Pretreatment system for straw fermentation

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of straw treatment, and provides a pretreatment system for straw fermentation, which comprises a feeding box, a gallery structure, a transmission mechanism, a fermentation pretreatment device and a feeding chamber, the feeding box is provided with a vibrating mechanism; the gallery structure is arranged between the feeding box and the fermentation pretreatment device, and a gallery space is formed in the gallery structure; one part of the transmission mechanism is arranged in the corridor space, and the starting end of the transmission mechanism is arranged below the feeding box; the fermentation pretreatment device comprises a main body container and a stirrer, the main body container is provided with a feeding hole, the stirrer is arranged in the main body container below the feeding hole, the feeding chamber is connected to the main body container and is positioned above the feeding hole, and a homogenizer is arranged in the feeding chamber. Through the arrangement of the feeding box, the feeding bearing capacity can be large, the straw pretreatment device can adapt to bearing of straw with different water contents, through the design of the vibration mechanism, the homogenizer and the belt, the straw pretreatment efficiency can be improved, the conditions of material leakage and the like can be reduced, and stable and uniform feeding of straw is kept.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of straw treatment, in particular to a pretreatment system for straw fermentation. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of straw is generated in our country every year. The mainstream utilization methods for a large amount of straw are to realize power generation or other utilization through straw combustion, and the other is to utilize straw fermentation to obtain biogas for resource utilization.

[0003] Due to the large temperature difference between the north and the south, and generally the straw collection time is concentrated and the storage time is long, during the use process, the water content in the straw is between 10% and 60%. In extremely cold regions, the straw is prone to caking, resulting in the overall agglomeration of the straw, which is not conducive to the transmission and transportation of the straw, leading to a reduction in processing efficiency and also not conducive to subsequent fermentation operations. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a pretreatment system for straw fermentation to solve the defects that the existing material pretreatment system is difficult to be applicable in extremely cold regions and difficult to effectively handle the agglomeration problem.

[0005] The utility model provides a pretreatment system for straw fermentation, including: a feed box, a corridor structure, a transmission mechanism, a fermentation pretreatment device and a feed chamber; the feed box is provided with a vibration mechanism, and the vibration mechanism is used to drive the materials in the feed box to vibrate; the corridor structure is arranged on one side of the feed box, and a corridor space is formed inside the corridor structure; at least a part of the transmission mechanism is arranged in the corridor space, the starting end of the transmission mechanism is arranged below the feed box, and the transmission mechanism is used to transmit the materials processed by the feed box; the fermentation pretreatment device includes a main container and a stirrer, the main container is provided with a feed inlet, the stirrer is arranged in the main container and is located below the feed inlet; the feed chamber is arranged on the main container and is located above the feed inlet, so that the feed space formed in the feed chamber is communicated with the feed inlet, a material distributor is arranged on one side wall of the feed chamber, the material distributor is located above the feed inlet, and the end of the transmission mechanism is located in the feed space and is placed above the material distributor.

[0006] According to the pretreatment system for straw fermentation provided by the utility model, an opening is formed on the side wall of the feed chamber connecting the material distributor, and the opening is connected with the corridor structure, so that the corridor space is communicated with the feed space.

[0007] According to the pretreatment system for straw fermentation provided by the utility model, the transmission mechanism includes a belt transmission device, and skirt structures are arranged on both sides of the belt in the belt transmission device.

[0008] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, a weighing sensor is provided on the belt conveyor, and the weighing sensor is used to sense the weight of the material on the conveyor belt.

[0009] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, the initial end of the belt conveyor has a straight section, and the straight section is located below the feed box.

[0010] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, the conveying inclination angle of the conveying mechanism is less than 30 degrees.

[0011] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, the corridor structure includes a frame body, and a heat preservation board is connected to the frame body to form the corridor space.

[0012] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, a cleaning part is provided at the end of the conveying mechanism, and the cleaning part is used to clean the material remaining on the conveying mechanism.

[0013] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, a cleaning distance is provided between the bottom of the conveying mechanism and the bottom plate of the corridor structure.

