Shore crane operation self-guiding device and shore crane operation device
Through the integration of the guide driving mechanism and the height detection device, the precise guidance and locking of the container spreader in the cabin is achieved, solving the problems of difficulty and safety risks in the prior art, and improving loading and unloading efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422248638.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-13
AI Technical Summary
During the entry of the container, existing container spreaders are affected by wave swaying, strong winds blowing and camera response delays, which leads to difficulties in entering the cabin and safety risks. The linkage mechanism is not accurate enough and prone to deform, making it difficult to achieve efficient and reliable loading and unloading operations.
The guide driving mechanism, height detection device, PLC and position sensor are adopted, and the hydraulic cylinder driving guide plate mechanism is cooperated with the guide rail sliding mechanism to achieve accurate guidance and locking of the container spreader, and automatic operation is achieved in combination with the lock hook.
It improves the guidance and loading and unloading efficiency of container spreaders in the cabin, reduces manual intervention, reduces safety risks, and improves operational reliability and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223150044U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of container spreaders, in particular to a quay crane operation self-guiding device and a quay crane operation device. Background Art
[0002] With the enlargement of ships and the increase of labor and material costs, higher requirements are put forward for the loading and unloading efficiency of port quay cranes. At present, whether it is a traditional container terminal or an automated container terminal at home and abroad, when the ship unloader spreader of the quay crane enters the cabin, due to factors such as the swaying of the ship with the waves, the deflection of the spreader blown by the strong wind, and the collision between the spreader and the ship's guide groove, the working conditions of the spreader entering the cabin are poor, and it is difficult for the spreader to enter the cabin. At the same time, due to the influence of the remote control response delay of the camera for the remote-controlled quay crane, the controllability of the spreader is poor, resulting in difficulty in entering the cabin. One person is still required to command on-site, which poses a safety risk, and there has been a personnel falling into the cabin accident.
[0003] With the increasing daily throughput of port containers, an efficient and reliable container spreader becomes particularly important. A new type of spreader self-guiding device with a self-guiding function has been developed. The new type of spreader can effectively solve the problem of low efficiency of the spreader entering the cabin by using technologies such as guiding guide plates, limit detection, and height detection. At the same time, it can eliminate personnel safety accidents, which has important practical significance for the realization of the quay crane sea side automation.
[0004] The importance of the self-guiding device of the container spreader during the process of entering the ship's cabin cannot be ignored. It can improve the loading and unloading efficiency, reduce the labor cost, increase the operation safety factor, and has a lower requirement for the operation experience of the operator.
[0005] And the link mechanism self-guiding devices tried to be applied by individual terminals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, which adopt the conventional link mechanism design and have the following disadvantages that cannot be overcome: 1. The action accuracy of the link mechanism is insufficient, resulting in poor position accuracy of the guide plate, and the state is inconsistent after each action; 2. The pin shafts connected by the links all bear huge operation impact forces, and are prone to deformation or wear; 3. Bearing lateral impact forces, the link mechanism is prone to distortion, making the function of the entire mechanism fail. Summary of the Utility Model
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a quay crane operation self-guiding device and a quay crane operation device to overcome the problems in the prior art.
[0007] One aspect of the utility model provides a quay crane operation self-guiding device, and the self-guiding device is installed on the spreader.
[0008] The quay crane operation self-guiding device includes a guiding driving mechanism, a height detection device, a PLC and a position sensor.
[0009] The guiding and driving mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a guide plate mechanism, a guiding rail sliding mechanism and a locking hook. The guide plate mechanism is connected to the guiding rail sliding mechanism through the rotating shaft. A first driving device is fixed on the spreader. One end of the output shaft of the first driving device is hinged to the guide plate mechanism.
[0010] The guiding rail sliding mechanism includes a sliding rail seat and a sliding bottom plate for restricting the swing of the guide plate mechanism. The sliding rail seat is provided with a guiding groove in the horizontal direction. The rotating shaft is located in the guiding groove and can move along the guiding groove. The sliding bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the spreader.
[0011] The height detection device is installed in the middle of the spreader for monitoring the distance between the spreader and the container and sending out signals.
