Marine transportation and installation integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation ship
By improving the layout of the auxiliary crane and the main crane boom structure, the problem of low utilization and imbalance of deck space of large jack-up wind power installation ships is solved, and more efficient loading and installation capabilities are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422576306.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing large jack-up wind power installation ships have problems such as the auxiliary crane occupying a large deck area, which is not conducive to the hull balance, and the main crane boom form is unscientific, resulting in small loading capacity and low working efficiency.
The auxiliary crane is changed to a pile crane next to the main crane, and the main crane is in the form of articulated trusses of the main and auxiliary booms. The main crane boom structure is optimized, the deck loading area is increased, the ballast water is reduced, and the auxiliary crane is used to cover the blind spots of the main crane, and the main crane boom design is optimized to reduce weight and shorten the minimum working radius.
The deck loading capacity is increased, the loading speed and ship balance is improved, the effective loading area is expanded, and the fan installation efficiency and ship performance are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223161942U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power installation equipment, and particularly relates to an integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation ship for offshore transportation and installation. Background Technique
[0002] With the acceleration of global climate change and global green transformation, wind energy has begun to play a role in the energy transformation process. In particular, offshore wind power resources are rich, do not occupy land, do not consume water resources, and are suitable for large-scale development. As offshore wind power gradually moves into deep and far waters, the power generation advantages and economic advantages of intelligent ultra-large-capacity units will be further highlighted. Therefore, large-scale wind turbines are now being installed offshore on a large scale.
[0003] At present in China, the installation of offshore wind turbines generally adopts a mode of separating transportation and installation, that is, large transportation ships directly transport the wind turbine components to the wind power construction site, and then the wind power installation ship lifted up is used to install the wind turbines. This mode can still be constructed in the calm waters near the shore. In the areas with large wind and waves offshore, due to the poor wave adaptability and large swing of auxiliary ships such as transportation ships, the effective operation window time for construction is small, or even construction cannot be carried out. At present in China, it is gradually changing to an integrated mode, that is, the wind turbine is hoisted onto the deck of the wind power installation ship at a calm temporary dock near the wind farm, and only the self-elevating wind power installation ship sails to the construction site by itself, uses four legs to lift the hull off the water surface, and then carries out the installation construction. Most of the large wind power installation ships currently built adopt the installation of a large-capacity auxiliary crane beside another pile leg on the same side of the main crane to cooperate with each other to install the wind turbines.
[0004] At present, large self-elevating wind power installation ships mainly have the following defects:
[0005] (1) The auxiliary crane occupies a large deck area and is not conducive to the balance of the hull.
[0006] Since an auxiliary crane is installed beside another pile leg on the same side, in order to adjust the balance, thousands of tons of balancing water need to be added on the other side. This not only occupies the already small deck space, but also the effective loading capacity of the deck is small. Each time, only two 15mw wind turbines can be loaded, reducing the work efficiency.
[0007] (2) The boom form of the main crane is not scientific.
[0008] At present, the main hook of the main crane is 2500t and the lifting height is 160m, which is used for pile driving and the crane cabin; another 500t small hook is installed on the eagle head at the top of the boom, and the lifting height is 180m, which is used for hoisting small parts such as assembled three blades or single hoisted blades. The unreasonable part of this structure lies in:
[0009] First, a pile driving height of 120m is sufficient and 160m is not required. However, the crane cabin needs a lifting height of 160m or even higher, and the capacity of the small hook is insufficient. Currently, 1200t is needed.
[0010] Second, the boom head of the jib experiences a relatively large bending moment. The ideal state for the design of the crane boom is that the three forces of the suspended load, luffing tension, and boom axial force intersect in a plane. Such a force system only has pure tension and compression and no bending moment. This condition is met when the main hook is lifting a load, but not when the small hook is lifting a load. The boom head of the jib experiences a relatively large bending moment and has a large self-weight. Therefore, the load capacity and outreach of the small hook cannot be very large. 500t is already very large and cannot be increased further.
[0011] There is a retractable boom solution abroad. When the boom is fully retracted, the lifting capacity is the largest and the lifting height is low, and pile driving is carried out at this time. When the boom is fully extended, the lifting height is the highest, and the lifting capacity is only half of the maximum, which is just right for installing wind turbines. In order to solve this contradiction in China, some have reduced the lifting capacity of the main hook to 1600t, resulting in a reduction in pile driving capacity or the inability to drive piles. Utility Model Content
[0012] To solve the above problems, the present utility model discloses an integrated self-elevating large-scale offshore wind power installation vessel for transportation and installation, which adopts reasonable technical measures to expand the effective loading area of the deck, ensure the balance of the ship, increase the loading capacity, speed up the loading speed, and can also carry out deck pile turning to improve the ship's performance.