[0014] According to the pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model, the material spreading device includes multiple groups of rotating brush assemblies arranged at intervals, the rotating brush assembly includes two rollers arranged at intervals, the two rollers rotate towards each other, and steel brush structures are provided on the rollers.

[0015] A pre-treatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model can have a large feed bearing capacity through the setting of the feed box, can adapt to the bearing of straw with different water contents, and by setting a vibration mechanism on the feed box, it can break up larger agglomerated materials, and then enable the materials to evenly fall onto the conveying mechanism for rapid transmission, improving the overall feeding efficiency and feeding quality; further, the overall automation degree is improved through the continuous operation of the entire system, providing an effective and feasible solution for the automatic pre-treatment of fermentation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the pretreatment system for straw fermentation provided by the present utility model.

[0018] Reference numerals:

[0019] 1. Feed box; 2. Corridor structure; 21. Window; 3. Transmission mechanism; 31. Straight section; 32. Cleaning part; 4. Fermentation pretreatment device; 41. Main container; 42. Agitator; 43. Feed inlet; 5. Material leveling device; 6. Feed shed; 7. Column; 8. Foundation pit; 9. Feed chamber; 91. Feed space. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected" and "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this specification, the description referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0025] China has a vast territory, with a large temperature difference between the north and the south. Moreover, the collection time of straw is concentrated and the storage time is long. There is a large gap in the water content of straw (10%-60%) during use. This causes the load-bearing capacity to be insufficient when transporting materials with a large water content during the feeding of the transmission mechanism, resulting in poor stability and adaptability of the system.

[0026] Regarding the problems in the related art, such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the utility model provides a pretreatment system for straw fermentation, which includes a feeding box 1, a corridor structure 2, a transmission mechanism 3, a fermentation pretreatment device 4 and a feeding chamber 9. The feeding box 1 is provided with a vibration mechanism, which is used to drive the materials in the feeding box 1 to vibrate. The corridor structure 2 is arranged on one side of the feeding box 1, and a corridor space is formed inside the corridor structure 2. At least a part of the transmission mechanism 3 is arranged in the corridor space. The starting end of the transmission mechanism 3 is arranged below the feeding box 1, and the transmission mechanism 3 is used to transmit the materials processed by the feeding box 1. The fermentation pretreatment device 4 includes a main container 41 and a stirrer 42. A feeding port 43 is opened at the top of one end of the main container 41. The stirrer 42 is arranged inside the main container 41 and is located below the feeding port 43. The feeding chamber 9 is arranged on the main container 41 and is located above the feeding port 43, so that a feeding space 91 formed in the feeding chamber 9 is communicated with the feeding port 43. A material distributor 5 is arranged on one side wall of the feeding chamber 9. The material distributor 5 is located above the feeding port 43. The end of the transmission mechanism 3 is located in the feeding space 91 and is placed above the material distributor 5. In extremely cold regions, due to the low temperature, the straw is prone to freeze and form a caked or agglomerated structure, which is not conducive to the conveying of materials. In this embodiment, through the setting of the feeding box 1, the materials are first carried and pretreated by the feeding box 1, improving the quality and efficiency of material conveying.

[0027] It can be understood that the water content of straw in different regions or with different storage times is different. Specifically, through actual detection, it is known that the water content of the straw is between 10% and 60%. It can be seen that the difference in the water content of the straw is relatively large. This leads to a large change in the bearing weight of the transmission mechanism 3 if it is directly placed on the transmission mechanism 3, thus causing damage to the transmission mechanism 3. In this embodiment, through the feeding box 1, it can bear a large difference in bearing capacity and can vibrate as a whole through the vibration mechanism, so as to disperse the larger caked materials and realize the stable feeding of materials.

