Efficient biological fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor, which is characterized in that the input end of a deoxygenization area is connected with a water inlet pipe and a carbon source adding distributor, the output end of the deoxygenization area is provided with a plurality of unit pools which are sequentially connected, each unit pool is divided into a filter material filling area and a fluidization aeration area, a fluidization aerator is arranged in the fluidization aeration area, and the filter material filling area is communicated with the fluidization aeration area. The filter material filling area is connected with an input end, the fluidization aeration area is connected with an output end, a light polymer filter material is arranged in the filter material filling area and is in a fluidized state, the sludge discharging and flushing facility is connected with the deoxidizing area and the unit pool, and nitrogen or air can be introduced into the sludge discharging and flushing facility. According to the high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor, a fluidized bed structure is created by adopting a light polymer filter material, aeration and sludge discharge facilities are combined, the reactor which is small in occupied area, good in treatment effect and convenient and flexible to operate is developed, and the problems of filter material blockage and water loss increase caused by residual sludge and denitrification gas production of a fixed bed are avoided through a fluidized state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and more specifically relates to a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of advanced wastewater treatment, biological aeration filters and denitrification filters are commonly used to treat organic matter and nitrogen compounds. These filters often use ceramsite, volcanic rock, or quartz sand as the filter media for biological attachment, resulting in significant head loss. Simultaneously removing COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen requires at least two process units: carbon removal / nitrification and denitrification.

[0003] Aerated biological filters using lightweight polymer filter media usually have a multi-stage series structure due to the small head loss of the filter media. By controlling the aeration volume and the addition of carbon source, the functions of nitrification, denitrification and carbon removal can be completed in one structure.

[0004] The aforementioned tandem-structured biological aerated filter, which utilizes lightweight polymer media, uses a fixed-bed filter layer. During operation, excess sludge generated by microbial proliferation or nitrogen gas produced by denitrification can clog the filter media pores, impacting treatment effectiveness. Therefore, backwashing is often employed. This fixed-bed flushing approach has limited effectiveness, and when sludge or gas production is high, water loss in the filter layer increases rapidly, impacting system stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor to address the deficiencies in the existing technology, so as to solve the problems that the existing fixed bed form has limited flushing effect, the water loss of the filter layer increases rapidly when the mud production or gas production is large, and affects the stable operation of the system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the utility model provides a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor, comprising:

[0007] A deoxygenation zone, wherein the input end of the deoxygenation zone is connected to a water inlet pipe and a carbon source dosing distributor, and the output end of the deoxygenation zone is provided with a plurality of sequentially connected unit cells;

[0008] A filter material interception facility is provided, which separates the unit pool into a filter material filling area and a fluidized aeration area, wherein a fluidized aerator is provided in the fluidized aeration area, and the filter material filling area is connected to an input end and the fluidized aeration area is connected to an output end;

[0009] A light polymer filter material is provided in the filter material filling area, and the light polymer filter material is in a fluidized state;

[0010] The sludge flushing facility is connected to the deoxidation zone and the unit pool, and the sludge flushing facility can be introduced with nitrogen or air.

[0011] Optionally, the filter material intercepting facility is vertically arranged in the unit pool, and the mud flushing facility is connected to the filter material filling area.

[0012] Optionally, the fluidized aerator is vertically arranged, and includes an air outlet at the top, an internal upward nozzle, and a side nozzle connected to the outside.

[0013] Optionally, the fluidized aerator comprises:

[0014] The first section is cylindrical and has an upward nozzle disposed therein, the upward nozzle opening being opened upward, and two side nozzles disposed on a side wall of the first section, the upward nozzle and the side nozzle being connected to an intake pipe via a throttle;

[0015] a second section, wherein one end of the second section is connected to the first section, the other end of the second section is tapered, and a spiral slice is provided inside the second section;

[0016] The third section has one end connected to the second section, the other end of the third section is tapered, and a nail-shaped slice is provided inside the third section.

[0017] Optionally, three unit pools are provided, namely an anoxic pool, a first aerobic pool and a second aerobic pool, and the anoxic pool is connected to the deoxygenation zone.

[0018] Optionally, a bottom flow hole is provided between the deoxidation zone and the anoxic tank, and the bottom flow hole is provided with a filter screen.

[0019] Optionally, a top flow hole and a water distribution trough are provided on the top of the first aerobic tank, the top flow hole is connected to the anoxic tank, and a drainage pipe extending close to the bottom of the first aerobic tank is provided at the lower end of the water distribution trough.

