Protective device for blasting orifice in frozen earth area

Abstract

The utility model discloses a frozen earth area blasting orifice protection device which comprises an orifice plugging piece, an inner barrel is arranged at the bottom of the orifice plugging piece, a push rod is arranged in the center of the orifice plugging piece in a sliding mode, and first elastic pieces are arranged at the bottom end of the push rod and the bottom of the inner barrel. A plurality of lever assemblies are evenly distributed on the side wall of the top end of the push rod in the circumferential direction, one ends of the lever assemblies are hinged to the side wall of the top end of the push rod, the middles of the lever assemblies are hinged to the top of the orifice plugging piece, and the other ends of the lever assemblies abut against the top of the orifice plugging piece. An inner expansion assembly is movably arranged on the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder and expands or contracts relative to the hole wall of the blast hole along with lifting of the push rod. The blast hole protection device can be compatible with blast holes of different specifications for plugging and can be stably plugged and fixed at a blast hole opening, the protection device is prevented from being separated from the blast hole due to impact force generated by blasting, and the plugging effect and the supporting and reinforcing effect on the blast hole are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of blasting hole protection, and relates to a blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas. Background Technique

[0002] In high-altitude and cold regions, during the process of iron ore and magnetite mining operations, due to the low temperature, the moisture in the mineral soil freezes, forming a hard frozen soil layer. In the prior art, during the process of mining iron ore and magnetite in high-altitude areas, generally, the method of drilling and blasting is adopted to break frozen rock and frozen soil, that is, small-diameter deep holes are drilled in the frozen rock and frozen soil layer, and explosives are filled in the deep holes, and the frozen rock and frozen soil are broken by blasting.

[0003] During the process of filling explosives in the blasting hole for blasting, in order to avoid the fragmented rock and soil from spraying out of the orifice of the blasting hole during the explosion process and causing danger, and at the same time avoid the impact force generated by the blasting from causing the orifice to collapse, it is usually necessary to set a protection device at the orifice of the blasting hole. The existing blasting hole protection device usually installs an internal support sleeve inside the blasting hole, and the orifice is blocked by the internal support sleeve, and at the same time, the hole wall of the orifice is supported and reinforced. However, the outer shape of the existing internal support sleeve is fixed and cannot be compatibly used for different specifications of blasting holes. And in order to ensure that the internal support sleeve can be smoothly inserted into the inside of the blasting hole, generally, the outer diameter of the internal support sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the blasting hole, so that there is still a certain gap between the internal support sleeve and the hole wall of the blasting hole, resulting in the impact force generated by the blasting driving the internal support sleeve to loosen and move, reducing the sealing reliability and support stability of the internal support sleeve for the blasting hole.

[0004] Therefore, aiming at the above defects of the existing blasting hole protection sleeve, the utility model discloses a blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas, which can be compatible with different specifications of blasting holes for blocking, and at the same time can be firmly blocked and fixed at the orifice of the blasting hole, avoiding the impact force generated by the blasting from causing the protection device to be disengaged from the blasting hole, and ensuring the blocking effect and support and reinforcement effect on the blasting hole.

[0006] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A blasting hole orifice protection device for frozen soil areas, comprising an orifice plugging member. An inner cylinder extending into the blasting hole is provided at the bottom of the orifice plugging member. A push rod is slidably arranged axially at the center of the orifice plugging member. The bottom end of the push rod extends into the inner cylinder, and a first elastic member is provided between the bottom end of the push rod and the bottom of the inner cylinder. The top end of the push rod extends above the orifice plugging member, and a plurality of groups of lever assemblies are circumferentially and evenly arranged on the side wall of the top end of the push rod. One end of the lever assembly is hinged to the side wall of the top end of the push rod, the middle of the lever assembly is hinged to the top of the orifice plugging member, and the other end of the lever assembly abuts against the top of the orifice plugging member. An inner expansion assembly is movably arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder. One side of the inner expansion assembly contacts the side wall of the rod section of the push rod inside the inner cylinder, and the inner expansion assembly expands or contracts relative to the wall of the blasting hole as the push rod moves up and down.

