tube body 2 interact to generate acoustic emission signals within a specific frequency band range. The filled particulate matter has a certain supporting effect on the outer tube body 1, making the outer tube body 1 not easily damaged, thereby increasing the range of the deformation amount measured by the acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structure. The outer tube body 1 is a flexible tube body, so that even if the geotechnical structure undergoes slow and minute deformation, the outer tube body 1 will deform accordingly. At the same time, the outer tube body 1 can prevent the collapse of the monitoring hole wall and can also isolate the geotechnical environment around the monitoring hole, making the monitoring device an independent system. The acoustic emission signals mainly come from the acoustic emission monitoring components, reducing the influence of the surrounding environmental conditions on the optical fiber 3 and improving the measurement reliability of the acoustic-optic monitoring device for geotechnical structure.

[0034] At least part of the optical fiber 3 is disposed inside the inner tube body 2. The optical fiber 3 is located inside the inner tube body 2 of the acoustic emission monitoring components. The acoustic emission monitoring components can withstand shear and extrusion forces to protect the optical fiber 3, thereby improving the service life of the device.

[0035] The acoustic emission monitoring component is used for acoustic monitoring, and the acoustic emission signals generated by the acoustic emission monitoring component can be detected by the optical fiber 3. Acoustic emission refers to the generation of transient elastic waves due to internal stress changes when a material is subjected to an external force. The elastic waves can propagate in the material and be detected by the optical fiber 3. Specifically, the optical fiber 3 is used to sense and transmit the acoustic emission signals transmitted by the inner tube body 2 of the acoustic emission monitoring component. The acoustic emission signals of the inner tube body 2 can generate elastic waves. After the optical fiber 3 receives the elastic waves, there will be a change in the optical wave phase (optical signal change). Thus, the acoustic emission signals can be indirectly measured by dynamically measuring the change in the optical signals in the optical fiber 3, that is, the acoustic emission parameters generated by the acoustic emission monitoring component can be obtained by using the optical fiber 3. Moreover, the acoustic emission monitoring component (the outer tube body 1 and the filled particulate matter) has an isolation and attenuation effect on external noise, so as to weaken the influence of external noise on the optical fiber 3. On the other hand, the optical fiber 3 is embedded in the inner tube body 2 of the acoustic emission monitoring component to directly obtain the acoustic emission signals with a specific frequency (such as the ultrasonic frequency band) inside the acoustic emission monitoring component and exclude the environmental noise outside the frequency band. The large deformation and damage of the rock and soil mass both cause the acoustic emission monitoring component to generate acoustic emission information, which is convenient for monitoring the large deformation and damage of the rock and soil mass. The large deformation of the rock and soil mass is a deformation with a shear displacement greater than or equal to 0.5 meters, and the damage of the rock and soil mass is a deformation with a smaller shear displacement.

[0036] The optical fiber 3 is both a sensor and a transmission medium. Specifically, the optical fiber 3 is also used for optical monitoring. During the transmission of light waves in the optical fiber 3, the deformation of the optical fiber 3 caused by the strain of the rock and soil mass can cause a change in the optical signals in the optical fiber 3. Thus, the deformation amount and deformation location can be detected according to the change in the optical signals caused by the strain effect, that is, the rock and soil mass deformation parameters can be directly obtained through the optical signal information output by the optical fiber 3. That is to say, the optical signals transmitted by the optical fiber 3 include optical signal information (including that caused by rock and soil deformation) and acoustic signal information (generated by the acoustic emission monitoring component).

[0037] The optical fiber 3 located inside the inner tube body 2 does not need to be in contact with the object to be measured, and the optical fiber 3 can measure the deformation amount and deformation location (structural deformation zone monitoring and positioning), thus realizing the synchronous measurement of multiple physical quantities such as light, sound, and deformation. The optical fiber 3 can realize the detection and identification of multiple vibration events and high-precision axial positioning, and can perform continuous distributed measurement. The inner diameter size of the inner tube body 2 is adapted to the size of the optical fiber 3, so that the outer diameter of the inner tube body 2 and the acoustic emission monitoring component can be greatly reduced (the outer diameter can be reduced to 30 mm), the weight can be reduced, and the construction difficulty of installing the rock and soil mass monitoring hole (drilled hole or reserved hole) can be reduced. The cooperation between the optical fiber 3 and the acoustic emission monitoring component can obtain the rock and soil mass deformation parameters and acoustic emission parameters, realizing the long-term sustainable monitoring of the rock and soil mass structure. Moreover, the optical fiber 3 can be used for ultra-long distance measurement, so that the monitoring length can be greatly increased, and the measurement information of the optical fiber 3 is rich, and the positioning accuracy and sensitivity are high.

