Hydrogen fuel cell power generation system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation system comprises a frame and at least one fuel cell assembly arranged on the frame, the fuel cell assembly comprises: a double-stack unit; a first heat exchanger; the system comprises a first electromagnetic valve, a proportional valve, an ejector, a water-gas separation unit, a one-way pipeline structure, an expansion water tank, a second heat exchanger and a water pump, a water outlet of the water pump is connected with a water inlet of the first heat exchanger through a deionizer, and a corresponding water outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with a water inlet end of the water pump through a thermostat; the second air inlet port is sequentially connected with a filter screen, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier. Through reasonable design of the system structure, chemical energy of hydrogen, oxygen and deionized water is directly converted into electric energy, recycling of double-electric-pile output complementary energy is achieved, and the energy utilization rate of the system is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of power generation systems, and particularly relates to a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is a new emerging energy after green electricity such as photovoltaic and wind power. Green hydrogen energy can realize multiple functions such as renewable energy utilization, peak shaving and valley filling, and combined heat and power supply, bringing huge energy conservation and environmental protection benefits. It can save thousands of tons of standard coal per year and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about two thousand tons. Hydrogen energy is an important provider of the new generation of power systems in the new energy transformation and has important historical significance for building a new power system with new energy as the main body. Since the important component of hydrogen energy, the fuel cell, can directly convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy, it does not have the energy form change through boilers, steam turbines, and generators like ordinary thermal power plants, can avoid conversion losses during the heat exchange process, reach the city power efficiency, and quickly meet the basic needs of the national power grid for peak regulation through large-scale hydrogen fuel power stations.

[0003] Currently, the frame-type hydrogen fuel cell power generation system has low energy utilization efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In order to solve the problem of low energy utilization efficiency of fuel cells in the existing method, the utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, which can improve the energy utilization efficiency.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, including a frame and at least one fuel cell assembly arranged on the frame; the fuel cell assembly includes:

[0007] A dual stack unit;

[0008] A first air inlet port for providing nitrogen and hydrogen;

[0009] A cooling water inlet port for providing cooling water;

[0010] A deionized water inlet port for providing deionized water;

[0011] A second air inlet port for providing air;

[0012] A first heat exchanger for realizing heat exchange between the gas at the first air inlet port and deionized water;

[0013] A first solenoid valve, a proportional valve and an ejector sequentially connected between an air outlet of the first heat exchanger and the dual stack unit;

[0014] A water-gas separation unit for separating water and gas from the output of the double fuel cell stack unit;

[0015] A one-way pipeline structure for unidirectionally transporting the gas separated by the water-gas separation unit to the ejector;

[0016] An expansion tank communicated with the deionized water inlet port;

[0017] A second heat exchanger for realizing heat energy exchange between deionized water and cooling water;

[0018] A water pump for transporting the deionized water output by the second heat exchanger to the double fuel cell stack unit. The water outlet of the water pump is communicated with the expansion tank through an exhaust needle valve. The water outlet of the water pump is connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger through a deionizer, and the corresponding outlet of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the water inlet end of the water pump through a thermostat;

[0019] The second air inlet port is sequentially connected with a filter, a flow meter, an air compressor, an intercooler and a humidifier. An air outlet of the humidifier is connected to the air inlet port of the double fuel cell stack unit through a three-way valve. The air outlet end of the double fuel cell stack unit is connected to the humidifier through a back pressure valve. The humidifier is connected to the air compressor through a first water separator. A DCDC unit is connected between the intercooler and the cooling water inlet port.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] Through the rational design of the system structure, the present invention directly realizes the direct conversion of the chemical energy of hydrogen, oxygen and deionized water into electric energy, and also realizes the recovery and utilization of the surplus energy output by the double fuel cell stack, effectively improving the energy utilization rate of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first part of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the second part of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system of the present invention from a perspective;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system of the present utility model from another perspective. Specific embodiments

