Feeding device, air distribution device and biomass boiler

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass boilers, and particularly relates to a feeding device, an air distribution device and a biomass boiler. The feeding device comprises a hopper and further comprises a wind power feeding pipe, and the discharging end of the hopper is communicated with the wind power feeding pipe. The wind power feeding pipe is communicated with the feeding connecting pipe; the blower device is connected to the end, away from the feeding connecting pipe, of the wind power feeding pipe; the blowing device inputs oxygen-containing gas into the wind power feeding pipe, the oxygen-containing gas conveys materials falling into the wind power feeding pipe from the hopper into the feeding connecting pipe, and the materials in the feeding connecting pipe are sprayed into the boiler under the action of the oxygen-containing gas. The blowing device is arranged to convey oxygen-containing gas to the wind power feeding pipe, materials are pushed into the boiler through the oxygen-containing gas, on one hand, feeding can be achieved, on the other hand, a large amount of oxygen is fed into the boiler, and air blown by the blowing device can be reduced or even not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass boilers, and particularly relates to a feeding device, an air distribution device and a biomass boiler. Background Art

[0002] A biomass boiler is a boiler device that uses biomass as fuel, and is usually used to generate heat energy or steam to supply the needs of industrial production or heating, etc. Compared with traditional coal-fired boilers, biomass boilers have the following characteristics and advantages:

[0003] Utilizing renewable energy, biomass is one of the renewable energy sources. Using biomass as fuel can effectively reduce the dependence on fossil energy and reduce the impact on the environment.

[0004] Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide generated by biomass combustion are balanced with the carbon dioxide absorbed during the growth process of biomass, so that the biomass steam boiler reduces air pollution during operation.

[0005] Multiple fuel options, the biomass steam boiler can use various biomass as fuel, including wood chips, straws, wastes, etc., and has a large fuel selection range.

[0006] High-efficiency utilization, through advanced combustion technology and heat exchange system, the biomass steam boiler can achieve high-efficiency utilization of biomass energy and improve energy utilization rate.

[0007] Wide application range, the biomass steam boiler is applicable to various occasions with steam demand in industrial production processes, such as food processing, textile, chemical industry and other fields.

[0008] Environmental protection and energy saving, the operation of the biomass steam boiler not only reduces the consumption of fossil energy, but also can effectively reduce the emission of air pollutants, meeting the requirements of modern society for environmental protection and sustainable development.

[0009] For solid biomass materials, the traditional feeding method is manual feeding. The operator manually puts biomass fuels (such as wood chips, wood blocks, straws, etc.) into the furnace or grate one by one. This method is simple and direct, but has a large labor intensity and is suitable for small biomass boilers or situations that require customized operations.

[0010] In order to reduce the labor intensity, automatic feeding has been developed on the basis of manual feeding. Automatic feeding usually adopts methods such as conveyor belts, screw conveyors or vibrators, etc., and can achieve continuous and uniform fuel feeding.

[0011] However, the above-mentioned automatic feeding methods all need to be equipped with a blast device to ensure that there is enough oxygen in the biomass boiler. Summary of the Utility Model

[0012] The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is as follows: to provide a feeding device which can reduce the air volume requirement of the air blowing device for a biomass boiler. The present utility model also provides an air distribution device cooperating with the feeding device, and a biomass boiler adopting the above feeding device and air distribution device.

[0013] The technical solution proposed by the present utility model is as follows:

[0014] In the first aspect, the present utility model provides a feeding device, including a hopper. The feeding device further includes:

[0015] A pneumatic feeding pipe, the discharge end of the hopper is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe;

[0016] A feed inlet connecting pipe, the pneumatic feeding pipe is communicated with the feed inlet connecting pipe;

[0017] An air blowing device, the air blowing device is connected to the end of the pneumatic feeding pipe far from the feed inlet connecting pipe;

[0018] The air blowing device inputs oxygen-containing gas into the pneumatic feeding pipe, and the oxygen-containing gas conveys the material falling from the hopper into the pneumatic feeding pipe to the feed inlet connecting pipe. The material in the feed inlet connecting pipe is sprayed into the boiler under the action of the oxygen-containing gas.