[0038] Compared with active waveguide and piezoelectric ceramic acoustic emission sensors, the utility model can avoid the damage caused by shearing of metal waveguides, ensure the long-term continuous propagation of signals and the service life of equipment, and solve the problem of sustainable monitoring of large deformation of rock and soil. Compared with a single optical fiber, the utility model avoids the problem that the optical fiber is extremely sensitive and susceptible to environmental noise interference, so that the optical fiber 3 can measure the deformation, damage and vibration of the rock structure.

[0039] Therefore, the acoustic and optical monitoring device for rock and soil structure according to the embodiment of the utility model has the advantage of being able to carry out sustainable monitoring inside the rock and soil body.

[0040] The acoustic and optical monitoring device for rock and soil structure according to the embodiment of the utility model comprises a collection and transmission device 4. The collection and transmission device 4 is connected to the optical fiber 3 and is used to collect the signal (optical signal and acoustic signal) transmitted by the optical fiber 3.

[0041] In some embodiments, the inner tube body 2 is filled with a coupling agent that coats the optical fiber 3. The coupling agent is used to fill the gap between the inner wall of the inner tube body 2 and the optical fiber 3 so that the optical fiber 3 is in full contact with the inner tube body 2, thereby better detecting sound waves.

[0042] In some embodiments, the outer tube body 1 is a hose. The hose has a certain strength to maintain its own shape and is easy to install in the monitoring hole. At the same time, the hose has a certain flexibility to bear compression, shearing and bending, and the filling particles have a certain supporting effect on the outer tube body 1, so that the outer tube body 1 is not easily damaged when the deformation of the deep rock and soil body is large, and can be used for long-term monitoring, with a wider range of applications. For example, the outer tube body 1 can be a silicone rubber tube, and the outer diameter of the outer tube body 1 can be 30 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments, the inner tube body 2 is a metal tube. Each inner tube body 2 includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other in the length direction. For example, the inner tube body 2 can be an aluminum alloy tube body, and the length of the inner tube body 2 is 1 meter. The first end of the inner tube body 2 is its upper end, and the second end of the inner tube body 2 is its lower end.

[0044] In some embodiments, the filling particles are hard solid particles. For example, the filling particles are granite gravel. The outer tube body 1 (hose) is used to sensitively sense the slight deformation of the rock and soil structure. The filling particles formed by the hard solid particles can amplify the acoustic signal caused by the slight deformation and generate a high-level acoustic emission signal. The filling particles and the inner tube body 2 (metal tube) interact with each other, so that the acoustic emission monitoring component can generate corresponding acoustic emission signals. The optical fiber 3 located in the inner tube body 2 serves as an inner core, which can sense and transmit the acoustic emission signal.

