Single-cylinder pin inserting and pulling mechanism and crane

Abstract

The utility model discloses a single-cylinder pin inserting and pulling mechanism and a crane. The single-cylinder pin inserting and pulling mechanism comprises a cylinder head main body (1), a double-rod oil cylinder system (3), a cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5) and an arm pin pulling mechanism (6), the cylinder head main body comprises a cylinder head structure upper part, a cylinder head structure lower part, a positioning pin shaft and a connecting bolt group; a fixing plate is vertically arranged above the upper part of the cylinder head structure, and the upper part of the cylinder head structure and the lower part of the cylinder head structure are vertically positioned through a positioning pin shaft; the double-rod oil cylinder system is located on one side of the cylinder head body, the cylinder pin pulling mechanism is located in the cylinder head body, and the arm pin pulling mechanism is located above the cylinder head body. The single-cylinder inserting and pulling pin has the advantages that the working efficiency can be improved, and the pin pulling oil cylinder can be quickly replaced; the whole machine is more convenient to maintain; the cylinder pin and the arm pin are mechanically interlocked in multiple ways, so that the safety is better; the pin inserting and pulling mechanism has the characteristic of serialization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to a single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism and a crane. Background Art

[0002] Single-cylinder plug-in pin technology is widely used in construction machinery. Originated from Lippoher, this technology is a typical integrated mechanical, electrical, and hydraulic system, and is widely used as the retractable mechanism for crane telescopic booms.

[0003] my country introduced Lippohair's technology in the 1980s and began developing single-cylinder plug-in pin technology. Companies such as Sany, Zoomlion, XCMG, and Taizhong are leaders in this technology development. However, existing single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanisms have shortcomings, hindering rapid serial conversion, ease of installation and maintenance, and the safety of cylinder arm pin interlocking.

[0004] The crane's boom is primarily composed of a boom section and a single-cylinder latch-type telescopic cylinder. The boom section's extension and retraction are controlled by a single-cylinder latch-type pin mechanism that interlocks the cylinder pins and arm pins, while simultaneously coordinating with the retraction of the single-cylinder latch-type master cylinder to achieve crane boom section extension and retraction. Currently, single-cylinder latch-type pin mechanisms are primarily composed of the following two types:

[0005] (1) Internal cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism.

[0006] (2) External cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism.

[0007] Note: The difference between the internal and external mechanisms is that the power units for plugging and pulling out the cylinder and arm pins are located on the inside and outside of the structure of the single-cylinder latch-type master cylinder.

[0008] Built-in cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism:

[0009] (1) The built-in space of the mechanism is small, disassembly and assembly are inconvenient, and the maintenance cost is high;

[0010] (2) The built-in structure of the mechanism is more complex and requires high processing accuracy.

[0011] External cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism:

[0012] (1) Although the existing external cylinder-arm-pin interlocking mechanism is more convenient to disassemble and assemble than the internal one, its cylinder and arm-pin transmission mechanism are an integrated structure, which makes disassembly and assembly inconvenient and the maintenance cost is still high;

[0013] (2) The existing external cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism cannot meet the serialization requirements of cranes;

[0014] (3) The existing external cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism has a complex cylinder pin structure, high requirements on workpiece processing accuracy, high processing and manufacturing costs, and lacks economy.

[0015] (4) The connecting rod of the existing external cylinder arm pin interlocking mechanism is integrated and cannot overcome the lateral bending moment generated during the pin insertion and extraction process, which can easily damage the seals of the double-rod oil cylinder used for the cylinder pin and the arm pin. Utility Model Content

[0016] In response to the above problems, the utility model proposes a single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism, which has the following advantages: it can improve work efficiency and realize rapid replacement of the pin pulling cylinder; the maintenance of the whole machine is more convenient; the cylinder arm pins have multiple mechanical interlocks, which are safer; the pin plugging and pulling mechanism has serial characteristics.

[0017] The utility model provides a single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism, comprising a cylinder head body, a double-rod oil cylinder system, a cylinder pin extraction mechanism and an arm pin extraction mechanism;

[0018] The cylinder head body includes an upper cylinder head structure, a lower cylinder head structure, a positioning pin shaft and a connecting bolt group; a fixing plate is vertically arranged above the upper cylinder head structure, and a limiting groove (vertically downward) is arranged in the middle of the fixing plate; the upper cylinder head structure and the lower cylinder head structure are positioned up and down by the positioning pin shaft;