[0019] Optionally, the feed inlet connecting pipe includes a spraying section, the opening of the spraying section is arranged upward, and the material enters the boiler through the spraying section.

[0020] Optionally, the axis of the spraying section is parallel to the vertical direction.

[0021] Optionally, it further includes:

[0022] A guide pipe, the discharge end of the hopper is communicated with the guide pipe, and the discharge end of the guide pipe is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe;

[0023] A conveying device, the conveying device pushes the material in the guide pipe towards the discharge end of the guide pipe.

[0024] Optionally, the conveying device is a screw conveyor.

[0025] Optionally, it further includes:

[0026] A connecting pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the discharge end of the guide pipe, and the other end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe;

[0027] The connecting pipe includes a secondary feeding pipe, one end of the secondary feeding pipe is connected to the pneumatic feeding pipe, and the secondary feeding pipe and the pneumatic feeding pipe form an angle, and this angle is used to prevent the oxygen-containing gas from flowing along the connecting pipe to the guide pipe.

[0028] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an air distribution device, which is used in conjunction with the aforementioned feeding device, and the air distribution device includes:

[0029] A hearth with multiple hoods evenly arranged on the hearth;

[0030] The discharge end of the feed pipe is located at the upper end of the hearth, and the material ejected through the feed pipe is evenly distributed above the hearth under the action of multiple air hoods.

[0031] Optionally, the air outlet of the hood faces the hearth, and the air outlet of the hood forms an angle with the vertical direction.

[0032] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a biomass boiler, comprising:

[0033] The aforementioned feeding device;

[0034] The aforementioned air distribution device;

[0035] The air distribution device is used in conjunction with at least one feeding device.

[0036] Optionally, also include:

[0037] The furnace wall and the furnace top form a furnace, and the air distribution device is arranged in the furnace.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] The utility model provides a blast device to transport oxygen-containing gas to the wind feeding pipe, and pushes the material into the boiler through the oxygen-containing gas. On the one hand, it can realize feeding, and on the other hand, it can send a large amount of oxygen into the boiler, which can reduce or even eliminate the need for the blast device to blow air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the feeding device of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 For this utility model Figure 1 Side view of

[0043] Figure 3 For this utility model Figure 1 A top view of

[0044] Figure 4 A top view of the hearth of the utility model;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biomass boiler of the utility model;

[0046] Figure 6 For this utility model Figure 5 sectional view of ;

[0047] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the feed pipe of the utility model;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wind hood of the utility model.

[0049] In the figure: 100, feeding device; 110, hopper; 120, pneumatic feeding pipe; 130, feeding pipe; 140, connecting pipe; 150, material guide pipe; 160, primary material drop pipe; 131, spraying section; 132, bending section; 133, connecting section; 141, secondary material drop pipe; 142, secondary feeding pipe; 151, conveying device; 200, air distribution device; 210, hearth; 220, wind hood; 221, air guide section; 222, connecting section; 223, gas storage section; 300, biomass boiler; 310, furnace wall; 320, furnace top. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1-8, the present utility model provides a feeding device 100, which is used to convey biomass fuel to a boiler. The feeding device 100 includes a hopper 110, a pneumatic feeding pipe 120, a feeding connection pipe 130 and a blowing device. Among them, the outlet of the feeding connection pipe 130 is arranged inside the boiler, the pneumatic feeding pipe 120 is communicated with the feeding connection pipe 130, one end of the pneumatic feeding pipe 120 far away from the feeding connection pipe 130 is connected with the blowing device, the hopper 110 is arranged outside the boiler, and the material discharged from the discharging end of the hopper 110 is input into the pneumatic feeding pipe 120.

[0054] Specifically, the material in the hopper 110 falls into the pneumatic feeding pipe 120, and the blowing device inputs oxygen-containing gas into the pneumatic feeding pipe 120. The oxygen-containing gas drives the material to enter the boiler through the feeding connection pipe 130, realizing feeding.

[0055] After the present utility model is used up, it can be cleaned by continuously blowing air into the pneumatic feeding pipe 120 by the blowing device for a period of time, without the need to clean by manual or other cleaning equipment. The cleaning method is simple and convenient.