[0008] Apply a downward external force to the push rod to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member, so that the push rod slides downward. At this time, the side wall of the push rod no longer presses the inner expansion assembly, and the inner expansion assembly moves and contracts in the direction close to the push rod under its own gravity. At this time, the inner cylinder and the inner expansion assembly can be smoothly inserted into the blasting hole, and then the orifice plugging member is buckled on the orifice of the blasting hole. Remove the downward external force. At this time, the push rod moves upward under the elastic force of the first elastic member, so that the side wall of the push rod presses the inner expansion assembly, and then drives the inner expansion assembly to expand and move in the direction close to the wall of the blasting hole until the inner expansion assembly tightly expands and presses the wall of the blasting hole. At the same time, in the process of the first elastic member driving the push rod to move upward, the side wall of the top end of the push rod drives one end of the lever assembly to move upward, and then drives the other end of the lever assembly to move downward around the hinge between the lever assembly and the top of the orifice plugging member, so that the other end of the lever assembly presses the orifice plugging member downward at the orifice of the blasting hole, and finally realizes the stable plugging of the blasting hole to prevent soil and stone from splashing from the orifice of the blasting hole during blasting operations.

[0009] To better implement the present invention, further, the inner expansion assembly includes an extrusion wedge block and an inner expansion bracket. The extrusion wedge block is sleeved outside the rod section of the push rod inside the inner cylinder, and the inner expansion bracket is circumferentially distributed and hinged on the wall of the inner cylinder. A first inclined surface is provided on the side of the extrusion wedge block away from the push rod, and a second inclined surface is provided on the side of the inner expansion bracket close to the push rod. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are in contact and cooperation connection.

[0010] To better implement the present invention, further, the inner expansion bracket includes a connection bracket, a compression wedge block, and an inner expansion support plate. One end of the connection bracket is hinged to the wall of the inner cylinder, the other end of the connection bracket is provided with an inner expansion support plate, and a compression wedge block is arranged between the two ends of the connection bracket. A second inclined surface is provided on the side of the compression wedge block close to the push rod.

[0011] In order to better implement the present utility model, further, the inner expansion support plate includes a connection plate and a contact plate. One side of the connection plate away from the hole wall of the blasting hole is connected to the end of the connection bracket. A contact plate is buckled and arranged on one side of the connection plate close to the hole wall of the blasting hole. A stabilizing spring is arranged between the contact plate and the connection plate.

[0012] In order to better implement the present utility model, further, a buffer hanging net is hung between the bottoms of the circumferentially distributed connection plates.

[0013] In order to better implement the present utility model, further, the lever assembly includes a lever hinge seat and a lever. The lever hinge seat is fixedly installed on the top of the hole plugging member. The middle of the lever is hinged to the lever hinge seat. One end of the lever close to the push rod is hinged to the side wall of the top of the push rod. The end of the lever away from the push rod is in contact connection with the top of the hole plugging member.

[0014] In order to better implement the present utility model, further, an anti-slip contact head is arranged at the end of the lever away from the push rod. The anti-slip contact head is in contact connection with the top of the hole plugging member.

[0015] In order to better implement the present utility model, further, a through hole is arranged at the center of the hole plugging member. The top of the push rod passes upward through the through hole and extends above the hole plugging member. A positioning nut is threadedly fitted and installed on the outer side surface of the top of the push rod. The outer diameter of the positioning nut is greater than the diameter of the through hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) By arranging a hole plugging member at the orifice of the blasting hole, the present utility model supports and reinforces the orifice through the hole plugging member, avoiding the collapse of the orifice during the blasting process. At the same time, the hole plugging member seals the orifice, preventing a large amount of fragmented rock and soil from splashing out from the orifice during the blasting process, ensuring the safety of the blasting operation.

