Anchor cable avoiding device of roadway end support

Abstract

The utility model relates to an anchor cable avoiding device of a roadway end support. The anchor cable avoiding device comprises a top beam, two sliding beams, at least four hydraulic cylinders, a guide shaft and a top beam sleeve. Two sliding beams are arranged on the upper surface of the top beam in a sliding mode, at least two connecting holes are formed in each sliding beam, strip-shaped guide holes extending in the width direction of the top beam are formed in the positions, corresponding to the connecting holes, of the top beam, a top beam sleeve is welded to the area, corresponding to the strip-shaped guide holes, of the bottom of the top beam, and a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the top beam sleeve. One end of the guide shaft is provided with an axial limiting piece, the other end of the guide shaft sequentially penetrates through the connecting hole and the strip-shaped guide hole and then is hinged to the tail end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder can drive the sliding beam to move in the width direction of the top beam through the guide shaft. According to the anchor cable avoiding device, due to the fact that the sliding beams are symmetrically arranged left and right along the support top beam, the contact area of the sliding beams and the roadway top plate is increased, the roadway top plate is effectively protected, and meanwhile the supporting efficiency of the support is fully exerted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine hydraulic support accessories, in particular to an anchor cable avoidance device for a tunnel end support. Background Art

[0002] The existing avoidance anchor cable device for a tunnel end support includes a fixed beam, a sliding beam, a raised structure, an avoidance groove, and a hydraulic cylinder. The fixed beam is fixedly mounted to the hydraulic support top beam via a fixing pin. A guide rail extending along the length of the hydraulic support top beam is mounted on the upper surface of the fixed beam. A slide seat is provided at the bottom of the sliding beam, capable of sliding along the guide rail. At least two raised structures are provided on the upper surface of the sliding beam, with avoidance grooves formed between adjacent raised structures. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the fixed beam, and the other end is connected to the sliding beam. The guide rail guides and adjusts the position of the avoidance groove to prevent the hydraulic support from directly contacting the tunnel anchor rods or anchor cables. The distance between the two raised structures is an integer multiple of the spacing between the anchor rods or anchor cables. The stroke of the piston rod driving the hydraulic cylinder is no less than 1 / 2 of the spacing between the anchor rods or anchor cables. After the hydraulic support is moved into position during the coal mining process at the working face, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is driven to position the anchor rods and anchor cables precisely within the avoidance groove, thereby protecting the tunnel anchor rods and anchor cables.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN109098740A discloses an anchor rod and cable protection mechanism for a hydraulic support for tunnel support, comprising a fixed beam mounted on the top beam of the hydraulic support, a sliding beam driven by a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the fixed beam, and the sliding beam and the fixed beam being slidably connected via a guide rail. The upper surface of the sliding beam is provided with at least two raised structures that contact the tunnel roof, with avoidance grooves matching the anchor rods or cables formed between adjacent raised structures. A fixing pin matching the mounting hole of the hydraulic support top beam is welded to the lower surface of the fixed beam. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the sliding beam, and the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the fixed beam.

[0004] The defects and deficiencies of the existing tunnel end bracket's avoidance anchor device are as follows: (1) The spacing between the two raised structures is limited, resulting in an excessively small contact area with the tunnel roof, causing stress concentration in the contact area and subsequently damaging the tunnel roof. On the other hand, the small contact area between the raised structure and the roof greatly reduces the support performance of the bracket, and it cannot effectively support the tunnel roof within the range of the bracket's top beam. (2) The sliding beam moves forward and backward along the guide rail as driven by the hydraulic cylinder, and there are no limiting components on the front and rear sides of the guide rail. When the tunnel roof is subjected to axial force, the sliding beam is likely to derail and is very likely to damage the hydraulic cylinder, resulting in frequent replacement of the hydraulic cylinder and connecting parts, etc., increasing the probability of maintenance. (3) The fixed beam is fixed only by multiple fixing pins, which has low strength. When the tunnel bracket is subjected to lateral stress from the tunnel roof, the fixing pins can easily be sheared and damaged, thereby causing the device to lose its function of avoiding the anchor rod / anchor cable.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a tunnel end bracket avoidance anchor device with a large contact area with the tunnel roof and good support performance. Utility Model Content

[0006] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides an avoidance anchor cable device for a tunnel end bracket, which solves the technical problem that the contact area between the existing avoidance anchor cable device and the tunnel roof is too small, resulting in poor support performance.