[0019] The cylinder pin pulling mechanism is located in the cylinder head body, and the cylinder pin pulling mechanism includes the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the cylinder pin pulling structure, the cylinder pin, the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group, the cylinder pin drive shaft and the self-lubricating plate. The upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body and the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body are connected by the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group, and the ear plate of the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the ear plate of the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the self-lubricating plate and the cylinder pin structure are combined into one through the cylinder pin drive shaft. The cylinder pin passes through the cylinder head body and is threadedly connected to the bolt hole of the cylinder pin structure; a cylinder pin transmission plate is vertically arranged on the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body, and the cylinder pin transmission plate is located at the middle opening of the upper part of the cylinder head structure;

[0020] The arm pin pulling mechanism is located above the cylinder head body, and the arm pin pulling mechanism includes an arm pin working plate, an arm pin sliding plate, a sliding shaft and a sealing seat assembly. A track groove is provided in the arm pin sliding plate, one end of the sliding shaft is threadedly connected to the working plate, and the other end can be clamped in the limiting groove of the fixed plate; the middle part of the sliding shaft is passed through the track groove, and the sliding shaft can slide along the track groove. When the sliding shaft slides along the track groove, the arm pin working plate can move downward through the limiting groove of the fixed plate;

[0021] The double-rod cylinder system is located on one side of the cylinder head body, and the double-rod cylinder system includes a connecting rod structure A, a connecting ear plate A, a connecting rod structure B, a connecting ear plate B, a double-rod cylinder and a connecting plate structure; one end of the connecting rod structure A is connected to the arm pin sliding plate of the arm pin pulling mechanism through the connecting ear plate A, and the other end is connected to the connecting plate structure; one end of the connecting rod structure B is connected to the cylinder pin transmission plate of the cylinder pin pulling mechanism, and the other end is connected to the connecting ear plate B, the double-rod cylinder and the connecting plate structure in sequence.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper and lower inner sides of the cylinder head structure are provided with special-shaped vertical plates, and the upper and lower cylinder head structures are connected by a connecting bolt group to achieve a tight connection between the upper and lower cylinder heads.

[0023] Furthermore, the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism also includes a limit plate, which is sleeved on the side of the double-rod cylinder system close to the cylinder head body. When the cylinder pin is pulled out, the end of the connecting ear plate B of the connecting rod structure B can be exactly located on the end face of the limit plate close to the cylinder head body to prevent the pin from being over-pulled out.

[0024] Furthermore, the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism also includes a cylinder support plate, one end of which is fixed to the middle of the double-rod cylinder system, and the other end is fixed to the outside of the cylinder barrel.

[0025] Furthermore, the connecting plate structure is simultaneously connected to the cylinder rod A and one end of the two connecting rod structures A away from the cylinder pin mechanism, and moves with the cylinder rod A (332).

[0026] Furthermore, the double-rod oil cylinder includes a cylinder rod A, a cylinder rod B, a cylinder barrel, a spring A, a spring B, a pressure plate structure A and a pressure plate structure B. The cylinder rod B and cylinder rod A are respectively installed on the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel; the pressure plate structure B and the pressure plate structure A are respectively fixed on the cylinder rod B and the cylinder rod A, and are located inside the cylinder barrel; the spring A is installed on the right side of the interior of the cylinder barrel and is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder rod A. The left end of the spring A is limited by the pressure plate structure A, and the right end is limited by the right end flange of the cylinder barrel; the spring B is installed on the left side of the interior of the cylinder barrel and is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder rod B. The left end of the spring B is limited by the left end flange of the cylinder barrel, and the right end is limited by the pressure plate structure B; the cylinder rod B is connected to the connecting ear plate B, and the cylinder rod A is connected to the connecting plate structure.

[0027] Furthermore, the self-lubricating plate is located on the inner side of the ear plate on the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body and the ear plate on the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the cylinder pin pulling structure is located on the inner side of the self-lubricating plate, and the cylinder pin drive shaft is vertically passed through the ear plate on the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the ear plate on the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the self-lubricating plate and the cylinder pin structure.

[0028] Furthermore, the cylinder pin is threadedly connected to the bolt hole of the cylinder pin structure, and a fixing pin is provided to prevent loosening.

[0029] The working principle of the single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism is as follows:

[0030] The single-cylinder latch is arranged above the cylinder barrel of the main oil cylinder inside the boom. The cylinder rod of the boom main oil cylinder is fixed to the tail of the basic arm. When the boom is fully retracted, the cylinder pin is inserted into the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the first telescopic arm of the boom. The arm pins of each section of the boom are extended and locked. At this time, the cylinder rods at both ends of the double-rod cylinder are fully retracted, the arm pin working plate is at the top, and the arm pin working plate is in the released state.

[0031] Before extending the boom, pull out the cylinder pin from the tail end of the first telescopic arm.