[0045] In some embodiments, each acoustic emission monitoring component includes a first annular metal cover 6 and a second annular metal cover 7. The outer edges of the first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 are connected to the outer tube body 1, and the inner edges of the first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 are connected to the inner tube body 2. A cavity is formed between the first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 and the outer tube body 1 and the inner tube body 2. Specifically, the first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 are located at both ends of the outer tube body 1 and the inner tube body 2 in the length direction of the acoustic emission monitoring component. The first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 facilitate the connection of the inner tube body 2 and the outer tube body 1, and endow certain structural strength to both ends in the length direction of the acoustic emission monitoring component, making it not easily damaged. The length direction of the acoustic emission monitoring component can be the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, or a direction forming an angle with both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 are connected to the outer tube body 1 and the inner tube body 2 through connecting members. For example, the first end (upper end) of the inner tube body 2 is located outside (above) the corresponding first annular metal cover 6, or the top surface of the inner tube body 2 is coplanar with the top surface of the corresponding first annular metal cover 6. The second end (lower end) of the inner tube body 2 is located outside (below) the corresponding second annular metal cover 7, or the bottom surface of the inner tube body 2 is coplanar with the bottom surface of the corresponding second annular metal cover 7. The first annular metal cover 6 and the second annular metal cover 7 are fixed to the outer tube body 1 and the inner tube body 2 by rivets.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, there are multiple acoustic emission monitoring components, and the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components are connected in series. The second end of the inner tube body 2 of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components is connected to the first end of the inner tube body 2 of the other (adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components), and at least part of the optical fiber 3 is disposed inside the multiple inner tube bodies 2 of the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components. Multiple standardized manufactured acoustic emission monitoring components are connected in series, which can meet the monitoring requirements of monitoring holes with different lengths, have flexible use lengths, and are simple and convenient for on-site installation and operation. The multiple serially connected acoustic emission monitoring components can be placed in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, or a direction forming an angle with both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.

[0047] As Figure 1 to as Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, connection threads are provided on at least one of the first end and the second end of the inner tube body 2. Specifically, the second end of the inner tube body 2 of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components is threadedly connected to the first end of the inner tube body 2 of the other, thereby improving the connection efficiency.

[0048] In some embodiments, the second end of the inner tube body 2 of one of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components extends into the first end of the inner tube body 2 of the other and is threadedly connected thereto. For example, the second end (lower end) of the inner tube body 2 of the upper one of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components extends into the first end (upper end) of the inner tube body 2 of the lower one and is threadedly connected thereto. The second annular metal cover 7 of the upper one of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components abuts against the first annular metal cover 6 of the lower one.

[0049] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, in some embodiments, the outer surface of the second end of the inner tube body 2 has a second thread 21, and the outer surface of the first end of the inner tube body 2 has a first thread 22. The two inner tube bodies 2 of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components are connected by a connecting nut 23 connected to the second thread 21 and the first thread 22. Specifically, after the connecting nut 23 is threadedly connected to the adjacent second thread 21 and first thread 22, the two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components can be connected in series by one connecting nut 23, thereby improving the connection efficiency.

[0050] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the end of the optical fiber 3 extends out from the end of the inner tube body 2 of the acoustic emission monitoring component located outside the rock and soil mass and is connected to the acquisition and transmission device 4. The acquisition and transmission device 4 is used to acquire the signals (optical signals and acoustic signals) transmitted by the optical fiber 3. Specifically, a fixing plate 5 is provided on the outer side of the inner tube body 2 of the acoustic emission monitoring component located outside the rock and soil mass among multiple acoustic emission monitoring components. The acquisition and transmission device 4 is provided on the fixing plate 5, and a winding column 8 for winding the optical fiber 3 is provided on the fixing plate 5. The fixing plate 5 can be sleeved on the outer side of the inner tube body 2, and the fixing plate 5 facilitates the installation of the acquisition and transmission device 4. The optical fiber 3 has a surplus. When the rock and soil deforms, the optical fiber 3 wound on the winding column 8 can move towards the inner tube body 2. For example, the opening of the rock and soil mass detection hole faces upward, and the upper end of the inner tube body 2 of the uppermost one of multiple acoustic emission monitoring components is located outside the rock and soil mass, and the optical fiber 3 extends out of the upper end of the inner tube body 2 and is connected to the acquisition and transmission device 4.

[0051] In some embodiments, the fixing plate 5 is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the inner tube body 2 of the one (at least partially) located outside the rock and soil mass among multiple acoustic emission monitoring components and abuts against the first annular metal cover 6 of the acoustic emission monitoring component at least partially located outside the rock and soil mass. For example, the winding column 8 extends in the vertical direction, the outer peripheral contour of the fixing plate 5 is circular, and the acquisition and transmission device 4 is provided on the upper surface of the fixing plate 5.