[0056] It should be noted that the blowing device can adopt a blower, an air compressor, etc.

[0057] It should be noted that the biomass fuel (i.e., the above-mentioned material) adopted in the present utility model has corresponding requirements for particle size, and preferably formed biomass fuel (formed biomass fuel refers to a class of biomass energy products that process biomass raw materials and make solid particle fuels through a series of forming processes).

[0058] It should be noted that the oxygen-containing gas in this solution is preferably air.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] Reference Figure 7 , the structure of the feeding connection pipe 130 will be further described.

[0061] The feeding connection pipe 130 includes a spraying section 131, a bending section 132 and a connecting section 133 connected in sequence. Among them, the connecting section 133 is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe 120, the bending section 132 is arranged in an arc shape, which is used to guide the oxygen-containing gas into the spraying section 131. The arc shape can guide the oxygen-containing gas to turn and reduce the energy loss of the oxygen-containing gas; the opening of the spraying section 131 faces upward. When the material enters the boiler, due to the diffusion of the oxygen-containing gas and the action of gravity, the trajectory of the material after spraying is parabolic and disperses around the opening of the spraying section 131. Therefore, by using gas to drive the biomass fuel and cooperating with the spraying section 131 with an upward opening, the agglomerated biomass fuel can be dispersed, so that the biomass fuel particles can fully contact with air, reducing or avoiding the situation of incomplete combustion and improving the combustion efficiency.

[0062] Further preferably, the spraying section 131 is arranged along the vertical direction (the direction of gravity). In this way, it can be further ensured that the sprayed biomass fuel is evenly dispersed around the spraying section 131.

[0063] It should be noted that the directions of the wind feeding pipe 120 and the connecting section 133 are not limited in the above solution. Preferably, in this solution, the wind feeding pipe 120 and the connecting section 133 are arranged along the horizontal direction.

[0064] Embodiment 3

[0065] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , further improvement and description are made on the connection mode between the hopper 110 and the wind feeding pipe 120.

[0066] A material guiding pipe 150 is also provided. A conveying device 151 is arranged in the material guiding pipe 150. The conveying device 151 pushes the biomass fuel from the feeding end of the material guiding pipe 150 to the discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150. The discharging end of the hopper 110 is connected to the feeding end above the material guiding pipe 150. The feeding end of the material guiding pipe 150 is located at the rear side of the material guiding pipe 150. The discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150 is located below the material guiding pipe 150. The discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150 is located at the front side of the material guiding pipe 150. The discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150 is communicated with the wind feeding pipe 120. After the conveying device 151 is started, the materials dropped into the material guiding pipe 150 by the hopper 110 can be pushed by the conveying device 151 to move towards the discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150.

[0067] By providing the material guiding pipe 150 and the conveying device 151, the blockage of the hopper 110 can be prevented and continuous feeding can be realized.

[0068] As a further solution, the conveying device 151 can be a screw conveyor.

[0069] It should be noted that the conveying device 151 can also be a vibrator.

[0070] Further preferably, the screw conveyor includes a rotating shaft and blades spirally wound around the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is arranged along the front-back direction. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the material guiding pipe 150. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a motor or other power equipment, so as to push the biomass fuel towards the discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150 through the blades.

[0071] As a further solution, a connecting pipe 140 is also provided. The upper end of the connecting pipe 140 is communicated with the discharging end of the material guiding pipe 150, and the lower end of the connecting pipe 140 is communicated with the wind feeding pipe 120.

[0072] Further preferably, the connecting pipe 140 includes a secondary blanking pipe 141 and a secondary feeding pipe 142 which are connected to each other from top to bottom.

[0073] Even more preferably, the cross-sectional area of the secondary blanking pipe 141 increases sequentially from top to bottom. In this way, the blanking speed can be increased and blockage of materials can be prevented. The cross-sectional area of the secondary feeding pipe 142 decreases sequentially from top to bottom, so that the lower end of the secondary feeding pipe 142 can be adapted to the relatively small-sized pneumatic feeding pipe 120. Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the cross-sections of both the secondary blanking pipe 141 and the secondary feeding pipe 142 are rectangular, the longitudinal sections of both the secondary blanking pipe 141 and the secondary feeding pipe 142 in the left-right direction are triangular, and the included angle between the two inclined surfaces of the secondary blanking pipe 141 is smaller than the included angle between the two inclined surfaces of the secondary feeding pipe 142.