[0013] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present utility model is as follows:
[0014] An integrated self-elevating large-scale offshore wind power installation vessel for transportation and installation, comprising a hull, a superstructure (buildings above the deck, including the command tower, etc.), a full-rotation thruster, a lateral thruster, four pile legs, a main crane, and an auxiliary crane.
[0015] The main crane is arranged on the right pile leg at the stern of the ship in the form of a pile-around crane. The boom of the main crane adopts the form of a hinged truss of the main and auxiliary booms, and is composed of a main boom, an auxiliary boom, a column, a front cable, and a rear cable. A main hook and a deputy hook are arranged at the top of the main boom, and a small hook is arranged at the top of the auxiliary boom.
[0016] The auxiliary crane is arranged on the left pile leg at the stern of the ship in the form of a pile-around crane.
[0017] As a supplement to the present utility model, the hull is of a steel box-shaped structure, and the four pile legs are arranged at the four corners of the deck.
[0018] As a supplement to the present utility model, three full-rotation thrusters are arranged at the stern of the hull, and three fixed lateral thrusters are arranged at the bow of the hull.
[0019] As a supplement to the present utility model, the four pile legs are of triangular truss structure, driven by gear racks, and pile shoes are provided at the lower part of the pile legs.
[0020] As a supplement to the present utility model, the specific structure of the main crane boom is as follows.
[0021] The lower part of the main boom is installed on the rotary chassis of the around-pile crane in a hinged manner, the auxiliary boom is hinged to the top of the main boom, the lower part of the column is hinged together with the lower part of the auxiliary boom, the upper part of the front cable is hinged to the top of the auxiliary boom, and the lower part is hinged to the upper part of the column. The upper part of the rear cable is hinged to the upper part of the column, and the lower part is hinged to the lower part of the main boom.
[0022] As a supplement to the present utility model, the capacity of the auxiliary hook is one-third of that of the main hook.
[0023] As a supplement to the present utility model, the capacity of the hook of the auxiliary crane is one-seventh of the capacity of the main hook of the main crane.
[0024] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0025] (1) The auxiliary crane is changed to be arranged as an around-pile crane beside (on the other side of) the main crane. The auxiliary crane does not occupy the deck area, and the deck loading area can be significantly increased.
[0026] (2) Arranging the auxiliary crane on the other side of the main crane at the stern is equivalent to increasing the loading capacity at the stern, reducing the ballast balance water, and more wind turbine components can be loaded at the original position of the auxiliary crane, thus increasing the deck loading capacity of the whole ship.
[0027] (3) The auxiliary crane is arranged on the pile leg on the other side of the main crane, and its effective hoisting range just covers most of the blind areas of the main crane, and small components of the wind turbine can be installed using the auxiliary crane.
[0028] (4) After the improvement of the main crane, it can not only ensure the large lifting capacity for single-pile construction, but also take into account the lifting capacity and large lifting height required for wind turbine installation, and can also reduce the weight of the main crane boom and the minimum working radius.
[0029] (5) The auxiliary crane can cooperate with the main crane to turn the pile on the deck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] Figure 1 is the top view of the present utility model.
[0031] Figure 2 is the front view of the present utility model.
[0032] Figure 3 is the side view of the present utility model.
[0033] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the main crane boom of the present utility model.
[0034] List of drawing reference numerals:
[0035] 1. Hull, 2. Superstructure, 3. Azimuth thruster, 4. Lateral thruster, 5 - 8. Legs, 9. Main crane, 10. Auxiliary crane, 11. Main boom, 12. Auxiliary boom, 13. Column, 14. Front guy wire, 15. Rear guy wire, 16. Main hook, 17. Auxiliary hook, 18. Small hook, 19. Blade, 20. Engine room, 21. Tower barrel. Detailed implementation manners
[0036] The following further clarifies the present utility model in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation manners. It should be understood that the following specific implementation manners are only used to illustrate the present utility model and not to limit the scope of the present utility model.
