Steel rail asymmetry measuring device taking rail waist as reference

Abstract

A steel rail asymmetry measuring device taking a rail web as a reference belongs to the technical field of steel rail detection instruments and is used for measuring the asymmetry of a steel rail. According to the technical scheme, the upper end edge, the lower end edge and the outer side edge of a steel rail formwork of a measuring datum plate are each in a bent shape, the bent shapes are matched with the lower bottom face of a steel rail head, the upper top face of a rail bottom and a rail web respectively, and one end of an upper magnetic railing ruler fixing plate and one end of a lower magnetic railing ruler fixing plate are connected with the upper end and the lower end of the steel rail formwork into a whole respectively; the two magnetic railing rulers are fixed on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic railing ruler fixing plate and the lower magnetic railing ruler fixing plate, the auxiliary reference plate and the steel rail template of the measuring reference plate are the same and are parallel and opposite, and the two ends of the connecting plate are respectively welded and connected with the plate surfaces of the measuring reference plate and the auxiliary reference plate. The measuring device is simple in structure and easy to operate, the measuring device is attached to the contour of the waist of the steel rail, and the two magnetic railing rulers can rapidly and accurately measure the asymmetry degree of the rail heads and the rail bottoms of the steel rails on the left side and the right side with the rail waist of the steel rail as the benchmark.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a rail asymmetry measuring device based on the rail web, belonging to the technical field of rail detection instruments. Background Art

[0002] A rail is a long profile with a complex shape, and its cross-section is in the shape of an I-beam. The center line of the rail web is the theoretical axis of symmetry of the entire rail cross-section. During rail production, affected by the rolling and straightening deformation laws, the shape of the rail web is relatively stable and symmetrical, while there are asymmetrical phenomena of the rail base and rail head relative to the theoretical axis of symmetry. When rails are welded, the waists of two rails need to be centered and aligned. At this time, the asymmetrical phenomena of the rail head and rail base will cause the end faces of the rail head and rail base to be unable to be completely centered and aligned, resulting in an offset. Therefore, before rail welding, it is necessary to measure and evaluate the asymmetry of the rails, select rails with relatively consistent symmetry for welding, so as to reduce the occurrence of offset and ensure the smoothness after welding.

[0003] The traditional measurement method is to use a symmetry template based on the rail head or rail base for qualitative inspection. This method only measures the asymmetry degree of the rail head relative to the rail base, and cannot quantitatively evaluate the asymmetry degree of the rail head or rail base relative to the rail web. As a result, after the waists of two rails that pass the inspection are aligned, there is still a relatively serious offset of the rail head or rail base, affecting the welding quality. At the same time, when using the template for inspection, there are high precision requirements for the verticality of the template placement and the wear amount of the template, etc., with a large operation difficulty, low measurement accuracy, repeatability and measurement efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the traditional measurement method to achieve rapid and accurate measurement of the asymmetry of the rail head and rail base on the left and right sides of the rail with the rail web as the reference. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a rail asymmetry measuring device based on the rail web. This measuring device can achieve rapid and accurate measurement of the asymmetry of the rail head and rail base on the left and right sides with the rail web as the reference through two contact measuring rulers, thereby improving the quality of rail detection and ensuring the smoothness of rail welding.

[0006] The technical solution to solve the above technical problem is:

[0007] A rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference, which includes a measurement reference plate, an auxiliary reference plate, a connecting plate, and a magnetic scale. The measurement reference plate consists of a rail template, an upper magnetic scale fixing plate, and a lower magnetic scale fixing plate. The rail template is a rectangular steel plate. The upper edge, lower edge, and outer edge of the rectangular plate surface of the rail template are respectively in a curved shape. The curved shapes of the upper edge and lower edge of the plate surface are respectively matched with the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The curved shape of the outer edge of the plate surface is matched with the rail web. The plate surface of the rail template is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail. The rail template is placed on the side of the rail. The inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template is located between the upper surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate are respectively horizontal rectangular plates. One end of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template as a whole. There are connection holes on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate. Two magnetic scales are fixed on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate through bolts and connection holes. The auxiliary reference plate is the same as the rail template of the measurement reference plate. The plate surface of the auxiliary reference plate is parallel and opposite to the plate surface of the measurement reference plate. The connecting plate is located between the measurement reference plate and the auxiliary reference plate. The two ends of the connecting plate are respectively welded to the plate surfaces of the measurement reference plate and the auxiliary reference plate.

[0008] For the above-mentioned rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference, the length of the rail template of the measurement reference plate is less than the distance between the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom of the standard rail. The inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template is located outside the end face of the rail head of the standard rail. The lower parts of the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate are respectively connected to the inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template by inclined edges.

