Holographic optical waveguide and sighting telescope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a holographic optical waveguide and a sighting telescope, and relates to the technical field of optics. Holographic photos and holographic waveguide gratings are integrated on one element, the optical waveguide transmission characteristic and the grating diffraction characteristic are utilized, the aiming function is achieved through one optical element, the assembly precision of the holographic optical waveguide is improved, the assembly difficulty is reduced, and the assembly yield is improved; an optical waveguide is added to a traditional holographic photo, traditional geometrical optics is replaced by utilizing the waveguide light transmission characteristic, light transmission is achieved through refraction and reflection of an optical element, the size is smaller, and precision is better; the optical waveguide is provided with a coupling-in waveguide holographic grating and a coupling-out waveguide holographic grating, chromatic aberration correction can be carried out on wavelength, and the imaging effect is better than that of a traditional single-chip grating; in addition, the light beams are totally reflected in the substrate and transmitted to the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating, transmission is reduced, energy loss is reduced, the lighting effect is improved, the human eyes can clearly observe the division information on the holographic picture, and the user experience feeling is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to a holographic optical waveguide and a sighting scope. Background Art

[0002] To aim at a target, a red dot sight is often used. Red dot sights are ideal for quick aiming, are easy to use, lightweight, and portable, and allow for clear viewing of target details while aiming. Red dot sights allow for searching with eyes open; the dot of light is directly in your field of view, allowing for accurate detection and aiming without changing your field of view.

[0003] However, conventional red dot sights rely on the principle of curved surface reflection. While curved reflectors can make the red dot clearer, they can also cause parallax when the human eye sees the actual scene. Therefore, the use of holographic sights has been proposed to achieve red dot aiming. High aiming accuracy is also crucial for holographic sights.

[0004] It can be seen that providing a holographic sight with high aiming accuracy is a technical problem that people in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a holographic optical waveguide and a sighting mirror to solve the technical problem of low aiming accuracy.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a holographic optical waveguide, comprising: an in-coupling waveguide holographic grating, an out-coupling waveguide holographic grating, and a hologram, all fabricated on the same substrate. The in-coupling waveguide holographic grating is located on either side of a first end of the substrate, and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating and the hologram are located on opposite sides of a second end of the substrate.

[0007] After entering, the light beam is first transmitted through the substrate to the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating, and then transmitted to the substrate at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle after being diffracted by the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating. It is then totally reflected in the substrate and transmitted to the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating. Then, it is diffracted by the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating and then transmitted through the substrate to the hologram, and finally emitted to the human eye.

[0008] Exemplarily, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating are located on the same side or on both sides of the substrate.

[0009] Exemplarily, the hologram is attached to the substrate by embossing, etching, masking or exposure and development.

[0010] Exemplarily, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating are attached to the substrate by means of embossing, etching, masking or exposure and development.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a sight, comprising a light source, a collimating element and the above holographic optical waveguide; the collimating element is located on the optical path between the light source and the holographic optical waveguide.

[0012] Exemplarily, the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating and the hologram are also arranged on the white light path. The white light and the light source are diffracted by the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating, transmitted through the substrate to the hologram, and finally emitted to the human eye.

[0013] Exemplarily, the light source is a single light source; or, the light source includes a first light source and a second light source; the sight further includes a light combining element, which is located on the optical path between the light source and the collimating element.

[0014] Exemplarily, the light combining element is a prism, the inclined surface of the prism is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and the first light source and the second light source are located on both sides of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film.

[0015] Exemplarily, the first light source and the second light source are light sources of the same type or light sources of different types; wherein the light source type includes at least a point light source type and an image source type.

[0016] Exemplarily, the collimating element is a single lens, a combined lens, or a curved reflector.