[0032] Cylinder pin pulling process: the cylinder rods at both ends of the double-rod oil cylinder are fully retracted, the arm pin working plate is at the top, and the arm pin working plate is in the released state, that is, the arm pins of each section are extended, and the cylinder rod B in the double-rod oil cylinder is extended backward. At the same time, the pressure plate structure B compresses the compression spring B, and the connecting rod structure B is connected to the pin shaft at the end of the cylinder rod B. The connecting rod structure B moves under the push of the cylinder rod B, and the connecting rod structure B drives the cylinder pin pulling mechanism. At this time, the cylinder pin transmission plate moves to the bottom of the arm pin working plate.

[0033] The connecting rod structure B is connected to the cylinder pin transmission plate of the cylinder pin extraction mechanism, and the cylinder pin transmission plate, the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body, the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group, and the cylinder pin drive shaft are connected as a whole. The cylinder pin drive shaft slides along the self-lubricating plate and the track groove of the cylinder pin extraction structure under the action of the driving force of the cylinder rod B. Since the cylinder pin slides horizontally along the pin hole of the lower vertical plate of the cylinder head structure at the lower part of the cylinder head structure, the cylinder pin drive shaft retracts the cylinder pin extraction structure, the self-lubricating plate, and the cylinder pin inward while sliding in the track groove, thereby realizing the cylinder pin extraction function.

[0034] When the cylinder pin is in place, the cylinder pin transmission plate is exactly located below the arm pin working plate, so that the arm pin working plate cannot move downward, thereby reaching the mechanical limit and the arm pin cannot be pulled out.

[0035] When the cylinder pin is pulled out, the end of the connecting ear plate B of the connecting rod structure B is exactly located on the right end surface of the limit plate to prevent the pin from being over-pulled out.

[0036] At this time, the cylinder pin is pulled out from the tail of the first telescopic arm, the cylinder barrel of the main oil cylinder of the boom is extended to the foremost arm section, and the cylinder barrel drives the cylinder pin to the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the foremost arm section to extend the cylinder pin.

[0037] Cylinder pin extension process: When the cylinder rod B in the double-rod oil cylinder is extended, the pressure plate structure B compresses the spring to generate spring force. Under the action of the spring force, the oil pressure in the cylinder rod B cavity is released at the same time, and the cylinder rod B retracts, realizing the function of quick cylinder pin insertion.

[0038] After the cylinder pin extends to the cylinder pin hole at the tail end of the foremost boom section, the double-rod cylinder is in the initial state, that is, the cylinder rods on both sides are fully retracted, and then the arm pin is pulled out.

[0039] The process of pulling out the arm pin: the cylinder rod A in the double-rod oil cylinder extends forward (forward in the present invention refers to the direction away from the cylinder head body; backward refers to the direction close to the cylinder head body), and the end of the cylinder rod A is connected to the pin shaft of the connecting plate structure. The connecting rod structure A moves with the drive of the connecting plate structure, and the connecting rod structure A moves forward with the arm pin sliding plate, and the pressure plate structure A compresses the spring A at the same time.

[0040] Because the arm pin sliding plate is provided with a track groove and the arm pin working plate is provided with a threaded hole, the sliding shaft is fixed to the arm pin working plate via a threaded connection. When the arm pin is pulled out, the arm pin sliding plate moves forward driven by the connecting rod structure A, and the sliding shaft slides along the track groove. At the same time, the end of the sliding shaft is specially processed to be locked in the limit groove of the fixed plate. This ensures that when the sliding shaft slides downward along the track groove, the arm pin working plate moves downward, and the arm pin working plate drives the arm pin downward, so that the arm pin is disengaged from the insertion hole, and the arm pin is pulled out.

[0041] When the arm pin is pulled into place, the arm pin working plate is just in front of the cylinder pin transmission plate. The two restrict each other in the front and rear directions, making the cylinder pin transmission plate unable to move, thereby reaching the mechanical limit and the cylinder pin cannot be pulled out.

[0042] When the arm pin is pulled out, the end of the connecting ear plate A is exactly located on the left end surface of the limit plate to prevent the pin from being pulled out too much.

[0043] At this time, the arm pin of the foremost arm section is pulled out from the pin hole of the upper arm section, the main oil cylinder of the boom extends, and at the same time, the foremost arm section is driven to extend at the same time through the cylinder pin.

[0044] After the foremost arm section is extended into place, extend the arm pin.

[0045] The process of extending the arm pin: when the cylinder rod B in the double-rod oil cylinder is extended, the pressure plate structure A compresses the spring A to generate spring force. Under the action of the spring force, the oil pressure in the cylinder rod A cavity is released at the same time, and the cylinder rod A retracts, pulling the arm pin sliding plate back, so that the arm pin working plate is at the top, releasing the arm pin, and realizing the function of quickly extending the arm pin.

