Vertical siliconizing furnace for highly homogeneous carbon-ceramic brake disc

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of carbon-ceramic brake disc production, and discloses a vertical siliconizing furnace for a high-homogeneity carbon-ceramic brake disc. The siliconizing furnace comprises a heating furnace body, a bearing furnace body, a heating body, a lifting device, a graphite plate, a graphite crucible and a temperature control system, wherein the heating body is divided into a top heating body and a peripheral heating body, and the top heating body comprises two top S-shaped heating bodies which are symmetrically arranged; the peripheral heating body is a continuous curve type heating body composed of a U-shaped heating body, an S-shaped heating body and an L-shaped heating body. The heating body provided by the utility model is unique in structural design and reasonable in layout, so that each carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product in the furnace can be uniformly heated, and the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product is stably and uniformly densified; and the heating body structure adopts a split type and assembly design, so that the maintenance cost can be saved for parts needing to be maintained and replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon-ceramic brake disc production, for example, to a vertical siliconizing furnace for highly uniform carbon-ceramic brake discs. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] With the continuous upgrading of automobile braking systems and people's increasingly higher requirements for automobile driving and braking safety, carbon ceramic brake discs have become the new favorite in the future market. Carbon ceramic brake discs have excellent comprehensive performance, such as extreme high temperature resistance, weight of only 1 / 3 of metal brake discs, high friction coefficient when combined with brake pads, etc.

[0004] Carbon-ceramic brake discs offer excellent performance, but their preparation process is relatively complex compared to metal brake discs, with more production steps and extremely high requirements for the preparation environment. The preparation of carbon-ceramic brake discs is mainly divided into three major steps: chemical vapor deposition, siliconizing, and machining. The siliconizing step is the most critical, involving two important indicators: the densification and siliconizing of the carbon-ceramic brake disc. Whether the density of the prepared carbon-ceramic brake disc is uniform and whether its performance meets the standards is closely related to the siliconizing step. The preparation temperature in the furnace is also as high as over one thousand degrees Celsius, so there are extremely high requirements for the configuration and stability of the siliconizing furnace.

[0005] Currently, most siliconizing furnaces have the following problems: (1) The large temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the furnace results in low performance and uneven density of the prepared brake discs; (2) The heating element will be damaged due to continuous high-temperature use. Once damaged, the entire heating element needs to be replaced, resulting in very high maintenance costs for the siliconizing furnace. Therefore, designing a highly uniform siliconizing furnace is an excellent solution to the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides a vertical siliconizing furnace for highly uniform carbon-ceramic brake discs. The heating element structure has a unique design and a reasonable layout, so that each carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product in the furnace can be heated evenly, thereby making the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product stably and evenly densified; the heating element structure adopts a split and assembled design, which can save maintenance costs for parts that need to be repaired and replaced.

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs, comprising:

[0008] The heating furnace body has a square structure and is used to heat the brake disc;

[0009] The load-bearing furnace body is located below the heating furnace body. Its upper part is a square structure and its lower part is a semicircular structure. It is used to carry the brake disc.

[0010] The heating element is installed around the four sides and the top of the heating furnace to provide a uniform heating temperature inside the furnace;

[0011] The heating element is divided into a top heating element and a surrounding heating element. The top heating element includes two symmetrically arranged top S-shaped heating elements; the surrounding heating element is a continuous curved heating element composed of three special-shaped heating elements: U-shaped, S-shaped and L-shaped. The U-shaped heating element is connected to the S-shaped heating element and the L-shaped heating element through a graphite connecting block to form a continuous curved heating element.

[0012] The lifting device is located on both sides of the heating furnace body and is used to lift or lower the heating furnace body.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes:

[0014] The air inlet device is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is used to fill the furnace with protective gas to maintain the pressure inside the furnace;

[0015] The gas outlet device is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is used to release pressure inside the furnace.