[0008] (2) Technical solution

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0010] The embodiment of the utility model provides an avoidance anchor cable device for a tunnel end support, comprising a top beam, two sliding beams, at least four hydraulic cylinders, a guide shaft and a top beam sleeve;

[0011] Two sliding beams are slidably arranged on the upper surface of the top beam, and each sliding beam is provided with at least two connecting holes. A strip guide hole extending in the width direction of the top beam is provided at the top beam corresponding to each connecting hole. A top beam sleeve is welded to the area where the strip guide hole is located at the bottom of the top beam. A hydraulic cylinder is installed in the top beam sleeve. An axial limit piece is provided at one end of the guide shaft, and the other end of the guide shaft passes through the connecting hole and the strip guide hole in sequence and is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder can drive the sliding beam to move along the width direction of the top beam through the guide shaft.

[0012] The front and rear edges of the bottom of the two sliding beams are provided with extended plates, and the upper surface of the top beam is provided with limit blocks on the front and rear sides of the sliding beam. The side of the limit block facing the sliding beam is provided with a guide groove extending along the width direction of the top beam, and the extended plates are slidably set in the guide groove.

[0013] Optionally, a positioning sleeve is provided in the connection hole on the top beam, and the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve is lower than the upper surface of the top beam, thereby forming a step;

[0014] The axial limiting piece at the end of the guide shaft is a first shaft cap with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve. The guide shaft is inserted into the positioning sleeve, and the first shaft cap abuts against the step up and down.

[0015] Optionally, a hinge groove is formed at one end of the guide shaft away from the first shaft cap, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends into the hinge groove and is hinged to the guide shaft through the first pin shaft.

[0016] Optionally, a second shaft cap is provided at one end of the first pin shaft, and a first plug hole is opened at the other end of the first pin shaft. A D-shaped pin is inserted into the first plug hole, and the D-shaped pin is located outside the hinge groove and abuts against the outer side surface of the hinge groove.

[0017] Optionally, the main body of the hydraulic cylinder and the top beam sleeve are hinged via a second pin shaft.

[0018] Optionally, the anchor cable avoidance device further includes a U-shaped card;

[0019] A third shaft cap is provided at the end of the second pin shaft, and an annular plug-in groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the third shaft cap. A pin seat for accommodating the third shaft cap is provided on the outer side surface of the top beam sleeve corresponding to the installation area of the second pin shaft, and two second plug-in holes are also provided on the pin seat. The two ends of the U-shaped card pass through the two second plug-in holes one by one and are plugged into the plug-in groove on the third shaft cap, thereby limiting the axial movement of the second pin shaft.

[0020] (3) Beneficial effects

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the anchor cable avoidance device of the tunnel end bracket of the utility model comprises a top beam, two sliding beams, at least four hydraulic cylinders, a guide shaft and a top beam sleeve; two sliding beams are slidingly arranged on the upper surface of the top beam, and each sliding beam is provided with at least two connecting holes, and the top beam is provided with a strip guide hole extending along the width direction of the top beam corresponding to each connecting hole, and a top beam sleeve is welded with the area where the bottom of the top beam is located corresponding to the strip guide hole, and a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the top beam sleeve, and an axial limit piece is provided at one end of the guide shaft, and the other end of the guide shaft passes through the connecting hole and the strip guide hole in sequence and is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder can drive the sliding beam to move along the width direction of the top beam through the guide shaft. Compared with the existing technology, it can drive the guide shaft through the hydraulic cylinder, and the guide shaft indirectly drives the sliding beam, and then adjusts the spacing between the two sliding beams, which can effectively avoid various complexly arranged anchor cables in the tunnel. The sliding beams are arranged symmetrically along the support's top beam, increasing the contact area with the tunnel roof, effectively protecting it while maximizing the support's efficiency. The hydraulic cylinders are built into the lower portion of the top beam, protecting them from damage from falling waste rock.

[0022] The avoidance anchor cable device of the present invention adopts a pin, D-pin, and U-shaped card fixed connection method. On the one hand, its disassembly and assembly are simple, convenient, and easy to maintain; on the other hand, various connecting parts in the device are connected by pins, and a certain amount of shaft-hole matching clearance is left, which has the characteristics of high strength. When the device is subjected to axial and directional forces of the tunnel during use, the shaft-hole clearance can be effectively alleviated, avoiding frequent damage to the connecting parts.

[0023] The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end bracket of the present invention has a limit block provided on the upper part of the top beam. The limit block is used to prevent the sliding beam from sliding out of the top beam and can also serve as a guide for the sliding beam. During use, it can effectively reduce the axial force of the tunnel roof and avoid frequent damage to various connecting parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end bracket of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the top beam of the avoidance anchor cable device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sliding beam, guide shaft and hydraulic cylinder of the anchor cable avoidance device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sliding beam, guide shaft and hydraulic cylinder of the anchor cable avoidance device of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the sliding beam, guide shaft and hydraulic cylinder at position C;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end bracket of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor device at the top beam sleeve, wherein a hydraulic cylinder is installed in the top beam sleeve;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor cable device at the top beam sleeve, wherein the top beam sleeve is not equipped with a hydraulic cylinder;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a side view schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end bracket of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor device at point A;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of the avoidance anchor device at point B.

