Tail gas utilization system based on hydrogen internal combustion engine

Abstract

The tail gas utilization system based on the hydrogen internal combustion engine comprises the hydrogen internal combustion engine, a tail gas exhaust port of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is connected with a first inlet of a heat exchange module, and a heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module is connected with a heat exchange medium inlet of a solid hydrogen storage module. A heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module is connected with a second inlet of the heat exchange module; a solid hydrogen storage material is placed in the solid hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen discharge port of the solid hydrogen storage module is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank, and a hydrogen discharge port of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine; hydrogen in the hydrogen internal combustion engine combusts to generate high-temperature tail gas, and heat contained in the high-temperature tail gas is transmitted to the solid hydrogen storage module through the heat exchange module, so that a solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage module is heated, and then the solid hydrogen storage material releases hydrogen. Heat generated by combustion of hydrogen in the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be recycled, so that the energy utilization rate of the system is increased, energy consumption is reduced, and resource waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to an exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0002] With the dramatic increase in global energy demand, greenhouse gas emissions and global climate change are becoming increasingly serious. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen energy has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no pollution products generated during use, and abundant hydrogen reserves. Therefore, hydrogen energy is considered to be the clean energy with the greatest development potential in the 21st century. The various applications of hydrogen energy inevitably involve the issue of hydrogen storage. The mainstream hydrogen storage methods include: high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, and metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage. Among them, metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage has the advantages of high volume storage density, low storage pressure, and good safety, making it a very promising hydrogen storage technology.

[0003] Among related technologies, the application of metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage technology covers multiple fields, including but not limited to energy storage, transportation, clean energy conversion, etc.; hydrogen storage technology provides clean and efficient energy solutions for various application scenarios by storing and transporting hydrogen safely and effectively.

[0004] However, in the process of achieving clean energy conversion based on metal hydride solid-state hydrogen storage technology, hydrogen fuel cell power generation systems are typically used to generate electricity through an electrochemical reaction with oxygen, thereby converting chemical energy into electrical energy. Because metal hydrides require a high level of heat to release hydrogen, the energy conversion process based on hydrogen fuel cells requires an additional heat source to provide energy for the metal hydride dehydrogenation, which increases energy consumption and results in resource waste. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing production technology, the applicant provides an exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine, which can recycle the heat generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine, thereby improving the system energy utilization rate, reducing energy consumption, and avoiding resource waste.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted in this utility model are as follows:

[0007] A tail gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine, comprising a hydrogen internal combustion engine, wherein the tail gas outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is connected to a first inlet of a heat exchange module, the heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module is connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of a solid hydrogen storage module, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module is connected to a second inlet of the heat exchange module;

[0008] Solid-state hydrogen storage material is placed inside the solid-state hydrogen storage module, a hydrogen discharge port of the solid-state hydrogen storage module is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen buffer tank, and the hydrogen discharge port of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen internal combustion engine;

[0009] The combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine generates high-temperature exhaust gas, and the heat contained in the high-temperature exhaust gas is transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the heat exchange module, thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module, and then causing the solid-state hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0011] The hydrogen inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module is equipped with a hydrogen filling tube group, and hydrogen is introduced into the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the hydrogen filling tube group.

[0012] The hydrogen filling tube group is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank through the connecting tube group.

[0013] The hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank through a first hydrogen transmission pipe group.

[0014] The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine through a second hydrogen transmission pipe group.

[0015] The heat exchange module adopts a direct heat exchange unit or an indirect heat exchange unit.

[0016] The direct heat exchange unit includes a first gas pipe group and a second gas pipe group, the first gas pipe group is used to connect the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine and the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid hydrogen storage module, and the second gas pipe group is equipped with the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module;

[0017] The high-temperature tail gas enters the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the first gas pipeline group for direct heat exchange, and the high-temperature tail gas after heat exchange is discharged through the second gas pipeline group.