[0017] The holographic optical waveguide provided by the utility model prepares the coupled-in waveguide holographic grating, the coupled-out waveguide holographic grating and the holographic photo on the same substrate, that is, the holographic photo and the holographic waveguide grating are integrated into one component, and the transmission characteristics of the optical waveguide and the diffraction characteristics of the grating are utilized to realize the aiming function through one optical component, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the holographic optical waveguide, reducing the assembly difficulty and improving the assembly yield rate; adding an optical waveguide to the traditional holographic photo, utilizing the light transmission characteristics of the waveguide to replace the traditional geometric optics, and realizing light transmission through refraction and reflection of the optical component, the volume is smaller, Better precision; the optical waveguide is equipped with an input waveguide holographic grating and an output waveguide holographic grating, which can correct the chromatic aberration of the wavelength, and the imaging effect is better than that of the traditional single-piece grating; in addition, after the light beam enters, it is first transmitted through the substrate to the input waveguide holographic grating, and then after diffraction by the input waveguide holographic grating, it is transmitted to the substrate at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle, and is totally reflected in the substrate and transmitted to the output waveguide holographic grating, which reduces transmission, reduces energy loss, and improves light efficiency, so that the human eye can clearly observe the division information on the holographic photo, thereby improving the user experience.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a sight, including the above-mentioned holographic optical waveguide, which has the same or corresponding technical features as the holographic optical waveguide described above and has the same effects as above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first holographic optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second holographic optical waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in a second embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in a third embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in a fourth embodiment of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in accordance with the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] 1-light source; 2-collimation element; 3-substrate; 4-incoupling waveguide holographic grating; 5-outcoupling waveguide holographic grating; 6-hologram; 7-first light source; 8-light combining element; 9-second light source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The core of the utility model is to provide a holographic optical waveguide and a sighting mirror to solve the technical problem of low aiming accuracy.

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first holographic optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present utility model is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the holographic optical waveguide includes: an in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4, an out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and a hologram 6, which are prepared on the same substrate 3.

[0032] Hologram 6 is previously illuminated with a beam of object light and a beam of reference light. The object light carries a certain phase information, and the reference light interferes at a certain angle. The resulting interference fringes record the phase information of the object light, i.e., the holographic image information on the holographic plate. When the reference light is again illuminated at the same angle with the recorded holographic image information, the phase information of the object light is obtained in the outgoing light, thus reproducing the holographic image on the holographic plate. The method for attaching hologram 6 to substrate 3 is not limited, and may be, for example, attached to substrate 3 by embossing, etching, masking, or exposure and development. Similarly, the method for attaching in- and out-coupling waveguide holographic gratings 4 and 5 to substrate 3 is not limited, and may be, for example, attached to substrate 3 by embossing, etching, masking, or exposure and development.

[0033] The coupled waveguide holographic grating 4 is located at the first end of the substrate 3 (eg Figure 1 On either side of the a end in FIG), the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and the hologram 6 are respectively located at the second end of the substrate 3 (such as Figure 1 The in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 can be located on the same side or on opposite sides of the substrate 3.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In the figure, the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 is located on the left side of the second end of the substrate 3, and the hologram 6 is located on the right side of the second end of the substrate 3. Various dividing patterns are prepared on the hologram 6, and the human eye can aim at the object through the illuminated dividing patterns. In order to enable the human eye to observe the divided information on the hologram 6, the human eye observation position is located on the same side of the substrate 3 as the hologram 6. Figure 1 In the figure, the human eye observation position and the hologram 6 are both located on the right side of the second end of the substrate 3. At this time, the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating 4 and the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating 5 are located on the same side of the substrate 3 (e.g., both located on Figure 1 left side of the mid-base).

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second holographic optical waveguide provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 The holographic waveguide shown is different in that Figure 2The out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 is located on the right side of the second end of the substrate 3, and the hologram 6 is located on the left side of the second end of the substrate 3. In order to enable the human eye to observe the information divided on the hologram 6, the human eye observation position and the hologram 6 are both located on the left side of the second end of the substrate 3. At this time, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 are located on both sides of the substrate 3 ( Figure 2 In the figure, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 is located on the left side of the substrate 3, and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 is located on the right side of the substrate 3).

[0036] After entering, the light beam is first transmitted through the substrate 3 to the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating 4, and then transmitted to the substrate 3 at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle after being diffracted by the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating 4. It is totally reflected in the substrate 3 and transmitted to the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating 5. Then, it is diffracted by the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating 5 and then transmitted through the substrate 3 to the hologram 6, and finally emitted to the human eye.

