Special charger for full-load charging of storage battery of electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a special charger for full-load charging of a storage battery of an electric vehicle. The special charger comprises a control module, a charging module, a direct-current power supply terminal and a shell, the charging module is fixed in the shell, and the output end of the charging module is connected with a direct-current power terminal or a direct-current power line; control functions stored in the control module comprise voltage monitoring, charging and timing, the control end of the control module is connected with the charging module, and the signal input end of the control module is connected with a direct-current power supply terminal or a direct-current power line; the special charger solidifies early-stage constant current charging, constant-voltage current-limiting charging and final-stage constant current saturation charging according to the grid number and nominal capacity of the external storage battery, and the special charger automatically stops when the voltage of the final-stage constant current charging does not rise any more within the set time or 1-4 hours. The digital display and the data terminal are designed according to requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a special device for charging storage batteries, in particular to a special charger for fully charging the storage batteries of electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] A storage battery, which is short for a lead-acid battery, has performance advantages such as safety and reliability, large capacity, and high discharge intensity, and occupies the mainstream position in large-capacity fields such as electric vehicles, vehicle and ship starting, and data center backup; in the past 20-odd years, the market consumption of storage batteries for electric vehicles has increased sharply, and the amount of waste is astonishing.

[0003] The storage batteries for electric bicycles, electric road vehicles, and electric tractors (hereinafter collectively referred to as electric vehicles) are special types listed in the national technical standards, and respectively implement the discharge technical standards of 2-hour rate, 3-hour rate, and 5-hour rate. Their usage method is a cyclic charge and discharge system, which is very different from starting and backup batteries.

[0004] As early as more than 20 years ago, experts from industry associations did a lot of popular science work on the charge and discharge use of electric bicycle batteries. One of the suggestions was to perform a charge and discharge maintenance every few months or when the battery capacity decreased significantly, that is, to discharge the storage battery completely and then recharge it, which could significantly extend the service life of the battery pack; in recent years, the socialized repair service for batteries used in electric vehicles has been quite active, and many types of battery repair fluids with various concepts have been developed.

[0005] The short service life of storage batteries for electric vehicles is greatly related to the charging mode of conventional supporting chargers. Those skilled in the art are well aware that due to the sensitivity to the market price of chargers, the chargers usually supporting electric vehicles use a simple constant voltage and current limiting charging method to charge the entire series-connected storage battery pack. As a result, after dozens or hundreds of charge and discharge cycles of the battery pack, there will inevitably be several storage batteries in the same series group that cannot be fully charged or over-discharged, thus greatly shortening the service life of the entire storage battery pack.

[0006] In recent years, special functional materials for storage batteries can restore most of the storage batteries with intact shells and unseverely corroded current collectors (grid plates) to the nominal capacity. An important focus in the industry is how to automate the capacity restoration charging of storage batteries, so that the control of the charging voltage, current intensity, and the operation of the charging amount do not depend on the experience of engineers, thereby socializing the storage battery maintenance guarantee service and endowing the storage battery with multiple life cycles.

[0007] The main technical reasons for the decrease in the capacity of storage batteries are the softening of the positive active material and the sulfation of the negative active material. The repair of the active material is no longer the main problem in the industry, and there is also rich practical experience in how to judge the severe corrosion of the current collector (grid plate). Therefore, a charging tool targeting full charge is very important.

[0008] Functions such as constant current charging, constant voltage and current limiting charging, timing, and display required for charger design were considered to be achieved through computer program control many years ago. With the development of large-scale integrated circuits, especially the marketization of dedicated devices, working modules for such functions have become the regular business of dedicated device manufacturers. Charger design has evolved into a combination of dedicated modules, thanks to the market and technical support of hundreds of millions of electric vehicles in our country. Summary of the Utility Model

[0009] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a special charger for fully charging the battery of an electric vehicle to meet the technical requirements for fully charging the battery. It can enable the plate active substances inside the battery to obtain an adaptive full charge amount, and in combination with battery repair fluid and deep discharge use, it can effectively restore the battery capacity.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a special charger for fully charging the battery of an electric vehicle. The charger includes a control module, a charging module, DC power terminals, and a housing; the charging module is fixed inside the housing, and its output end is connected to the DC power terminals fixed on the housing or the DC power line of an external battery; the control functions stored in the control module include voltage monitoring, charging, and timing. Its control end is connected to the charging module, and its signal input end is connected to the DC power terminals or the DC power line; the special charger solidifies the previous constant current charging, constant voltage and current limiting charging, and the saturated charging of constant current in the final stage according to the number of cells and nominal capacity of the external battery, and automatically terminates when the set time is reached or the voltage of the constant current charging in the final stage does not rise for 1 - 4 hours.