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model to be protected, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the product of this utility model is usually placed, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "arrangement", "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present utility model discloses a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. As shown in Figure 1 , 2 , Figures 3 and 4, the system includes a frame 1 and at least one fuel cell assembly arranged on the frame. Among them, the fuel cell assembly includes: a dual-stack unit 3; a first intake port 64 for supplying nitrogen and hydrogen; a cooling water inlet port 62 for supplying cooling water; a deionized water inlet port 63 for supplying deionized water; a second intake port 61 for supplying air; a first heat exchanger 21 for realizing heat exchange between the gas at the first intake port and deionized water; a first solenoid valve 22, a proportional valve 23, and an ejector 24 connected in sequence between an outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 and the dual-stack unit 3; a water-gas separation unit for separating water and gas from the output of the dual-stack unit 3; a one-way pipeline structure for unidirectionally transporting the gas separated by the water-gas separation unit to the ejector 24; an expansion tank 31 communicated with the deionized water inlet port; a second heat exchanger 33 for realizing heat exchange between deionized water and cooling water; a water pump 34 for transporting the deionized water output from the second heat exchanger 33 to the dual-stack unit 3. The outlet of the water pump 34 is communicated with the expansion tank 31 through an exhaust needle valve 32, and the outlet of the water pump 34 is connected to an inlet of the first heat exchanger 21 through a deionizer 35, and the corresponding outlet of the first heat exchanger 21 is communicated with the inlet end of the water pump 34 through a thermostat 36; the second intake port is sequentially connected with a filter screen 41, a flow meter 42, an air compressor 43, an intercooler 44, and a humidifier 45. An outlet of the humidifier 45 is connected to the air intake port of the dual-stack unit 3 through a three-way valve 48. The gas outlet end of the dual-stack unit 3 is connected to the humidifier 45 through a back pressure valve 46. The humidifier 45 is connected to the air compressor through a first water separator 47. A DCDC unit 49 is connected between the intercooler 44 and the cooling water inlet port.

[0034] With the above system structure, an air path, a hydrogen path, a nitrogen path, and a water path are respectively constructed for the dual-stack, realizing the independent power generation function of the single-system hydrogen fuel cell.

[0035] To improve safety and facilitate assembly, at least 4 locking casters are provided at the bottom of the frame 1. The frame 1 has three layers. Among them, the air compressor 43 and the intercooler 44 are fixed to the bottom layer by the first bracket 51, and the ejector is fixed to the bottom layer by the ejector bracket 53; the dual stack unit 3 is arranged on the middle layer through the second bracket 52; the DCDC unit 49 is fixed to the top layer.

[0036] The system of this solution adopts a frame structure, which is convenient for assembly and expansion according to the required power, and the total power generation is regulated according to the cumulative output power of a single system.

[0037] Adopting a frame structure and setting it in layers is conducive to improving the safety of the system while facilitating disassembly and assembly.

[0038] To simplify the structure, the one-way pipeline structure includes a connecting pipeline and a one-way valve 25 arranged on the connecting pipeline.

[0039] There are many ways to implement the water-gas separation unit. To facilitate the monitoring of the state of the water-gas separation unit, the water-gas separation unit includes a second water separator 261, a liquid level sensor 262 for detecting the water level in the second water separator, a drain valve 263 arranged at the water outlet of the second water separator, and an exhaust valve 264 arranged at the gas outlet of the second water separator. A circulation pump 265 is arranged between the gas outlet of the second water separator and the output end of the ejector 24; the circulation pump is arranged on the middle layer and is specifically fixed to the middle layer through the circulation pump bracket 54.

[0040] The liquid level sensor is used to monitor the water level of the second water separator. When the water level exceeds the threshold, the drain valve 263 is controlled to open in time to improve the safety of the system. The circulation pump 265 is conducive to the secondary utilization of the surplus gas, improving the utilization rate, and the setting of the exhaust valve is beneficial to improving the safety of the system. While realizing gas mixing, the ejector increases the gas flow rate. The setting of the circulation pump further improves the energy utilization rate.

[0041] An exhaust pipeline is connected to the output end of the ejector 24, and a safety valve 266 is arranged on the exhaust pipeline.

[0042] To facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the dual stack unit 3, a flow strip is arranged at the bottom of the second bracket.