[0037] The holographic optical waveguide provided by the embodiment of the present invention prepares the coupled-in waveguide holographic grating 4, the coupled-out waveguide holographic grating 5 and the hologram 6 on the same substrate 3, that is, the hologram 6 and the holographic waveguide grating are integrated into one component, and the optical waveguide transmission characteristics and the grating diffraction characteristics are utilized to realize the aiming function through one optical component, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the holographic optical waveguide, reducing the assembly difficulty and improving the assembly yield rate; an optical waveguide is added to the traditional hologram 6, and the waveguide light transmission characteristics are utilized to replace the traditional geometric optics, and light transmission is realized by refraction and reflection of the optical component, which has a smaller volume. The precision is better; the optical waveguide is equipped with an input waveguide holographic grating 4 and an output waveguide holographic grating 5, which can correct the chromatic aberration of the wavelength, and the imaging effect is better than that of the traditional single-piece grating; in addition, after the light beam enters, it is first transmitted to the input waveguide holographic grating 4 through the substrate 3, and then after diffraction by the input waveguide holographic grating 4, it is transmitted to the substrate 3 at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle, and is totally reflected in the substrate 3 and transmitted to the output waveguide holographic grating 5, which reduces transmission, reduces energy loss, and improves light efficiency, so that the human eye can clearly observe the division information on the holographic photo 6, thereby improving the user experience.

[0038] A holographic optical waveguide is described above, and a sight is provided below. The sight includes a light source 1, a collimating element 2, and the holographic optical waveguide. The collimating element 2 is located on the optical path between the light source 1 and the holographic optical waveguide.

[0039] There is no limitation on the collimating element 2, as long as it can collimate the light, for example, the collimating element 2 can be a single lens, a combination of lenses, or a curved reflector.

[0040] The light source 1 used is not limited and can be a single light source or multiple light sources. The light beam emitted by the light source 1 is collimated by the collimating element 2. The collimated light beam is incident on the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4. After being coupled in by the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4, the light beam is emitted at a certain angle and undergoes total internal reflection within the substrate 3. After total internal reflection, it is incident on the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5. The light beam emitted from the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 is diffracted at a certain angle and incident on the hologram 6. The hologram 6 has been previously illuminated with reference light, which records the gradation information. When the diffracted light beam from the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 has the same angle as the reference light, the hologram 6 is illuminated, and the human eye can see the gradation information on the hologram 6. By aligning the gradation information with the target, aiming is possible.

[0041] Specifically, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in the first embodiment of the present utility model is shown as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the holographic sight includes a light source 1, a collimating element 2, a substrate 3, an in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4, an out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5, and a hologram 6. In the holographic sight, the light source 1 is a single light source, and the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 are located on the same side of the substrate 3.

[0042] Light source 1 emits a light beam, providing an input beam for the system. This light source 1 can be, but is not limited to, a laser light source. It can also be a light-emitting diode (LED) light source, a display light source, a light source with a reticle pattern, or a display light source with a digital image. If light source 1 is a microdisplay, the microdisplay can carry long-infrared thermal imaging information, medium-wave infrared information, short-wave infrared information, near-infrared night vision imaging information, or various other electronic imaging information.

[0043] Figure 3 The collimating element 2 is a lens. It can be a convex lens, a concave lens, or a combination of lenses. The collimating element 2 collimates the light beam emitted by the light source 1 and converts it into parallel light.

[0044] The substrate 3 used can be a glass substrate. The in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 are prepared on the substrate 3. The light beam is totally reflected on the substrate 3 and propagates forward in a totally reflected manner.

[0045] Light source 1 forms a collimated beam through collimating element 2. This collimated beam is then transmitted to in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4, where it is diffracted at a specific angle. The diffracted beam is also parallel light, incident on one surface of substrate 3 at an angle greater than the angle of total internal reflection. After total internal reflection, it propagates along substrate 3.

[0046] The diffracted light beam emitted from the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 propagates through the substrate 3 and ultimately reaches the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5. There, the light beam is diffracted and ultimately emerges at a specific angle. The outgoing light beam is also parallel, with the same angle as the incident light beam, and it illuminates the hologram 6.