[0046] The above is only for the extension of a single boom section. The retraction of the boom section is the opposite of this process. During the extension and retraction of the boom section, the cylinder pin and the arm pin mechanism are mechanically interlocked to ensure the safety of the crane.

[0047] The utility model also provides a crane with the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism. The single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism is suitable for serial installation of cranes, and is convenient to install and simple to operate.

[0048] A crane includes the above-mentioned single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism, which is installed on the outside of the main oil cylinder of the boom and cooperates with the arm pin on the telescopic boom section. Specifically, the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism is arranged above the cylinder barrel of the boom main oil cylinder, and the cylinder rod of the boom main oil cylinder is fixed to the tail of the basic boom. When the cylinder barrel is extended or retracted, the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism cooperates with the arm pin on the boom section to realize the extension and retraction of the boom section. When the boom is in the fully retracted state, the cylinder pin is inserted into the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the first telescopic boom of the boom, and the arm pins of each boom section are in the extended and locked state. At this time, the cylinder rods at both ends of the double-rod oil cylinder are fully retracted, the arm pin working plate is at the top, and the arm pin working plate is in the released state.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism and the crane provided by the utility model have the following advantages:

[0050] (1) The connecting rod system changes the traditional integrated form and realizes the series transformation of cranes through articulated connection, improves work efficiency, and realizes the rapid replacement of pin-pulling cylinders;

[0051] (2) The cylinder pin has a simple structure, which is convenient for maintenance and repair, and the whole machine maintenance is more convenient;

[0052] (3) Multiple mechanical interlocks of the plug-in and pull-out cylinder arm pin mechanism ensure the safety of the crane. The cylinder arm pins have multiple mechanical interlocks for better safety.

[0053] (4) The double-rod oil cylinder adopts a built-in spring type, which is easy to install. The single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism can be quickly disassembled and assembled in the crane, reducing maintenance costs; the plug-in pin mechanism has a serialized feature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 This is a front view of the single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a top view of the single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cylinder head body, cylinder pin pulling mechanism and arm pin pulling mechanism of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the cylinder head body, cylinder pin pulling mechanism and arm pin pulling mechanism of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 This is a front view of the double-rod cylinder system of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a top view of the double-rod oil cylinder system of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the double-rod oil cylinder of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the puller arm pin of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 This is a front view of the arm puller pin of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 1. It is a top view of the pull arm pin of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the puller pin parallel-bar oil cylinder of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 12 It is a partial enlarged view of the cylinder pin pulling mechanism of the present invention when the cylinder pin is pulled out;

[0066] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the cylinder pin of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 14 This is a front view of the cylinder pin of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 15 This is a top view of the cylinder puller pin of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 16 It is a cross-sectional view of a double-bar oil cylinder with cylinder pins pulled out of the present invention.

[0070] Figures: 1. Cylinder head, 2. Limit plate, 3. Double-rod cylinder system, 4. Cylinder support plate, 5. Cylinder pin extraction mechanism, 6. Arm pin extraction mechanism, 7. Arm pin, 11. Upper cylinder head structure, 12. Lower cylinder head structure, 13. Positioning pin, 14. Connecting bolt assembly, 31. Connecting rod structure A, 32. Connecting rod structure B, 33. Double-rod cylinder, 34. Connecting plate structure, 51. Upper cylinder pin transmission body, 52. Lower cylinder pin transmission body, 53. Cylinder pin extraction mechanism, 54. Fixing pin, 55. Cylinder pin, 56. Cylinder pin drive main body bolt group, 57. Cylinder pin drive shaft, 58. Self-lubricating plate, 61. Arm pin working plate, 62. Arm pin sliding plate, 63. Sliding shaft, 64. Sealing seat assembly, 111. Fixed plate, 121. Special-shaped vertical plate, 122. Cylinder head structure lower vertical plate, 311. Connecting ear plate A, 321. Connecting ear plate B, 331. Cylinder rod B, 332. Cylinder rod A, 334. Pressure plate structure A, 333. Spring A, 335. Spring B, 336. Pressure plate structure B, 337. Cylinder barrel, 511. Cylinder pin drive plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, rather than all of its contents.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This embodiment discloses a single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism. Figure 1-16 As shown, it includes a cylinder head body 1, a limit plate 2, a double-rod oil cylinder system 3, an oil cylinder support plate 4, a cylinder pin pulling mechanism 5 and an arm pin pulling mechanism 6;

