Impact crusher

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impact crusher and belongs to the field of slag processing devices. A first secondary rotor rotating around a second horizontal shaft and a second secondary rotor rotating around a third horizontal shaft are arranged in an emission area, and the first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are arranged relative to a vertical plane mirror image and rotate in opposite directions during respective use. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are synchronous with the main rotor in rotation and consistent in phase. According to the impact crusher disclosed by the utility model, after the rotation direction of the rotors is changed when the first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are alternately used, a processing material thrown by the second hammer head or the third hammer head can directly hit the side surface of one of the plurality of first hammer heads of the main rotor without additionally adjusting the phase difference between the main rotor and the secondary rotors; the situation that the phase difference between the main rotor and the secondary rotor needs to be continuously adjusted when the rotating direction is changed can be avoided, operation is easy, and machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of slag processing devices, in particular to an impact crusher. Background Art

[0002] Slag powder is a new type of admixture for high-performance concrete. It can greatly improve the strength of cement concrete, prepare ultra-high-strength cement concrete, effectively inhibit the alkali-aggregate reaction of cement concrete, significantly improve the alkali-aggregate reaction resistance and durability of cement concrete, and at the same time can also improve various properties of concrete, such as seawater erosion resistance, workability, compactness and impermeability, etc. Before mixing with concrete, the slag needs to be ground into powder to facilitate more sufficient mixing with concrete.

[0003] In the process of processing slag powder, in order to further crush the slag produced by the crusher, an impact crusher can be used. Impact crushers usually face a problem, that is, how to coordinate the high circumferential speed required for hammer crushing with the need to allow the processed material to pass through so as to be hit by the hammer head.

[0004] Known impact crushers include a smaller-diameter secondary rotor, also called a launcher, above the crushing rotor on a horizontal rotating shaft. It receives the processed material from above and also rotates around the horizontal rotating shaft, aligned on the same vertical line as the rotating shaft of the crushing rotor. This launcher rotates synchronously with the crushing rotor and rotates with an appropriate phase difference. Through the rotation of the secondary rotor, the processed material moves along a circular trajectory and is thrown towards the hammer head of the crushing rotor in an inclined direction, so as to add the speed of the processed material to the speed of the hammer head for collision and crushing. However, this impact crusher has the following disadvantages: In order to prevent the crushed processed material from being only thrown towards the armor on one side of the impact crushing area, resulting in excessive wear of the armor, it is necessary to change the rotation direction of the main rotor and the secondary rotor at intervals. However, the emission angles of the secondary rotor emitting the processed material in the forward and reverse rotation directions are also opposite. In order to ensure that the processed material emitted by the secondary rotor can be thrown towards the side of the main rotor, it is necessary to continuously adjust the phase difference between the main rotor and the secondary rotor when changing the rotation direction, resulting in complex and laborious operation and affecting the processing efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present utility model is to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies and problems existing in the prior art, and provide an impact crusher that is easy to operate and has high processing efficiency.

[0006] An embodiment of the present utility model provides an impact crusher, which includes a loading area, a launching area, and an impact crushing area that are connected in sequence. The launching area is equipped with a first secondary rotor that rotates around a second horizontal axis and a second secondary rotor that rotates around a third horizontal axis. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are arranged in a mirror image with respect to a vertical plane, and they rotate in opposite directions during their respective use periods. The first secondary rotor is equipped with a plurality of second hammers, and the second secondary rotor is equipped with a plurality of third hammers. The second hammers and the third hammers are used to receive the processing material from the loading area and throw it towards the impact crushing area below. The impact crushing area includes a main rotor that rotates around a first horizontal axis located on the vertical plane. The main rotor is equipped with a plurality of first hammers, and the first hammers are used to receive the processing material thrown by the launching area. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are synchronized and in phase with the rotation of the main rotor, so that the processing material thrown by the second hammer or the third hammer directly hits the side of one of the plurality of first hammers after being thrown.

[0007] Further, the launching area includes a first inlet and a second inlet that are arranged in a mirror image with respect to a vertical plane. The vertical central axis of the first inlet is away from the vertical plane where the second horizontal axis of the first secondary rotor is located from the side, and the vertical central axis of the second inlet is away from the vertical plane where the third horizontal axis of the second secondary rotor is located from the side.