[0028] Specifically, when setting up, the pretreatment system for straw fermentation includes a feeding shed 6. The feeding box 1 is arranged in the feeding shed 6. There is a steel-concrete structure under the feeding shed 6. The steel-concrete structure is a semi-buried structure, where the underground part is a foundation pit 8. Columns 7 are arranged in the foundation pit 8. The feeding box 1 is connected to the columns 7 through elastic connectors. And a vibration motor is arranged on the feeding box 1, so that under the action of the vibration motor, the feeding box 1 can vibrate as a whole, thus realizing the dispersing operation of larger caked materials, facilitating stable feeding and being conducive to realizing automated operation. Among them, the elastic connectors can be springs or elastic blocks. When connected by springs, the whole is supported by springs. When the vibration motor operates, the whole can vibrate up and down, thus realizing the dispersing of caked materials.

[0029] In specific applications, the feeding box 1 is a chain plate type feeding box 1, and the chain plate type feeding box 1 is a feeding box 1 with a vibration mechanism. The specifically designed feeding box 1 has a size and volume of 40 cubic meters, and the plates of the feeding box 1 are treated with thickening and stiffeners, so that the loading capacity of the feeding box 1 is higher. Among them, the conveying rate of the feeding box 1 is designed to be 70-100 m³ / h, the maximum load is designed to be 15 t, and the transmission motor therein is set in a variable frequency adjustable mode, so that it can adjust the feeding amount of its materials through frequency conversion.

[0030] When specifically set, the feeding chamber 9 as a whole forms a relatively sealed feeding space 91. An opening is provided on the side wall of the feeding chamber 9 connecting to the material homogenizer 5, and the opening is connected to the corridor structure, so that the corridor space is communicated with the feeding space 91. That is, an opening is provided on one side wall of the feeding space 91, and the end of the belt transmission device extends into the feeding space 91 through the opening. One end of the corridor structure 2 is connected to the side wall with the opening, realizing the sealing between the corridor space and the feeding space 91, avoiding the exposure of the transmission mechanism 3 to the external environment, and being beneficial to use in extremely cold regions.

[0031] For example, the size of the feeding space is 6300*5700*3000 mm. The feeding space uses rock wool sandwich panels with a thickness of 100 mm. A heating device is installed indoors, and 2-3 cm thick polyurethane foam is sprayed on the inner wall surface of the feeding space.

[0032] In a specific implementation manner, the transmission motor is provided with a heating belt so that it can operate stably in extremely cold regions. And in the semi-buried steel concrete structure, the ground elevation is 0.5 m and the underground elevation is -1.8 m; it is ensured that both the forklift and the crusher belt can feed materials. The setting of the feeding shed 6 enables it to prevent rain and snow from entering the feeding box 1 and the foundation pit 8.

[0033] Specifically during feeding, the straw is sent into the feeding box 1 by a forklift. After vibration conveying, during the vibration process, some large frozen blocks can be shaken loose, so that the straw evenly falls onto the belt, realizing stable feeding.

[0034] According to an embodiment provided by the present invention, the transmission mechanism 3 includes a belt transmission device. During transmission, it is necessary to stably transport the materials to the fermentation pretreatment device 4. In this embodiment, through the limitation of the belt transmission device, it can stably transport and reduce material leakage.

[0035] It can be understood that the belt transmission device is entirely located in the corridor space, avoiding the interference of the external environment and being able to operate stably in extremely cold regions.

[0036] During specific settings, the belt in the belt transmission device adopts a V-shaped pattern inclined belt, and skirt structures are provided on both sides of the belt to facilitate the conveying of materials and reduce material leakage. The overall material of the belt is a cold-resistant belt, the transmission wheels are anti-slip wheels, and a heating belt is provided on the driving motor to ensure operation in extremely cold regions.

[0037] In a specific example, the conveying inclination angle a of the transmission mechanism 3 is less than 30 degrees. During design, in order to adapt to extremely cold conditions, the conveying inclination angle a of the transmission mechanism 3 is designed to be less than 30 degrees, which can achieve efficient transportation and reduce energy consumption.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the transmission mechanism 3 is a belt transmission mechanism 3, and its conveying inclination angle a is 21 degrees. The belt conveying mechanism includes a straight end and a climbing end. The straight section 31 is located at the starting section of the belt transmission device and is below the feed box 1 for receiving the materials output from the feed box 1. The climbing section is the main section of the belt transmission device, which is used to transport materials from a lower place to a higher place. Among them, the length of the straight section 31 is 3.88 meters, and the length of the climbing section is 26.25 meters.