[0074] The cylinder head main body 1 includes an upper cylinder head structure 11, a lower cylinder head structure 12, a positioning pin shaft 13 and a connecting bolt group 14; two fixing plates 111 are vertically arranged above the upper cylinder head structure 11. Specifically, the two fixing plates 111 are respectively located on both sides of the middle opening of the upper cylinder head structure 11 and are parallel to each other. A vertical downward limiting groove is provided in the middle of the fixing plate 111. The upper cylinder head structure 11 and the lower cylinder head structure 12 are positioned up and down by the positioning pin shaft 13. A special-shaped vertical plate 121 is provided on the inner side of the upper cylinder head structure 11 and the lower cylinder head structure 12. The upper cylinder head structure 11, the lower cylinder head structure 12 and the special-shaped vertical plate 121 are connected by the connecting bolt group 14, so that the upper cylinder head structure 11 and the lower cylinder head structure 12 are tightly connected.

[0075] The cylinder pin pulling mechanism 5 is located in the cylinder head body 1, and the cylinder pin pulling mechanism 5 includes an upper cylinder pin transmission body 51, a lower cylinder pin transmission body 52, a cylinder pin structure 53, two cylinder pin pulling structures 53, two cylinder pins 55, two cylinder pin transmission body bolt groups 56, two cylinder pin drive shafts 57 and two self-lubricating plates 58. The upper cylinder pin transmission body 51 and the lower cylinder pin transmission body 52 are connected at the upper and lower parts by the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group 56. The ear plate of the upper cylinder pin transmission body 51, the ear plate of the lower cylinder pin transmission body 52, the self-lubricating plate 58 and the cylinder pin structure 53 are combined into a group through the cylinder pin drive shaft 57, and the two groups are respectively located on both sides of the connected upper cylinder pin transmission body 51 and the lower cylinder pin transmission body 52.

[0076] Specifically, the two self-lubricating plates 58 are located on the inner sides of the ear plates of the upper part 51 of the cylinder pin transmission body and the ear plates of the lower part 52 of the cylinder pin transmission body, the two cylinder pin pulling structures 53 of the cylinder pin structure 53 are located on the inner sides of the two self-lubricating plates 58, and the cylinder pin drive shaft 57 is vertically penetrated through the ear plates of the upper part 51 of the cylinder pin transmission body, the ear plates of the lower part 52 of the cylinder pin transmission body, the self-lubricating plates 58 and the cylinder pin structure 53.

[0077] The cylinder pin 55 passes through the reserved hole of the cylinder head body 1 and is threadedly connected to the bolt hole of the cylinder pin structure 53. A fixing pin 54 is provided between the cylinder pin 55 and the cylinder pin structure 53 to prevent loosening. A cylinder pin transmission plate 511 is vertically provided at the top of the upper part 51 of the cylinder pin transmission body. The cylinder pin transmission plate 511 is located in the middle opening of the upper part 11 of the cylinder head structure.

[0078] The arm pin pulling mechanism 6 is located above the cylinder head body 1, and the arm pin pulling mechanism 6 includes an arm pin working plate 61, two arm pin sliding plates 62, two sliding shafts 63 and two sealing seat assemblies 64. The two arm pin sliding plates 62 are respectively arranged on both sides of the arm pin working plate 61, and a track groove is provided in the arm pin sliding plate 62. One end of the sliding shaft 63 is threadedly connected to the arm pin working plate 61, and the other end can be clamped in the limiting groove of the fixed plate 111, and a sealing seat assembly 64 is provided; the middle part of the sliding shaft 63 is penetrated in the track groove, and the sliding shaft 63 can slide along the track groove. When the sliding shaft 63 slides along the track groove, the arm pin working plate 61 can move downward through the limiting groove of the fixed plate 111;

[0079] The dual-rod cylinder system 3 is located on one side of the cylinder head body 1 and includes a connecting rod structure A31, a connecting lug plate A311, a connecting rod structure B32, a connecting lug plate B321, a dual-rod cylinder 33, and a connecting plate structure 34. One end of the connecting rod structure A31 is connected to the arm pin sliding plate 62 of the arm pin extraction mechanism 6 via the connecting lug plate A311, and the other end is connected to the connecting plate structure 34. One end of the connecting rod structure B32 is connected to the cylinder pin transmission plate 511 of the cylinder pin extraction mechanism 5, and the other end is connected in sequence to the connecting lug plate B321, the dual-rod cylinder 33, and the connecting plate structure 34. The connecting plate structure 34 is connected to the cylinder rod A332 and the ends of the two sets of connecting rod structures A31 facing away from the cylinder pin extraction mechanism 5.