[0047] Taking the light source 1 as an example, which is a laser light source, the laser light source is collimated by the collimating element 2, and the collimated light enters the coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 on the glass substrate 3. After diffraction by the coupling waveguide holographic grating 4, the light is emitted at an angle greater than the total reflection angle of the substrate 3, and is totally reflected on the glass substrate 3. After multiple total reflections, it finally enters the coupling waveguide holographic grating 5. Through the coupling waveguide holographic grating 5, it is emitted at a certain diffraction angle, and the light emission angle remains consistent with the incident angle. In this way, the light passes through the waveguide, and the light is the same as the light collimated from the collimating element 2. The light collimation is very good. The light hits the hologram 6, and the human eye can see the clear marking information of the hologram 6. The marking information on the hologram 6 can also be called the division pattern information. Therefore, the device is used in the aiming device, and the target object can be aimed at through the division pattern.

[0048] Light emitted by the laser light source passes through the collimating element 2 and enters the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4. Different wavelengths have different diffraction characteristics and diffraction angles, resulting in chromatic aberration. However, the light then enters the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5, which performs wavelength correction on the light, offsetting the chromatic aberration introduced by the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and eliminating the chromatic aberration caused by different wavelengths. Therefore, by correcting chromatic aberration of different wavelengths with dual gratings, the resolution of the grating pattern imaging can be improved.

[0049] In addition, when the light source 1 is an LED light source with a divided pattern or a micro display with an electronic image, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The solution shown here allows for simultaneous viewing of the electronic image information from light source 1 and the pattern on hologram 6. This allows for the fusion of information from multiple channels, enabling multispectral fusion, including but not limited to near-infrared, visible light, and far-infrared thermal imaging. This is a solution that achieves multispectral fusion without the need for a prism.

[0050] The wavelength of the light can be any visible wavelength between 400nm and 700nm, and the incident angle can be anywhere between 0° and 15°. The light is then totally reflected from the glass substrate 3 at a greater angle than the total reflection angle of 41°. The outgoing light angle remains between 0° and 15°, maintaining the same angles of incidence. The hologram 6 is illuminated by the outgoing light, displaying a pattern.

[0051] In the above system, the light source 1 employed is a single light source, forming a single-light system. To enable the human eye to observe multi-channel information, when the light source 1 is a single light source, the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and the hologram 6 are also disposed in the white light path. After diffraction by the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5, the white light and the single light source are transmitted through the substrate 3 to the hologram 6, and ultimately emitted to the human eye, forming a dual-light system consisting of white light and the single light source. If the single light source employed is an infrared light source, the resulting system is a dual-light system consisting of white light and infrared. This dual-light system, consisting of white light and the single light source, allows the user to see the holographic grating information while maintaining unimpeded sighting of the direct white light channel, allowing the user to see the actual scenery along the direct white light channel.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The optical components included in Figure 3 The optical elements in Figure 3 The difference is that Figure 3 The in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 are on the same side of the substrate 3, and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 are on both sides of the substrate 3. Figure 4 The functions and Figure 3 The functions of the optical elements are exactly the same, and the same Figure 3 The functions in . No further details are given here.

[0053] Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the provided holographic sight, light is collimated by a traditional coaxial collimating element 2, thereby achieving correction of aberration and coma of the optical path, improving the resolution of the aiming scale, and improving the aiming accuracy of the observer.

[0054] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in the third embodiment of the present utility model is shown as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the collimating element 2 in the holographic sight adopts a curved reflector. The curved reflector also has a collimating effect on the light and plays a role in correcting spherical aberration. The light source 1 is reflected by the collimating element 2 and becomes parallel light, which is incident on the coupled waveguide holographic grating 4. The subsequent optical path is the same as Figure 3 and Figure 4 Similarly, parallel light is finally emitted to illuminate the hologram 6, and the image information on the hologram 6 enters the human eye, and the human eye aims through the division information on the hologram 6.

[0055] In addition, it is worth noting that, in practice, in order to reduce the difficulty of preparing the substrate 3, the hologram 6 can be placed separately from the substrate 3, the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating 4 and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 can be integrated on one substrate 3, and the hologram 6 can be prepared separately, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Except for the hologram 6 being placed separately from the substrate 3, the other optical elements are Figure 3 and Figure 4 The functions of the optical elements are the same, and the optical path principle is also the same, and the function of the optical waveguide holographic sight can also be realized.