[0039] In a further example, a cleaning part 32 is provided at the end of the transmission mechanism 3. The cleaning part 32 is used to clean the materials remaining on the transmission mechanism 3. Inevitably, a small amount of materials will remain on the belt during the belt transmission process. In this embodiment, by setting the cleaning part 32 at the end of the belt, the cleaning of the remaining materials is realized, thereby reducing material leakage.

[0040] During specific settings, a bead baffle is provided at the outer extension of the belt end, and a cleaning brush is connected to the bead baffle. The cleaning brush contacts the belt surface, so that the belt contacts the brush during movement to realize the cleaning of the remaining materials. The overall material leakage is not more than 1% of the conveying volume, reducing the overall material leakage.

[0041] In an embodiment provided by the present invention, a cleaning gap is provided between the bottom of the transmission mechanism 3 and the bottom plate of the corridor structure 2. The transmission mechanism 3 is arranged in the corridor space. For the convenience of cleaning, the bottom of the transmission mechanism 3 is spaced from the bottom surface of the corridor space. Such a setting is convenient for cleaning.

[0042] During specific settings, the cleaning gap is 450 millimeters. Through the setting of the cleaning gap, it is convenient for cleaning. Further, the shortest distance between the two side edges of the belt transmission device and the inner side wall of the corridor space is greater than 450 millimeters, which is convenient for the maintenance of the belt transmission device.

[0043] In an embodiment provided by the present invention, the corridor structure 2 includes a frame main body, and a heat preservation board is connected to the frame main body to form a corridor space. In this way, the transmission mechanism 3 can be protected, enabling it to operate stably under extremely cold conditions.

[0044] In specific settings, the corridor structure 2 adopts a steel structure frame form, with a width of 2.8 m and a net height of 2.2 m. The installation angle is parallel to the belt. The insulation board uses a 50-mm-thick rock wool sandwich panel, and the heat insulation coefficient is not greater than 0.35. A plurality of windows 21 are opened on the plate body of the corridor structure 2, and the plurality of windows 21 are arranged at intervals for later maintenance. Specifically, the windows 21 adopt plastic-steel energy-saving sliding windows.

[0045] In the specific embodiment provided by the present utility model, a weighing sensor is provided on the belt conveyor. The weighing sensor is used to sense the weight of the materials on the conveyor belt. The weighing sensor can monitor the weight of the transported materials in real time, so as to judge its transportation volume. Based on the transportation volume, automatic adjustment judgment can be realized, and overall automatic feeding adjustment can be achieved.

[0046] In an embodiment provided by the present utility model, the material equalizer 5 includes multiple groups of rotating brush components arranged at intervals. The rotating brush component includes two rollers arranged at intervals, and the two rollers rotate towards each other, and steel brush structures are provided on the rollers. When the materials are fermented in the fermentation pretreatment device 4, the materials need to be evenly dispersed for better fermentation and improved fermentation quality. In this embodiment, the frozen blocks in the straw are broken up by the material equalizer 5 so that the materials can enter the fermentation pretreatment device 4 evenly and fermentation can be realized.

[0047] It can be understood that the vibration structure of the feed box 1 breaks up large pieces of materials, but it is difficult to effectively break up small lumps of materials. In this embodiment, the two rollers rotate relative to each other to break up and crush the lumps, improving the fermentation quality.

[0048] In specific settings, the rollers and the steel brush structures are made of carbon steel anti-corrosion material. Their main bodies are installed at a position 350 mm below the end of the belt conveyor. The distance between adjacent rollers is 300 mm, the length of the rollers is 1.8 m, and the rollers are rotated by a single motor driver. Specifically, the relative rotation between adjacent rollers can be realized by means of gear transmission, and the motor can be adjusted as needed.