[0018] The indirect heat exchange unit includes a first heat exchanger, wherein a first inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to an exhaust gas outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine through an air inlet pipe group, an exhaust pipe group is provided at a first outlet of the first heat exchanger, a second inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a first liquid discharge port of a first liquid tank through a first pipe group, a second outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a heat exchange medium inlet of a solid-state hydrogen storage module through a second pipe group, and a first liquid inlet of the first liquid tank is connected to a heat exchange medium outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module through a third pipe group;

[0019] The first liquid tank contains heat-conducting liquid, which enters the first heat exchanger through the first tube group. The high-temperature exhaust gas enters the first heat exchanger through the intake tube group to exchange heat with the heat-conducting liquid. The heat-conducting liquid that has undergone heat exchange enters the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the second tube group, thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module.

[0020] The second liquid discharge port of the first liquid tank is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger through the fourth tube group, the second liquid inlet of the first liquid tank is connected to the first outlet of the second heat exchanger through the fifth tube group, the second inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the liquid discharge port of the second liquid tank through the sixth tube group, and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the liquid inlet of the second liquid tank through the seventh tube group;

[0021] The heat transfer fluid in the solid hydrogen storage module enters the second heat exchanger through the third tube group. The second liquid tank contains coolant, which enters the second heat exchanger through the sixth tube group, thereby exchanging heat with the heat transfer fluid in the second heat exchanger.

[0022] The first tube group and the second tube group are connected via a connecting branch pipe, and the connecting branch pipe is equipped with a third valve;

[0023] When the third valve is opened, the heat transfer oil in the first liquid tank is heated by the second heat exchanger, and then flows into the solid-state hydrogen storage module through the first tube group, the connecting branch pipe, and the second tube group in sequence, thereby cooling the solid-state hydrogen storage module, and allowing the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module to quickly release hydrogen.

[0024] The output end of the hydrogen internal combustion engine is connected to the power system of the hydrogen vehicle, and when the hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine burns, the hydrogen vehicle is driven to travel.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0026] The utility model has a compact and reasonable structure and is easy to operate. By arranging a hydrogen internal combustion engine and a solid-state hydrogen storage module, the heat generated by the combustion of hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine can be recovered and utilized, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the system, reducing energy consumption, and avoiding waste of resources; the heat energy generated during the power generation process of the system can be used for the solid-state hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen, and the released hydrogen can be used by the hydrogen internal combustion engine to drive the hydrogen vehicle power system, thereby realizing system circulation, high energy utilization rate, and realizing multi-functional and multi-scenario applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of Example 1 of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of Example 2 of the present utility model.

[0030] Among them: 1. Hydrogen internal combustion engine; 2. Heat exchange module; 3. Solid-state hydrogen storage module; 4. One-way valve; 5. First hydrogen transmission pipe group; 6. Second hydrogen transmission pipe group; 7. Power system; 8. Hydrogen charging pipe group; 9. Connecting pipe group; 10. Safety valve; 11. Hydrogen buffer tank;

[0031] 21. Direct heat exchange unit; 22. Indirect heat exchange unit;

[0032] 210, first exhaust gas treatment device; 211, first gas pipeline group; 212, second gas pipeline group;

[0033] 220. Intake pipe group; 221. First heat exchanger; 222. Second heat exchanger; 223. Exhaust pipe group; 224. First pipe group; 225. Second pipe group; 226. Connecting branch pipe; 227. Third pipe group; 228. First liquid tank; 229. Second liquid tank; 230. Fourth pipe group; 231. Fifth pipe group; 232. Sixth pipe group; 233. Seventh pipe group; 234. Second exhaust gas treatment device; 235. Drive pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The structure and functions of this utility model are as follows:

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a tail gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine includes a hydrogen internal combustion engine 1, the tail gas outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchange module 2, the heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchange module 2; solid-state hydrogen storage material is placed inside the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3, the hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 11, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 11 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1; hydrogen combustion inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 generates high-temperature tail gas, and the heat contained in the high-temperature tail gas is transmitted to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the heat exchange module 2, thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3, and then causing the solid-state hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen.

[0037] The tail gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine of the present invention comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine 1, a heat exchange module 2, a solid hydrogen storage module 3, and a hydrogen buffer tank 11; wherein,

[0038] The hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 uses hydrogen as input and produces work through the combustion of hydrogen inside it, thereby converting internal energy into mechanical energy and outputting it to the power system of the hydrogen vehicle. When the hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 burns, a large amount of heat is generated. The high-temperature exhaust gas carries part of this heat and transfers it to the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the heat exchange module 2.

