Automatic sludge thickness measuring device
Through the mechanical testing device, the buoyancy change is sensed by gravity sensors and metal floating drops, the problem of inaccurate measurement of silt thickness in water conservancy facilities is solved, and accurate measurement is achieved without being affected by silt and sand.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422362015.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing water conservancy facilities, sediment silt causes inaccurate measurement of water level meters and flowmeters. Ultrasonic water level meters are greatly affected by sediment and are costly, and existing devices cannot accurately measure the silt thickness.
Using mechanical testing methods, the buoyancy changes are sensed by gravity sensors and metal floating drops, and the sludge thickness is measured through a device composed of support columns, wire pulleys, winding drums and stepper motor encoder.
It realizes accurate measurement of silt thickness without being affected by silt and sand, with simple structure, low cost and accurate measurement.
Smart Images
Figure CN223154168U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of silt measurement, in particular to an automatic silt thickness measuring device. Background Technique
[0002] At present, since existing water conservancy facilities such as open channels have problems such as sediment deposition, the water level gauges, flow meters and other water conservancy and ecological measurement devices are inaccurate, and it is difficult to accurately implement the dredging project of water conservancy facilities. For example, existing radar water level gauges cannot penetrate the water surface to measure the actual sediment position. In addition, when using ultrasonic water level gauges, because of the contact test, sediment accumulates on the surface of the ultrasonic sensor, which also affects the test and cannot measure the true sediment deposition position. Patent CN211651573U discloses a portable mud depth measuring device, which uses an ultrasonic sensor for detection, is easily affected by the medium, has poor temperature sensitivity, and has a high cost.
[0003] Therefore, an automatic silt thickness measuring device is provided. Because of the mechanical test, it is not affected by sediment. A gravity sensor is used to sense different stages of buoyancy through a metal sinker to measure the sediment deposition position. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic silt thickness measuring device to solve the above problems.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: an automatic silt thickness measuring device, which is characterized in that it includes: a support column and a sediment deposition test box. The support column is provided with a cross bar, and the sediment deposition test box is arranged on the cross bar. The sediment deposition test box is arranged parallel to the water surface. Inside the sediment deposition test box, there are a wire pulley, a fixed shaft, a winding drum, a gravity sensor, a stepping motor encoder, and a motor driver. The stepping motor encoder is connected to the winding drum, and a measuring wire is wound around the winding drum. A wire pulley is sleeved and installed on the fixed shaft. The gravity sensor is arranged above the wire pulley and connected to it. One end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box along the wire pulley and is connected with a plumb bob. The plumb bob is arranged at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box through the measuring wire. The motor driver is arranged above the stepping motor encoder. An emerging hole is arranged at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box, and an elastic ring is arranged on the emerging hole. One end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box along the wire pulley through the emerging hole and is connected with the plumb bob. The test main board is connected to the gravity sensor and the stepping motor encoder, and the test main board is arranged above the motor driver.
[0006] Furthermore, a power supply box is arranged on the support column. Inside the power supply box, there are a power supply board, a battery, and a 4G network RTU module. The sediment deposition test box is connected to the 4G network RTU module through the RS485 protocol.
[0007] Furthermore, a crimping roller is also provided inside the sediment deposition test box. The crimping roller is arranged above the winding drum, and a closed space is formed between the winding drum and the crimping roller.
[0008] Furthermore, the support column is rotatably connected to the cross bar.
[0009] Furthermore, an anemometer is provided at the top of the support column.
[0010] Furthermore, a camera is provided at the top of the support column.
[0011] Furthermore, a solar panel is provided at the top of the support column.
[0012] Furthermore, the sediment deposition test box further includes a partition board. The stepping motor encoder, the motor driver, and the test main board are arranged on the left side of the partition board, and the wire pulley, the fixed shaft, the winding drum, and the gravity sensor are arranged on the right side of the partition board; the gravity sensor is installed and connected to the partition board through a mounting bracket, the fixed shaft is installed and connected to the partition board, and the stepping motor encoder passes through the partition board and is connected to the winding drum.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0014] The structure of the present utility model adopts a mechanical test, which is not affected by sediment. By perceiving different stages of buoyancy through a metal sinker and testing the sediment deposition position through a gravity sensor, the mechanical test is not affected by sediment and the measurement is accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic installation diagram of the measuring device according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inside of the sediment deposition test box according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 It is a front view of the inside of the sediment deposition test box according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 It is a side view of the inside of the sediment deposition test box according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic installation diagram of the sediment deposition test box and the lead sinker according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 6 It is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inside of the sediment deposition test box according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic lead sinker measurement diagram according to the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 8 The block diagram of the connection between the sediment deposition test box and the power supply box for the embodiment of the present utility model.