[0011] The full charge used in the present utility model is different from the constant voltage and current limiting charger commonly used for electric vehicle batteries. The technical goal is to enable the battery to obtain saturated charging; based on the very mature market devices, the control module with built-in voltage monitoring, charging, and timing functions, including the modules for realizing constant voltage and current limiting and constant current charging in cooperation with the control module, do not require the charger manufacturer to compile computer control programs; the control module can be set in the housing in the form of a control chip according to the designed number of circuits of the charger, especially the power of the charging module, or the functions can be extended and set outside the housing in the form of a coordinated control computer; the charging termination condition can be set to terminate at the total charging time or the charging time of the constant current in the final stage, or it can be set to automatically terminate when the voltage of the battery being charged does not rise for 1 - 4 hours.

[0012] Preferably, the special charger includes a digital display, which is set on the housing and connected to the signal output end of the control module inside the housing. The charger comes with a digital display to real-time display the current intensity, the voltage of the battery being charged, and the charging time during the charging process, enabling the operator to understand the charging status in real-time.

[0013] Preferably, the special charger includes a data terminal disposed on the housing or a data cable for an external storage battery, which is connected to the signal input end of the control module inside the housing. The data terminal is a dedicated interface for connecting the two extreme terminals of the storage battery. Using a data cable to connect the two extreme terminals of the storage battery can effectively improve the accuracy of the control module in collecting the voltage data of the storage battery. When the charging current of the storage battery is large, the voltage drop caused by the DC power line cannot be ignored; for chargers without data terminals, a data cable can be directly connected to the signal input end of the control module.

[0014] Preferably, for the initial constant current charging, the constant current value is selected in the range of 0.02 - 0.1 C / A, and the time value is selected in the range of 0.5 - 8 hours. The special charger of the present invention is a multi-purpose special tool. When applied to a storage battery after deep discharge, the electromotive force exhibited by the storage battery after deep discharge is relatively low. It is suitable to use a small current for charging in the early stage. Setting a small current for charging is beneficial to restoring the activity of the active material on the electrode plate after deep discharge.

[0015] Preferably, for the constant voltage and current limiting charging, the constant voltage value is selected in the range of 2.5 - 2.8 V / cell, and the current limiting value is selected in the range of 0.1 - 0.5 C / A. Constant voltage and current limiting is a charging method well-known to those skilled in the art and is commonly used in electric vehicle chargers. Its characteristic is that the current intensity is a set value before charging to the set constant voltage value, and the current intensity after charging to the set constant voltage value will decrease with the passage of time and theoretically tend to 0.

[0016] Preferably, for the saturation charging with constant current in the final stage, the constant current value is selected in the range of 0.02 - 0.1 C / A. Constant current is also a charging method well-known to those skilled in the art. Since it is likely to cause water loss, conventional electric vehicle storage battery chargers usually do not use it in the final stage of charging; when the storage battery is charged to saturation with constant current in the final stage, the charged voltage shown will no longer rise or even continuously decrease with time.

[0017] Preferably, a static pause is set for a certain period of time during the saturation charging in the final stage. When the storage battery is charged to near saturation, the voltage shown no longer rises, accompanied by a difference in the ion concentration of the electrolyte around the storage battery terminals. Setting a static pause for a certain period of time is beneficial to making the ion concentration difference of the electrolyte tend to be uniform, enabling the active material on the electrode plate to accept a larger amount of charge.

[0018] The charging module is fixed in the housing, which implies that the charging module can be fixed in the same housing as the control module or can be separately arranged in different housings. When the charging power of the storage battery is small, the heat generated by the charging module can easily be dissipated through the heat dissipation device; while when the charging power of the storage battery is large, the heat generated by the charging module is quite considerable. Separately arranging the charging module and the control module in different housings is beneficial to avoiding the influence of heat accumulation.

[0019] The conventional design of the present utility model further includes a heat dissipation device for an electric fan or / and a heat sink, and an AC-DC adapter power supply that is electrically connected to an external power grid and configured for a control module and a charging module.

