Multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring auxiliary laser cladding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding auxiliary equipment, in particular to a multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring auxiliary laser cladding device. Comprising a laser cladding system and an alternating magnetic field auxiliary system, the laser cladding system drives a cladding head through a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom movement, and cladding on the surface of a workpiece is completed; the alternating magnetic field auxiliary system comprises a three-arm parallel mechanism, a distance adjusting system, an alternating magnetic field generator and a cladding platform, a workpiece is placed on the cladding platform, and the cladding platform can ascend and descend; the alternating magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism, the distance adjusting system adjusts the distance between the three-arm parallel mechanism, three arms of the three-arm parallel mechanism drive the alternating magnetic field generator to swing in a multi-dimensional mode, and multi-dimensional magnetic stirring is achieved. Multi-dimensional efficient non-contact stirring of the molten pool is achieved, and then the quality of a cladding layer is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding auxiliary equipment, in particular to a multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding device. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding equipment plays a key role in metal surface treatment and coating preparation, and is widely used in fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, and energy. Laser cladding technology heats metal powder instantaneously to above the melting point by using a laser beam with a high energy density to form a uniform and dense coating, thereby improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature performance of the substrate. However, traditional cladding process control methods are difficult to achieve precise control of coating uniformity, composition, and microstructure, resulting in instability and reliability problems of coating performance. Therefore, ideas are provided for optimizing laser cladding equipment.

[0003] In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have found that introducing an auxiliary magnetic field in laser additive manufacturing can promote the fluidity of the molten pool, effectively refine grains, discharge pores, reduce inclusions, and reduce the probability of tissue segregation, effectively improving the quality of the cladding layer. At present, a laser cladding magnetic field-assisted device is generally built based on the electromagnetic field formed by a constant current, and the magnetic force direction is fixed. Although it can have a certain electromagnetic effect on the molten pool, it cannot achieve the flexible spatial movement of the magnetic poles, has poor adjustability, and cannot achieve a multi-dimensional stirring effect. At present, there is no equipment for multi-dimensional stirring-assisted laser cladding using an electromagnetic field, and this field is still blank.

[0004] Therefore, how to use the alternating electromagnetic field generated by exciting a coil with an alternating current as a magnetic source to perform multi-dimensional and highly efficient non-contact stirring on the molten pool has become a technical problem to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding device. It is a mechanical lightweight multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field cladding-assisted device that realizes using the alternating electromagnetic field generated by exciting a coil with an alternating current as a magnetic source to perform multi-dimensional and highly efficient non-contact stirring on the molten pool, thereby effectively improving the quality of the cladding layer.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding device includes a laser cladding system and an alternating magnetic field assisting system; the laser cladding system drives a cladding head through a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom movement and complete the cladding of the workpiece surface; the alternating magnetic field assisting system includes a three-arm parallel mechanism, a distance adjustment system, an alternating magnetic field generator, and a cladding platform. The workpiece is placed on the cladding platform, and the cladding platform can be lifted and lowered; the alternating magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism, the distance adjustment system adjusts the distance between the three-arm parallel mechanisms, and the three arms of the three-arm parallel mechanism drive the alternating magnetic field generator to swing multi-dimensionally to achieve multi-dimensional magnetic stirring.

[0008] Further, the laser cladding system includes a robotic arm, a laser head assembly, a laser, a powder feeder, an optical fiber, a cladding head, an argon gas tank, and a delivery pipe; the laser head assembly and the cladding head are fixedly connected to the front end of the robotic arm. The powder feeder feeds the cladding material powder to the front end of the cladding head, argon gas is transported from the argon gas tank to the front end of the cladding head through the delivery pipe, and the beam generated by the laser is transported to the front end of the cladding head through the optical fiber.

[0009] Further, the robotic arm includes a fixed base, a large arm, and a small arm. The large arm and the fixed base form a rotating pair through a bearing, the small arm and the large arm form a rotating pair through a bearing, and the laser head assembly and the cladding head are hinged to the front end of the small arm.