[0012] The PLC is used to receive the signals sent by the height detection device and control the retraction of the guide plate mechanism.
[0013] The position sensor is installed on the spreader for monitoring the position of the guide plate mechanism and feeding back signals to the PLC.
[0014] Further, the first driving device includes a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the guide plate mechanism.
[0015] Further, the PLC is installed on the spreader.
[0016] Further, an accumulator is installed on the spreader. The accumulator is connected to the first driving device through a one-way valve.
[0017] Further, the spreader includes a locking hook. The guide plate mechanism is provided with a groove for accommodating the locking hook.
[0018] Further, at least two parallel guide rails are provided on the sliding bottom plate.
[0019] Further, the sliding bottom plate is welded to the bottom of the spreader.
[0020] Further, the guide plate mechanism is provided with an inclined surface.
[0021] Another aspect of the present utility model provides a quay crane operation device for a quay crane self-guiding device, including an end cross beam, an upper frame and a spreader. The end cross beam is arranged at the bottom of the spreader. The spreader is arranged at the bottom of the upper frame. The upper frame is connected to a crane.
[0022] Further, the quay crane operation device further includes a second driving device. The second driving device drives the locking hook of the spreader to reciprocally rotate by 90°.
[0023] Advantages of the present utility model:
[0024] The present utility model provides a self - guiding device for quay crane operation and a quay crane operation device. The self - guiding device for quay crane operation can lock the position where the container is grabbed, and then the locking hook can lock the container tightly, improving the loading and unloading efficiency. The principle is that the self - guiding device of the present utility model can cooperate with the guiding groove inside the cabin, increasing the guiding distance of the container spreader inside the cabin. At the same time, the self - guiding device for quay crane operation of the present utility model increases the guiding property of the container spreader when entering and leaving the cabin, reducing the contact with the inside of the cabin, thereby preventing the occurrence of jamming problems. Description of the Drawings
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following - described drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the link - mechanism self - guiding device in the background technology;
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the link - mechanism self - guiding device when it is working in the background technology;
[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the guide - plate mechanism in the self - guiding device for quay crane operation provided by the present utility model;
[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram when the guide - plate mechanism in the self - guiding device for quay crane operation provided by the present utility model is retracted;
[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the guide - plate mechanism in the self - guiding device for quay crane operation provided by the present utility model;
[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the normal working state of the quay crane operation device provided by the present utility model;
[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: end cross - beam 1, container 2, upper frame 3, spreader 4, hydraulic cylinder 5, piston rod 6, guide - plate mechanism 7, rotating shaft 8, sliding bottom plate 9, sliding track seat 10, guiding groove 11, position sensor 12, height detection device 13, guide - plate sliding mechanism 14, locking hook 15. Detailed Embodiments
[0033] The technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0034] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.
[0035] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0036] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the present utility model provides a self-guiding device for quay crane operation. The self-guiding device is installed on the spreader 4. The self-guiding device for quay crane operation includes a guiding drive mechanism, a height detection device 13, a PLC, and a position sensor 12.
[0037] The guiding drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft 8, a guide plate mechanism 7, a guiding rail sliding mechanism, and a locking hook 15. The guide plate mechanism 7 is connected to the guiding rail sliding mechanism through the rotating shaft 8. A first driving device is fixed on the spreader 4, and one end of the output shaft of the first driving device is hinged to the guide plate mechanism 7.
[0038] The guiding rail sliding mechanism includes a sliding track seat 10 and a sliding bottom plate 9 for restricting the swing of the guide plate mechanism 7. The sliding track seat 10 is provided with a guiding groove 11 in the horizontal direction. The rotating shaft 8 is located in the guiding groove 11, and the rotating shaft 8 can move along the guiding groove 11. The first driving device drives the guide plate to move left and right in the guide plate sliding mechanism 14. When the guide plate mechanism 7 is at the leftmost end of the sliding track seat 10, the guide plate is in the guiding state, and when it is at the rightmost end, it is in the retracted state. The sliding bottom plate 9 is fixed to the bottom of the spreader 4.