[0020] The substantial feature of the present utility model is that a saturation charging program of constant current charging in the early stage, constant voltage and current limiting charging, and constant current in the final stage is solidified according to the number of cells and the nominal capacity of an externally connected storage battery. This feature is very different from the conventional chargers for electric vehicle storage batteries. Those skilled in the art are well aware that the conventional chargers for electric vehicle storage batteries are designed to charge in a constant voltage and current limiting manner, and the current limiting value of the current intensity is usually greater than 0.2C / A. Therefore, setting a constant current charging of 0.02 - 0.1C / A in the early stage has no technical significance. In addition, setting a saturation charging with constant current in the final stage of a conventional charger is also meaningless, which will cause a large amount of water loss in the storage battery during conventional charging. Therefore, the present utility model is designed according to the number of cells and the nominal capacity of an externally connected storage battery, providing users with a standardized and foolproof full charge tool for storage batteries, which is recommended for full charge maintenance and capacity repair of storage batteries.

[0021] The storage battery described has a structure including single cells and a storage battery module connected in series within multiple cells.

[0022] The advantages of the present utility model are as follows: By providing users with a practical tool that solidifies a saturation charging program according to the number of cells and the nominal capacity of a storage battery, the active substances on the internal plates of the storage battery can obtain an adaptive full charge, thereby automating the maintenance and capacity repair of the storage battery, making it simple to use and highly practical. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the functional modules and charging logic relationship of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram with a digital display set on the basis of the Figure 1 structure;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram with dedicated data terminals set;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated design of a DC power supply terminal and a data terminal;

[0027] Reference Signs in the Drawings

[0028] 1. Control module 2. Charging module 3. DC power supply terminal 4. Digital display

[0029] 5. Housing 6. Data terminal Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments

[0030] The technical solution of the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the basic functional module and charging logic of the present utility model, including a control module 1, a charging module 2, a DC power supply terminal 3, and a housing 5. The structural feature is that the charging module and the control module are fixed inside the housing, and the DC power supply terminal is fixed on the operation panel of the housing; the output end of the charging module 2 is electrically connected to the DC power supply terminal 3; the control end of the control module 1 is connected to the charging module 2, and its signal input end is connected to the DC power supply terminal 3; the charging module selects a product with controllable current intensity and charging method and meets the maximum current intensity requirement for the battery to be charged. The control functions stored in the control module include voltage monitoring, charging, and timing.

[0032] For clearly highlighting the structural relationship between the functional module and the charging logic, Figure 1 the AC-DC adapter power supply that is not marked as configured for the control module and the charging module and is electrically connected to the external power grid is not shown; when the charger is in use, the DC power supply terminal 3 is electrically connected to the two poles of the external battery through a power cord. The control module 1 obtains the voltage signal of the battery through the DC power supply terminal (ignoring the voltage drop of the power cord). The technical purpose is to fully charge the external battery.

[0033] The digital display 4 is arranged on the housing 5 and is connected to the signal output end of the control module 1 inside the housing. A schematic logical structure of setting the digital display is as Figure 2 shown; the battery chargers for low-end electric vehicles in the market usually do not have a digital display, while high-end chargers usually have a digital display for real-time displaying data such as the current intensity during the charging process, the voltage of the battery being charged, and the time of the charging process.

[0034] The data terminal 6 is arranged on the housing 5 and is connected to the signal input end of the control module 1 inside the housing, as Figure 3 shown; the data terminal is a special interface that uses a data cable to connect to the two extreme terminals of the external battery, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the control module in collecting the voltage data of the battery; when there is no data terminal on the charger, the data cable can also pass through the housing and be directly connected to the signal input end of the control module 1 inside the housing.

[0035] The initial constant current charging with a constant current value selected in the range of 0.02 - 0.1 C / A and a time value in the range of 0.5 - 8 hours is meaningless for the conventional charging of electric vehicles. The present utility model is designed as a multi-purpose full-charging tool, especially suitable for batteries that have undergone deep discharge treatment. After deep discharge, the electromotive force of the battery is relatively low, and setting a small current for charging is beneficial to restoring the activity of the active substances on the plates after deep discharge.

[0036] The so-called constant voltage and current limiting charging means that it is not limited to setting one-stage constant voltage and current limiting charging, but can set multiple-stage constant voltage and current limiting charging. When the battery capacity drops severely, it is usually accompanied by a large internal resistance. Charging with a large current can easily charge the battery to a high voltage, but the plate active material cannot accept a large amount of energy at the high voltage, resulting in a large amount of heat generation, which is easy to damage the plates. Therefore, it is necessary to set constant voltage and current limiting charging.