[0010] Further, the alternating magnetic field assisting system includes a three-arm parallel mechanism, a distance adjustment system, an alternating magnetic field generator, a cladding platform, and a hydraulic lifting mechanism; the distance adjustment system uses a lead screw drive system. The three-arm parallel mechanism is installed on a horizontal moving slideway. The lead screw drive system is connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism and drives the three-arm parallel mechanism to move along the horizontal moving slideway. The alternating magnetic field generator is installed on the three-arm parallel mechanism; the cladding platform is connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism drives the cladding platform to lift and lower.

[0011] Further, the three-arm parallel mechanism includes a first drive motor, a second drive motor, a motor seat, a base, a main J-shaped arm, a driven U-shaped arm, a main U-shaped arm, an alternating magnetic field generator, and an alternating magnetic field generator frame; the alternating magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the alternating magnetic field generator frame, the motor seat is installed on the base, and the drive motor is fixedly connected to the motor seat; the first drive motor is connected to the main J-shaped arm, the main J-shaped arm is connected to the driven U-shaped arm, the driven U-shaped arm is connected to the alternating magnetic field generator frame, the alternating magnetic field generator frame is connected to the main U-shaped arm, and the main U-shaped arm is connected to the second drive motor.

[0012] Further, the alternating magnetic field generator is composed of an iron core and a winding coil, and is installed at the exact center position of the three-arm parallel mechanism, with a total of two groups; after connecting to alternating current, a continuously changing alternating magnetic field is formed at the middle position between the two iron cores, and non-contact magnetic stirring of the molten pool is realized during laser cladding.

[0013] Further, the hydraulic lifting mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder with two cylinders in parallel, and the cladding platform is fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Further, the lead screw drive system includes a lead screw drive motor, a lead screw and a nut. Two alternating magnetic field generators are respectively installed on two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms, and the two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to two nuts. The nut is in threaded engagement with the lead screw, and the lead screw drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby adjusting the distance between the two alternating magnetic field generators.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] 1. The present utility model is provided with an alternating magnetic field assisted with an adjustable distance system and a hydraulic lifting mechanism. The adjustable distance system adopts a lead screw drive system. The three-arm parallel mechanism is installed on a horizontal moving slideway. The lead screw drive system is connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism and drives the three-arm parallel mechanism to move along the horizontal moving slideway. The alternating magnetic field generator is installed on the three-arm parallel mechanism; the cladding platform is connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism drives the cladding platform to lift. By changing the distance between the alternating magnetic field generator and the workpiece in real time, and changing the position height between the laser cladding head and the workpiece during the cladding process, dynamic adjustment can be performed during the cladding of workpieces with irregular surfaces.

[0017] 2. The present utility model drives the cladding head to perform cladding through a robotic arm. The robotic arm can achieve six-degree-of-freedom movement and provide multi-angle cladding.

[0018] 3. The present utility model combines a three-arm parallel mechanism with an alternating electromagnet. During cladding, the magnetic field can perform multi-dimensional stirring, thereby better refining the crystal grains of the tissue, changing the morphology of the cladding layer, and enhancing the friction and wear performance of the cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the laser cladding system of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the alternating magnetic field assisted system of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 is another three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the alternating magnetic field assisted system of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the initial position of the three-arm parallel mechanism of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-arm parallel mechanism during cladding of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the moving arm of the three-arm parallel mechanism of the present utility model.

[0026] In the figure: 1 - control cabinet, 2 - small arm, 3 - laser head assembly, 4 - front end of the cladding head, 5 - cladding platform, 6 - alternating magnetic field generator, 7 - wire-lead screw drive system, 8 - bottom plate, 9 - lead screw drive motor, 10 - large arm, 11 - fixed base, 12 - hydraulic lifting mechanism, 13 - clad part, 14 - motor base, 15 - active J-shaped arm, 16 - driven U-shaped arm, 17 - fixed bracket for the alternating magnetic field generator, 18 - second drive motor, 19 - active U-shaped arm, 20 - base, 21 - bearing, 22 - horizontal movement slideway, 23 - first drive motor. Specific embodiments

[0027] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present utility model, but does not limit the scope of the present utility model:

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, a multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding intelligent device includes a laser cladding system, an alternating magnetic field assistance system, and a control system.