[0009] For the above-mentioned rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference, there is a threaded hole in the center of the connecting plate. There is a magnet on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate. The magnet is rectangular. There is a counterbore in the center of the magnet. The countersunk screw fixes the magnet on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate through the counterbore and the threaded hole. The thickness of the magnet does not exceed the outer edge of the measurement reference plate and the auxiliary reference plate. The magnet does not contact the rail web.

[0010] For the above-mentioned rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference, there are two screw holes on the back of the magnetic scale. The two magnetic scales are respectively fixed on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate through bolts. The measuring ends of the two magnetic scales are respectively in relative contact with the end faces of the rail head and the rail bottom. The contact point of the magnetic scale on the upper magnetic scale fixing plate and the rail head is the intersection point of the straight line segment and the arc segment of the end face of the rail head. The contact point of the magnetic scale on the lower magnetic scale fixing plate and the rail bottom is the midpoint of the straight line segment of the end face of the rail bottom.

[0011] The above-mentioned rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference also has a calibration block, which is a rectangular steel block, and the shape of the calibration block is half of the standard cross-section of the rail to be measured along the axis of symmetry after being dissected.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0013] The structure of the present utility model is simple and easy to operate. The measurement device fits the contour of the rail web and can be adsorbed on the rail, enabling accurate positioning of the perpendicularity of the rail and the measurement points. Through two magnetic grating scales, rapid and accurate measurement of the asymmetry of the rail heads and rail soles on both sides of the rail with the rail web as the reference can be achieved. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 is the connection schematic diagram of the measurement reference plate, the auxiliary reference plate, and the connecting plate;

[0016] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the side view of

[0017] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the magnet;

[0018] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the magnetic grating scale;

[0019] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the calibration block;

[0020] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the usage process of the present utility model.

[0021] The marks in the figure are as follows: rail 1, measurement reference plate 2, auxiliary reference plate 3, connecting plate 4, magnetic grating scale 5, rail template 6, upper magnetic grating scale fixing plate 7, lower magnetic grating scale fixing plate 8, outer edge of the plate surface 9, inner edge of the plate surface 10, connection hole 11, threaded hole 12, magnet 13, counterbore 14, countersunk head screw 15, magnetic grating display block 16, magnetic grating sliding piece 17, display screen 18, power button 19, zeroing button 20, measurement end 21, pushing end 22, calibration block 23. Detailed Implementation Manner

[0022] The present utility model is composed of a measurement reference plate 2, an auxiliary reference plate 3, a connecting plate 4, a magnetic grating scale 5, and a calibration block 21.

[0023] Figure 1 , 2, Figures 3 shows that the measurement reference plate 2 is composed of a rail template 6, an upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7, and a lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8. The rail template 6 is a rectangular steel plate. The upper edge, lower edge, and outer edge of the rectangular plate surface of the rail template 6 are respectively bent. The bent shapes of the upper and lower edges of the plate surface are respectively matched with the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The bent shape of the outer edge of the plate surface is matched with the rail web. The plate surface of the rail template 6 is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail 1. The rail template 6 is placed on the side of the rail 1. The inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template 6 is located between the upper surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The upper, lower, and outer edges of the rail template 6 respectively coincide with the lower bottom surface of the rail head, the upper top surface of the rail bottom, and the side surface of the rail web of the rail 1.

[0024] Figure 1 , 2 , Figures 3 shows that the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 are respectively horizontal rectangular plates. One ends of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template 6 as a whole. The lower parts of the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 are respectively connected to the inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template 6 by bevel edges. The upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 are used to fix the magnetic scale 5 for measurement.

[0025] Figure 1 , 2 , Figures 3 shows that the length of the rail template 6 of the measurement reference plate 2 is slightly less than the distance between the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom of the standard rail, so that it can be conveniently placed into the side of the rail 1 to be measured. The inner edge of the plate surface of the rail template 6 is located outside the end face of the rail head of the standard rail, avoiding the front ends of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 from contacting the end faces of the rail head and the rail bottom, which may cause the rail template 6 not to be placed.

[0026] Figure 1 , 2 , Figures 3 shows that the auxiliary reference plate 3 is the same as the rail template 6 of the measurement reference plate 2. The plate surface of the auxiliary reference plate 3 is parallel and opposite to the plate surface of the measurement reference plate 2. The projections of the outer contours of the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 in the vertical direction coincide. The measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are connected as a whole by a connecting plate 4. The connecting plate 4 is located between the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3. The two ends of the connecting plate 4 are respectively welded to the plate surfaces of the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3.