[0016] Optionally, the top heating element is provided with screw holes for connecting to the graphite electrode on the top of the siliconizing furnace; the surrounding heating elements are connected to the heating furnace body through mounting holes.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes:

[0018] Graphite support columns, used to support graphite plates;

[0019] The graphite plate has a circular structure with a through hole in the center for carrying the workpiece;

[0020] Multiple graphite crucibles are arranged vertically on the upper part of the graphite plate and are used to hold carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished products and silicon materials.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes:

[0022] Spacers are placed between adjacent graphite crucibles to ensure uniform temperature difference and improve melting efficiency.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes:

[0024] Temperature control system; the temperature control system includes a temperature detector, a sensor and a PLC controller. The temperature detector is located at the top of the siliconizing furnace and is used to monitor the temperature inside the furnace in real time. The temperature detector is electrically connected to the PLC controller through the sensor, and the PLC controller controls the heating element through a relay.

[0025] Optionally, it also includes:

[0026] An alarm is provided with an alarm light; the PLC controller is connected to an LCD display and a control button, the LCD display is used to display the temperature value, the control button is used to input a comparison value to the PLC controller, the PLC controller transmits the comparison value to the alarm, the alarm compares the comparison value with the temperature value, and when the temperature value is greater than or less than the comparison value, the alarm light on the alarm is powered on.

[0027] This application can achieve the following technical effects:

[0028] (1) In the vertical siliconizing furnace provided by the present application, the heating element is divided into a top heating element and a surrounding heating element. The top heating element is two symmetrically arranged top S-shaped heating elements; the surrounding heating elements are continuous curved heating elements composed of three special-shaped heating elements: U-shaped, S-shaped and L-shaped. This design keeps the temperature difference in the furnace within ±2°C, so that each carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product in the furnace can be heated evenly, thereby making the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product stably and evenly densified, avoiding the problems of high temperature difference in the furnace and uneven product density caused by the design drawbacks of the heating device in the existing siliconizing furnace.

[0029] (2) In the vertical siliconizing furnace provided by the present application, the heating element structure adopts a split design, and only a single damaged component needs to be replaced or repaired separately, avoiding the high cost problem caused by replacing the entire set of heating elements, thereby reducing maintenance costs;

[0030] (3) In the vertical siliconizing furnace provided in this application, the temperature control system can monitor the reaction temperature in real time. When the temperature exceeds the upper limit, the alarm will automatically sound to remind the operator to deal with production abnormalities in a timely manner, reduce the probability of extreme conditions, and protect personal and equipment safety.

[0031] (4) The vertical siliconizing furnace provided in this application adopts automatic control, which reduces the difficulty of operation, improves work efficiency, and ensures the quality of the finished product.

[0032] The above general description and the following description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not intended to limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] One or more embodiments are exemplarily described by corresponding drawings. These exemplary descriptions and drawings do not limit the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings do not constitute a scale limitation. In addition,

[0034] Figure 1 1 is a perspective schematic diagram of a vertical siliconizing furnace provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating element provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 3 is a top view of a heating element provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lifting device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1. Heating furnace body; 2. Supporting furnace body; 3. Transition insulation felt; 4. Locking device; 5. Temperature detector; 6. Lifting device; 6-1. Screw protection cover; 6-2. Transmission motor; 6-3. Ball screw; 6-4. Column frame; 7. Graphite plate; 8. Graphite support column; 9. Exhaust device; 10. Inlet device; 11. Graphite crucible; 12. Pad; 13. Carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product; 14. Graphite heating element; 14-1. S-type heating element; 14-2. U-type heating element; 14-3. L-type heating element; 14-4. Top S-type heating element; 14-5. Graphite connecting block; 14-6. Mounting hole; 14-7. Positioning groove; 14-8. Positioning hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to be able to understand the features and technical content of the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail, the implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for reference only and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. In the following technical description, for the sake of convenience of explanation, a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments is provided through multiple details. However, one or more embodiments can still be implemented without these details. In other cases, to simplify the drawings, well-known structures and devices can be simplified for display.