[0018] (2) By arranging an inner cylinder in the blasting hole and slidingly arranging a push rod in the inner cylinder, and arranging a first elastic member between the push rod and the inner cylinder, the present utility model makes the inner expansion assembly on the outside of the push rod expand towards the hole wall through the elastic force provided by the first elastic member, so that the inner expansion assembly can be compatible with and tightly support different diameters of the hole walls of the blasting holes, realizing further support and reinforcement for the white breaking hole.

[0019] (3) By arranging a lever assembly on the outer side of the top of the push rod, the present utility model makes one end of the lever assembly driven by the push rod press the hole plugging member downward tightly at the orifice through the elastic force provided by the first elastic member. Even if the hole plugging member is subjected to the impact force of the blasting, it can be ensured that the hole plugging member will not directly come out of the orifice. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal expansion component being internally expanded and fitted to the hole wall of the blasting hole;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal expansion component being separated from the hole wall of the blasting hole;

[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view of location A of

[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 2 Partial enlarged view of location B of

[0024] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the lever assembly.

[0025] Wherein: 1 - orifice plugging member; 2 - inner cylinder; 3 - push rod; 4 - lever assembly; 5 - internal expansion component; 6 - positioning nut; 41 - lever hinge seat; 42 - lever; 43 - anti-slip contact; 51 - extrusion wedge; 52 - internal expansion bracket; 521 - connecting bracket; 522 - pressed wedge; 523 - internal expansion support plate; 523A - connecting plate; 523B - contact plate; 523C - stabilizing spring; 523D - buffer hanging net; 100 - first elastic member; 111 - first inclined surface; 222 - second inclined surface. Specific embodiments

[0026] The following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present utility model. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present utility model have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present utility model. As used herein, unless the present utility model otherwise clearly indicates, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0028] For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" appear in the present utility model, they only indicate the same directions as the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.

[0029] Glossary: Terms such as "installation", "connection", "linkage", and "fixation" in the present utility model should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, an internal connection between two components, or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Embodiment 1:

[0031] A blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas in this embodiment, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, includes an orifice plugging member 1. The bottom of the orifice plugging member 1 is provided with an inner cylinder 2 extending into the blasting hole. A push rod 3 is slidably arranged axially at the center of the orifice plugging member 1. The bottom end of the push rod 3 extends into the inner cylinder 2, and a first elastic member 100 is arranged between the bottom end of the push rod 3 and the bottom of the inner cylinder 2; the top end of the push rod 3 extends above the orifice plugging member 1, and several groups of lever assemblies 4 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the side wall of the top end of the push rod 3. One end of the lever assembly 4 is hinged to the side wall of the top end of the push rod 3, the middle of the lever assembly 4 is hinged to the top of the orifice plugging member 1, and the other end of the lever assembly 4 abuts against the top of the orifice plugging member 1; an inner expansion assembly 5 is movably arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder 2. One side of the inner expansion assembly 5 is in contact with the side wall of the rod section of the push rod 3 inside the inner cylinder 2, and the inner expansion assembly 5 expands or contracts relative to the hole wall of the blasting hole as the push rod 3 moves up and down.

[0032] The orifice plugging member 1 is snap-fitted and installed at the orifice of the blasting hole for plugging the orifice. The orifice plugging member 1 includes an orifice end face flange and an orifice support cylinder. The orifice end face flange is placed on the orifice end face. The bottom of the orifice end face flange is provided with an orifice support cylinder extending into the blasting hole. The outer diameter of the orifice support cylinder matches the aperture of the blasting hole, thereby realizing the support and plugging of the orifice. An inner cylinder 2 is coaxially arranged inside the orifice support cylinder. The inner cylinder 2 extends into the blasting hole. A first elastic member 100 is arranged at the inner bottom of the inner cylinder 2. A push rod 3 is axially movably arranged coaxially with the blasting hole at the center of the orifice plugging member 1. The bottom of the push rod 3 is in contact connection with the first elastic member 100. The top of the push rod 3 passes upward through the orifice plugging member 1 and extends above the orifice plugging member 1, and a downward pressure handle is arranged at the top end of the push rod 3. Through the downward pressure handle, a downward pressure can be conveniently applied to the push rod 3.