[0020] Optionally, a water outlet trough and a drain pipe are provided at the top of the second aerobic tank away from the first aerobic tank.

[0021] Optionally, the lightweight polymer filter material has a specific gravity less than that of water.

[0022] Optionally, nitrogen is introduced into the anoxic tank, and air is introduced into the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank.

[0023] The utility model provides a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor uses lightweight polymer filter media to create a fluidized bed structure. Combined with aeration and sludge discharge facilities, a reactor with a small footprint, good treatment effect, and convenient and flexible operation is developed. The fluidized state avoids the problem of filter media clogging and increased water loss caused by excess sludge and denitrification gas production in the fixed bed.

[0025] 2. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor uses a fluidized aerator to form an up-and-down circulation flow state for the sewage, preventing the filter material from gathering on the outlet side and making the mass transfer more sufficient.

[0026] 3. The sludge flushing facilities can discharge the remaining sludge smoothly and play the role of air flushing. According to the operating conditions, nitrogen fluidization is used in the anoxic reaction, and forced air fluidization and oxygenation are used in the aerobic reaction, so as to realize the functions of carbon removal, nitrification and denitrification in one structure.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 The figure shows a structural schematic diagram of a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 The figure shows a structural diagram of a fluidized aerator of a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 The figure shows a structural diagram of a sludge flushing facility of a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Carbon source dosing pipe; 2. Carbon source dosing distributor; 3. Water inlet pipe; 4. Mud flushing facility; 5. Filter media interception facility; 6. Fluidized aerator; 7. Bottom flow hole; 8. Top flow hole; 9. Water distribution trough; 10. Drainage pipe; 11. Water outlet trough; 12. Drain pipe;

[0034] 41. Inner tube; 42. Retention cage; 43. Purge tube;

[0035] 61. Upward nozzle; 62. Spiral slice; 63. Spiral slice; 64. Air outlet; 65. Side nozzle; 66. Throttle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention in greater detail. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0037] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor comprises:

[0038] Deaeration zone: the input end of the deaeration zone is connected to the water inlet pipe 3 and the carbon source dosing distributor 2, and the output end of the deaeration zone is provided with a plurality of unit cells connected in sequence;

[0039] The filter material interception facility 5 divides the unit pool into a filter material filling area and a fluidized aeration area. A fluidized aerator 6 is provided in the fluidized aeration area. The filter material filling area is connected to the input end and the fluidized aeration area is connected to the output end.

[0040] The filter material filling area is provided with light polymer filter material, which is in a fluidized state;

[0041] The mud flushing facility 4 is connected to the deoxidation zone and the unit pool, and the mud flushing facility 4 can be introduced with nitrogen or air.

[0042] Specifically, the lightweight polymer filter media operates in a fluidized state within the filter packing area, with microorganisms growing on its surface. These microorganisms utilize their metabolic functions to remove pollutants from the wastewater. Fluidized aerators 6 agitate the lightweight polymer filter media. Sewage enters the top of the deoxygenation zone of the high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor and, under the action of the carbon source dosing distributor 2, is thoroughly mixed with the carbon source. It then passes through the deoxygenation zone from top to bottom. Microorganisms decompose the carbon source, consuming dissolved oxygen in the wastewater and creating the anoxic environment required for denitrification. Simultaneously, sludge flushing facilities 4 at the bottom of the deoxygenation zone can be injected with nitrogen to enhance the deoxygenation effect. The unit pool utilizes nitrogen fluidization for anoxic reactions and air fluidization and oxygenation for aerobic reactions, achieving carbon removal, nitrification, and denitrification within a single structure.

[0043] Furthermore, the carbon source dosing distributor 2 is connected to the carbon source dosing pipe 1. The filter media interception facility 5 is arranged vertically in each unit pool, including a steel frame and a screen. The steel frame is first constructed into a cross-shaped frame with a frame spacing of 600-800mm. A stainless steel screen with a pore size of 10-20mm is laid on the surface. The screen pore size is smaller than the side length of the lightweight polymer filter media, generally 30-50mm.

[0044] In this embodiment, the filter material intercepting facility 5 is vertically arranged in the unit pool, and the mud flushing facility 4 is connected to the filter material filling area.