[0037] The so-called saturation charging with a constant current at the end stage means that it is not limited to setting one-stage constant current charging, but can set multiple-stage constant current charging. Those skilled in the art usually abbreviate constant current charging as CC charging. The battery can accept a relatively large current intensity in the range of ≤2.4V / cell, but at the end of charging, the charging voltage is relatively high. For example, in the range of ≥2.5V / cell, it can only accept CC charging with a relatively small current intensity. Therefore, when the battery is at a high voltage in the previous constant voltage and current limiting charging, it must be charged with a relatively small constant current. In principle, the higher the charging voltage of the battery, the smaller the current intensity of the constant current charging, which is more conducive to the plate active material accepting energy, thus avoiding a large amount of heat generation of the plates and protecting the plates from damage.

[0038] The state of charge of the battery is proportional to the magnitude of the internal resistance. When approaching charge saturation, there is a phenomenon of difference in the ion concentration of the electrolyte around the battery terminals. Standing for a certain period of time during the constant current charging stage at the end is beneficial to the uniformity of the ion concentration difference of the electrolyte, so as to increase the charging capacity of the plates during the constant current charging stage at the end. The certain period of time for intermittent standing during the end saturation charging is preferably in the range of 5 - 60 minutes.

[0039] The control functions stored in the control module 1 include voltage monitoring, charging, and timing. Such control modules with simple functions are easy to purchase on the market. When the selected charging module 2 is equipped with a charging control circuit and designed with a logic control terminal, the control module 1 only needs to issue 1 / 0 instructions to achieve corresponding charging or dormancy. The control logic of such modules is relatively simple and can easily implement the described logic control functions according to the instructions.

[0040] The basic technical requirement of the charging module is to meet the charging power demand and realize the working modes of constant voltage and current limiting charging and constant current charging in cooperation with the control module. In other words, constant voltage and current limiting charging and constant current charging can be realized either by a charging module with an attached control circuit or by the control program of the control module. Due to the development of integrated circuit technology and market-specific devices, the logic control function of the control module 1 and the charging mode control of the charging module 2 can both be realized through a combination of market-specific devices.

[0041] The C / A of the current intensity described in the present utility model is the current value I corresponding to the nominal discharge rate in the battery industry. 标放For the transformed expression, the nominal discharge rate of the storage battery is familiar to those skilled in the art. For example, for the 6DZM-20 product dedicated to electric bicycles, the nominal discharge rate is 2 h, and the 2-h rate discharge current corresponding to the nominal capacity of 20 Ah is 1 / 2 of the nominal capacity (C / A), that is, I 标放 is 10 A, and 1 C / A is 20 A; for another example, for the GFM-500 product for communication backup with a nominal discharge rate of 10 h, the nominal discharge rate is 10 h, and the 10-h rate discharge current corresponding to the nominal capacity of 500 Ah is 1 / 10 of the nominal capacity (C / A), that is, I 标放 is 50 A, and 1 C / A is 500 A.

[0042] The voltage of the final constant current saturation charging no longer rises within 1-4 hours, including a drop lasting more than 1 hour, indicating that the storage battery is saturated with charging and reaches the technical goal of full charge.

[0043] The present utility model can have various optimized designs. For example, on the Figure 3 basis of the example, the DC power supply terminal 3 and the data terminal 6 are set as a dedicated interface with an integrated structure. As Figure 4 shown, a dedicated external power cord and data cable can be configured, which is convenient to use; for another example, a manual switch is electrically connected in series in the charging circuit. The manual switch is usually electrically connected in series between the charging module 1 and the DC power supply terminal 3. Setting the manual switch can reduce misuse.

[0044] The present utility model preferably sets a heat dissipation device to ensure that the accumulated heat of the discharge module, the charging module, and the control module can be effectively dissipated; the design of the heat dissipation device is very familiar to those skilled in the art. For example, the material of the heat sink is usually made of aluminum alloy and is thermally fixed to the various modules described above. The appearance shape of the heat sink can be arbitrary, and the larger its specific surface area, the more beneficial it is to the heat dissipation effect; the electric fan is the most common heat dissipation device. When designing, the electric fan is fixed on the upper part of the housing or any side other than the panel, and its power supply terminal is electrically connected to the adapted power supply.

