Load reducing structure for open cut tunnel of high-fill tunnel

Abstract

A high fill tunnel open cut tunnel load reducing structure comprises a tunnel open cut tunnel, side slopes are arranged on the two sides of the tunnel open cut tunnel, a foam concrete curing layer is fixedly arranged at the top of the tunnel open cut tunnel, and a steel fiber concrete layer is fixedly arranged between the top of the foam concrete curing layer and the side slopes. The steel fiber reinforced concrete layer and the supporting structure bear the load on the upper portion and transmit the load to the foundation on the lower portion, so that the load transmitted to the open cut tunnel is conveniently reduced, the pressure of the vertical load of the open cut tunnel is conveniently and well reduced, and the defects of cracking, water seepage and the like of the lining structure of the tunnel under the pressure are avoided; and the EPS filler layers and the fly ash filler layers are arranged in a staggered mode, so that dynamic settlement and displacement deformation of the high fill on the upper portion can be better reduced, and the fill project is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel open cut, in particular to a load-reducing structure for a high-fill tunnel open cut. Background Technique

[0002] ‌An open cut tunnel‌ refers to a tunnel constructed by the open cut method, usually used for tunnels in sections with poor geology or shallow burial depths. The characteristic of an open cut tunnel is that a structure is first built on the open cut roadbed ground or in an open foundation pit, and then backfilled with earth and rock.

[0003] Among the existing utility models in China, the open cut tunnel structure with the publication number CN217399724U discloses an open cut tunnel structure for a tunnel, including a corrugated plate protection structure, and a ramming earth and rock layer is arranged on the corrugated plate protection structure; a clay water isolation layer is arranged on the ramming earth and rock layer. The utility model discloses an open cut tunnel structure for a tunnel. By using the corrugated plate protection structure, the main supporting function of the open cut tunnel structure can be realized, and the assembly of the open cut tunnel structure is facilitated, which is beneficial to improving the construction efficiency of the open cut tunnel structure; at the same time, the open cut tunnel structure disclosed by the utility model is covered with a clay water isolation layer, and the setting of the clay water isolation layer can effectively prevent and isolate water from invading into the open cut tunnel structure through the upper part of the open cut tunnel structure, thereby reducing or avoiding the erosion of the corrugated plate protection structure, and further effectively improving the service life of the open cut tunnel structure disclosed by the utility model.

[0004] When there are serious dangerous rocks or collapse threats on the mountain slope, sometimes high fills are used to effectively prevent falling rocks and collapses to ensure the safety of the tunnel. However, high-fill tunnel open cuts usually result in large loads on the tunnel open cut, causing excessive vertical load pressure on the tunnel open cut. Excessive vertical pressure on the tunnel open cut is likely to cause diseases such as cracking and water seepage in the tunnel lining structure, thus affecting the overall safety of the tunnel. Therefore, how to better reduce the vertical load pressure on the tunnel open cut and avoid diseases such as cracking and water seepage in the tunnel lining structure under pressure is an important problem to be solved in the design of the load-reducing structure for high-fill tunnel open cuts. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] The utility model provides a load-reducing structure for a high-fill tunnel open cut to solve the problem of excessive vertical load pressure on the high-fill tunnel open cut, which is likely to cause diseases such as cracking and water seepage in the tunnel lining structure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model provides a load-reducing structure for a high-fill tunnel open cut, including a tunnel open cut, with slopes arranged on both sides of the tunnel open cut, and further including:

[0008] A foam concrete solidification layer is fixedly provided on the top of the tunnel open hole, a steel fiber concrete layer is fixedly provided between the top of the foam concrete solidification layer and the side slope, a fly ash filler layer and an EPS filler layer are provided between the top of the steel fiber concrete layer and the side slope, a waterproof layer is provided between the top of the fly ash filler layer and the side slope, and a planting layer is provided on the top of the waterproof layer;

[0009] A supporting structure is provided in the steel fiber concrete layer.

[0010] The high fill tunnel open hole load reduction structure is configured as a circular arch structure.