[0045] Specifically, the mud flushing facility 4 includes an inner tube 41, a retention cage 42 and a purge pipe 43. Among them, the inner tube 41 is a perforated tube, the hole spacing is usually 100~200mm, the hole diameter is 10mm, and the hole direction is symmetrically arranged at a 45° angle downward. The retention cage 42 is composed of a round steel support ring and a blocking net. The round steel support ring spacing is usually 300~500mm, and the blocking net diameter is 10~20mm. The purpose of the retention cage 42 is to prevent the filter material from clogging the mud flushing facility 4 during the mud discharge process. At the same time, in order to enhance the mud discharge effect, a purge pipe 43 is also provided on the outside of the retention cage 42. The purge pipe 43 is usually evenly distributed in 4 to 6 pieces, which are perforated air pipes with a hole spacing of 100mm, a hole diameter of 3~5mm, and a hole direction away from the center of the retention cage 42. This purge pipe 43 simultaneously plays the role of air flushing and preventing the filter material from gathering outside the retention cage 42.

[0046] In this embodiment, the fluidized aerator 6 is vertically arranged, and includes an air outlet 64 at the top, an internal upward nozzle 61 and a side nozzle 65 communicating with the outside.

[0047] Specifically, the upward nozzle 61 is used to entrain the sewage to flow in a mixed manner, and the side nozzle 65 is used to prevent the light polymer filter material from gathering near the fluidized aerator 6 due to vacuum suction.

[0048] In this embodiment, the fluidized aerator 6 includes:

[0049] The first section is cylindrical and has an upward nozzle 61 with an upward opening. The side wall of the first section is provided with two side nozzles 65. The upward nozzle 61 and the side nozzle 65 are connected to the intake pipe through a restrictor 66.

[0050] The second section has one end connected to the first section, the other end of the second section is tapered, and a spiral slice 62 is provided inside the second section;

[0051] The third section has one end connected to the second section, and the other end of the third section is tapered. A nail-shaped section 63 is provided inside the third section.

[0052] Specifically, the outer shell of the fluidized aerator 6 is divided into three sections from bottom to top. The first section includes an air inlet, an upward nozzle 61, a throttle 66 and two side nozzles 65. Nitrogen or blast air enters from the air inlet and is then divided into two paths. 95% of the gas is ejected from the upward nozzle 61 and enters the second section. Under the spraying action of the upward nozzle 61, a vacuum is formed at the bottom of the fluidized aerator 6, sucking in the sewage at the bottom of the pool and ejecting it from the upward nozzle 61 together with the gas. 5% of the gas enters the side nozzle 65 after passing through the throttle 66. The gas ejected from the upward nozzle 61 is used for fluidized aeration. The gas ejected from the side nozzle 65 is used for purging to prevent light polymer filter materials from accumulating near the fluidized aerator 6 due to vacuum suction. When the unit pool is in aerobic operation, blast air is used. When the unit pool is in anoxic operation, nitrogen is used. The spiral slice 62 stirs and mixes to break the bubbles, and the nail-shaped slice 63 breaks the bubbles.

[0053] The second section of the fluidized aerator 6 is tapered from bottom to top and is internally provided with spiral slices 62 for cutting bubbles. The spiral slices 62 are usually provided in three groups.

[0054] The third section of the fluidized aerator 6 is also tapered from bottom to top, and the inner wall is provided with nail-shaped slices 63 to further cut the bubbles. The nail-shaped slices 63 are usually arranged in three layers, with 4 to 6 slices per layer.

[0055] After passing through the outlet of the fluidized aerator 6, the nitrogen or blast air is transformed into fine bubbles and ejected upward. The flow in the fluidized aeration zone is from bottom to top, while the flow in the filter media filling zone is from top to bottom. Because the lightweight filter media has a lower specific gravity than water, the downward thrust generated by the fluidized aerator 6 in the filter media filling zone effectively prevents the filter media from accumulating near the outlet, creating an optimal fluidized state.

[0056] In this embodiment, three unit pools are provided, namely the anoxic pool, the first aerobic pool and the second aerobic pool, and the anoxic pool is connected to the deoxygenation zone.

[0057] In this embodiment, a bottom flow hole 7 is provided between the deoxidation zone and the anoxic tank, and a filter screen is provided in the bottom flow hole 7 .

[0058] Specifically, the sewage after the dissolved oxygen is removed in the deoxygenation zone enters the first-stage unit pool from the flow hole 7 at the bottom of the deoxygenation zone. The filter screen can prevent the filter material from entering the deoxygenation zone.

[0059] In this embodiment, a top flow hole 8 and a water distribution trough 9 are provided on the top of the first aerobic tank. The top flow hole 8 is connected to the anoxic tank. The lower end of the water distribution trough 9 is provided with a drainage pipe 10 extending close to the bottom of the first aerobic tank.