[0045] The technical purpose of the present utility model is for the full charge of the storage battery. The applications where the storage battery needs to be fully charged are relatively wide. For example, the 12V storage battery used in electric vehicles is discharged to 10.50V (fully discharged) every 4-6 months during use. Using the special charger of the present utility model can extend the service life of the undercharged storage battery; for another example, when the capacity of the storage battery used in an electric vehicle seriously declines, by adding a repair solution, the above 12V storage battery is further optimized to be deeply discharged to 6V, and then using the special charger of the present utility model to fully charge the storage battery can restore the normal capacity of the storage battery. The said full charge is not only applicable to electric vehicle batteries but also applicable to other batteries.

[0046] The following embodiments are only for recommendation. Several solutions can be partially selected, or can be combined and used with other mature technologies.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] In this example, a special charger dedicated to the 6DZM20 battery is designed. The schematic diagrams of each functional module and the charging logic structure are as Figure 1 shown, including a control module 1, a charging module 2, a DC power supply terminal 3, and a housing 5. The structural feature is that the charging module and the control module are fixed inside the housing; the DC power supply terminal is fixed on the operation panel of the housing; the output end of the charging module is electrically connected to the DC power supply terminal; the control functions stored in the control module include voltage monitoring, charging, and timing. Its control end is connected to the charging module, and its signal input end is connected to the DC power supply terminal. A charging module with an attached control circuit is selected, and the set charging can be achieved through the instructions of the control module.

[0049] When this example performs a full charge on the externally connected battery, the DC power supply terminal 3 is electrically connected to the two poles of the battery through a power cord, and the control module 1 obtains the real-time voltage signal of the externally connected battery through the DC power supply terminal. The charging steps for the control module to set and control the charging module 2 are as follows:

[0050] 1) The control instruction of the control module 1 for the charging module 2 is 1 (start the charging module), and the charging module charges the externally connected battery at a constant current of 1.0 A for 1 hour.

[0051] 2) The charging module 2 charges at a constant voltage of 16.0 V and a limited current intensity of 4.0 A for 4.5 hours; then charges at a constant voltage of 16.5 V and a limited current intensity of 2.5 A for 3.0 hours.

[0052] 3) The charging module 2 continues to charge at a constant current of 0.8 A for 12 hours.

[0053] In step 1) of this example, the small-current initial charging can make the application range wider; in step 2), due to the setting of voltage limitation, the active substances on the plates inside the battery can obtain an adaptive charging amount. Whether for a battery that has been fully discharged or a battery that has undergone deep discharge treatment, when the charging voltage of the battery reaches the constant voltage value, the current intensity will decrease, avoiding damage to the plates caused by charging with a large current in the high-voltage area; in step 2), by limiting the current intensity to 2.5 A, the constant voltage value is increased to 16.5 V, which can make the battery charge a larger amount of electricity and reduce the heat generated during charging.

[0054] Step 3) The constant current charging set does not limit the charging voltage of the battery. Since it is the end stage of charging, the charging capacity of the deep active material on the plate is limited. A large current will cause the battery to generate a large amount of heat and damage the plate. The selected constant current at the end stage in this embodiment is 0.8 A, corresponding to the 6DZM20 battery designed for the 2-hour discharge rate. The current intensity of the constant current charging is 0.04 C / A. The set 0.8 A constant current charging for 12.0 hours is an empirical value obtained through long-term observation and is required for the full charge of the 6DZM20 battery in its practical state.

[0055] 6DZM20 is the mainstream battery for electric bicycles, with a large market inventory. The full charge required for the 6DZM20 battery in this embodiment is applicable whether the charging object is a battery that requires full charge maintenance or a battery to be repaired that has been added with repair fluid, evacuated, and deeply discharged through the previous processing steps.

[0056] The advantage of this embodiment is that it is designed as a practical tool for the full charge of the 6DZM20 battery, which is simple to use and has a wide range of applications, and can obtain an ideal full charge effect for the 6DZM20 battery.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Based on Embodiment 1, a digital display 4 is added to the hardware structure of Embodiment 1. The digital display is set on the panel of the housing 5 and is internally connected to the signal output end of the control module 1, as Figure 2 shown.

[0059] The control module 1 displays the voltage value, current intensity value, and charging time value corresponding to the real-time charging of the battery on the digital display 4 in a way of recording once per minute.