[0023] In the figure: 5 - solar panel, 6 - power supply box, 4 - sediment deposition test box, 7 - support column, 8 - plumb bob, 41 - elastic ring, 42 - wire pulley, 43 - fixed shaft, 44 - winding drum, 45 - gravity sensor, 46 - stepper motor encoder, 47 - motor driver, 48 - partition board, 1 - open channel, 2 - channel side, 3 - water surface, 9 - silt, 410 - test main board, 411 - external connection cable. Specific embodiments
[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] Please refer to Figure 1-8 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: providing an automatic silt thickness measuring device, characterized in that it includes: a support column 7 and a sediment deposition test box 4. The support column 7 is provided with a crossbar, and the sediment deposition test box 4 is arranged on the crossbar. The sediment deposition test box 4 is arranged parallel to the water surface. Inside the sediment deposition test box 4, there are a wire pulley 42, a fixed shaft 43, a winding drum 44, a gravity sensor 45, a stepper motor encoder 46, a motor driver 47, and a test main board 410. The stepper motor encoder 46 is connected to the winding drum 44, and a measuring wire is wound around the winding drum 44. The fixed shaft 43 is sleeved with the wire pulley 42. The gravity sensor 45 is arranged above the wire pulley 42 and connected thereto. One end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box 4 along the wire pulley 42 and is connected to a plumb bob 8. The plumb bob 8 is arranged at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box 4 through the measuring wire. The motor driver 47 is arranged above the stepper motor encoder 46, and the motor driver 47 is connected to the stepper motor encoder 46. The test main board 410 is connected to the gravity sensor 45 and the stepper motor encoder 46. The test main board 410 is arranged above the motor driver 47. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box 4, and an elastic ring 41 is arranged at the through hole. One end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box 4 along the wire pulley 42 through the through hole and is connected to the plumb bob 8. The plumb bob 8 is outside the sediment deposition test box 4. When the measuring wire is tightened, the plumb bob 8 abuts against the elastic ring 41. The through hole is arranged below the wire pulley 42. The elastic ring 41 is necessary. The gravity sensor can sense that the sum of the pressure and the elastic force is greater than the gravity of the plumb bob 8, and this elastic force is generated when the plumb bob 8 abuts against the elastic ring 41.
[0026] The structure of the utility model adopts mechanical testing, which is not affected by sediment. By perceiving different stages of buoyancy through a metal floating weight and testing the sediment deposition position through a gravity sensor, the mechanical testing is not affected by sediment and the measurement is accurate.
[0027] As Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the motor driver 47 is arranged above the stepper motor encoder 46. The motor driver 47 is connected to the stepper motor encoder 46 and is used to provide electrical energy drive for the stepper motor encoder 46. The gravity sensor is installed in the sediment deposition test box 4 through a mounting bracket. An installation fixed shaft 43 is arranged below the gravity sensor. A wire pulley 42 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 43, and a wire winding drum 44 is arranged behind the wire pulley 42. The sediment deposition test box 4 includes a stepper motor encoder 46. A precise mechanical transmission is arranged inside the sediment deposition test box 4. The wire winding drum 44 is driven to rotate by the stepper motor encoder 46, and the measuring wire is precisely wound on the wire winding drum 44 to realize precise mechanical displacement sensing test.