[0035] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0036] 1: top beam; 6: avoidance groove; 7: hydraulic cylinder; 8: sliding beam; 9: guide shaft; 10: strip guide hole; 11: first pin shaft; 12: D-type pin; 13: top beam sleeve; 14: pin seat; 15: second pin shaft; 16: U-shaped clip; 17: limit block; 18: extension plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. Figure 2 The orientation is referenced.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides an avoidance anchor cable device for a tunnel end support, including a top beam 1, two sliding beams 8, at least four hydraulic cylinders 7, a guide shaft 9 and a top beam sleeve 13.

[0039] Two sliding beams 8 are slidingly set on the upper surface of the top beam 1, and an avoidance groove 6 is formed between the two sliding beams 8. Each sliding beam 8 is provided with at least two connecting holes. The top beam 1 is provided with a strip guide hole 10 extending along the width direction of the top beam 1 corresponding to each connecting hole. A top beam sleeve 13 is welded at the bottom of the top beam 1 in the area where the strip guide hole 10 is located. A hydraulic cylinder 7 is installed in the top beam sleeve 13. An axial limit piece is provided at one end of the guide shaft 9. The other end of the guide shaft 9 passes through the connecting hole and the strip guide hole 10 in sequence and is hinged to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7. The hydraulic cylinder 7 can drive the sliding beam 8 to move along the width direction of the top beam 1 through the guide shaft 9 to adjust the width of the avoidance groove 6.

[0040] The anchor cable avoidance device for the tunnel end support of this embodiment is mainly composed of a top beam 1, a sliding beam 8, a guide shaft 9 and a hydraulic cylinder 7. The device relies on the hydraulic cylinder 7 to drive the guide shaft 9, which indirectly drives the sliding beam 8, and then adjusts the distance between the two sliding beams 8. This can effectively avoid various complex anchor cable arrangements in the tunnel. The sliding beams 8 are arranged symmetrically along the top beam 1 of the support, increasing the contact area with the tunnel roof. This effectively protects the tunnel roof while fully utilizing the support's support efficiency. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is built into the beam body of the top beam 1, which is beneficial to the protection of the hydraulic cylinder 7.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the process of using the anchor cable avoidance device of the tunnel end bracket of this embodiment underground, the anchor cable in the tunnel is located between the two sliding beams 8. The single-sided sliding beam 8 can drive the front and rear two guide shafts 9 assembled inside it to move by the hydraulic cylinder 7, or drive the four guide shafts 9 by four hydraulic cylinders 7, so that the two sliding beams 8 are moved closer or farther away along the strip guide hole 1 on the top beam 1, and then adjust the width of the avoidance groove 6 between the two sliding beams 8 to achieve the effect of avoiding the anchor cable.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, a positioning sleeve is provided in the connecting hole on the top beam 1, and the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve is lower than the upper surface of the top beam 1, thereby forming a step; the axial limiter at the end of the guide shaft 9 is a first shaft cap with a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve, and the guide shaft 9 is passed through the positioning sleeve, and the first shaft cap abuts against the step up and down.

[0043] It should be noted that when the guide shaft 9 is assembled in the positioning sleeve, the first shaft cap ensures that the guide shaft 9 will not fall completely. At the same time, when the first shaft cap abuts the step, there is still a margin of space at the step, thereby ensuring that the first shaft cap will not bulge at this position, thereby ensuring that the avoidance anchor device of this embodiment will not be affected by the tunnel roof during use.

[0044] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, a hinge groove is formed at one end of the guide shaft 9 away from the first shaft cap. After the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 extends into the hinge groove, it is hinged to the guide shaft 9 through the first pin 11.

[0045] Furthermore, a second shaft cap is provided at one end of the first pin shaft 11, and a first insertion hole is defined at the other end of the first pin shaft 11. A D-shaped pin 12 is inserted into the first insertion hole. The D-shaped pin 12 is located outside the hinge groove and abuts against the outer side surface of the hinge groove. The second shaft cap and D-shaped pin 12 serve to limit the axial movement of the first pin shaft 11, thereby preventing the first pin shaft 11 from falling off the guide shaft 9.

[0046] Combine Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the main body of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the top beam sleeve 13 of this embodiment are hinged via a second pin shaft 15 .

[0047] Furthermore, the anchor avoidance device of this embodiment includes a U-shaped card 16, a third shaft cap is provided at the end of the second pin shaft 15, an annular plug-in groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the third shaft cap, and a pin seat 14 for accommodating the third shaft cap is provided on the outer side surface of the top beam sleeve 13 corresponding to the installation area of the second pin shaft 15, and two second plug-in holes are also provided on the pin seat 14. The two ends of the U-shaped card 16 pass through the two second plug-in holes one by one and are plugged into the plug-in groove on the third shaft cap, thereby limiting the axial movement of the second pin shaft 15.