[0049] In specific settings, there is also an electrical processing system. The transmission motor of the feed box 1, the drive motor of the transmission mechanism 3, and the stirrer 42 in the fermentation pretreatment device 4 are all electrically connected to the electrical processing system, so that automatic control can be realized during the overall operation. Specifically, during the specific operation process, the weight of the transported materials is sensed through the weighing sensor, and based on the sensed data, the electrical processing system can speed up or slow down the conveying speed of the conveyor belt. Further, through the frequency conversion design of the feed box 1, the belt conveyor, and the stirrer 42, the speed of the equipment can be adjusted by frequency conversion, and then the feeding amount of the straw can be adjusted.

[0050] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that according to the complex raw material situation in China and the operating environment characteristics in the extremely cold regions in the north, by improving the structure of the feed box 1, the bearing capacity of straw with different water contents can be adapted, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the box body. By increasing the vibration of the feed box 1 and adding a dispersing device at the connection between the belt and the straw pretreatment, the number of frozen blocks in the straw can be effectively reduced, and the straw pretreatment efficiency can be improved. The belt is made of cold-resistant material with special patterns and skirt design, which can effectively reduce the situation of material leakage and reverse belt feeding, and ensure the uniform and stable feeding of straw. Linking the feed box 1, the belt, and the fermentation pretreatment device 4 to achieve full-automatic feeding, reducing the number of workers in the straw feeding process, can make the operation of the straw anaerobic fermentation system simpler and more efficient. It can effectively solve the technical difficulties of straw feeding in alpine regions in China, reduce the use of labor in the feeding process, increase the straw feeding speed, reduce the feeding cost and energy consumption, greatly improve the technical level of biogas utilization and the economic benefits of the biogas system project, and accelerate the development of biogas industrialization in alpine regions.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for straw fermentation, characterized in that, Comprising: A feed box, the feed box is provided with a vibration mechanism, and the vibration mechanism is used to drive the materials in the feed box to vibrate; A corridor structure, a corridor space is formed inside the corridor structure; A transmission mechanism, at least a part of the transmission mechanism is arranged in the corridor space, the starting end of the transmission mechanism is arranged below the feed box, and the transmission mechanism is used to transmit the materials processed by the feed box; A fermentation pretreatment device, the fermentation pretreatment device includes a main container and a stirrer, a feed inlet is opened on the main container, and the stirrer is arranged inside the main container and is located below the feed inlet; A feed chamber, the feed chamber is arranged on the main container and is located above the feed inlet, so that the feed space formed in the feed chamber is communicated with the feed inlet, a material distributor is arranged on one side wall of the feed chamber, the material distributor is located above the feed inlet, and the end of the transmission mechanism is located in the feed space and is placed above the material distributor.

2. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, wherein An opening is formed on the side wall of the feed chamber connecting the material distributor, and the opening is connected to the corridor structure, so that the corridor space is communicated with the feed space.

3. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism includes a belt transmission device, and skirt structures are arranged on both sides of the belt in the belt transmission device.

4. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 3, wherein A weighing sensor is arranged on the belt transmission device, and the weighing sensor is used to sense the weight of the materials on the conveyor belt.

5. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The initial end of the belt transmission device has a straight section, and the straight section is located below the feed box.

6. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying inclination angle of the transmission mechanism is less than 30 degrees.

7. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The corridor structure includes a frame body, and a heat preservation board is connected to the frame body to form the corridor space.

8. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, wherein, A cleaning part is arranged at the end of the transmission mechanism, and the cleaning part is used to clean the materials remaining on the transmission mechanism.

9. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, wherein A cleaning distance is arranged between the bottom of the transmission mechanism and the bottom plate of the corridor structure.

10. The pretreatment system for straw fermentation according to claim 1, wherein The material distributor includes multiple groups of rotating brush components arranged at intervals, each rotating brush component includes two rollers arranged at intervals, the two rollers rotate towards each other, and steel brush structures are arranged on the rollers.

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