[0037] As Figures 1-4 shown, a self - elevating large - scale wind power installation vessel integrating marine transportation and installation according to the present utility model includes a hull 1, a superstructure 2 (such as a cab, a command tower, etc.), an azimuth thruster 3, a lateral thruster 4, four truss - type legs 5 - 8, a main crane 9, and an auxiliary crane 10; among them,
[0038] The hull 1 is of a steel box - shaped structure. Three azimuth thrusters 3 are arranged at the stern of the ship, and three fixed lateral thrusters 4 are arranged at the bow of the ship. The ship is fully loaded with self - propelling ability, a speed of more than 10 knots, and DP2 dynamic positioning ability.
[0039] The four legs 5 on the deck are of triangular truss structure, driven by a rack and pinion, and large - area pile shoes are provided at the lower part of the legs.
[0040] The main crane 9 is located on the column leg at the right stern of the ship, in the form of a slewing crane around the leg. The crane boom adopts the form of a hinged truss of a main boom and an auxiliary boom, and is composed of a main boom 11, an auxiliary boom 12, a column 13, a front guy wire 14 and a rear guy wire 15. The front and rear guy wires are made of high - strength materials. A main hook 16 and an auxiliary hook 17 are provided at the top of the main boom. The capacity of the main hook meets the requirements of single - pile construction, and the capacity of the auxiliary hook is about one - third of that of the main hook; a small hook 18 is provided at the top of the auxiliary boom, and the capacity of the small hook meets the requirements of wind turbine installation.
[0041] The auxiliary crane 10 is located on the left leg at the stern of the ship, in the form of a slewing crane around the leg, and the capacity of the hook is about one - seventh of the capacity of the main hook of the main crane.
[0042] There are two main innovation points in the present utility model.
[0043] First, the auxiliary crane 10 originally arranged on the same side as the main crane is changed to be arranged beside the main crane (on the other side) as a slewing crane around the leg, as Figure 1 and 3 shown,
[0044] The advantages of such modification are as follows:
[0045] 1) It is beneficial to the balance of the ship and increases the effective loading capacity.
[0046] The original main and auxiliary cranes are on the same side of the ship, and there is more loading at the bow. The loading in the blind area of the main crane is less, resulting in a heavier front and a lighter rear. To ensure the balance of the ship, ballast water must be added to the stern, which will reduce the loading capacity. Arranging the auxiliary crane on the other side of the main crane at the stern is equivalent to increasing the loading capacity at the stern, reducing the ballast balancing water, and more wind turbine components can be loaded at the original position of the auxiliary crane, thus increasing the loading capacity of the whole ship. For the aforementioned typical 2500t wind power ship, after such improvement and optimization, no balancing water needs to be added. Three sets of 15mW wind turbines can be installed on the deck, with a total of 5751t. Only an additional variable load of 679t and an increase in the ship length of about 5m are required.
[0047] Table 1 is the ship balance calculation table for the improvement plan:
[0048]
[0049] Taking into account the fully loaded state of the ship, the longitudinal balance data is exactly the same as that of the original ship, and the longitudinal balance data is even better than that of the original ship, improving the balance state of the ship.
[0050] 2) The auxiliary crane does not occupy the deck area, and the stowed state of the boom of the auxiliary crane does not occupy the available space on the deck. The slewing boom of the auxiliary crane around the pile can be stowed beside the main crane in the loading state, which can significantly increase the available loading area on the deck.
[0051] 3) The auxiliary crane can appropriately load the blind area of the deck of the main crane, making full use of the deck area. Due to the increasing lifting height of the main crane, the minimum working radius of the main crane is also increasing, and the non-loadable blind area is very large, wasting the deck loading area. The auxiliary crane is arranged on the other side of the pile leg of the main crane, and its effective lifting range just covers most of the blind area of the main crane. Small components, accessories, tools, etc. for installing the wind turbine can be placed in the blind area of the main crane by using the auxiliary crane. This is more conducive to ensuring the balance of the ship, increasing the effective loading area of the deck, and thus increasing the cargo loading capacity.
[0052] 4) It speeds up the loading speed at the temporary dock at the construction site; according to the integrated transportation and installation mode, the components must be loaded onto the ship at the temporary dock. According to the original layout plan of the auxiliary crane, components of the wind turbine, including the tower 21, nacelle 20, hub, and three blades 19, must all be lifted by a single main crane, and the auxiliary crane cannot be used. With this solution, the three blades, small components, accessories, and tools can all be lifted by the auxiliary crane, shortening the loading time and speeding up the loading speed.