[0060] Specifically, the sewage from the previous unit pool is drained to the bottom of the next unit pool through the water distribution trough 9 and the drainage pipe 10.

[0061] In this embodiment, a water outlet trough 11 and a drain pipe 12 are provided at the top of the second aerobic tank away from the first aerobic tank.

[0062] Specifically, the treated sewage is discharged through the outlet tank 11 and the drain pipe 12 .

[0063] In this embodiment, the specific gravity of the lightweight polymer filter material is less than that of water.

[0064] Specifically, the filter media interception facility 5 divides the unit tank into two sections: the filter media filling area and the fluidized aeration area. Lightweight polymer filter media is fluidized within the filter media filling area, with microorganisms growing on its surface. These microorganisms utilize their metabolic functions to remove pollutants from the wastewater. Each unit tank is typically equipped with three to six fluidized aerators 6, and sludge flushing facilities 4.

[0065] In this embodiment, nitrogen is introduced into the anoxic tank, and air is introduced into the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank.

[0066] Specifically, different gases are introduced according to the operating environment of the unit cell.

[0067] In this embodiment, a high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor is used, taking installation and use as an example:

[0068] The device mainly consists of a deoxidation zone and three series-connected reaction unit pools, a carbon source dosing distributor 2, a filter material interception facility 5, a fluidized aerator 6, and a sludge flushing facility 4. The first unit pool is an anoxic pool; the second and third unit pools are aerobic pools.

[0069] Sewage enters the deoxygenation zone at the top of the high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor. The carbon source dosing distributor (2) thoroughly mixes the wastewater with the carbon source, and then flows downward through the deoxygenation zone. Microorganisms decompose the carbon source, consuming dissolved oxygen in the wastewater and creating the anoxic environment necessary for denitrification. Simultaneously, a sludge flushing facility (4) at the bottom of the deoxygenation zone injects nitrogen to enhance deoxygenation.

[0070] Sewage enters the first-stage unit tank through bottom flow hole 7. This first-stage unit tank is a denitrification tank inoculated with denitrifying bacteria, which convert nitrate nitrogen in the sewage into nitrogen gas through microbial action. A filter at bottom flow hole 7 prevents filter media from entering the deoxygenation zone.

[0071] The filter media interception facility 5 within the first-stage unit pool divides the first-stage unit pool into a filter media filling area and a fluidized aeration area. The filter media filling area is equipped with lightweight polymer filter media and a sludge flushing facility 4. The lightweight polymer filter media has a side length of 30 mm and is fluidized in the filter media filling area. The sludge flushing facility 4 is installed on the pool bottom.

[0072] The filter material interception facility 5 is arranged vertically, and is constructed of steel in a crisscross frame with a spacing of 600mm. A stainless steel mesh is laid on its surface, and the mesh aperture is 10mm.

[0073] Four sets of sludge flushing facilities 4 are provided. The inner pipe 41 is a perforated sludge pipe with holes spaced 100mm apart and 10mm in diameter. The holes are arranged symmetrically at a 45° angle downward, enabling bottom drainage and removing excess sludge. The round steel support rings of the retention cage 42 are spaced 300mm apart, and the mesh has a 10mm aperture. Six evenly spaced purge pipes 43 are perforated air pipes with holes spaced 100mm apart and 3mm in diameter, facing away from the center of the retention cage 42.

[0074] The first-stage mud flushing facility 4 uses nitrogen to effectively remove excess sludge and prevent filter material from accumulating outside it. At the same time, the air flushing enhances the mud removal effect. The second and third-stage mud flushing facilities 4 use blast air.

[0075] A fluidized aerator 6 is installed in the fluidized aeration zone, and nitrogen fluidization is adopted in the first-stage unit pool.

[0076] Four sets of fluidized aerators 6 are provided, and their outer shells are divided into three sections from bottom to top. The first section contains the air inlet, an upward nozzle 61, a throttle 66, and two side nozzles 65. The second section tapers from bottom to top and is equipped with three sets of spiral slices 62. The third section also tapers from bottom to top and is equipped with spike-like slices 63 on its inner wall. These spikes 63 are arranged in three layers, with four slices per layer.