[0060] The advantage of this embodiment is to use the digital display 4 to display the charging data, so that the operator can clearly understand the real-time charging status through the data on the digital display.

[0061] Embodiment 3

[0062] The signal input end of the control module 1 in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is connected to the DC power supply terminal 3. Based on the hardware structure of Embodiment 2, this embodiment adds a data terminal 6, and this data terminal and the DC power supply terminal 3 are designed as an integrated special interface with an integrated appearance. The special interface is set on the housing 5, and the data terminal 6 is internally connected to the signal input end of the control module 1, as Figure 4 shown.

[0063] In this embodiment, the control module 1 obtains the voltage signal of the storage battery not from the DC power supply terminal 3, but by directly connecting the data terminal 6 to both poles of the external storage battery through a data line, so that the constant voltage accuracy of the storage battery controlled by the control module 1 is high and the data is more accurate.

[0064] The advantage of this embodiment is that the external power supply line and the data line are integrally designed. The specific operation can reduce the electrical connection of the movable interface, which is convenient to use and makes the operation of the charger more accurate and reliable.

[0065] Embodiment 4

[0066] On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the final constant current charging step 3) is further optimized. The step of "the charging module charges at a constant current of 0.8 A for 12 hours" is optimized to "the charging module charges at a constant current of 1.0 A for 5 hours, stands still for 15 minutes, and then continues to charge at a constant current of 0.8 A for 6 hours". The so-called standing still means that the control instruction of the control module 1 for the charging module 2 is 0, and the charging module is in a dormant state.

[0067] The advantage of this embodiment is that the final constant current charging saves 0.5 hours and the repair charging effect is better.

[0068] Embodiment 5

[0069] On the basis of Embodiment 4, the termination charging control method of "charging at a constant current of 0.8 A for 6 hours" is changed from setting 6 hours to the control module 1 monitoring the voltage of the storage battery. It is preset that the charging module charges at a constant current of 0.8 A for 10 hours. When the control module monitors that the voltage of the storage battery rises less than 0.05 V continuously for 3 hours or the voltage of the storage battery drops more than 0.05 V continuously for 1 hour, a control instruction with a charging logic of 0 is sent to the charging module 2 to end the final constant current charging of the charging module in real time.

[0070] In this embodiment and the foregoing embodiments, a heat dissipation device including an electric fan and a heat sink can be installed. The material of the heat sink is aluminum alloy, and its shape is multi-row sheet-like, which is thermally fixed to the discharge module 1. The electric fan is driven by direct current and is fixed on one side of the non-operation panel of the housing, and its power supply terminal is electrically connected to the adapted power supply.

Claims

1. A special charger for fully charging an electric vehicle battery, characterized in that, It includes a control module (1), a charging module (2), a DC power supply terminal (3) and a housing (5); the charging module (2) is fixed inside the housing (5), and its output terminal is connected to the DC power supply terminal (3) fixed on the housing (5) or the DC power cord of an external storage battery; the control functions stored in the control module (1) include voltage monitoring, charging, and timing. Its control terminal is connected to the charging module (2), and its signal input terminal is connected to the DC power supply terminal (3) or the DC power cord. The special charger is solidified with constant current charging in the early stage, constant voltage and current limiting charging, and saturated charging with constant current in the late stage according to the number of cells and nominal capacity of the external storage battery, and automatically terminates when the voltage no longer rises for 1 - 4 hours during the set time or in the late stage of constant current charging.

2. The special charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a digital display (4), which is arranged on the housing (5) and connected to the signal output terminal of the control module (1) inside the housing (5).

3. The special charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a data terminal (6) arranged on the housing (5) or a data cable of an external storage battery, which is connected to the signal input terminal of the control module (1) inside the housing (5).

4. The special charger according to claim 1, wherein, For the constant current charging in the early stage, the constant current value is selected in the range of 0.02 - 0.1 C / A, and the time value is selected in the range of 0.5 - 8 hours.

5. The special charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, For the constant voltage and current limiting charging, the constant voltage value is selected in the range of 2.5 - 2.8 V / cell, and the current limiting value is selected in the range of 0.1 - 0.5 C / A.

6. The special charger according to claim 1, wherein For the saturated charging with constant current in the late stage, the constant current value is selected in the range of 0.02 - 0.1 C / A.

7. The special charger according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, A certain period of static rest is set during the interval in the late stage of saturated charging.

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