[0011] The high fill tunnel open hole load reduction structure has foundations fixedly provided on both sides of the tunnel open hole, and the foundations are located between the side slopes on both sides.

[0012] In the high fill tunnel open hole load reduction structure, the bottom of the steel fiber concrete is fixedly arranged on the foundation.

[0013] In this technical solution, steel fiber concrete is a novel multiphase composite material formed by incorporating randomly distributed short steel fibers into ordinary concrete. These randomly distributed steel fibers effectively inhibit the expansion of microcracks within the concrete and the formation of macrocracks, significantly improving the concrete's tensile, flexural, impact, and fatigue resistance. With good ductility, steel fiber concrete can partially transfer the load transmitted from above to the foundation.

[0014] The described high fill tunnel open hole load reduction structure, the described support structure includes support arc rod 1, support rod 1, support arc rod 2 and support rod 2, the two ends of support arc rod 1 and support arc rod 2 are fixedly connected to the top of the foundation at equal distances, the bottom of support arc rod 2 is fixedly connected to support rod 2 at equal distances, and support arc rod 1 is fixedly connected to support arc rod 2 at equal distances between support arc rod 1 and support arc rod 2.

[0015] In this technical solution, the supporting structure as a whole is fixed on the foundation. Support arc rod 1, support rod 1, support arc rod 2 and support rod 2 bear the load from above and transfer the load to the foundation below, thereby minimizing the load transferred to the tunnel open hole. It can better reduce the pressure of the vertical load on the tunnel open hole and avoid cracking, water seepage and other defects of the tunnel lining structure under pressure.

[0016] In the open-hole load-reducing structure of the high-fill tunnel, the positions of the first supporting arc rod and the second supporting arc rod are staggered with each other.

[0017] In the open-hole load-reducing structure of the high-fill tunnel, the positions of the support rod 1 and the support rod 2 are staggered with each other.

[0018] For the described load-reducing structure of the open cut of the high-fill tunnel, there are three layers of fly ash filler layers and two layers of EPS filler layers, and the fly ash filler layers and the EPS filler layers are arranged in an interleaved manner with each other.

[0019] In this technical solution, EPS is a lightweight filler made of expanded polystyrene, with a density generally between 10 and 40 kg / m. EPS has good shock absorption performance. Arranging the EPS filler layer and the fly ash filler layer in an interleaved manner can reduce the dynamic settlement and displacement deformation of the upper high fill, making the fill project more stable.

[0020] For the described load-reducing structure of the open cut of the high-fill tunnel, there are three layers of geogrids arranged inside the side walls of the fly ash filler layer.

[0021] In this technical solution, the geogrid can effectively increase the bearing capacity of the fly ash filler layer. By increasing the overall strength and stability of the soil mass, it improves the bearing capacity of the fly ash filler layer, and can effectively prevent foundation settlement and damage. In addition, the geogrid can effectively prevent soil erosion and enhance the stability of the soil slope. It protects the integrity and safety of the soil slope by strengthening the overall structure of the soil mass and reducing the erosion effects of rainwater and wind on the soil slope.

[0022] For the described load-reducing structure of the open cut of the high-fill tunnel, the geogrid and each layer of the EPS filler layer are arranged in an interleaved manner with each other.

[0023] On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. By fixedly arranging the bottom of the steel fiber concrete layer on the foundation, part of the load transmitted from above can be transmitted to the foundation. The support structure as a whole is fixedly arranged on the foundation. The support arc rod 1, the support rod 1, the support arc rod 2, and the support rod 2 bear the load from above and transmit the load to the foundation below, which is convenient for reducing the load transmitted to the open cut of the tunnel, and is convenient for better reducing the pressure of the vertical load on the open cut of the tunnel, avoiding diseases such as cracking and water seepage of the lining structure of the tunnel under pressure.

[0026] 2. Since EPS is a lightweight filler made of expanded polystyrene and has good shock absorption performance, arranging the EPS filler layer and the fly ash filler layer in an interleaved manner is convenient for better reducing the dynamic settlement and displacement deformation of the upper high fill, making the fill project more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall internal structure of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the side internal structure of the overall of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support structure of the present utility model.