[0056] The light source 1 described above is a single light source, which can form a single-light system or a dual-light system consisting of white light and a single light source. In practice, to enable the observer to observe information from more channels, the light source 1 used in the sight can be multiple light sources. Accordingly, a light combining element 8 is provided in the optical path between the multiple light sources and the collimating element 2. The light source 1 includes a first light source 7 and a second light source 9; the sight also includes a light combining element 8, which is located in the optical path between the light source 1 and the collimating element 2. The use of the first light source 7 and the second light source 9 in the sight forms a dual-light system consisting of the first light source 7 and the second light source 9.

[0057] There are no specific limitations on the light-combining element 8. It can be a dichroic mirror or a prism (with the prism's inclined surfaces coated with a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film). To reduce costs, the light-combining element 8 employed is a prism with the prism's inclined surfaces coated with a semi-transparent, semi-reflective film. The first light source 7 and the second light source 9 are located on either side of the semi-transparent, semi-reflective film.

[0058] There is no limitation on the first light source 7 and the second light source 9, and they are determined according to actual conditions. The first light source 7 and the second light source 9 can be the same type of light source or different types of light sources; wherein the light source type includes at least a point light source type and an image source type. For example, the first light source 7 and the second light source 9 are both point light sources; the first light source 7 and the second light source 9 are both image sources; or the first light source 7 is a point light source and an image source, etc. If the first light source 7 is a red point light source and the second light source 9 is a green point light source, a dual light system consisting of a red point light source and a green point light source is formed. If the first light source 7 is a red point light source and the second light source 9 is an infrared image display screen, a dual light system consisting of a red point light source and an infrared image display screen is formed.

[0059] Furthermore, when the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and hologram 6 are also placed in the white light path, the white light, first light source 7, and second light source 9 are diffracted by the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5, then transmitted through the substrate 3 to the hologram 6, and ultimately emitted to the human eye. This creates a three-light fusion system consisting of white light, first light source 7, and second light source 9. This three-light fusion system, consisting of white light, first light source 7, and second light source 9, allows for the viewing of the holographic grating information while maintaining unimpeded visibility of the direct white light path, allowing for the viewing of the actual scenery along the direct white light path.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a holographic sight provided in the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, in Figure 3 and Figure 4 On the basis of the above, the light source 1 is set as a first light source 7 and a second light source 9. A light combining element 8 is added in front of the first light source 7 and the second light source 9 (for example, the light combining element 8 is a prism). The inclined surface of the prism is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, which can combine the light beams emitted by the first light source 7 and the second light source 9. When one of the light sources is a microdisplay (a microdisplay can display electronic image information), the electronic image information is reflected by the prism and enters the collimating element 2 together with the light beam emitted by the other light source. After being collimated by the collimating element 2, it enters the substrate 3 as parallel light and is incident on the coupling waveguide holographic grating 4. After being totally reflected and propagated in the substrate 3, it enters the coupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and is diffracted and emitted at a certain angle. The light from the second light source 9 is transmitted through the hologram 6 and directly enters the human eye, where it is imaged on the retina and is seen by the human eye. Simultaneously, light from the first light source 7 is emitted from the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 at a specific angle. This beam impinges on the hologram 6, displaying the pre-prepared pattern. The reticle of the hologram 6 illuminates and is visible to the human eye. This scheme allows the human eye to simultaneously see both the electronic image information and the reticle information of the microdisplay, achieving the effect of optical fusion of the holographic red dot and the infrared image. When the outcoupling waveguide holographic grating 5 and the hologram 6 are also positioned in the white light path, while the electronic image information and reticle information can be seen, there is no obstruction to the direct white light path, meaning that the real scene of the direct white light path can also be seen, providing all the functions of traditional holographic aiming and red dot aiming.