[0008] Further, the rotation of the main rotor is reversible and can be alternately connected to the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor, so as to rotate synchronously with the connected first secondary rotor or second secondary rotor and have the same rotational speed.

[0009] Further, the first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are connected to each other through a toothed transmission device, and the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor is connected to the main rotor through another toothed transmission device.

[0010] Further, the loading area includes a hopper and a deflecting device, and the deflecting device is used to selectively guide the falling processing material to the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor.

[0011] Further, the first secondary rotor is located in a first chamber, which communicates with the impact crushing area below, communicates with the loading area of the processing material above, and is defined by a first outer wall and a first inner wall. The first outer wall extends horizontally and has a preferably J-shaped cross-section. The second secondary rotor is located in a second chamber, which communicates with the impact crushing area below, communicates with the loading area of the processing material above, and is defined by a second outer wall and a second inner wall. The second outer wall extends horizontally and has an inverted J-shaped cross-section.

[0012] Furthermore, the first outer wall includes a first vertical plane portion, a first cylindrical portion, and a first inclined plane portion, which are connected to form an integral body with a continuous surface; the second outer wall includes a second vertical plane portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a second inclined plane portion, which are connected to form an integral body with a continuous surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the first vertical plane portion is connected to the side vertical surface of the loading area and is adapted to guide the falling processed material to the first cylindrical portion; the second vertical plane portion is connected to the side vertical surface of the loading area and is adapted to guide the falling processed material to the second cylindrical portion.

[0014] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present utility model has the following beneficial effects: By providing a launch area equipped with a first secondary rotor rotating around a second horizontal axis and a second secondary rotor rotating around a third horizontal axis, the first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the vertical plane. They rotate in opposite directions during their respective use periods. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are synchronized and in phase with the rotation of the main rotor. Thus, when the rotation direction of the rotor is changed during the alternate use of the first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor, it is not necessary to additionally adjust the phase difference between the main rotor and the secondary rotor to ensure that the processed material thrown by the second hammer head or the third hammer head can directly hit the side of one of the multiple first hammer heads of the main rotor. Therefore, it is possible to avoid continuously adjusting the phase difference between the main rotor and the secondary rotor when changing the rotation direction, thereby making the operation of the impact crusher simple and improving the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a vertical plane sectional view of the impact crusher in the first use configuration.

[0016] Figure 2 is a vertical plane sectional view of the impact crusher in the second use configuration.

[0017] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a transmitter chamber.

[0018] Among them, 1 - impact crusher; 2 - impact crushing area; 3 - emission area; 4 - loading area; 20 - hammer crusher; 21 - main rotor; 22 - first hammer head; 23 - armor; 30a - first inlet; 31a - first secondary rotor; 32a - second hammer head; 33a - first chamber; 34a - first outer wall; 35a - first vertical plane part; 36a - first cylindrical part; 37a - first inclined plane part; 38a - first inner wall; 39a - first outlet; 30b - second inlet; 31b - second secondary rotor; 32b - third hammer head; 33b - second chamber; 34b - second outer wall; 35b - second vertical plane part; 36b - second cylindrical part; 37b - second inclined plane part; 38b - second inner wall; 39b - second outlet; 41 - loading hopper; 42 - third inlet; 43a - third outlet; 43b - fourth outlet; 44 - diverter. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings. The following introduces a relatively optimal one among multiple possible embodiments of the present utility model, aiming to provide a basic understanding of the present utility model, but not aiming to identify the key or decisive elements of the present utility model or limit the scope to be protected.

[0020] As Figures 1-3 shown, an impact crusher 1 provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model is of the horizontal axis type, and includes an impact crushing area 2, an emission area 3, and a loading area 4 for processing materials. The processing materials are inert materials such as slag.