[0031] In the figure: 1, open cut tunnel; 2, foundation; 3, steel fiber concrete layer; 4, fly ash filler layer; 5, EPS filler layer; 6, geogrid; 7, waterproof layer; 8, planting layer; 9, support structure; 901, first support arc rod; 902, first support rod; 903, second support arc rod; 904, second support rod; 10, foam concrete curing layer; 11, slope. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The present utility model can be more detailedly explained through the following embodiments. The present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments. The purpose of disclosing the present utility model is to protect all changes and improvements within the scope of the present utility model;

[0033] Combined with the attached Figures 1 to 4 The load-reducing structure of the high-fill open cut tunnel of the present utility model includes an open cut tunnel 1. Slopes 11 are arranged on both sides of the open cut tunnel 1. It further includes:

[0034] A foam concrete curing layer 10 is fixedly arranged on the top of the open cut tunnel 1. A steel fiber concrete layer 3 is fixedly arranged between the top of the foam concrete curing layer 10 and the slope 11. A fly ash filler layer 4 and an EPS filler layer 5 are arranged between the top of the steel fiber concrete layer 3 and the slope 11. A waterproof layer 7 is arranged between the top of the fly ash filler layer 4 and the slope 11. A planting layer 8 is arranged on the top of the waterproof layer 7;

[0035] A support structure 9 is arranged inside the steel fiber concrete layer 3.

[0036] The open cut tunnel 1 is arranged in a circular arch structure.

[0037] Foundations 2 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the open cut tunnel 1. The foundations 2 are located between the slopes 11 on both sides.

[0038] The bottom of the steel fiber concrete is fixedly arranged on the foundation 2.

[0039] Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a novel multiphase composite material formed by incorporating randomly distributed short steel fibers into ordinary concrete. These randomly distributed steel fibers effectively inhibit the expansion of microcracks within the concrete and the formation of macrocracks, significantly improving the concrete's tensile, flexural, impact, and fatigue resistance. SFRC exhibits excellent ductility and can partially transfer loads from above to the foundation.

[0040] The supporting structure 9 includes supporting arc rod 1 901, supporting arc rod 1 902, supporting arc rod 2 903 and supporting arc rod 2 904. The two ends of supporting arc rod 1 901 and supporting arc rod 2 903 are fixedly connected to the top of foundation 2 at equal distances, the bottom of supporting arc rod 2 903 is fixedly connected to supporting rod 2 904 at equal distances, and supporting arc rod 1 902 is fixedly connected to supporting arc rod 1 901 and supporting arc rod 2 903 at equal distances.

[0041] The supporting structure 9 as a whole is fixedly set on the foundation 2. Support arc rod 1 901, support rod 1 902, support arc rod 2 903 and support rod 2 904 bear the load from above and transfer the load to the foundation 2 below, thereby minimizing the load transferred to the tunnel open hole 1, which can effectively reduce the pressure of the vertical load on the tunnel open hole 1 and avoid cracking, water seepage and other defects of the tunnel lining structure under pressure.

[0042] The positions of the supporting arc rod 1 901 and the supporting arc rod 2 903 are staggered with each other.

[0043] The positions of the support rod 1 902 and the support rod 2 904 are staggered with each other.

[0044] The fly ash filler layer 4 is provided with three layers, and the EPS filler layer 5 is provided with two layers. The fly ash filler layer 4 and the EPS filler layer 5 are arranged in an alternating manner.

[0045] EPS is a lightweight filler made of polystyrene foam with a density generally between 10 and 40 kg / m3. EPS has excellent shock absorption performance. Staggering the EPS filler layer 5 and the fly ash filler layer 4 can reduce the dynamic settlement and displacement deformation of the high fill above, making the fill project more stable.

[0046] Three layers of geogrids 6 are arranged in the side walls of the fly ash filler layer 4 .

[0047] Geogrids can effectively increase the bearing capacity of the fly ash filler layer 4 by increasing the overall strength and stability of the soil, improving the bearing capacity of the fly ash filler layer 4, and effectively preventing foundation settlement and damage. In addition, geogrids can effectively prevent soil erosion and enhance the stability of soil slopes. By strengthening the overall structure of the soil, it reduces the erosion of rain and wind on the soil slope, thereby protecting the integrity and safety of the soil slope.