[0074] The secondary feeding pipe 142 is inclined (at this time, the pneumatic feeding pipe 120 is arranged horizontally), and the axis of the secondary feeding pipe 142 and the axis of the pneumatic feeding pipe 120 have an included angle b (as Figure 2 shown). Specifically, the oxygen-containing gas moves from back to front in the pneumatic feeding pipe 120, the upper end of the secondary feeding pipe 142 is located at the rear, and the lower end of the secondary feeding pipe 142 is located at the front. With this design, on the one hand, a forward moving force can be provided for the biomass fuel, reducing the force required for the oxygen-containing gas to push the biomass fuel; on the other hand, it can prevent the oxygen-containing gas from entering the guide pipe 150 along the connecting pipe 140.

[0075] As a further solution, the angle of the included angle b is 30 to 75 degrees.

[0076] As a further solution, a primary blanking connection pipe 160 is also provided. The upper end of the primary blanking connection pipe 160 is connected to the discharge end of the hopper 110, and the lower end of the primary blanking connection pipe 160 is connected to the feeding end of the guide pipe 150. By providing the primary blanking connection pipe 160, the hopper 110 can be communicated with the guide pipe 150, so that the materials in the hopper 110 can be conveyed into the guide pipe 150.

[0077] Further preferably, the cross-section of the primary blanking connection pipe 160 is rectangular, the cross-sectional area of the primary blanking connection pipe 160 decreases sequentially from top to bottom, and the longitudinal section of the primary blanking connection pipe 160 in the left-right direction is triangular. In this way, the primary blanking connection pipe 160 can be matched with the relatively small-sized guide pipe 150.

[0078] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, taking Figure 1 the front view as the coordinate system, the two hoppers are arranged oppositely in the left-right direction, the direction in which the materials fall under the action of gravity is the up-down direction, Figure 2 and the conveying direction of the spiral stirring shaft in

[0079] Example 4

[0080] The present invention further provides an air distribution device 200 , which is used in conjunction with the feeding device 100 of the above embodiment. The air distribution device 200 includes a hearth 210 disposed in the boiler, and a plurality of hoods 220 are evenly disposed on the hearth 210 .

[0081] The material is sprayed above the hearth 210 along the feed pipe 130, and the gas ejected from multiple hoods 220 forms an airflow from bottom to top. Under the action of the airflow, the material is further dispersed above the hearth 210, and can be more fully in contact with the air during combustion, reducing or avoiding the situation of incomplete combustion of the material.

[0082] The hearth 210 adopts an air distribution plate, and at least one slag discharge port is also provided on the hearth 210.

[0083] As a further solution, the feed pipe 130 penetrates the hearth 210 from bottom to top. A plurality of hoods 220 are evenly distributed on the hearth 210.

[0084] As a further solution, refer to Figure 8 The hood 220 includes an air guide section 221, a connecting section 222, and an air storage section 223 connected in sequence from bottom to top. The air guide section 221 is connected to the air path. The cross-sectional area of the air storage section 223 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the air guide section 221. The connecting section 222 is an inclined surface or an arc surface. The air outlet of the hood 220 is set in the connecting section 222, and when the gas is ejected from the air outlet of the hood 220, it forms an angle a with the vertical direction (such as Figure 8 After being ejected, the gas hits the upper surface of the hearth 210 and is refracted. The upward refracted gas also forms an angle with the vertical direction. The gas acts on the material, vertically slowing down the falling speed of the material or allowing the material to suspend at a predetermined height; and horizontally pushing the material away from the hood 220.

[0085] More preferably, the angle a is 30 to 75 degrees.

[0086] Further preferably, in this solution, the number of air outlets on the hood 220 is 8, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the connecting section 222. Obviously, the number of air outlets on the hood 220 can be appropriately increased or decreased according to needs.