[0052] In some embodiments, the acquisition and transmission device 4 includes a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier and an acquisition card connected in sequence, and the optical fiber 3 is connected to the photoelectric converter. Specifically, the optical signal propagates to the surface at a high speed with extremely low attenuation along the optical fiber 3, and the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal through photoelectric conversion. The electrical signal is filtered and amplified by the preamplifier, and then demodulated and processed by the acquisition card to obtain the type, amplitude and other parameters of the acoustic emission signal, thereby judging the safety status of the rock and soil structure.

[0053] The utility model also proposes a rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring method according to the rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring device of the embodiment of the utility model. The rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring method according to the embodiment of the utility model comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Connect multiple acoustic emission monitoring assemblies in series in sequence so that multiple inner tube bodies 2 of the multiple acoustic emission monitoring assemblies are connected, and insert the optical fiber 3 into the multiple inner tube bodies 2. Specifically, in step S1, the number of acoustic emission monitoring assemblies to be used is determined according to the length of the monitoring hole of the rock and soil body, and the inner tube bodies 2 of two adjacent emission monitoring assemblies can be connected in series through a connecting nut 23.

[0055] In some embodiments, in step S1 , after the optical fiber 3 is inserted into a plurality of inner tube bodies 2 , a coupling agent is injected into the inner tube bodies 2 , thereby facilitating fixing the optical fiber 3 in the inner tube bodies 2 .

[0056] S2, fix the rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring device in the rock and soil monitoring hole, and the end of the inner tube body 2 of the multiple acoustic emission monitoring components that is farthest from the bottom of the rock and soil monitoring hole is located outside the rock and soil. Specifically, in step S2, after the rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring device is placed in the rock and soil monitoring hole, slurry is poured into the rock and soil monitoring hole to fix the rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring device.

[0057] S3, connect the optical fiber 3 to the collection and transmission device 4, and use the collection and transmission device 4 to obtain the optical signal information transmitted by the optical fiber 3 and the acoustic signal information (generated by the acoustic emission monitoring component). In step S3, the collection and transmission device 4 includes a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier and an acquisition card connected in sequence. The collection and transmission device 4 is arranged on the outer side of the rock and soil body (the inner tube body 2) in multiple acoustic emission monitoring components, and the optical fiber 3 is connected to the photoelectric converter. In this way, the acquisition module can obtain the optical signal information and acoustic signal information transmitted by the optical fiber 3, and then convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is demodulated by the acquisition card to obtain the characteristic parameters of the optical signal and the acoustic signal.

[0058] Specifically, the optical fiber 3 serves both as a sensor and a transmission medium, synchronously measuring the strain and acoustic emission of the rock and soil mass. The acquisition and transmission device 4 includes an acquisition module and a transmission module. The first acquisition module is to acquire the change of the optical signal in the optical fiber 3 caused by the action of the strain of the rock and soil mass, so as to detect the deformation amount and deformation position; the second is to acquire the change of the optical signal caused by the acoustic emission wave generated by the acoustic emission monitoring component, so as to obtain the acoustic emission waveform and extract the characteristic parameters.

[0059] In step S3, the acquisition and transmission device 4 is used to remotely transmit the optical signal information and acoustic signal information. Specifically, the acquired optical fiber signal is remotely transmitted through the Internet of Things after demodulation. The acquisition module is responsible for converting various signals on site into electrical signals, and the transmission module is responsible for transmitting the optical signal information and acoustic signal information generated by the acquisition module to a remote destination through the Internet of Things.

[0060] S4. Analyze the acquired optical signal information and acoustic signal information to obtain the deformation parameters and acoustic emission parameters of the rock and soil mass, and analyze the safety state of the rock and soil mass structure according to the deformation parameters and acoustic emission parameters of the rock and soil mass. Specifically, process and analyze the optical signal information and acoustic signal information transmitted by the optical fiber 3. The strain and acoustic emission signal of the rock and soil mass cause the change of the light intensity in the optical fiber 3. Through the processing algorithm of the optical signal, the deformation parameters and acoustic emission parameters of the rock and soil mass are obtained, and the safety state of the rock and soil mass structure is analyzed based on the characteristics of the deformation parameters and acoustic emission parameters of the rock and soil mass.