[0061] The scope provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a holographic optical waveguide. In the holographic optical waveguide, the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating 4, the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating 5 and the hologram 6 are prepared on the same substrate 3, that is, the hologram 6 and the holographic waveguide grating are integrated on one component. By utilizing the optical waveguide transmission characteristics and the grating diffraction characteristics, the aiming function is realized through one optical component, thereby improving the assembly accuracy of the holographic optical waveguide, reducing the assembly difficulty and improving the assembly yield rate. By adding an optical waveguide to the traditional hologram 6, the light transmission characteristics of the waveguide are utilized to replace the traditional geometric optics, and light transmission is realized by refraction and reflection of the optical component, resulting in a smaller volume and better accuracy. By adding a holographic optical waveguide to the scope, the holographic optical waveguide has The coupled-in waveguide holographic grating 4 and the coupled-out waveguide holographic grating 5 are provided, which can correct the chromatic aberration of the wavelength, and the imaging effect is better than that of the traditional holographic sight and the single-piece grating. Without adding a prism, the effect of multi-spectral fusion can be achieved, which makes up for the singleness and limitation of the traditional holographic solution. In addition, after entering, the light beam is first transmitted to the coupled-in waveguide holographic grating 4 through the substrate 3, and then is diffracted by the coupled-in waveguide holographic grating 4 and transmitted to the substrate 3 at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle. It is totally reflected in the substrate 3 and transmitted to the coupled-out waveguide holographic grating 5, which reduces transmission, reduces energy loss, and improves light efficiency, so that the human eye can clearly observe the division information on the holographic photo 6, thereby improving the user experience.

[0062] Furthermore, the sight provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes a light-combining element to fuse multiple light paths, a feat not possible with conventional holographic sights (which have numerous optical elements and, in principle, lack the space or method to achieve multi-path optical fusion). With the sight provided by the embodiment of the present invention, light beams emitted by multiple light sources are combined by the light-combining element 8, achieving optical path diversification and multi-spectral fusion, thus realizing a multifunctional holographic solution. When these multiple light beams enter the human eye, the eye perceives an image resulting from multi-channel optical fusion, enhancing the user experience when using the sight.

[0063] The above describes in detail the holographic optical waveguide and sight provided by the present invention. The various embodiments are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from the other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in detail. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

Claims

1. A holographic optical waveguide, characterized in that: include: An in-coupling waveguide holographic grating (4), an out-coupling waveguide holographic grating (5) and a hologram (6) are prepared on the same substrate (3), wherein the in-coupling waveguide holographic grating (4) is located on either side of a first end of the substrate (3), and the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating (5) and the hologram (6) are respectively located on opposite sides of a second end of the substrate (3); After entering, the light beam is first transmitted through the substrate (3) to the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating (4), and then transmitted to the substrate (3) at an incident angle greater than the total reflection angle after being diffracted by the coupling-in waveguide holographic grating (4). Then, it is totally reflected in the substrate (3) and transmitted to the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating (5). Then, after being diffracted by the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating (5), it is transmitted through the substrate (3) to the hologram (6), and finally emitted to the human eye.

2. The holographic optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The coupling-in waveguide holographic grating (4) and the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating (5) are located on the same side or both sides of the substrate (3).

3. The holographic optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The hologram (6) is attached to the substrate (3) by means of embossing, etching, masking or exposure and development.

4. The holographic optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein The coupling-in waveguide holographic grating (4) and the coupling-out waveguide holographic grating (5) are attached to the substrate (3) by means of embossing, etching, masking or exposure and development.

5. A sighting scope, characterized in that: The invention comprises a light source (1), a collimating element (2), and the holographic optical waveguide according to any one of claims 1 to 4; the collimating element (2) is located on the optical path between the light source (1) and the holographic optical waveguide.

6. The sight according to claim 5, characterized in that The out-coupling waveguide holographic grating (5) and the hologram (6) are also arranged on the white light path. The white light and the light source (1) are diffracted by the out-coupling waveguide holographic grating (5), transmitted through the substrate (3) to the hologram (6), and finally emitted to the human eye.

7. The sight according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that The light source (1) is a single light source; or, the light source (1) includes a first light source (7) and a second light source (9); the sight further includes a light combining element (8), and the light combining element (8) is located on the optical path between the light source (1) and the collimating element (2).

8. The sight according to claim 7, characterized in that The light combining element (8) is a prism, the inclined surface of the prism is coated with a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film, and the first light source (7) and the second light source (9) are located on both sides of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective film.

9. The sight according to claim 7, characterized in that The first light source (7) and the second light source (9) are light sources of the same type or light sources of different types; wherein the light source types include at least a point light source type and an image source type.

10. The sight according to claim 5, characterized in that The collimating element (2) is a single lens, a combined lens or a curved reflector.

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