[0048] The geogrid 6 and the EPS filler layer 5 are arranged in an alternating manner layer by layer.

[0049] When implementing the high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure of the present utility model, during use, the density of the foamed concrete is very low, usually between 300 - 1800 kg / m3, and it is arranged above the tunnel open cut 1. While improving the overall stability and safety of the tunnel open cut 1, the structural load is relatively low. The steel fiber concrete layer 3 has good compressive strength, tensile strength and crack resistance, and the bottom of the steel fiber concrete layer 3 is fixedly arranged on the foundation 2, which can transfer part of the load transmitted from above to the foundation 2. The support structure 9 as a whole is fixedly arranged on the foundation 2. The support arc rod one 901, the support rod one 902, the support arc rod two 903 and the support rod two 904 bear the load from above and transfer the load to the foundation 2 below, thereby reducing the load transmitted to the tunnel open cut 1, facilitating better reduction of the vertical load pressure on the tunnel open cut 1, and avoiding diseases such as cracking and water seepage of the lining structure of the tunnel under pressure. EPS is a lightweight filler made of expanded polystyrene, with a density generally between 10 - 40 kg / m3. EPS has good shock absorption performance. Arranging the EPS filler layer 5 and the fly ash filler layer 4 in an alternating manner can reduce the dynamic settlement and displacement deformation of the high fill above, making the filling project more stable.

[0050] The parts not detailed in the present utility model are prior art.

Claims

1. A load-reducing structure for a high-fill tunnel open cut, comprising a tunnel open cut (1), with slopes (11) arranged on both sides of the tunnel open cut (1), characterized in that, Further included are: A foamed concrete curing layer (10) is fixedly arranged at the top of the open cut tunnel (1). A steel fiber concrete layer (3) is fixedly arranged between the top of the foamed concrete curing layer (10) and the slope (11). A fly ash filler layer (4) and an EPS filler layer (5) are arranged between the top of the steel fiber concrete layer (3) and the slope (11). A waterproof layer (7) is arranged between the top of the fly ash filler layer (4) and the slope (11). A planting layer (8) is arranged at the top of the waterproof layer (7); A support structure (9), which is arranged in the steel fiber concrete layer (3).

2. The high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure according to claim 1, wherein: The open cut tunnel (1) is arranged in a circular arch structure.

3. The load-reducing structure for the open cut tunnel of high embankment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Foundations (2) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the open cut tunnel (1), and the foundations (2) are located between the slopes (11) on both sides.

4. The high embankment tunnel open cut load reduction structure according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the steel fiber concrete is fixedly arranged on the foundation (2).

5. The high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support structure (9) includes a support arc rod one (901), a support rod one (902), a support arc rod two (903) and a support rod two (904). Both ends of the support arc rod one (901) and the support arc rod two (903) are fixedly connected to the top of the foundation (2) at equal distances. The bottom of the support arc rod two (903) is fixedly connected with the support rod two (904) at equal distances. The support rod one (902) is fixedly connected between the support arc rod one (901) and the support arc rod two (903) at equal distances.

6. The high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positions of the support arc rod one (901) and the support arc rod two (903) are arranged to be staggered from each other.

7. The high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure according to claim 5, wherein: The positions of the support rod one (902) and the support rod two (904) are arranged to be staggered from each other.

8. The load-reducing structure for open cut tunnel in high fill as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The fly ash filler layer (4) is arranged in three layers, the EPS filler layer (5) is arranged in two layers, and the fly ash filler layer (4) and the EPS filler layer (5) are arranged to be staggered with each other layer by layer.

9. The high-fill tunnel open cut load-reducing structure according to claim 8, wherein: Three layers of geogrids (6) are arranged in the side wall of the fly ash filler layer (4).

10. The high embankment tunnel open cut load reducing structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The geogrids (6) are arranged to be staggered with each layer of the EPS filler layer (5).

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