[0061] According to the acoustic-optical monitoring method for rock and soil mass structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the acoustic-optical monitoring device for rock and soil mass structure, the acoustic emission monitoring component and the optical fiber 3 are combined to change the perception and transmission mode of the acoustic emission signal. It can sensitively perceive the minute deformation inside the rock and soil mass and continuously monitor the large deformation, realizing the synchronous monitoring of multiple parameters and the dynamic positioning of the structural deformation zone. The optical fiber 3 is resistant to electromagnetic interference, suitable for special environments such as liquids and combustible explosions, with stable and reliable measurement and low false alarm rate, and can be used for the whole life cycle monitoring of rock and soil mass engineering.

[0062] The acoustic emission monitoring component is used for acoustic monitoring, and the optical fiber 3 is used for optical monitoring, both of which can invert the internal deformation of the rock and soil. The multi-physical quantity monitoring inside the rock and soil mass improves the reliability and effectiveness of disaster risk monitoring through the complementary advantages and mutual verification of different technical advantages. The optical fiber can realize the detection and identification of multiple vibration events and the high-precision axial positioning, and can perform continuous distributed measurement.

[0063] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0065] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0066] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0067] In the present utility model, terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0068] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the above embodiments are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An acousto-optic monitoring device for a geotechnical structure, characterized in that, Comprising: At least one set of acoustic emission monitoring components, the acoustic emission monitoring components including an outer tube body, an inner tube body, and filled particulate matter. The outer tube body is connected to the inner tube body through a connecting member. The outer tube body is sleeved outside the inner tube body, a cavity is formed between the outer tube body and the inner tube body, and the filled particulate matter is filled in the cavity; An optical fiber, at least a part of which is disposed inside the inner tube body.

2. The rock and soil structure acoustic-optic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comprising an acquisition and transmission device, the acquisition and transmission device being connected to the optical fiber, and the acquisition and transmission device being configured to acquire the signal transmitted by the optical fiber.

3. The rock and soil structure acousto-optic monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein There are a plurality of the acoustic emission monitoring components, and the plurality of acoustic emission monitoring components are connected in series. Each inner tube body includes a first end portion and a second end portion. The second end portion of the inner tube body of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components is connected to the first end portion of the inner tube body of the other. At least a part of the optical fiber is disposed inside the plurality of inner tube bodies of the plurality of acoustic emission monitoring components, and the end of the optical fiber extends out from the end of the inner tube body of the acoustic emission monitoring component located outside the rock and soil body and is connected to the acquisition and transmission device.

4. The rock and soil structure acoustic - optical monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein, At least one of the first end portion and the second end portion of the inner tube body is provided with a connecting thread.

5. The rock and soil body structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein The outer surface of the first end portion of the inner tube body has a first thread, and the outer surface of the second end portion of the inner tube body has a second thread; The two inner tube bodies of two adjacent acoustic emission monitoring components are connected by a connecting nut connected to the second thread and the first thread.

6. The rock and soil structure acoustic-optic monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second end portion of the inner tube body of one of the adjacent two acoustic emission monitoring components extends into the second end portion of the inner tube body of the other and is threadedly connected thereto.

7. The rock and soil body structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein A fixing plate is provided on one of the plurality of acoustic emission monitoring components located outside the rock and soil body, and the acquisition and transmission device is provided on the fixing plate; A winding column for winding the optical fiber is provided on the fixing plate.

8. The rock and soil structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The acquisition and transmission device includes a photoelectric converter, a preamplifier, and an acquisition card connected in sequence, and the optical fiber is connected to the photoelectric converter.

9. The rock and soil body structure acoustic and optical monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein A coupling agent covering the optical fiber is filled in the inner tube body; The filled particulate matter is hard solid particles; The outer tube body is a flexible tube, and the inner tube body is a metal tube.

10. The rock and soil structure acoustic-optic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each acoustic emission monitoring component includes a first annular metal cover and a second annular metal cover. The outer edges of the first annular metal cover and the second annular metal cover are connected to the outer tube body, the inner edges of the first annular metal cover and the second annular metal cover are connected to the inner tube body, and the cavity is formed between the first annular metal cover and the second annular metal cover and the outer tube body and the inner tube body.

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