[0029] As Figure 2 shown, the laser cladding system includes a robotic arm, a laser head assembly 3, a laser, a powder feeder, an optical fiber, a cladding head, an argon gas tank, and a delivery pipe. The robotic arm includes a fixed base 11, a large arm 10, and a small arm 2. The fixed base 11 can rotate around its own axis. The large arm 10 is hinged to the fixed base 11, and the small arm 2 is hinged to the large arm 10. The laser head assembly 3 and the cladding head are fixedly connected to the front end of the small arm 2. The robotic arm has six degrees of freedom and can drive the laser head assembly 3 to achieve multi-dimensional movement in space, and can cooperate with the cladding system to generate a complete three-dimensional cladding space.

[0030] The cladding system is composed of a laser head assembly 3, the front end 4 of the cladding head, and a powder feeding device. The powder feeder feeds the cladding material powder into the front end 4 of the cladding head. Argon gas is transported from the argon gas tank to the front end 4 of the cladding head through the delivery pipe. The beam generated by the laser is transported to the front end 4 of the cladding head through the optical fiber. After being irradiated by the laser, the cladding powder material and the surface layer of the mechanical part are melted simultaneously to form a tiny molten pool. The molten pool quickly cools to form a cladding layer with a low dilution rate and metallurgical bonding with the substrate, thereby improving the surface hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the workpiece. The continuously transported argon gas serves as a protective gas to prevent the cladding material from oxidizing, and at the same time effectively inhibits the occurrence of molten pool splashing.

[0031] As Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, the alternating magnetic field assistance system includes a three-arm parallel mechanism, a lead screw drive system 7, an alternating magnetic field generator 6, a cladding platform 5, a hydraulic lifting mechanism 12, and a bottom plate 8.

[0032] The lead screw drive system includes a lead screw drive motor 9, a lead screw and a nut. The lead screw drive motor 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 8. The nut is installed on the bottom plate 8 through a bearing 21. A horizontal movement slideway 22 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate 8. Two alternating magnetic field generators 6 are respectively installed on two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms. The two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to two nuts. The nut is in threaded engagement with the lead screw. The lead screw drive motor 9 drives the lead screw to rotate, driving the three-arm parallel mechanism to move along the horizontal movement slideway 22, thereby adjusting the distance between the two alternating magnetic field generators 6 and between them.

[0033] The hydraulic lifting mechanism 12 is a double-cylinder parallel hydraulic cylinder. The cladding platform 5 is fixedly connected to the top end 5 of the hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder drives the cladding platform 5 to lift and lower.

[0034] As Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, the three-arm parallel mechanism includes a first drive motor 23, a second drive motor 18, a motor base 14, a base 20, a driving J-shaped arm 15, a driven U-shaped arm 16, a driving U-shaped arm 19, an alternating magnetic field generator 6 and an alternating magnetic field generator frame 17. The alternating magnetic field generator 6 is fixedly connected to the alternating magnetic field generator frame 17. The motor base 14 is installed on the base 20. The drive motor is installed on the motor base 14. The first drive motor 23 is connected to the driving J-shaped arm 15. The driving J-shaped arm 15 is connected to the driven U-shaped arm 16. The driven U-shaped arm 16 is connected to the alternating magnetic field generator frame 17. The alternating magnetic field generator frame 17 is connected to the driving U-shaped arm 19. The driving U-shaped arm 19 is connected to the second drive motor 18.

[0035] The rotation of the driving J-shaped arm 15 drives the driven U-shaped arm 16 to realize the pitching motion of the driven U-shaped arm 16. The connection between the driven U-shaped arm 16 and the alternating magnetic field generator frame 17 can drive it to realize horizontal rotation. The direct connection between the driving U-shaped arm 19 and the alternating magnetic field generator frame 17 can enable it to realize vertical transmission. The combination of the kinematic pairs of the three arms realizes multi-dimensional rotation within a 120° conical range. The alternating magnetic field generator frame 17 has been designed for lightweight to enable it to carry a heavier electromagnetic auxiliary mechanism, improving its load-bearing capacity, reducing the friction between components and enhancing the working life.

[0036] The control system includes a PLC controller and a control cabinet 1. The PLC controller is installed in the control cabinet 1. The PLC controller is connected and controls the robotic arm; the PLC controller is electrically connected to the hydraulic cylinder and controls the hydraulic cylinder; the PLC controller is electrically connected to the first drive motor 23 and the second drive motor 18 and controls the first drive motor 23 and the second drive motor 18; the PLC controller is connected and controls the lead screw drive motor 9 and controls the lead screw drive motor 9.