[0021] The impact crushing area 2 includes a substantially cylindrical chamber, a hammer crusher 20 located inside the chamber, and armor 23 arranged along the chamber wall. The hammer crusher 20 includes a main rotor 21 that can rotate relative to a first horizontal axis H1, and a plurality of first hammer heads 22 are fixed thereon and are evenly angularly distributed along the periphery of the main rotor 21. In the shown case, there are two first hammer heads 22, so they are fixed at an angular distance of 180°, that is, at diametrically opposite positions of the main rotor 21. Preferably, the first hammer head 22 has a shovel shape and widens when away from the first horizontal axis H1, thereby defining an inclined surface relative to the radial direction. The rotation of the hammer mill 20 is reversible, that is, it is driven by a motor to rotate in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction according to a command set by the user.

[0022] The emission zone 3 is vertically located above the impact crushing zone 2 and below the loading zone 4 of the processing material. The emission zone 3 includes at least one first secondary rotor 31a, and the first secondary rotor 31a is equipped with a plurality of second hammers 32a, and these second hammers are evenly angularly distributed along the perimeter of the secondary rotor 31a. In the shown case, the first secondary rotor 31a is equipped with two second hammers 32a, so they are fixed at an angular interval of 180°, that is, at diametrically opposite positions of the first secondary rotor 31a.

[0023] The diameter of the first secondary rotor 31a is smaller than the diameter of the main rotor 21. The ratio of the two diameters depends on the particle size of the processing material to be crushed and can be well-known in the art. For example, the ratio can be 4 for input materials with a maximum particle size of about 30 mm, or it can be less than 4 but greater than 1 for larger particle sizes.

[0024] The first secondary rotor 31a rotates around a second horizontal axis H2, which is parallel to the first horizontal axis H1 and together with the latter defines a geometric plane P2 that is inclined with respect to the vertical plane V1, that is, forms an angle greater than zero degrees with the vertical plane V1.

[0025] The first secondary rotor 31a is located in the first chamber 33a, which communicates with the impact crushing zone 2 located below, communicates with the loading zone 4 of the processing material located above, and is bounded by a first outer wall 34a and a first inner wall 38a, and these walls are mounted on the frame of the impact crusher 1 and define a first inlet 30a for receiving the processing material from the loading zone 4 and define a first outlet 39a for launching the processing material towards the first hammer 22 of the main rotor 21.

[0026] The vertical central axis V2 of the first inlet 30a preferably deviates from the geometric vertical plane where the second horizontal axis H2 of the first secondary rotor 31a is located from the side, so that the processing material does not directly fall on the central part of the first secondary rotor 31a but on its perimeter, especially at the trajectory where the second hammer 32a travels downward.

[0027] The first outer wall 34a extends in the horizontal direction (i.e., parallel to the second horizontal axis H2), and has a preferably "J"-shaped cross-section, that is, it has a first vertical plane portion 35a, a first cylindrical portion 36a, and a first inclined plane portion 37a, which are connected to form a continuously smooth surface. The first vertical plane portion 35a is substantially connected to the vertical side surface of the loading area 4 and is adapted to guide the falling processed material to the first cylindrical portion 36a. The first cylindrical portion 36a of the first outer wall 34a is substantially the surface of a cylindrical section, and its radius is substantially equal to the radius of the first secondary rotor 31a to prevent the processed material from getting stuck between the second hammer 32a and the first outer wall 34a. For the same reason, the first inner wall 38a also presents a cylindrical portion at a position diametrically opposite to the first cylindrical portion 36a, and its radius of curvature is substantially equal to the radius of the first secondary rotor 31a. The first inclined plane portion 37a of the first outer wall 34a defines a ramp for launching the processed material onto the first hammer 22 of the main rotor 21 and is substantially inclined along the launching trajectory of the processed material.

[0028] The impact crusher 1 according to the present utility model preferably has a pair of secondary rotors, which have horizontal rotation axes and are used alternately, that is, it further includes a second secondary rotor 31b, preferably the same as the first secondary rotor 31a described above. In the second use configuration of the impact mill 1 ( Figure 2 ), it rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the first secondary rotor 31a in the first use configuration. Therefore, the first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b rotate in opposite directions during their respective use periods, that is, when they launch the processed material into the impact crushing area 2. The first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b are preferably symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical plane V1 passing through the rotation axis H1 of the main rotor 21.