[0048] It should be noted that when the two ends of the U-shaped card 16 are plugged into the insertion groove on the third shaft cap, the two ends of the U-shaped card 16 abut against the left and right inner wall surfaces of the insertion groove on the third shaft cap, thereby limiting the axial movement of the second pin shaft 15.

[0049] The advantage of the avoidance anchor cable device of this embodiment is that, due to its fixed connection method using a pin, D-shaped pin 12, and U-shaped clip 16, it is relatively simple to assemble and disassemble, and is easy to maintain. Finally, all connecting parts in the device are connected by pins, and a certain amount of shaft-hole clearance is left, which provides high strength and easy disassembly. When the device is subjected to axial and directional forces in the roadway during use, the shaft-hole clearance can be effectively alleviated.

[0050] Combine Figure 2 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the front and rear edges of the bottom of the two sliding beams 8 are provided with an extension plate 18, and the upper surface of the top beam 1 is provided with a limit block 17 on the front and rear sides of the sliding beam 8. The limit block 17 is provided with a guide groove extending along the width direction of the top beam 1 on the side facing the sliding beam 8, and the extension plate 18 is slidably set in the guide groove.

[0051] The avoidance anchor cable device of this embodiment has a limiting block 17 welded on the upper part of the top beam 1. The limiting block 17 is used to prevent the sliding beam 8 from sliding out of the top beam 1, and can also serve as a guide for the sliding beam 8. During use, it can effectively reduce the axial force of the tunnel roof and avoid frequent damage to various connecting parts.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0053] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is “above” or “below” a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when a first feature is “above,” “above,” or “above” a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below,” “below,” or “below” a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An avoidance anchor cable device for a tunnel end bracket, characterized in that: It comprises a top beam (1), two sliding beams (8), at least four hydraulic cylinders (7), a guide shaft (9) and a top beam sleeve (13); Two sliding beams (8) are slidingly arranged on the upper surface of the top beam (1), and each sliding beam (8) is provided with at least two connecting holes. A strip guide hole (10) extending along the width direction of the top beam (1) is provided at the top beam (1) corresponding to each connecting hole. A top beam sleeve (13) is welded to the bottom of the top beam (1) in the area where the strip guide hole (10) is located. A hydraulic cylinder (7) is installed in the top beam sleeve (13). An axial limit piece is provided at one end of the guide shaft (9), and the other end of the guide shaft (9) passes through the connecting hole and the strip guide hole (10) in sequence and is hinged to the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (7). The hydraulic cylinder (7) can drive the sliding beam (8) to move along the width direction of the top beam (1) through the guide shaft (9); Extension plates (18) are provided at the front and rear edges of the bottoms of the two sliding beams (8); limiting blocks (17) are provided on the upper surface of the top beam (1) at the front and rear sides of the sliding beam (8); a guide groove extending along the width direction of the top beam (1) is provided on the side of the limiting block (17) facing the sliding beam (8); and the extension plates (18) are slidably arranged in the guide groove.

2. The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end support according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning sleeve is provided in the connection hole on the top beam (1), and the upper end surface of the positioning sleeve is lower than the upper surface of the top beam (1), thereby forming a step; The axial limiting piece at the end of the guide shaft (9) is a first shaft cap having a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the positioning sleeve. The guide shaft (9) is inserted into the positioning sleeve, and the first shaft cap abuts against the step in the upper and lower directions.

3. The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end support according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hinge groove is provided at one end of the guide shaft (9) away from the first shaft cap, and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder (7) extends into the hinge groove and is hinged to the guide shaft (9) through the first pin shaft (11).

4. The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end support according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second shaft cap is provided at one end of the first pin shaft (11), and a first plug hole is provided at the other end of the first pin shaft (11). A D-shaped pin (12) is inserted into the first plug hole, and the D-shaped pin (12) is located outside the hinge groove and abuts against the outer side surface of the hinge groove.

5. The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the hydraulic cylinder (7) and the top beam sleeve (13) are hinged via a second pin shaft (15).

6. The avoidance anchor cable device of the tunnel end support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anchor cable avoidance device further comprises a U-shaped card (16); The end of the second pin shaft (15) is provided with a third shaft cap, and the circumferential surface of the third shaft cap is provided with an annular plug-in groove. The outer side surface of the top beam sleeve (13) is provided with a pin seat (14) for accommodating the third shaft cap in the installation area corresponding to the second pin shaft (15). The pin seat (14) is also provided with two second plug-in holes. The two ends of the U-shaped card (16) pass through the two second plug-in holes in a one-to-one correspondence and are plugged into the plug-in groove on the third shaft cap, thereby limiting the axial movement of the second pin shaft (15).

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