[0043] The above system can be used according to the peak and valley demand of the national grid during different periods of electricity consumption. The power grid often needs to start fast and relatively flexible power stations for peak shifting regulation. The modular power generation device of the hydrogen fuel cell single system only needs to provide hydrogen, air, water or nitrogen to meet the power generation conditions, and then use a single system modular integrated medium-sized hydrogen fuel power generation system, that is, a container power generation system. The medium-sized hydrogen fuel power generation system is modularly expanded to a large hydrogen fuel cell power generation system to provide flexible power supply for the grid during the valley. For example, a total of 6 groups of the above systems can be connected side by side inside the container body to form a 2.5MW medium-sized container-type power generation unit, and 80 medium-sized container-type power generation units can be connected in series to form a 200MW large-scale power generation unit. The large-scale power generation unit is uniformly regulated by the central control room and then incorporated into the national grid to meet the peak and valley regulation needs of the national grid. It has been applied to the field of energy storage projects in which a large hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is composed of a single hydrogen fuel system.

[0044] The above system structure is easy to install and maintain, easy to expand, and the power generation can be intelligently controlled according to the cumulative demand of the single system, which is convenient and practical. In addition, the modularly designed hydrogen fuel cell single system also has the following advantages: (1) A small single system can work independently to generate electricity, and it is easy to control when it is put into or cut out; (2) A medium-sized container system can also work independently to generate electricity, and it is easy to control when it is put into or cut out; (3) A large modular container system can put in or cut out one or more medium-sized container power generation systems; (4) The large modular container power generation system can maintain high efficiency even when part of the load cannot work after being removed, and it is convenient to maintain; (5) Since the output power unit is determined by the output power of the single system of the stack, the unit capacity has freedom, and the power generation can be increased or decreased in time; (5) The load responsiveness of the fuel cell body is good and convenient to control; (6) The emission of NOX and SOX is small, which is beneficial to environmental protection and is an absolute clean energy. It meets the current peak and valley power consumption of the national power grid in North my country, and uses a large hydrogen fuel cell system to reduce peaks and fill valleys to ensure that residents' daily electricity consumption is not affected.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, comprising a frame (1) and at least one fuel cell assembly disposed on the frame; characterized in that, The fuel cell assembly comprises: Dual stack unit (3); a first gas inlet port for providing nitrogen and hydrogen; A cooling water inlet port for providing cooling water; a deionized water inlet port for providing deionized water; a second air inlet port for providing air; A first heat exchanger (21) for achieving heat energy exchange between the gas at the first air inlet port and deionized water; A first solenoid valve (22), a proportional valve (23) and an ejector (24) connected in sequence between an outlet of the first heat exchanger (21) and the dual stack unit (3); A water-gas separation unit for separating water and gas from the output of the dual-fuel stack unit (3); a one-way pipeline structure for unidirectionally conveying the gas separated by the water-gas separation unit to the ejector (24); an expansion water tank (31) connected to the deionized water inlet port; A second heat exchanger (33) for exchanging heat energy between deionized water and cooling water; A water pump (34) for conveying deionized water outputted from the second heat exchanger (33) to the dual-fuel stack unit (3), wherein the water outlet of the water pump (34) is connected to the expansion water tank (31) via an exhaust needle valve (32), the water outlet of the water pump (34) is connected to a water inlet of the first heat exchanger (21) via a deionizer (35), and the corresponding water outlet of the first heat exchanger (21) is connected to the water inlet of the water pump (34) via a thermostat (36); The second air inlet port is connected in sequence to a filter (41), a flow meter (42), an air compressor (43), an intercooler (44) and a humidifier (45); an air outlet of the humidifier (45) is connected to the air inlet port of the dual stack unit (3) via a three-way valve (48); an air outlet of the dual stack unit (3) is connected to the humidifier (45) via a back pressure valve (46); the humidifier (45) is connected to the air compressor via a first water separator (47); a DCDC unit (49) is connected between the intercooler (44) and the cooling water inlet port.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way pipeline structure comprises a connecting pipeline and a one-way valve (25) arranged on the connecting pipeline.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-gas separation unit comprises a second water separator (261), a liquid level sensor (262) for detecting the water level in the second water separator, a drain valve (263) arranged on the water outlet of the second water separator, and an exhaust valve (264) arranged on the air outlet of the second water separator, and a circulation pump (265) is arranged between the air outlet of the second water separator and the output end of the ejector (24); The circulation pump is arranged in the middle layer.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell power generation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the ejector (24) is connected to an exhaust pipe, and a safety valve (266) is provided on the exhaust pipe.

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