[0041] In the specification and claims of the embodiments of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure herein. In addition, the terms "including," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "middle", "outside", "front", "back" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily intended to better describe the embodiments of the present disclosure and their embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to having a specific orientation, or to being constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Moreover, in addition to being used to indicate orientations or positional relationships, some of the above terms may also be used to indicate other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate a certain dependency or connection relationship in certain circumstances. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be understood based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediary, or an internal connection between two devices, elements, or components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the embodiments of this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] Unless otherwise stated, the term "plurality" means two or more.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the character " / " indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B.

[0046] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a vertical siliconizing furnace for high-uniformity carbon-ceramic brake discs, which includes a heating furnace body 1, a supporting furnace body 2, a heating element, a lifting device 6, a locking device 4, a graphite support column 8, a graphite plate 7, a graphite crucible 11 and a temperature control system.

[0048] The heating furnace body 1 is a square structure and is used to heat the brake disc. The supporting furnace body 2 is located below the heating furnace body 1. Its upper part is a square structure and its lower part is a semicircular structure. It is used to support the brake disc. This structural design of the furnace body significantly increases the utilization space inside the furnace, increases the single-furnace loading capacity, and reduces production and equipment costs.

[0049] In this embodiment, a sealing ring is provided at the contact portion between the heating furnace body 1 and the supporting furnace body 2 to improve the sealing effect inside the furnace; and a locking device is used to mechanically lock the heating furnace body and the supporting furnace body.

[0050] It also includes a transition insulation felt 3, which is arranged at the bottom supporting the furnace body 2 and is attached to the inner wall of the furnace shell. It has a thickness of 1-2 cm and is in a fully enclosed form. This design fully ensures the temperature of the bottom supporting the furnace body 2 and ensures that there is no temperature difference in the temperature transition zone.

[0051] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heating elements are arranged around and on the top of the heating furnace body 1, which can provide extremely uniform temperature in the furnace during operation, so that the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the furnace is maintained within ±2°C, thereby ensuring product quality.

[0052] Specifically, the heating element is divided into a top heating element and a surrounding heating element. The top heating element includes two symmetrically arranged top S-shaped heating elements 14-4; the top S-shaped heating element 14-4 is provided with screw holes for connecting with the graphite electrode at the top of the siliconizing furnace, and the top S-shaped heating element is also provided with a positioning groove 14-7, which is used to connect and fix the top heating element to the furnace body;

[0053] The surrounding heating elements are connected to the heating furnace body 1 through the mounting holes 14-6. The surrounding heating elements are continuous curved heating elements composed of three special-shaped heating elements: U-shaped, S-shaped, and L-shaped. The U-shaped heating element 14-2 is connected to the S-shaped heating element 14-1 and the L-shaped heating element 14-3 through the graphite connecting block 14-5 and the screw to form a continuous curved heating element. When some parts are damaged, they can be replaced individually, which is low-cost and easy to replace. Positioning holes 14-8 are provided on the surrounding heating elements, which are used to connect and fix the surrounding heating elements to the furnace body.

[0054] The lifting device 6 is located on both sides of the heating furnace body 1 and is used to lift or lower the heating furnace body 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the lifting device 6 consists of four parts: a ball screw 6-3, a transmission motor 6-2, a screw protection cover 6-1, and a column frame 6-4. The lifting and lowering of the heating furnace body 1 are achieved through the transmission motor 6-2 and the ball screw 6-3.

[0055] The siliconizing furnace also includes an air inlet device 10 and an air outlet device 9. The air inlet device 10 is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is specifically an air inlet pipeline. The pipeline is connected to an external gas storage device and is used to fill the furnace with protective gas to maintain the pressure inside the furnace. The air outlet device 9 is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is used to release the pressure inside the furnace. Due to the excellent sealing effect of the siliconizing furnace design, the air inlet and outlet efficiency is high.