[0080] The double-rod oil cylinder 33 includes a cylinder rod A332, a cylinder rod B331, a spring A333, a cylinder barrel 337, a spring B335, a pressure plate structure A334 and a pressure plate structure B336. The cylinder rod B331 and the cylinder rod A332 are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel 337; the pressure plate structure B336 and the pressure plate structure A334 are respectively fixed on the cylinder rod B331 and the cylinder rod A332, and are located inside the cylinder barrel 337; the spring A333 is installed inside the cylinder barrel 337. The left end of the spring A333 is limited by the pressure plate structure A334, and the right end is limited by the right end flange of the cylinder 337; the spring B335 is installed on the left side of the inside of the cylinder 337 and is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder rod B331. The left end of the spring B335 is limited by the left end flange of the cylinder 337, and the right end is limited by the pressure plate structure B336; the cylinder rod B331 is connected to the connecting ear plate B321, and the cylinder rod A332 is connected to the connecting plate structure 34.

[0081] The limit plate 2 is mounted on the side of the double-rod cylinder system 3 close to the cylinder head body 1. When the cylinder pin is pulled out, the end of the connecting ear plate B321 of the connecting rod structure B32 can be exactly located on the end face of the limit plate 2 close to the cylinder head body 1 to prevent the pin from being over-pulled out.

[0082] The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism further includes a cylinder support plate 4 , one end of which is fixed to the middle of the double-rod cylinder system 3 , and the other end is fixed to the outside of the cylinder barrel 337 .

[0083] The working principle of the single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism is as follows:

[0084] This single-cylinder latch is arranged above the main oil cylinder barrel inside the boom, and the cylinder rod of the main oil cylinder of the boom is fixed to the basic tail. When the boom is in the fully retracted state, the cylinder pin 55 is inserted into the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the first telescopic arm of the boom, and the arm pins of each section of the boom are in an extended and locked state. At this time, the cylinder rods at both ends of the double-rod cylinder 33 are fully retracted, the arm pin working plate 61 is at the top, and the arm pin working plate 61 is in a released state.

[0085] Before the boom is extended, the cylinder pin 55 is first pulled out from the tail end of the first telescopic arm.

[0086] The process of pulling out the cylinder pin: the cylinder rods at both ends of the double-rod cylinder 33 are fully retracted, the arm pin working plate 61 is at the top, and the arm pin working plate 61 is in the released state, that is, the arm pins of each section are extended, and the cylinder rod B331 in the double-rod cylinder 33 is extended backward. At the same time, the pressure plate structure B336 compresses the compression spring B335, and the connecting rod structure B32 is connected to the pin shaft at the end of the cylinder rod B331. The connecting rod structure B32 moves under the push of the cylinder rod B331, and the connecting rod structure B32 drives the cylinder pin pulling mechanism 5. At this time, the cylinder pin transmission plate 511 moves to the bottom of the arm pin working plate 61.

[0087] The connecting rod structure B32 is connected to the cylinder pin transmission plate 511 of the cylinder pin extraction mechanism 5, and the cylinder pin transmission plate 511, the upper part of the cylinder pin transmission body 51, the lower part of the cylinder pin transmission body 52, the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group 56, and the cylinder pin drive shaft 57 are connected as a whole. The cylinder pin drive shaft 57 slides along the self-lubricating plate 58 and the track groove of the cylinder pin extraction structure 53 under the action of the driving force of the cylinder rod B331. Since the cylinder pin 55 slides horizontally along the pin hole of the lower vertical plate 122 of the cylinder head structure of the lower part 12 of the cylinder head structure, the cylinder pin drive shaft 57 retracts the cylinder pin structure 53, the self-lubricating plate 58, and the cylinder pin 55 inward while sliding in the track groove, thereby realizing the cylinder pin extraction function.

[0088] When the cylinder pin is pulled out into place, the cylinder pin transmission plate 511 is located just below the arm pin working plate 61, so that the arm pin working plate 61 cannot move downward, thereby reaching the mechanical limit and the arm pin cannot be pulled out.

[0089] When the cylinder pin is pulled out, the end portion 321 of the connecting ear plate B of the connecting rod structure B32 is exactly located on the right end surface of the limiting plate 2 to prevent the pin from being over-pulled out.

[0090] At this time, the cylinder pin 55 is pulled out from the tail of the first telescopic arm, and the cylinder barrel of the boom master cylinder extends to the foremost arm section. The cylinder barrel drives the cylinder pin 55 to the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the foremost arm section to extend the cylinder pin.

[0091] Cylinder pin extension process: When the cylinder rod B331 in the double-rod oil cylinder 33 is extended, the pressure plate structure B336 compresses the spring 335 to generate spring force. Under the action of the spring force, the oil pressure in the cylinder rod B331 cavity is released at the same time, and the cylinder rod B331 retracts, realizing the function of quickly inserting the cylinder pin.