[0033] The side wall of the rod section of the push rod 3 located inside the inner cylinder 2 is provided with an extrusion part. A plurality of groups of inner expansion components 5 are hinged and arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder 2 in a circumferential distribution. One side of the inner expansion component 5 is in contact with the extrusion part. When a downward pressure is applied to the push rod 3 to drive the push rod 3 to move downward, the extrusion part is separated from one side of the inner expansion component 5. At this time, the inner expansion component 5 contracts in the direction away from the hole wall under its own gravity. After removing the downward external force, the push rod 3 moves upward under the elastic force of the first elastic member 100, causing the extrusion part to squeeze the inner expansion component 5, driving the inner expansion component 5 to expand in the direction close to the hole wall until the inner expansion component 5 is in close contact with the hole wall. At the same time, during the upward movement of the push rod 3, the end of the lever assembly 4 far from the push rod 3 is driven to press the top end face of the hole plug 1 downward, ensuring that the hole plug 1 can be firmly buckled and sealed at the hole opening, and even under the action of subsequent blasting impact force, the hole plug 1 can be prevented from coming out of the hole opening.

[0034] Further, the first elastic member 100 includes a first axial spring.

[0035] Embodiment 2:

[0036] A blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas is improved on the basis of Embodiment 1. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the inner expansion component 5 includes an extrusion wedge block 51 and an inner expansion bracket 52. The extrusion wedge block 51 is sleeved outside the rod section of the push rod 3 located inside the inner cylinder 2, and the inner expansion brackets 52 are hinged on the wall of the inner cylinder 2 in a circumferential distribution; a first inclined surface 111 is provided on the side of the extrusion wedge block 51 away from the push rod 3, and a second inclined surface 222 is provided on the side of the inner expansion bracket 52 close to the push rod 3. The first inclined surface 111 is in contact and mating connection with the second inclined surface 222.

[0037] When the push rod 3 drives the extrusion wedge block 51 to move upward, the first inclined surface 111 abuts against and squeezes the second inclined surface 222, causing the inner expansion bracket 52 to expand in the direction close to the hole wall to press against the hole wall. When the push rod 3 drives the extrusion wedge block 51 to move downward, the first inclined surface 111 is separated from the second inclined surface 222 and no longer squeezes the second inclined surface 222. At this time, the inner expansion bracket 52 contracts in the direction away from the hole wall around the hinge with the inner cylinder 2 under its own gravity to ensure that the inner cylinder 2 and the inner expansion component 5 can smoothly enter and exit the blasting hole.

[0038] Further, at least two installation through grooves are evenly arranged on the wall of the inner cylinder 2 in a circumferential direction, and the top side of the inner expansion bracket 52 is hinged to the top of the installation through groove.

[0039] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, so they will not be described in detail.

[0040] Embodiment 3:

[0041] A blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas, improved on the basis of Embodiment 1 or 2, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the inner expansion support 52 includes a connecting support 521, a compression wedge 522, and an inner expansion support plate 523. One end of the connecting support 521 is hinged to the wall of the inner cylinder 2, and the other end of the connecting support 521 is provided with an inner expansion support plate 523. A compression wedge 522 is arranged between the two ends of the connecting support 521, and a second inclined surface 222 is arranged on the side of the compression wedge 522 close to the push rod 3.

[0042] At least two installation through grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the wall of the inner cylinder 2. One side of the top end of the connecting support 521 is hinged to the top of the installation through groove, and the bottom end of the connecting support 521 is hinged with an inner expansion support plate 523. A compression wedge 522 is arranged on the side close to the push rod 3 between the two ends of the inner expansion support plate 523, and a second inclined surface 222 is arranged on the side of the compression wedge 522 close to the push rod 3. When the second inclined surface 222 is pressed, it drives the connecting support 521 to expand close to the hole wall, and then drives the inner expansion support plate 523 to press against the hole wall tightly; when the second inclined surface 222 is not pressed, it drives the connecting support 521 to contract away from the hole wall, and then drives the inner expansion support plate 523 to disengage from the hole wall.