[0087] It should be noted that, in this solution, the gas ejected from the hood 220 is preferably air. The gas may further pass through a pressurizing device or a speed regulating device to change its pressure or speed.

[0088] In this solution, two sets of feeding devices 100 are provided, and the spraying sections 131 of the two sets of feeding devices 100 are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the furnace bed 210. Obviously, according to the size of the biomass boiler 300, the number of feeding devices 100 can be reduced or increased.

[0089] Embodiment 5

[0090] The present utility model also provides a biomass boiler 300, which adopts the aforementioned feeding device 100 and air distribution device 200. The air distribution device 200 can be used in combination with one feeding device 200, or can also be used in combination with multiple feeding devices 200.

[0091] As a further solution, a furnace wall 310 is arranged around the air distribution device 200, and a furnace top 320 is arranged at the upper end of the air distribution device 200, thus forming a furnace chamber. Both the furnace wall 310 and the furnace top 320 are made of refractory clay. The furnace chamber made in this way can improve the thermal efficiency, save energy, improve the thermal performance, extend the service life, reduce the pollution emission, optimize the combustion, etc.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feeding device, comprising a hopper (110), characterized in that, The feeding device (100) further includes: A pneumatic feeding pipe (120), and the hopper (110) is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe (120); A feed connection pipe (130), and the pneumatic feeding pipe (120) is communicated with the feed connection pipe (130); A blowing device, which is connected to one end of the pneumatic feeding pipe (120) away from the feed connection pipe (130); The blowing device inputs oxygen-containing gas into the pneumatic feeding pipe (120), and the oxygen-containing gas transports the material falling from the hopper (110) into the pneumatic feeding pipe (120) to the feed connection pipe (130), and the material in the feed connection pipe (130) is sprayed into the boiler under the action of the oxygen-containing gas.

2. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed connection pipe (130) includes a spraying section (131), and the opening of the spraying section (131) is arranged upward, and the material enters the boiler through the spraying section (131).

3. The feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis of the spraying section (131) is parallel to the vertical direction.

4. The feeding device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It further includes: A guide pipe (150), the discharge end of the hopper (110) is communicated with the guide pipe (150), and the discharge end of the guide pipe (150) is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe (120); A conveying device (151), and the conveying device (151) pushes the material in the guide pipe (150) to move towards the discharge end of the guide pipe (150).

5. The feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conveying device (151) is a screw conveyor.

6. The feeding device according to claim 4, wherein, It further includes: A connecting pipe (140), one end of the connecting pipe (140) is communicated with the discharge end of the guide pipe (150), and the other end of the connecting pipe (140) is communicated with the pneumatic feeding pipe (120); The connecting pipe (140) includes a secondary feeding pipe (142), one end of the secondary feeding pipe (142) is connected to the pneumatic feeding pipe (120), and the secondary feeding pipe (142) has an included angle with the pneumatic feeding pipe (120), and this included angle is used to prevent the oxygen-containing gas from flowing along the connecting pipe (140) to the guide pipe (150).

7. A air distribution device, which is used in cooperation with at least one of the feeding devices described in any one of the above claims 1-6, and is characterized in that, The air distribution device includes: A furnace bed (210), and a plurality of air caps (220) are uniformly arranged on the furnace bed (210); The discharge end of the feed connection pipe (130) is located at the upper end of the furnace bed (210), and the material sprayed through the feed connection pipe (130) is uniformly distributed above the furnace bed (210) under the action of the plurality of air caps (220).

8. The air distribution device according to claim 7, wherein, The air outlet of the air cap (220) faces the furnace bed (210), and the air outlet of the air cap (220) has an included angle with the vertical direction.

9. A biomass boiler, characterized in that, It includes: The feeding device according to any one of claims 1-6; The air distribution device according to claim 7 or 8; The air distribution device is used in combination with at least one feeding device.

10. The biomass boiler according to claim 9, characterized in that, It further includes: A furnace wall (310) and a furnace top (320), the furnace wall (310) and the furnace top (320) enclose a furnace chamber, and the air distribution device (200) is arranged in the furnace chamber.

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