[0092] After the cylinder pin extends to the cylinder pin hole at the tail end of the foremost arm section, the double-rod oil cylinder 33 is in the initial state, that is, the cylinder rods on both sides are in the fully retracted state, and then the arm pin is pulled out.

[0093] The process of pulling out the arm pin: the cylinder rod A332 in the double-rod cylinder 33 extends forward, the end of the cylinder rod A332 is connected to the pin shaft of the connecting plate structure 34, and the connecting rod structure A31 moves with the drive of the connecting plate structure 34. The connecting rod structure A31 moves forward with the arm pin sliding plate 62, and the pressure plate structure A334 compresses the spring A333 at the same time.

[0094] Since the arm pin sliding plate 62 is provided with a track groove and the arm pin working plate 61 is provided with a threaded hole, the sliding shaft 63 is fixed to the arm pin working plate 61 through a threaded connection. When the arm pin is pulled out, the arm pin sliding plate 62 moves forward under the drive of the connecting rod structure A31, and the sliding shaft 63 slides along the track groove. At the same time, the end of the sliding shaft 63 is specially processed to be able to be locked in the limit groove of the fixed plate 111, ensuring that when the sliding shaft 63 slides downward along the track groove, the arm pin working plate 61 moves downward. At the same time, the arm pin working plate 61 drives the arm pin downward, so that the arm pin is disengaged from the insertion and extraction hole, and the arm pin extraction function is realized.

[0095] When the arm pin is pulled out, the arm pin working plate 61 is just in front of the cylinder pin transmission plate 511. The two restrict each other in the front and rear directions, making the cylinder pin transmission plate 511 unable to move, thereby reaching the mechanical limit and the cylinder pin cannot be pulled out.

[0096] When the arm pin is pulled out, the end of the connecting ear plate A311 is just located on the left end surface of the limiting plate 2 to prevent the pin from being pulled out too much.

[0097] At this time, the arm pin of the foremost arm section is pulled out from the pin hole of the upper arm section, and the main oil cylinder of the boom extends, and at the same time, the foremost arm section is driven to extend at the same time through the cylinder pin 55.

[0098] After the foremost arm section is extended into place, extend the arm pin.

[0099] The process of extending the arm pin: when the cylinder rod B331 in the double-rod cylinder 33 is extended, the pressure plate structure A334 compresses the spring A333 to generate a spring force. Under the action of the spring force, the oil pressure in the cavity of the cylinder rod A332 is released at the same time, and the cylinder rod A332 retracts, pulling the arm pin sliding plate 62 back, so that the arm pin working plate 61 is located at the top, releasing the arm pin, and realizing the function of quickly extending the arm pin.

[0100] The above is only for the purpose of extending a single boom section. The retraction of the boom section is the opposite of the secondary process. During the extension and retraction of the boom section, the cylinder pin and the arm pin mechanism are mechanically interlocked to ensure the safety of the crane.

[0101] The connecting rod system of the single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism of this embodiment changes the traditional integrated form and realizes the series transformation of cranes through hinged connection; the plug-in cylinder arm pin mechanism has multiple mechanical interlocks to ensure the safety of the crane; the cylinder pin structure is simple and easy to maintain and repair; the double-rod oil cylinder adopts a built-in spring type, which is easy to install; the single-cylinder plug-in pin mechanism can be quickly disassembled and assembled in the crane, reducing maintenance costs.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or equivalent replacement of some or all of the technical features therein, do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a cylinder head body (1), a double-rod oil cylinder system (3), a cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5) and an arm pin pulling mechanism (6); The cylinder head body (1) comprises an upper cylinder head structure (11), a lower cylinder head structure (12), a positioning pin shaft (13) and a connecting bolt group (14); a fixing plate (111) is vertically arranged above the upper cylinder head structure (11), and a limiting groove is arranged in the middle of the fixing plate (111); the upper cylinder head structure (11) and the lower cylinder head structure (12) are positioned up and down by the positioning pin shaft (13); The cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5) is located in the cylinder head body (1), and the cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5) includes a cylinder pin transmission body upper part (51), a cylinder pin transmission body lower part (52), a cylinder pin pulling structure (53), a cylinder pin (55), a cylinder pin transmission body bolt group (56), a cylinder pin drive shaft (57) and a self-lubricating plate (58). The cylinder pin transmission body upper part (51) and the cylinder pin transmission body lower part (52) are connected to each other through the cylinder pin transmission body bolt group (56), and The lug plate of the upper part (51) of the cylinder pin transmission body, the lug plate of the lower part (52) of the cylinder pin transmission body, the self-lubricating plate (58) and the cylinder pin structure (53) are combined into one body through the cylinder pin drive shaft (57), and the cylinder pin (55) passes through the cylinder head body (1) and is threadedly connected to the bolt hole of the cylinder pin structure (53); a cylinder pin transmission plate (511) is vertically arranged on the upper part (51) of the cylinder pin transmission body, and the cylinder pin transmission plate (511) is located at the middle opening of the upper part (11) of the cylinder head structure; The arm pin pulling mechanism (6) is located above the cylinder head body (1), and the arm pin pulling mechanism (6) includes an arm pin working plate (61), an arm pin sliding plate (62), a sliding shaft (63) and a sealing seat assembly (64). A track groove is provided in the arm pin sliding plate (62), one end of the sliding shaft (63) is threadedly connected to the arm pin working plate (61), and the other end can be clamped in the limiting groove of the fixed plate (111); the middle part of the sliding shaft (63) is penetrated in the track groove, and the sliding shaft (63) can slide along the track groove. When the sliding shaft (63) slides along the track groove, the arm pin working plate (61) can move downward through the limiting groove of the fixed plate (111); The double-rod oil cylinder system (3) is located on one side of the cylinder head body (1), and comprises a connecting rod structure A (31), a connecting lug plate A (311), a connecting rod structure B (32), a connecting lug plate B (321), a double-rod oil cylinder (33) and a connecting plate structure (34); one end of the connecting rod structure A (31) is connected to the arm pin sliding plate (62) of the arm pin pulling mechanism (6) through the connecting lug plate A (311), and the other end is connected to the connecting plate structure (34); one end of the connecting rod structure B (32) is connected to the cylinder pin transmission plate (511) of the cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5), and the other end is connected in sequence to the connecting lug plate B (321), the double-rod oil cylinder (33) and the connecting plate structure (34).