[0027] Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a magnet 13 is fixed on the connecting plate 4. There is a threaded hole 12 at the center of the connecting plate 4, and a magnet 13 is on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate 4. The magnet 13 is rectangular, and there is a countersunk hole 14 at the center of the magnet 13. The countersunk screw 15 fixes the magnet 13 on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate 4 through the countersunk hole 14 and the threaded hole 12. The thickness of the magnet 13 does not exceed the outer edges of the measuring reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3, and the magnet 13 does not contact the web of the rail, so as to ensure that the outer edges can fit with the web of the rail when the measuring reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are adsorbed on the web of the rail.

[0028] Figure 1 、 5 As shown, there are connection holes 11 on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 respectively, for connecting the magnetic scale 5 for measurement. There are two threaded holes on the back of the magnetic scale 5. The two magnetic scales 5 are respectively fixed on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 through bolts. The measuring ends of the two magnetic scales 5 are respectively in relative contact with the end faces of the rail head and the rail bottom of the rail for measurement.

[0029] Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic scale 5 is an existing device, and the magnetic scale 5 has various structures. The magnetic scale 5 adopted in the present utility model is composed of a magnetic scale display block 16 and a magnetic scale sliding piece 17. There is a display screen 18, a power button 19, and a zeroing button 20 on the magnetic scale display block 16. One end of the magnetic scale sliding piece 17 is a measuring end 21 with a semi-circular bump, and the other end is a pushing end 22. The magnetic scale sliding piece 17 can slide horizontally along the rectangular hole of the magnetic scale display block 16, and the display screen 18 of the magnetic scale display block 16 can display the displacement of the magnetic scale sliding piece 17 in real time. After the measuring reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are attached to the web of the rail, pushing the magnetic scale sliding piece 17 can make the measuring end 21 of the magnetic scale sliding piece 17 contact with the rail head and the rail bottom. The contact point of the magnetic scale 5 on the upper magnetic scale fixing plate 7 with the rail head is the intersection point of the straight line segment and the arc segment of the end face of the rail head, and the contact point of the magnetic scale 5 on the lower magnetic scale fixing plate 8 with the rail bottom is the midpoint of the straight line segment of the end face of the rail bottom.

[0030] Figure 6 As shown, the present utility model is also equipped with a calibration block 23, and the calibration block 23 is used to calibrate the magnetic scale 5 before measurement. The calibration block 23 is a rectangular steel block, and the shape of the calibration block 23 is half of the required standard cross-section of the measured rail divided along the axis of symmetry. The length of the calibration block 23 is slightly longer than the length of the measuring reference plate 2.

[0031] Figure 1 、 7 As shown, the measurement process of the present utility model is as follows:

[0032] One usage method is to calibrate through the calibration block 23 before use, so as to measure the differences between the two sides of the rail head and the rail bottom relative to the standard cross-section.

[0033] During calibration, the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are attached to the web of the calibration block 23 and are stably fixed under the action of magnetism. The magnetic grating sliders 17 of the upper and lower magnetic grating rulers 5 are pushed, so that the measurement ends 21 of the two magnetic grating rulers 5 are respectively attached to the rail head and the rail bottom. Press the zeroing button 20 to zero the two magnetic grating rulers 5 respectively, which is the calibration zero position. Then, the calibrated measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are respectively attached to the webs on both sides of the rail to be measured 1 in two times. The magnetic grating sliders 17 of the upper and lower magnetic grating rulers 5 are pushed, so that the measurement ends 21 of the two magnetic grating rulers 5 are respectively attached to the rail head and the rail bottom on both sides of the rail to be measured 1. At this time, the readings of the two magnetic grating rulers 5 are the deviations of the rail head and the rail bottom on both sides of the measured rail 1 relative to the standard section.

[0034] Another usage method is that calibration is not required before use, and the differences between the rail head and the rail bottom of one side of the rail to be measured 1 relative to the other side are directly measured.

[0035] During measurement, the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are attached to the web on one side of the rail to be measured 1. The magnetic grating sliders 17 of the upper and lower magnetic grating rulers 5 are pushed, so that the measurement ends 21 of the two magnetic grating rulers 5 are respectively attached to the rail head and the rail bottom on one side of the rail to be measured. Then press the zeroing button 20 to zero the magnetic grating ruler 5. Then, the measurement reference plate 2 and the auxiliary reference plate 3 are attached to the web on the other side of the rail to be measured 1. The magnetic grating sliders 17 of the upper and lower magnetic grating rulers 5 are pushed, so that the measurement ends 21 of the two magnetic grating rulers 5 are respectively attached to the rail head and the rail bottom on the other side of the rail to be measured 1. At this time, the reading of the magnetic grating ruler 5 is the asymmetry of the rail head and the rail bottom on one side of the rail 1 relative to the rail head and the rail bottom on the other side of the rail 1.