[0028] Measurement principle: As Figure 1-2As shown, the height from the bottom of the channel to the plumb bob is known. \(H_{silt}=H_{total}-H_{air}-H_{water}\). At the beginning, the floating plumb bob 8 is pre-controlled to contact the bottom of the box. At this time, the pulling force is greater than the weight of the floating plumb bob 8. The height from the bottom of the floating plumb bob 8 to the bottom plane of the water channel is measured by a pre-set tester as \(H_{total}\). \(H_{total}\) is measured by a tape measure, an altimeter or a radar water level gauge when building a new channel, and after measurement, it is set into the test device by the upper computer. This test device is the test main board 410. The stepping motor encoder 46 is connected to the winding drum 44. Connecting the stepping motor encoder 46 can drive the winding drum 44 to rotate. The measuring wire wound around the winding drum 44 is tightened, and the plumb bob 8 connected to the measuring wire is tightened accordingly. The stepping motor encoder 46 rotates clockwise, and the plumb bob 8 is tightened. For the water drop plumb bob 8, due to gravity, the measuring wire will be released downward, and the motor rotates counterclockwise. Since the elastic ring 41 has elasticity, the gravity sensor can sense that the sum of the pressure and the elasticity is greater than the gravity of the plumb bob 8 and can sense it. The gravity sensor is an existing gravity sensor, and the model of the gravity sensor can be the LASCAUX Lijing STC tension sensor. The gravity sensor 45 is above the fixed shaft 43, and the lead weight is pulled by the wire pulley 42. According to the mechanical analysis of the pulley, the force on the fixed pulley is equal to the gravity of the lead weight loaded on the pulley. The gravity sensor 45 is connected to the wire pulley 42. When the measuring wire on the wire pulley 42 generates a pulling force, the gravity sensor 45 senses and outputs. The greater the force, the stronger the output. Furthermore, the gravity sensor 45 can detect the gravity of the plumb bob 8. The stepping motor encoder 46 rotates clockwise to tighten the plumb bob, and the wire pulley 42 slides on the fixed shaft 43. The measuring wire is a load-bearing steel wire. When the winding drum 4 winds the wire, the load-bearing steel wire winds into a circular coil on the drum. Due to the extrusion force of the circular coil, the wire is wound tightly from right to left, and the wire pulley 42 also slides from right to left. When the gravity sensor can sense the weight of the plumb bob 8, the gravity sensor detects the weight of the plumb bob 8 and transmits this information data to the test main board 410. The test main board 410 is connected to the gravity sensor and the stepping motor encoder 46. The gravity sensor 45 is connected to the wire pulley 42 and can detect the pulling force generated by the measuring wire on the wire pulley 42. The test main board 410 is connected to control the gravity sensor 45 and the stepping motor encoder 46. The MCU on the test main board 410 sets the time and can require it to measure according to the set time to achieve automatic measurement.
[0029] The stepping motor encoder 46 rotates counterclockwise slowly, and the plumb bob 8 unfolds downward at a uniform speed. By counting the encoder, the descending height \(H_{air}\) is obtained. When the plumb bob 8 touches the water surface, the weight of the plumb bob 8 becomes smaller. At this time, the gravity sensor senses it. The gravity sensor can sense and distinguish the boundary point between air and water surface to obtain \(H_{air}\). This device can measure the water depth through the stepping motor encoder 46. When the plumb bob 8 touches the silt surface, the weight of the plumb bob becomes much smaller and almost zero, sensing the boundary point between sediment and water surface to obtain \(H_{water}\). The measured height at this time is the silt-air height \(H_{silt}=H_{total}-H_{air}-H_{water}\). The measuring wire connecting the plumb bob and the winding drum pays out the wire regularly on the winding drum to obtain the standard wire payout length.
[0030] Further, a power supply box 6 is provided on the support column 7. A power supply board, a battery, and a 4G network RTU module are provided inside the power supply box 6. The power supply board is connected to the battery and the 4G network RTU module. The sediment deposition test box 4 is connected to the 4G network RTU module through the RS485 protocol.
[0031] Further, an anemometer is provided at the top of the support column 7. The anemometer is connected to the power supply box 6 and is connected to a remote device through the 4G network RTU module, enabling real-time monitoring of the wind speed in the working area and remote control. The support column 7 is provided on the ground surface.
[0032] Further, a camera is provided at the top of the support column 7. The camera is connected to the power supply box 6 and is connected to a remote device through the 4G network RTU module, enabling real-time monitoring and remote control of the working area.
[0033] Further, a solar panel 5 is provided at the top of the support column 7. The solar panel 5 is connected to the power supply board inside the power supply box 6, and the solar panel 5 can supply power to the battery inside the power supply box 6.
[0034] Further, the sediment deposition test box 4 further includes an external cable 411. The external cable 411 is connected to the 4G network RTU module and the test main board 410. The cable 411 includes two 485 communication lines and two positive and negative power supply lines, a total of four, facilitating the transmission of data in the sediment deposition test box 4 to the 4G network RTU module and then to the external network.