2. The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A special-shaped vertical plate (121) is provided inside the cylinder head structure upper part (11) and the cylinder head structure lower part (12), and the cylinder head structure upper part (11), the cylinder head structure lower part (12) and the special-shaped vertical plate (121) are connected via a connecting bolt group (14).

3. The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism further comprises a limit plate (2), which is sleeved on a side of the double-rod oil cylinder system (3) close to the cylinder head body (1). When the cylinder pin is extracted, the end of the connecting ear plate B (321) of the connecting rod structure B (32) can be exactly located on the end surface of the limit plate (2) close to the cylinder head body (1).

4. The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism further comprises an oil cylinder support plate (4), one end of which is fixed to the outside of the cylinder barrel (337), and the other end of which is fixed to the main oil cylinder of the arm.

5. The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate structure (34) is simultaneously connected to the cylinder rod A (332) and one end of the two connecting rod structures A (31) away from the cylinder pin pulling mechanism (5), and moves with the cylinder rod A (332).

6. The single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-rod oil cylinder (33) comprises a cylinder rod A (332), a cylinder rod B (331), a cylinder barrel (337), a spring A (333), a spring B (335), a pressure plate structure A (334) and a pressure plate structure B (336). The cylinder rod B (331) and the cylinder rod A (332) are respectively mounted on the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel (337); the pressure plate structure B (336) and the pressure plate structure A (334) are respectively fixed on the cylinder rod B (331) and the cylinder rod A (332) and are located inside the cylinder barrel (337); the spring A (333) is mounted on the cylinder barrel (337) The spring A (333) is mounted on the right side of the interior of the cylinder (337) and is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder rod A (332). The left end of the spring A (333) is limited by the pressure plate structure A (334), and the right end is limited by the right end flange of the cylinder (337). The spring B (335) is installed on the left side of the interior of the cylinder (337) and is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder rod B (331). The left end of the spring B (335) is limited by the left end flange of the cylinder (337), and the right end is limited by the pressure plate structure B (336). The cylinder rod B (331) is connected to the connecting ear plate B (321), and the cylinder rod A (332) is connected to the connecting plate structure (34).

7. The single-cylinder pin insertion and extraction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-lubricating plate (58) is located on the inner side of the ear plate of the upper part (51) of the cylinder pin transmission body and the ear plate of the lower part (52) of the cylinder pin transmission body, the cylinder pin pulling structure (53) is located on the inner side of the self-lubricating plate (58), and the cylinder pin driving shaft (57) is vertically inserted into the ear plate of the upper part (51) of the cylinder pin transmission body, the ear plate of the lower part (52) of the cylinder pin transmission body, the self-lubricating plate (58) and the cylinder pin structure (53).

8. The single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder pin (55) is threadedly connected to the bolt hole of the cylinder pin structure (53) and is provided with a fixing pin (54).

9. A crane, characterized in that: It comprises the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the single-cylinder pin plugging and pulling mechanism is installed on the outside of the main oil cylinder of the boom and cooperates with the arm pin on the telescopic boom section.

Images