[0029] The second secondary rotor 31b is mounted on the frame of the impact crusher 1, beside the first secondary rotor 31a, and its structure is preferably the same as the latter, that is, it has the same diameter and the same number and arrangement of the third hammers 32b. The second secondary rotor 31b rotates around the third horizontal axis H3, and the third horizontal axis H3 is parallel to the first horizontal axis H1 and the second horizontal axis H2. In the illustrated embodiment, together with the second horizontal axis H2 of the first secondary rotor 31a, it defines a substantially horizontal geometric plane.

[0030] The second secondary rotor 31b is located in the second chamber 33b, which communicates with the impact crushing zone 2 located below, the loading zone 4 of the processing material located above, and is defined by the second outer wall 34b and the second inner wall 38b. The second outer wall 34b and the second inner wall 38b are also mounted on the frame of the impact crusher 1 and define a second inlet 30b for receiving the processing material from the loading zone 4, and a second outlet 39b for launching the processing material towards the first hammer head 22 of the main rotor 21. The second outer wall 34b and the second inner wall 38b are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the first outer wall 34a and the first inner wall 38a with respect to the vertical plane V1 passing through the first horizontal axis H1 of the main rotor 21. In this way, the vertical central axis of the second inlet 30b is also laterally away from the geometric vertical plane where the third horizontal axis H3 of the second secondary rotor 31b is located, so that the processing material does not directly fall on the central part of the second secondary rotor 31b but on its periphery, especially at the trajectory where the third hammer head 32b travels downward.

[0031] The second outer wall 34b extends in the horizontal direction and has a preferably inverted "J" - shaped cross - section, that is, it has a second vertical plane part 35b, a second cylindrical part 36b, and a second inclined plane part 37b, which are basically the same in structure as the corresponding parts of the first outer wall 34a described above, but are arranged mirror - symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane V1.

[0032] The first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b are used alternately, that is, when the impact crusher 1 is running, only one is used to launch the falling processing material towards the first hammer head 22. The first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b can be kinematically connected to the main rotor 21 or the motor of the main rotor 21, so that one of the secondary rotors used in the first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b rotates in the same direction and at the same rotational speed as the main rotor 21, that is, the same number of revolutions per minute. As described above, the rotation of the hammer crusher 20 is reversible, so the first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b are driven by a motor (not shown), configured to be connected to the main rotor 21 and rotate in both rotational directions according to the user's command. Preferably, the first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b are interconnected by a toothed transmission device, such as a chain, and one of the secondary rotors, such as the first secondary rotor 31a or the second secondary rotor 31b, is connected to the rotating shaft of the main rotor 21 by another toothed transmission device, such as another chain.

[0033] The first secondary rotor 31a and the second secondary rotor 31b are synchronized and in phase with the rotation of the main rotor 21. During the use of the first secondary rotor 31a, the processed material thrown by the second hammer head 32a directly hits the side surface of a first hammer head 22 after being thrown. During the use of the second secondary rotor 31b, the processed material thrown by the third hammer head 32b directly hits the side surface of another first hammer head 22 that is diametrically opposite on the main rotor 21 after being thrown.

[0034] The loading area 4 of the impact crusher 1 is preferably implemented as Figure 1 and 2 shown, that is, there is a loading hopper 41. The loading hopper 41 has a third inlet 42 and third outlets 43a, fourth outlets 43b. The third outlets 43a and the fourth outlets 43b are selectively and alternately selected by a swing diverter 44, and are respectively located above the first inlet 30a and the second inlet 30b. Alternatively, a horizontally sliding trolley can be used instead of the swing diverter 44 as a deflecting device for the falling processed material. A loading hopper is installed on the trolley to selectively communicate the loading hopper with one of the first inlet 30a and the second inlet 30b.

[0035] By using the two side-by-side secondary rotors as described above, the total wear of the armor 23 of the impact crusher 1 can be reduced. In fact, by reversing the rotation direction of the main rotor 21 and using a launcher that is consistent with the current rotation direction of the main rotor 21, it is possible to avoid the processed material being impacted and broken always being thrown towards the same inner wall of the impact crushing area 2. In particular, the reversal of the main rotor 21 can be achieved by moving a manual lever connected to the diverter 44 and starting the main rotor motor in the rotation direction corresponding to the position selected by the diverter 44.