[0077] Nitrogen enters the first-stage unit tank through the air inlet and is then split into two paths. 95% of the gas is ejected from the upward nozzle 61 and enters the second stage. The jet from the upward nozzle 61 creates a vacuum at the bottom of the fluidized aerator 6, sucking in wastewater from the tank bottom and ejecting it along with the nitrogen from the upward nozzle 61. 5% of the gas passes through the restrictor 66 and enters the side nozzle 65. The gas ejected from the upward nozzle 61 is used for fluidized aeration. The gas ejected from the side nozzle 65 is used for purging, preventing the accumulation of lightweight polymer filter material near the fluidized aerator 6 due to vacuum suction.

[0078] Under this nitrogen fluidization, the sewage flows from bottom to top in the fluidized aeration zone and from top to bottom in the filter media filling zone. Because the lightweight polymer filter media has a lower specific gravity than water, this downward thrust creates an excellent fluidized state, preventing the filter media from accumulating on the outlet side.

[0079] The outlet water of the first-stage unit pool enters the water distribution trough 9 of the second-stage unit pool through the flow hole 8 at the top, and then comes to the bottom of the second-stage unit pool through the vertical drainage pipe 10. After the reaction in the second-stage unit pool, the water enters the water distribution trough 9 of the third-stage unit pool from the flow hole 8 at the top of the outlet side of the second-stage unit pool, and then comes to the bottom of the third-stage unit pool through the vertical drainage pipe 10. After the reaction in the third-stage unit pool, the water enters the outlet trough 11 from the flow hole 8 at the top of the outlet side of the third-stage unit pool and is discharged through the drain pipe 12.

[0080] Aside from the water distribution trough 9 and vertical drainage pipe 10, the second- and third-stage unit pools share the same layout as the first-stage unit pools. Since the second- and third-stage unit pools are aerobic, they are inoculated with nitrifying bacteria and aerobic carbon-removing bacteria, and utilize forced air for fluidization and simultaneous oxygenation. Through the metabolic action of these microorganisms, ammonia nitrogen and COD are removed from the wastewater.

[0081] When the water inflow is 150m 3 / h, the effluent meets the "Petrochemical Industry Pollutant Emission Standard" GB 31571-2015.

[0082] Serial number project unit import exit 1 CODcr mg / L ≤80 ≤50 2 <![CDATA[NH3-N]]> mg / L ≤10 ≤5 3 Total nitrogen mg / L ≤30 ≤15

[0083] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is intended to be illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor, characterized in that: include: A deoxygenation zone, wherein the input end of the deoxygenation zone is connected to a water inlet pipe and a carbon source dosing distributor, and the output end of the deoxygenation zone is provided with a plurality of sequentially connected unit cells; A filter material interception facility is provided, which separates the unit pool into a filter material filling area and a fluidized aeration area, wherein a fluidized aerator is provided in the fluidized aeration area, and the filter material filling area is connected to an input end and the fluidized aeration area is connected to an output end; A light polymer filter material is provided in the filter material filling area, and the light polymer filter material is in a fluidized state; The sludge flushing facility is connected to the deoxidation zone and the unit pool, and the sludge flushing facility can be introduced with nitrogen or air.

2. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter material intercepting facility is vertically arranged in the unit pool, and the mud flushing facility is connected to the filter material filling area.

3. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fluidized aerator is vertically arranged and comprises an air outlet at the top, an internal upward nozzle and a side nozzle communicating with the outside.

4. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fluidized aerator comprises: The first section is cylindrical and has an upward nozzle disposed therein, the upward nozzle opening being opened upward, and two side nozzles disposed on a side wall of the first section, the upward nozzle and the side nozzle being connected to an intake pipe via a throttle; a second section, wherein one end of the second section is connected to the first section, the other end of the second section is tapered, and a spiral slice is provided inside the second section; The third section has one end connected to the second section, the other end of the third section is tapered, and a nail-shaped slice is provided inside the third section.

5. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are three unit pools, namely an anoxic pool, a first aerobic pool and a second aerobic pool, and the anoxic pool is connected to the deoxidation zone.

6. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: A bottom flow hole is provided between the deoxidation zone and the anoxic pool, and a filter screen is provided in the bottom flow hole.

7. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the first aerobic tank is provided with a top flow hole and a water distribution trough. The top flow hole is communicated with the anoxic tank. The lower end of the water distribution trough is provided with a drainage pipe extending close to the bottom of the first aerobic tank.

8. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water outlet trough and a drain pipe are provided at the top of the second aerobic tank away from the first aerobic tank.

9. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific gravity of the lightweight polymer filter material is less than that of water.

10. The high-efficiency biological fluidized bed reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: Nitrogen is introduced into the anoxic tank, and air is introduced into the first aerobic tank and the second aerobic tank.

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