[0035] Further, the support column 7 is rotatably connected to the cross bar. By rotating the cross bar, the sediment deposition test box 4 on the cross bar rotates accordingly, so that it is not necessary to reinstall the support column 7.
[0036] Further, the sediment deposition test box 4 further includes a partition board 48. The stepping motor encoder 46, the motor driver 47, and the test main board 410 are arranged on the left side of the partition board 48. The wire guide pulley 42, the fixed shaft 43, the winding drum 44, and the gravity sensor 45 are arranged on the right side of the partition board 48; the gravity sensor 45 is installed and connected to the partition board 48 through a mounting bracket, the fixed shaft 43 is installed and connected to the partition board 48, and the stepping motor encoder 46 passes through the partition board 48 and is connected to the winding drum 44. By providing the partition board 48, the gravity sensor 45, the fixed shaft 43, and the stepping motor encoder 46 can be installed inside the sediment deposition test box 4, and at the same time, the space inside the sediment deposition test box 4 can be reasonably allocated to make the structure compact.
[0037] Further, a crimping roller 49 is also provided inside the sediment deposition test box 4. The crimping roller 49 is arranged above the winding drum 44, and a closed space is formed between the winding drum 44 and the crimping roller 49 to prevent the measuring wire from jumping out.
[0038] Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An automatic device for measuring the thickness of silt, characterized in that, Comprising: a support column (7) and a sediment deposition test box (4), the support column (7) is provided with a cross bar, and the sediment deposition test box (4) is arranged on the cross bar. The sediment deposition test box (4) is arranged parallel to the water surface. Inside the sediment deposition test box (4), there are a wire pulley (42), a fixed shaft (43), a winding drum (44), a gravity sensor (45), a stepping motor encoder (46), a motor driver (47), and a test main board (410). The stepping motor encoder (46) is connected to the winding drum (44), a measuring wire is wound around the winding drum (44), the wire pulley (42) is sleeved and installed on the fixed shaft (43), the gravity sensor (45) is arranged above and connected to the wire pulley (42), one end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box (4) along the wire pulley (42) and is connected to a plumb bob (8), and the plumb bob (8) is arranged at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box (4) through the measuring wire. The motor driver (47) is arranged above the stepping motor encoder (46). There is a through hole at the bottom of the sediment deposition test box (4), and an elastic ring (41) is arranged at the through hole. One end of the measuring wire extends out from the bottom end of the sediment deposition test box (4) through the through hole along the wire pulley (42) and is connected to the plumb bob (8). The test main board (410) is connected to the gravity sensor (45) and the stepping motor encoder (46), and the test main board (410) is arranged above the motor driver (47).
2. The automatic measuring device for sludge thickness according to claim 1, wherein: A power supply box (6) is arranged on the support column (7). Inside the power supply box (6), there are a power supply board, a battery, and a 4G network RTU module. The sediment deposition test box (4) is connected to the 4G network RTU module through the RS485 protocol.
3. The automatic silt thickness measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A crimping roller (49) is further arranged inside the sediment deposition test box (4). The crimping roller (49) is arranged above the winding drum (44), and a closed space is formed between the winding drum (44) and the crimping roller (49).
4. The automatic silt thickness measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The support column (7) is rotatably connected to the cross bar.
5. The automatic measuring device for sludge thickness according to claim 2, wherein: An anemometer is arranged at the top of the support column (7).
6. The automatic silt thickness measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A camera is arranged at the top of the support column (7).
7. The automatic measuring device for sludge thickness according to claim 2, characterized in that: A solar panel (5) is arranged at the top of the support column (7).
8. The automatic measuring device for sludge thickness according to claim 1, wherein: The sediment deposition test box (4) further includes a partition board (48). The stepping motor encoder (46), the motor driver (47), and the test main board (410) are arranged on the left side of the partition board (48), and the wire pulley (42), the fixed shaft (43), the winding drum (44), and the gravity sensor (45) are arranged on the right side of the partition board (48); the gravity sensor (45) is installed and connected to the partition board (48) through a mounting bracket, the fixed shaft (43) is installed and connected to the partition board (48), and the stepping motor encoder (46) passes through the partition board (48) and is connected to the winding drum (44).