[0056] Specifically, the graphite plate 7 is designed to be circular in shape, with a thickness of 12-15 cm, used to carry the workpiece, and a through hole is opened in the center; four graphite support columns 8 are arranged below the graphite plate 7, with a diameter of 8-10 cm, and are distributed in an array below the graphite plate 7. They cooperate with the graphite plate 7 and lock and support the graphite plate 7. This structure makes full use of the space in the siliconizing furnace and improves the utilization rate of the furnace.

[0057] Multiple graphite crucibles 11 are arranged vertically on top of the graphite plate 7 to hold carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished products 13 and silicon materials. Spacers 12 are placed between adjacent graphite crucibles 11 to ensure uniform temperature differences and improve melting efficiency.

[0058] In this embodiment, the temperature control system includes a temperature detector 5, a sensor and a PLC controller, wherein the temperature detector is located at the top of the siliconizing furnace and is used to monitor the temperature inside the furnace in real time; the temperature detector is electrically connected to the PLC controller through the sensor, and the PLC controller controls the on and off of the heating element through a relay.

[0059] In addition, the siliconizing furnace provided in this embodiment also includes an alarm, which is equipped with an alarm light; the PLC controller is connected to an LCD display and a control button, the LCD display is used to display the temperature value, and the control button is used to input a comparison value to the PLC controller. The PLC controller transmits the comparison value to the alarm, and the alarm compares the comparison value with the temperature value. When the temperature value is greater than or less than the comparison value, the alarm light on the alarm is powered on and lights up.

[0060] Specifically, the PLC controller converts the temperature value signal into a digital signal and sends it to the LCD screen for display. The control button inputs the comparison value to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller converts the comparison value into a voltage signal and outputs it. The alarm receives the comparison value output by the PLC controller and the temperature value signal output by the temperature detector. When the temperature value is greater than or less than the comparison value, the alarm light on the alarm is turned on.

[0061] The present application provides a method for operating a vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1: Before charging, use the lifting device 6 to elevate the heating furnace body 1 by 80-100 cm, and keep the bottom supporting furnace body 2 stationary; place the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product 13 in the graphite crucible 11, and place the graphite crucible 11 containing the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product 13 and silicon material on the graphite plate 7 supporting the furnace body 2, with the graphite crucibles 11 arranged in order from bottom to top;

[0063] S2 Furnace sealing: After the product is loaded, the heating furnace body 1 is lowered by the lifting device 6 until it is in close contact with the supporting furnace body 2 and sealed, and the upper and lower furnace bodies are locked by the locking device 4;

[0064] S3 Vacuuming: After the furnace is sealed, vacuuming is carried out in the furnace. This step is divided into three steps: the first step is to pump the pressure in the furnace from normal pressure to 1800Ppa and maintain the pressure for 5 minutes; the second step is to pump the pressure from 1800Pa to 500Pa and maintain the pressure for 5 minutes; the third step is to perform ultimate vacuum treatment and maintain the pressure for 40 minutes; the whole process is tested for air tightness: pressure rise <30Pa / 5min;

[0065] S4-1 Heating: Use the upper temperature control method for heating treatment, preset the process temperature and time in the temperature control system (the highest preset temperature is 1700℃), use time to control the heating power, the heating process is 20h in total, of which the heating design time is 15h and the constant temperature design time is 5h. The constant temperature treatment is carried out at the three key temperature points of 500℃, 800℃ and 1200℃ for 2h, 2h and 1h respectively. When the temperature reaches 1200℃, the constant temperature treatment is carried out, and then the ultimate vacuum (100Pa) treatment is carried out again. When the pressure in the furnace is ≤80Pa, the temperature is raised again to the preset temperature value;