[0043] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 or 2, so they will not be described in detail.

[0044] Embodiment 4:

[0045] A blasting hole orifice protection device in frozen soil areas, improved on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1 - 3, as Figure 3 shown, the inner expansion support plate 523 includes a connecting plate 523A and a contact plate 523B. The side of the connecting plate 523A away from the blasting hole wall is connected to the end of the connecting support 521, and a contact plate 523B is buckled on the side of the connecting plate 523A close to the blasting hole wall. A stabilizing spring 523C is arranged between the contact plate 523B and the connecting plate 523A.

[0046] A convex block is arranged on the side of the connecting plate 523A close to the hole wall, and a groove corresponding to the convex block is arranged on the side of the contact plate 523B away from the hole wall. A number of stabilizing springs 523C are arranged between the groove and the convex block. When the connecting support 521 expands close to the hole wall, it drives the connecting plate 523A and the contact plate 523B to expand until the contact plate 523B contacts the hole wall, and the stabilizing spring 523C is gradually compressed to provide auxiliary elastic force so that the contact plate 523 contacts the hole wall tightly.

[0047] Further, a buffer hanging net 523D is hung between the bottoms of the circumferentially distributed connecting plates 523A. The buffer hanging net 523D is made of a polymer material or a metal material. By setting the buffer hanging net 523D, the earth and stone gushing out inside the blasting hole can be buffered and intercepted during the blasting process, avoiding damage caused by the direct impact of the earth and stone on the internal expansion assembly 5 and the like.

[0048] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of Embodiments 1-3, so they will not be described in detail.

[0049] Embodiment 5:

[0050] A blasting hole orifice protection device in a frozen soil area is improved on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1-4. As Figure 5 shown, the lever assembly 4 includes a lever hinge seat 41 and a lever 42. The lever hinge seat 41 is fixedly installed on the top of the orifice plugging member 1. The middle of the lever 42 is hinged to the lever hinge seat 41. One end of the lever 42 close to the push rod 3 is hinged to the top side wall of the push rod 3, and the end of the lever 42 far from the push rod 3 is in contact connection with the top of the orifice plugging member 1.

[0051] The lever hinge seat 41 is fixedly installed on the top end face of the orifice plugging member 1 through a connecting screw. The middle of the lever 42 is rotationally hinged to the hinge hole at the top of the lever hinge seat 41 through a hinge shaft. An axial chute is provided on the top side wall of the push rod 3. One end of the lever 42 close to the push rod 3 is hinged with a slider that is slidably connected to the axial chute. When the push rod 3 moves upward and the slider slides to the extreme position at the end of the axial chute, the slider cannot continue to slide at this time, so that the push rod 3 drives the lever 42 to rotate around the hinge shaft, and then the other end of the lever 42 presses the orifice plugging member 1 downward, improving the stability of the orifice plugging member 1 in closing and plugging the orifice.

[0052] Further, an anti-slip contact head 43 is provided at the end of the lever 42 far from the push rod 3, and the anti-slip contact head 43 is in contact connection with the top of the orifice plugging member 1.

[0053] Other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of Embodiments 1-4, so they will not be described in detail.

[0054] Embodiment 6:

[0055] A blasting hole orifice protection device in a frozen soil area is improved on the basis of any one of Embodiments 1-5. As Figure 1As shown, a through hole is provided at the center of the orifice plugging member 1, and the top of the push rod 3 passes upward through the through hole and extends above the orifice plugging member 1; a positioning nut 6 is threadedly fitted and installed on the outer side surface of the top of the push rod 3, and the outer diameter of the positioning nut 6 is larger than the diameter of the through hole. By rotating the positioning nut 6, the installation height of the positioning nut 6 on the outer side of the top of the push rod 3 is adjusted. When the bottom end surface of the positioning nut 6 contacts the top end surface of the through hole, the axial movement of the push rod 3 is restricted and locked by the positioning nut 6.

[0056] The other parts of this embodiment are the same as any one of Embodiments 1-5, so they will not be described in detail.