[0039] The height detection device 13 is installed in the middle of the spreader 4, used to monitor the distance between the spreader 4 and the container 2, and send out signals; the height detection device 13 realizes intelligent control by detecting the height of the spreader 4 and intelligently controlling the switching of the working state and the retracted state of the guiding mechanism;
[0040] The PLC is used to receive the signals sent by the height detection device 13, and control the retraction of the guide plate mechanism 7. The PLC can also control the lowering of the guide plate mechanism 7;
[0041] The position sensor 12 is installed on the spreader 4, used to monitor the position of the guide plate mechanism 7, and feedback signals to the PLC. Through the position sensor 12, the state of the mechanism can be accurately monitored, interacted with the main control in real time, and intelligent early warning can be carried out to improve the safety of operations.
[0042] In some embodiments, the first driving device includes a hydraulic cylinder 5, and one end of the piston rod 6 in the hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the guide plate mechanism 7; in specific implementations, the first driving device is not limited to the hydraulic cylinder 5, as long as it can drive the guide plate mechanism 7 to rotate.
[0043] In some embodiments, the PLC is installed on the spreader 4, and the installation position can also be adjusted as needed.
[0044] In some embodiments, an accumulator is installed on the spreader 4. The accumulator is connected to the first driving device through a one-way valve. By using the accumulator to increase the action speed, the rapid action of the mechanism under a low-power system is realized, avoiding the need for high power of the power unit and achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
[0045] In some embodiments, the spreader 4 includes a locking hook 15, and a groove for accommodating the locking hook 15 is provided on the guide plate mechanism 7.
[0046] In some embodiments, at least two parallel guide rails are provided on the sliding bottom plate 9.
[0047] In some embodiments, the sliding bottom plate 9 is welded to the bottom of the spreader 4.
[0048] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the guide plate mechanism 7 is provided with an inclined surface.
[0049] In specific implementation, four sets of the quay crane operation self-guiding device of the present utility model are installed at the four corners of the spreader 4 of the container 2. A height detection device 13 is installed in the middle of the spreader 4. When the spreader 4 enters the cabin, when various factors cause the spreader 4 to be stuck with the cabin and result in an inclination trend, the guide plate mechanism 7 plays a self-guiding role on the cabin through the self-guiding inclined plane, greatly reducing the risk of the spreader 4 being stuck in the cabin guide groove. When the spreader 4 slides down in the guide groove and approaches the container 2, the guide plate mechanism 7 is always in the lower stop position. The height detection device 13 continuously monitors the distance between the spreader 4 and the container 2. When the distance reaches the minimum threshold value, the height detection device 13 sends a signal to the PLC of the spreader 4, and the PLC controls the guide plate mechanism 7 to retract until the position sensor 12 has a signal. Before the subsequent spreader 4 is lowered until the next cycle starts, the PLC always monitors the signal of the position sensor 12 to ensure that the position sensor 12 is always in the triggered state.
[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, a quay crane operation device is provided, including an end crossbeam 1, an upper frame 3, and a spreader 4. The end crossbeam 1 is disposed at the bottom of the spreader 4, the spreader 4 is disposed at the bottom of the upper frame 3, and the upper frame 3 is connected to a crane. The quay crane operation device further includes a second driving device, and the second driving device drives the locking hook 15 of the spreader 4 to rotate reciprocally by 90°.
[0051] In specific implementation, the spreader 4 is connected to the upper frame 3 and is connected to the main crane through a steel wire rope. After the spreader 4 is accurately positioned with the container 2 through the guiding mechanism installed in the end crossbeam 1, it is fixed to the container 2 through the locking hook 15 to achieve the purpose of lifting the container 2. The locking hook 15 is a locking member for the container spreader 4 to connect with the container 2, and is used for lifting the container 2. It is installed at the bottom of the spreader 4. When the guide plate mechanism 7 is in the retracted state, the locking hook 15 is in an unobstructed state. After the spreader 4 falls on the container 2, the locking hook 15 is used to lift the container 2. A groove is formed in the middle of the guide plate mechanism 7 to avoid the locking hook 15, preventing interference with the locking hook 15 when the self-guiding device is in the vertical state.