[0036] An embodiment of the present utility model is as follows:

[0037] The length of the rail template 6 of the measurement reference plate 2 is 120 mm, the width is 32 mm, and the thickness is 5 mm;

[0038] The lengths of the upper magnetic grating ruler fixing plate 7 and the lower magnetic grating ruler fixing plate 8 of the measurement reference plate 2 are 45 mm, the widths are 25 mm, the thicknesses are 5 mm, and the diameter of the connecting hole 11 is 4 mm;

[0039] The length of the auxiliary reference plate 3 is 130 mm, the width is 32 mm, and the thickness is 5 mm;

[0040] The length of the connecting plate 4 is 50 mm, the width is 50 mm, and the thickness is 5 mm;

[0041] The length of the magnetic grating ruler 5 is 85 mm, the width is 25 mm, and the thickness is 15 mm;

[0042] The length of the magnet 13 is 48 mm, the width is 48 mm, and the thickness is 10 mm;

[0043] The calibration block 23 has a length of 176 mm, a width of 75 mm, and a thickness of 80 mm.

Claims

1. An asymmetric degree measuring device for steel rails with the rail web as the reference, characterized in that: It includes a measurement reference plate (2), an auxiliary reference plate (3), a connecting plate (4), and a magnetic scale (5). The measurement reference plate (2) is composed of a rail template (6), an upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7), and a lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8). The rail template (6) is a rectangular steel plate. The upper edge, lower edge, and outer edge of the rectangular plate surface of the rail template (6) are respectively in a bent shape. The bent shapes of the upper edge and lower edge of the plate surface are respectively matched with the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The bent shape of the outer edge of the plate surface is matched with the rail web. The plate surface of the rail template (6) is perpendicular to the length direction of the rail (1). The rail template (6) is placed on the side of the rail (1). The inner edge (10) of the plate surface of the rail template (6) is located between the upper surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom. The upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) are respectively horizontal rectangular plates. One end of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the inner edge (10) of the plate surface of the rail template (6) integrally. There are connecting holes (11) on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8). Two magnetic scales (5) are fixed on the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) through bolts and the connecting holes (11). The auxiliary reference plate (3) is the same as the rail template (6) of the measurement reference plate (2). The plate surface of the auxiliary reference plate (3) is parallel and opposite to the plate surface of the rail template (6) of the measurement reference plate (2). The connecting plate (4) is located between the measurement reference plate (2) and the auxiliary reference plate (3). The two ends of the connecting plate (4) are respectively welded to the plate surface of the rail template (6) of the measurement reference plate (2) and the plate surface of the auxiliary reference plate (3).

2. The rail asymmetry measurement device based on the web of the rail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the rail template (6) of the measurement reference plate (2) is less than the distance between the lower bottom surface of the rail head and the upper top surface of the rail bottom of the standard rail. The inner edge (10) of the plate surface of the rail template (6) is located outside the end face of the rail head of the standard rail. The lower parts of the plate surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) are respectively connected to the inner edge (10) of the plate surface of the rail template (6) by bevel edges.

3. The rail asymmetry measurement device based on the rail web as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There is a threaded hole (12) in the center of the connecting plate (4). There is a magnet (13) on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate (4). The magnet (13) is rectangular. There is a counterbore (14) in the center of the magnet (13). A countersunk head screw (15) fixes the magnet (13) on the outer side of the plate surface of the connecting plate (4) through the counterbore (14) and the threaded hole (12). The thickness of the magnet (13) does not exceed the outer edges of the measurement reference plate (2) and the auxiliary reference plate (3). The magnet (13) does not contact the rail web.

4. The rail asymmetry measurement device based on the rail web according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the back of the described magnetic scale (5), there are two screw holes. The two magnetic scales (5) are respectively fixed on the surfaces of the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) and the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) by bolts. The measuring ends (21) of the two magnetic scales (5) are respectively in relative contact with the end faces of the rail head and the rail bottom. The contact point of the magnetic scale (5) on the upper magnetic scale fixing plate (7) with the rail head is the intersection point of the straight line segment and the arc segment of the rail head end face. The contact point of the magnetic scale (5) on the lower magnetic scale fixing plate (8) with the rail bottom is the midpoint of the straight line segment of the rail bottom end face.

5. The rail asymmetry measurement device with the rail web as the reference according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also has a calibration block (23). The calibration block (23) is a rectangular steel block, and the shape of the calibration block (23) is half of the standard cross-section of the rail to be measured along the axis of symmetry.

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