[0037] The utility model drives a cladding head to perform cladding through a robotic arm. The robotic arm can achieve six-degree-of-freedom movement and provide cladding at multiple angles.

[0038] In the cladding process of the utility model, a multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring effect is applied to the molten pool. The alternating magnetic field iron core is driven by a three-arm parallel mechanism to achieve multi-dimensional swinging, so as to realize multi-dimensional stirring of the molten metal fluid in the molten pool; during the cladding process, the distance between the two alternating electromagnets can be changed in real time, and the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity can be changed, and a suitable magnetic induction intensity can be selected for laser cladding; it affects the Marangoni convection in the molten pool, improves heat transfer and mass transfer in the cladding process, and improves the performance and quality of the cladding layer. It makes the grains in the cladding layer refined, greatly reduces cracks, is conducive to the floating of impurities and the discharge of bubbles in the molten pool, reduces the surface roughness of the cladding layer, improves the quality of the cladding layer, and enhances the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance characteristics of the surface of the parts.

[0039] The above embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the utility model, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring assisted laser cladding device, characterized in that: It includes a laser cladding system and an alternating magnetic field assisting system; the laser cladding system drives the cladding head through a six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom movement and complete the cladding of the workpiece surface; the alternating magnetic field assisting system includes a three-arm parallel mechanism, a distance adjustment system, an alternating magnetic field generator and a cladding platform, the workpiece is placed on the cladding platform, and the cladding platform can be lifted and lowered; the alternating magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism, the distance adjustment system adjusts the distance between the three-arm parallel mechanisms, and the three arms of the three-arm parallel mechanism drive the alternating magnetic field generator to swing in multiple dimensions to achieve multi-dimensional magnetic stirring.

2. The multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring assisted laser cladding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding system includes a robotic arm, a laser head assembly, a laser, a powder feeder, an optical fiber, a cladding head, an argon gas tank and a delivery pipe; the laser head assembly and the cladding head are fixedly connected to the front end of the robotic arm, the powder feeder sends the cladding material powder to the front end of the cladding head, argon gas is delivered from the argon gas tank to the front end of the cladding head through the delivery pipe, and the beam generated by the laser is delivered to the front end of the cladding head through the optical fiber.

3. The multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring assisted laser cladding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The robotic arm includes a fixed base, a large arm and a small arm, the large arm and the fixed base form a revolute pair through a bearing, the small arm and the large arm form a revolute pair through a bearing, and the laser head assembly and the cladding head are hinged to the front end of the small arm.

4. A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alternating magnetic field assisting system includes a three-arm parallel mechanism, a distance adjustment system, an alternating magnetic field generator, a cladding platform and a hydraulic lifting mechanism; the distance adjustment system adopts a lead screw drive system, the three-arm parallel mechanism is installed on a horizontal moving slideway, the lead screw drive system is connected to the three-arm parallel mechanism and drives the three-arm parallel mechanism to move along the horizontal moving slideway, and the alternating magnetic field generator is installed on the three-arm parallel mechanism; the cladding platform is connected to the hydraulic lifting mechanism, and the hydraulic lifting mechanism drives the cladding platform to be lifted and lowered.

5. A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring-assisted laser cladding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The alternating magnetic field generator is composed of an iron core and a wound coil, and is installed at the exact center position of the three-arm parallel mechanism, with a total of two groups; after connecting to alternating current, an alternating magnetic field that continuously changes is formed at the middle position between the two iron cores, and non-contact magnetic stirring of the molten pool is realized during laser cladding.

6. A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring assisted laser cladding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting mechanism is a hydraulic cylinder with two cylinders in parallel, and the cladding platform is fixedly connected to the top of the hydraulic cylinder.

7. A multi-dimensional alternating magnetic field stirring assisted laser cladding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lead screw drive system includes a lead screw drive motor, a lead screw and a nut, and two alternating magnetic field generators are respectively installed on two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms, and the two groups of three-arm parallel mechanisms are respectively fixedly connected to two nuts, and the nuts are screwed with the lead screw, the lead screw drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby adjusting the distance between the two alternating magnetic field generators.

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