[0057] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blasting orifice protection device in permafrost regions, characterized in that, It includes an orifice plugging member (1). An inner cylinder (2) extending into the interior of the blasting hole is provided at the bottom of the orifice plugging member (1). A push rod (3) is slidably arranged axially at the center of the orifice plugging member (1). The bottom end of the push rod (3) extends into the interior of the inner cylinder (2), and a first elastic member (100) is provided between the bottom end of the push rod (3) and the bottom of the inner cylinder (2); the top end of the push rod (3) extends above the orifice plugging member (1), and a plurality of groups of lever assemblies (4) are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the side wall of the top end of the push rod (3). One end of the lever assembly (4) is hinged to the side wall of the top end of the push rod (3), the middle of the lever assembly (4) is hinged to the top of the orifice plugging member (1), and the other end of the lever assembly (4) abuts against the top of the orifice plugging member (1); an inner expansion assembly (5) is movably arranged on the barrel wall of the inner cylinder (2). One side of the inner expansion assembly (5) contacts the side wall of the rod section of the push rod (3) located inside the inner cylinder (2), and the inner expansion assembly (5) expands or contracts relative to the hole wall of the blasting hole as the push rod (3) moves up and down.

2. The blast hole protection device in permafrost regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner expansion assembly (5) includes an extrusion wedge block (51) and an inner expansion bracket (52). The extrusion wedge block (51) is sleeved outside the rod section of the push rod (3) located inside the inner cylinder (2). The inner expansion brackets (52) are circumferentially distributed and hinged to the barrel wall of the inner cylinder (2); a first inclined surface (111) is provided on the side of the extrusion wedge block (51) away from the push rod (3), and a second inclined surface (222) is provided on the side of the inner expansion bracket (52) close to the push rod (3). The first inclined surface (111) is in contact and cooperative connection with the second inclined surface (222).

3. The blasting hole orifice protection device in the permafrost region according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner expansion bracket (52) includes a connecting bracket (521), a compression wedge block (522), and an inner expansion support plate (523). One end of the connecting bracket (521) is hinged to the barrel wall of the inner cylinder (2). The other end of the connecting bracket (521) is provided with an inner expansion support plate (523). A compression wedge block (522) is arranged between the two ends of the connecting bracket (521). A second inclined surface (222) is provided on the side of the compression wedge block (522) close to the push rod (3).

4. The blasting hole orifice protection device in permafrost regions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner expansion support plate (523) includes a connecting plate (523A) and a contact plate (523B). The side of the connecting plate (523A) away from the hole wall of the blasting hole is connected to the end of the connecting bracket (521). A contact plate (523B) is buckled on the side of the connecting plate (523A) close to the hole wall of the blasting hole. A stabilizing spring (523C) is provided between the contact plate (523B) and the connecting plate (523A).

5. The blasting hole orifice protection device in permafrost regions according to claim 4, characterized in that, A buffer hanging net (523D) is hung between the bottoms of the circumferentially distributed connecting plates (523A).

6. A blasting hole orifice protection device in permafrost regions according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The lever assembly (4) includes a lever hinge seat (41) and a lever (42). The lever hinge seat (41) is fixedly installed at the top of the orifice plugging member (1). The middle part of the lever (42) is hinged to the lever hinge seat (41). One end of the lever (42) close to the push rod (3) is hinged to the top side wall of the push rod (3). One end of the lever (42) away from the push rod (3) is in contact connection with the top of the orifice plugging member (1).

7. The blasting hole orifice protection device in permafrost regions according to claim 6, characterized in that, An anti-slip contact head (43) is arranged at one end of the lever (42) away from the push rod (3). The anti-slip contact head (43) is in contact connection with the top of the orifice plugging member (1).

8. A blasting hole orifice protection device in permafrost regions according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that A through hole is arranged at the center of the orifice plugging member (1). The top of the push rod (3) passes upward through the through hole and extends above the orifice plugging member (1). A positioning nut (6) is installed on the outer side surface of the top of the push rod (3) in a threaded fit manner. The outer diameter of the positioning nut (6) is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

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