[0036] The working principle of the impact crusher according to the present utility model is as follows: From Figure 1Starting from the first use configuration shown, the swing diverter 44 is positioned to block the fourth outlet 43b, and the processed material in the loading hopper 41 is completely diverted to the third outlet 43a. The first secondary rotor 31a and the main rotor 21 rotate at the same rotational speed in the clockwise direction. Thus, the processed material vertically falls into the first chamber 33a of the first secondary rotor 31a and lands on one side of the second horizontal axis H2, so that the second hammer head 32a pushes it along a substantially circular trajectory. When it reaches the free end of the first inclined plane portion 37a, the processed material is then launched in a direction substantially tangential to the circumferential direction described by the centroid of the second hammer head 32a towards the first hammer head 22 of the hammer mill 20. After the impact, the crushed material is thrown towards the armor 23 on the side of the impact crusher 1. To reduce the wear of the armor 23, when the motor is turned off, the user moves the diverter 44 to block the third outlet 43a and open the fourth outlet 43b, reverses the rotational direction of the motor of the main rotor 21, and after startup, the second secondary rotor 31b will rotate along the reverse direction together with the main rotor 21, that is, in the counterclockwise direction as shown in Figure 2 shown, so that the crushed material will be thrown onto the armor 23 on the other side of the impact crusher 1.

[0037] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impact crusher, comprising a loading area, a launching area and an impact crushing area that are connected in sequence, characterized in that: The emission area is equipped with a first secondary rotor rotating about a second horizontal axis and a second secondary rotor rotating about a third horizontal axis. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are arranged in a mirror image with respect to the vertical plane and rotate in opposite directions during their respective use. The first secondary rotor is equipped with a plurality of second hammers, and the second secondary rotor is equipped with a plurality of third hammers. The second hammers and the third hammers are used to receive the processing material from the loading area and throw it towards the impact crushing area below. The impact crushing area includes a main rotor rotating about a first horizontal axis located on the vertical plane. The main rotor is equipped with a plurality of first hammers, and the first hammers are used to receive the processing material thrown by the emission area. The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are synchronized and in phase with the rotation of the main rotor, so that the processing material thrown by the second hammer or the third hammer directly hits the side of one of the plurality of first hammers after being thrown.

2. The impact crusher according to claim 1, wherein: The emission area includes a first inlet and a second inlet arranged in a mirror image with respect to the vertical plane. The vertical central axis of the first inlet is laterally away from the vertical plane where the second horizontal axis of the first secondary rotor is located, and the vertical central axis of the second inlet is laterally away from the vertical plane where the third horizontal axis of the second secondary rotor is located.

3. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation of the main rotor is reversible and can be alternately connected to the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor to rotate synchronously with the connected first secondary rotor or second secondary rotor and have the same rotational speed.

4. The impact crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first secondary rotor and the second secondary rotor are connected to each other by a toothed transmission device, and the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor is connected to the main rotor by another toothed transmission device.

5. The impact mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading area includes a hopper and a deflecting device, and the deflecting device is used to selectively guide the falling processing material to the first secondary rotor or the second secondary rotor.

6. The impact crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first secondary rotor is located in a first chamber, which communicates with the impact crushing area below, communicates with the loading area of the processing material above, and is defined by a first outer wall and a first inner wall. The first outer wall extends horizontally and has a preferably J-shaped cross-section. The second secondary rotor is located in a second chamber, which communicates with the impact crushing area below, communicates with the loading area of the processing material above, and is defined by a second outer wall and a second inner wall. The second outer wall extends horizontally and has an inverted J-shaped cross-section.

7. The impact mill according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first outer wall includes a first vertical plane portion, a first cylindrical portion, and a first inclined plane portion, which are connected to form a continuous surface as a whole. The second outer wall includes a second vertical plane portion, a second cylindrical portion, and a second inclined plane portion, which are connected to form a continuous surface as a whole.

8. The impact crusher according to claim 7, wherein: The first vertical plane portion is connected to a side vertical surface of the loading area and is adapted to guide falling processed material to the first cylindrical portion; the second vertical plane portion is connected to a side vertical surface of the loading area and is adapted to guide falling processed material to the second cylindrical portion.

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