[0052] The working process of the quay crane operation self-guiding device provided by the present utility model is as follows:
[0053] First, the crane drives the upper frame 3 and the spreader 4 above the area where the container 2 needs to be grabbed. When there is a signal from the horizontal position sensor 12 of the self-guiding device, the distance between the spreader 4 of the container 2 and the container 2 is judged by the height sensor. After the distance reaches a certain height, the self-guiding device automatically enters the vertical state. At this time, there is a signal from the position sensor 12 in the vertical state, and the spreader 4 continues to descend into the cabin. The height sensor continuously monitors the height distance state. When the distance reaches the lower limit position, the action of the self-guiding device is automatically triggered, and the self-guiding device changes from the vertical state to the horizontal state. At this time, there is a signal from the horizontal position sensor 12, and an action cycle ends until the next reciprocating action starts again. During this period, there is a signal from the horizontal position sensor 12. The connecting rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 extends, and the guide plate mechanism 7 moves from the rightmost end to the leftmost end of the sliding mechanism. During this process, the guide mechanism slowly changes from the retracted state to the vertical state, and at this time, the guiding preparation action is completed. The connecting rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 continues to extend until it reaches the leftmost side of the sliding mechanism. At this time, the guide plate mechanism 7 is in a fully vertical state, that is, the working state, and the guiding action can be carried out.
[0054] After the spreader 4 descends to a certain position and completes the guiding action, the hydraulic cylinder 5 retracts, and the guide plate mechanism 7 moves from the leftmost end to the rightmost end. During this process, the guide plate mechanism 7 gradually changes from the vertical state to the horizontal state. When it reaches the rightmost side of the sliding mechanism, the guide plate mechanism 7 is in a fully horizontal state, that is, the retracted state, and all guiding actions are completed.
[0055] The spreader 4 continues to descend until the spreader 4 completely lands on the container 2. The locking hook 15 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 5 configured separately on the spreader 4 of the container 2 to rotate reciprocally by 90 degrees, locking the spreader 4 and the container 2 together. The crane hoists, and the spreader 4 drives the container 2 to rise and move to the unloading position, completing the lifting operation.
[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic guiding device for quay crane operation, the automatic guiding device is installed on the spreader, and is characterized in that: The quay crane operation self-guiding device includes a guiding drive mechanism, a height detection device, a PLC, and a position sensor. The guiding drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a guide plate mechanism, a guiding rail sliding mechanism, and a locking hook. The guide plate mechanism is connected to the guiding rail sliding mechanism through the rotating shaft. A first driving device is fixed on the spreader. One end of the output shaft of the first driving device is hinged to the guide plate mechanism. The guiding rail sliding mechanism includes a sliding track seat and a sliding bottom plate for restricting the swing of the guide plate mechanism. The sliding track seat is provided with a guiding groove in the horizontal direction. The rotating shaft is located in the guiding groove and can move along the guiding groove. The sliding bottom plate is fixed to the bottom of the spreader. The height detection device is installed in the middle of the spreader to monitor the distance between the spreader and the container and send out a signal. The PLC is used to receive the signal sent by the height detection device and control the retraction of the guide plate mechanism. The position sensor is installed on the spreader to monitor the position of the guide plate mechanism and feedback the signal to the PLC.
2. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving device includes a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the guide plate mechanism.
3. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC is installed on the spreader.
4. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An accumulator is installed on the spreader. The accumulator is connected to the first driving device through a one-way valve.
5. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, wherein: The spreader includes a locking hook. The guide plate mechanism is provided with a groove that can accommodate the locking hook.
6. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two parallel guide rails are provided on the sliding bottom plate.
7. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding bottom plate is welded to the bottom of the spreader.
8. The shore bridge operation self-guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate mechanism is provided with an inclined surface.
9. A quay crane operation device comprising the quay crane operation self-guiding device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes an end crossbeam, an upper frame, and a spreader. The end crossbeam is arranged at the bottom of the spreader. The spreader is arranged at the bottom of the upper frame. The upper frame is connected to the crane.
10. The quay crane operating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It further includes a second driving device. The second driving device drives the locking hook of the spreader to rotate reciprocally by 90°.