[0066] S4-2 Gas filling protection: In the temperature range from room temperature to 1200℃, protective gas is filled into the furnace through the gas inlet device 9 to maintain the pressure in the furnace and ensure smooth production of products; the protective gas is one of high-purity nitrogen or high-purity argon;

[0067] S5 Cooling: When the siliconizing furnace reaches the preset temperature, it stops heating and starts to cool automatically. This step is divided into three steps: the first step is to cool from the highest temperature to 1200℃, and then naturally cool by drawing the ultimate vacuum (100pa); the second step is to refill the protective gas to maintain the pressure when the temperature is below 1200℃; the third step is to open the furnace and cool when the temperature is below 180℃;

[0068] S6 temperature monitoring: The S4-1 heating and S5 cooling processes can be monitored online in real time through the temperature control system. Operators can check the temperature inside the furnace in real time. When an abnormal situation occurs, an alarm will be triggered to ensure the normal production of the product.

[0069] S7 furnace opening: When the temperature inside the furnace is less than 180°C, the locking device 4 is opened, the lifting device 6 is started, and the heating furnace body 1 is raised to a height of 80-100cm to complete the furnace opening;

[0070] S8 Discharging: After the furnace is opened and the temperature of the graphite crucible 11 naturally drops to room temperature, the graphite crucible 11 containing the carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished product 13 is taken out of the furnace in sequence to complete the discharging.

[0071] The above description and the accompanying drawings sufficiently illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure to enable those skilled in the art to practice them. Other embodiments may include structural and other changes. The embodiments represent only possible variations. Unless expressly required, individual components and functions are optional, and the order of operations may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in or replace portions and features of other embodiments. The embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs, characterized in that: include: The heating furnace body has a square structure and is used to heat the brake disc; The load-bearing furnace body is located below the heating furnace body. Its upper part is a square structure and its lower part is a semicircular structure. It is used to carry the brake disc. The heating element is installed around the four sides and the top of the heating furnace to provide a uniform heating temperature inside the furnace; The heating element is divided into a top heating element and a surrounding heating element. The top heating element includes two symmetrically arranged top S-shaped heating elements; the surrounding heating element is a continuous curved heating element composed of three special-shaped heating elements: U-shaped, S-shaped and L-shaped. The U-shaped heating element is connected to the S-shaped heating element and the L-shaped heating element through a graphite connecting block to form a continuous curved heating element. The lifting device is located on both sides of the heating furnace body and is used to lift or lower the heating furnace body.

2. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The air inlet device is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is used to fill the furnace with protective gas to maintain the pressure inside the furnace; The gas outlet device is located at the bottom of the siliconizing furnace and is used to release pressure inside the furnace.

3. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top heating element is provided with screw holes for connecting with the graphite electrode on the top of the siliconizing furnace; the surrounding heating elements are connected to the heating furnace body through mounting holes.

4. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Graphite support columns, used to support graphite plates; The graphite plate has a circular structure with a through hole in the center for carrying the workpiece; Multiple graphite crucibles are arranged vertically on the upper part of the graphite plate and are used to hold carbon-ceramic brake disc semi-finished products and silicon materials.

5. The vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Spacers are placed between adjacent graphite crucibles to ensure uniform temperature difference and improve melting efficiency.

6. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Temperature control system; The temperature control system includes a temperature detector, a sensor and a PLC controller. The temperature detector is located on the top of the siliconizing furnace and is used to monitor the temperature in the furnace in real time. The temperature detector is electrically connected to the PLC controller via a sensor, and the PLC controller controls the heating element via a relay.

7. A vertical siliconizing furnace for high-homogeneity carbon ceramic brake discs according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: An alarm is provided with an alarm light; the PLC controller is connected to an LCD display and a control button, the LCD display is used to display the temperature value, the control button is used to input a comparison value to the PLC controller, the PLC controller transmits the comparison value to the alarm, the alarm compares the comparison value with the temperature value, and when the temperature value is greater than or less than the comparison value, the alarm light on the alarm is powered on.

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