[0053] 5) The auxiliary crane can cooperate with the main crane to directly lift the monopile on the transport barge and can turn the pile in the air.
[0054] II. Optimized Design of the Main Crane Boom Form
[0055] The utility model adopts the form of a hinged triangular truss for the main and auxiliary booms, reducing the hoisting height of the main hook of the main crane to 120 m, which is only used for pile driving; the capacity of the small hook is 1200 t, and the hoisting height is 180 m. The small hook is only used for installing wind turbines, and wind turbines with a capacity of 20 MW or even larger can be installed. At present, the maximum weight of a single piece of new wind turbines is showing a downward trend. The nacelle and hub of a 20 MW wind turbine weigh less than 1000 t. The advantages of this solution are as follows:
[0056] First, all the auxiliary booms are tension and compression members, not subject to bending moment, and the force is more reasonable;
[0057] Second, the minimum working radius of the main hook is significantly reduced, the blind area becomes smaller, the loadable area on the deck is expanded, and it is convenient for the reasonable layout of the deck.
[0058] Third, the weight of the boom can be reduced. Without considering the influence of the stability of the compression bar, the weight of the boom is proportional to the load and length. The ratio of the boom weight of the improved solution to the original solution is approximately (2500*95 + 1200*75) / (2500*135 + 1200*15) = 0.92, which can reduce the weight by about 8%, approximately 50 t, which is sufficient to offset the weight of the front and rear guy wires. The height of the boom cross-section is 6 m, and the radius of gyration of the cross-section is considered to be at most 3 m. The slenderness ratio of the compression section with a lifting weight of 2500 t changes from 135 / 3 = 45 to 95 / 3 = 31.7, and the reduction coefficient changes from 0.8675 to 0.9324, an increase of 7.5%, that is, the weight can be reduced by 7.5%, 95*5*7.5% = 36 t.
[0059] After the improvement and optimization design, the performance of the ship is significantly improved, as shown in the following table:
[0060]
[0061] After measurement, the deck load of the 2500T wind power installation ship after modification has increased significantly. It can load three sets of 15 MW wind turbines. In addition, the main crane boom is changed to the form of a hinged truss of the main and auxiliary booms, which can not only ensure the large lifting capacity for single-pile construction, but also take into account the lifting capacity and large hoisting height required for wind turbine installation, and can also reduce the weight and minimum working radius of the main crane boom, improving the performance of the ship and providing an idea for the integrated transportation and installation of wind turbines.
[0062] It should be noted that the above content only illustrates the technical idea of the utility model and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the utility model, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the utility model.
Claims
1. An integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for maritime transportation and installation, characterized in that: It includes a hull, a superstructure, a fully rotatable thruster, a lateral thruster, four leg columns, a main crane and an auxiliary crane. The main crane is arranged on the right leg column at the stern of the ship in the form of a around-pile crane. The boom of the main crane adopts the form of a hinged truss of a main boom and a sub-boom, and is composed of a main boom, a sub-boom, a column, a front cable and a rear cable. A main hook and a sub-hook are provided at the top of the main boom, and a small hook is provided at the top of the sub-boom. The auxiliary crane is arranged on the left leg column at the stern of the ship in the form of a around-pile crane.
2. The integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, wherein: The hull is of a steel box structure, and the four leg columns are arranged at the four corners of the deck.
3. The integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, wherein: Three fully rotatable thrusters are arranged at the stern of the hull, and three fixed lateral thrusters are arranged at the bow of the hull.
4. The integrated jack-up large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, wherein: The four leg columns are of a triangular truss structure, driven by a rack and pinion, and pile shoes are provided at the lower parts of the leg columns.
5. The integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the boom of the main crane is as follows: the lower part of the main boom is installed on the rotating chassis of the around-pile crane in a hinged manner, the sub-boom is hinged to the top of the main boom, the lower part of the column is hinged together with the lower part of the sub-boom, the upper part of the front cable is hinged to the top of the sub-boom, the lower part is hinged to the upper part of the column, the upper part of the rear cable is hinged to the upper part of the column, and the lower part is hinged to the lower part of the main boom.
6. The integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacity of the sub-hook is one-third of that of the main hook.
7. The integrated self-elevating large-scale wind power installation vessel for offshore transportation and installation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capacity of the hook of the auxiliary crane is one-seventh of that of the main hook of the main crane.