[0039] The hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 introduces external air into the interior thereof through a valve train. The valve train is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The heat exchange module 2 is used for heat transfer. At least one heat exchange medium flows inside the heat exchange module 2, and the heat of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is transferred to the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the heat exchange medium.

[0041] The heat exchange module 2 adopts a direct heat exchange unit 21 or an indirect heat exchange unit 22; a heat exchange medium, namely high-temperature exhaust gas, flows inside the direct heat exchange unit 21, which directly transports the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 to the solid hydrogen storage module 3 to heat the solid hydrogen storage material therein;

[0042] There are two heat exchange media flowing inside the indirect heat exchange unit 22, namely high-temperature exhaust gas and heat transfer liquid. It first performs heat exchange on the high-temperature exhaust gas and the heat transfer liquid, and heats the heat transfer liquid by the high-temperature exhaust gas. Then, the heat transfer liquid and the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 perform secondary heat exchange, and the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 is heated by the heated heat transfer liquid.

[0043] The structure of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 includes a storage tank with solid-state hydrogen storage material placed inside, and a heat exchange tube for transmitting a heat exchange medium. The heat exchange tube is mounted on the outside or inside of the storage tank, and an insulation layer is also provided on the outside of the storage tank for heat preservation.

[0044] In the utility model, the solid-state hydrogen storage material adopts magnesium-based hydrogen storage material.

[0045] The hydrogen inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 is equipped with a hydrogen charging pipe group 8, through which hydrogen is introduced into the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3. The hydrogen charging pipe group 8 is equipped with a one-way valve 4 and a valve component for controlling its on and off. External hydrogen is introduced into the storage tank of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the hydrogen charging pipe group 8 and is stored in the solid-state hydrogen storage material;

[0046] In addition, if Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the hydrogen filling pipe group 8 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 11 through the connecting pipe group 9. The connecting pipe group 9 is equipped with a safety valve 10 to prevent the pressure in the hydrogen buffer tank 11 from being too high.

[0047] The hydrogen buffer tank 11 is used to store a certain amount of gaseous hydrogen to ensure continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0048] The hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 11 through the first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5, and the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank 11 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through the second hydrogen transmission pipe group 6;

[0049] The high-temperature exhaust gas causes the internal temperature of the storage tank in the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 to reach the hydrogen release temperature of the solid-state hydrogen storage material (about 280°C), thereby causing the solid-state hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen. The released hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank 11 through the first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5 for temporary storage. The hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 11 is transported to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through the second hydrogen transmission pipe group 6. The first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5 is also equipped with a one-way valve 4 and a valve component.

[0050] The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine of the present invention can be carried on a hydrogen vehicle or a hydrogen-powered ship. The output end of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the power system 7 of the hydrogen vehicle or ship. When the hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 burns, it drives the corresponding hydrogen vehicle or ship to travel, thereby realizing the traction function of the hydrogen vehicle or ship.

[0051] The following is the specific embodiment section.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, when the heat exchange module 2 adopts a direct heat exchange unit 21, the specific structure and function of the present invention are as follows:

[0054] The direct heat exchange unit 21 includes a first gas pipe group 211 and a second gas pipe group 212. The first gas pipe group 211 is used to connect the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 and the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid hydrogen storage module 3. The second gas pipe group 212 is installed at the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module 3. The high-temperature exhaust gas enters the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the first gas pipe group 211 for direct heat exchange. The high-temperature exhaust gas after heat exchange is discharged through the second gas pipe group 212.

[0055] The second gas transmission pipe group 212 is equipped with a first exhaust gas treatment device 210;

[0056] At this time, the air inlet of the first air pipe group 211 corresponds to the first inlet of the heat exchange module 2, the exhaust port of the first air pipe group 211 corresponds to the heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module 2, and the air inlet of the second air pipe group 212 corresponds to the second inlet of the heat exchange module 2.

[0057] The working process of the tail gas utilization system based on the hydrogen internal combustion engine of this embodiment is as follows:

[0058] First, hydrogen is delivered to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through the hydrogen buffer tank 11. The hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 burns to produce high-temperature exhaust gas with a temperature of 400°C-600°C.

[0059] Subsequently, the high-temperature exhaust gas enters the heat exchange tube of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the first gas transmission pipe group 211, and obtains low-temperature exhaust gas through heat exchange. The temperature of the low-temperature exhaust gas is 280°C-300°C, thereby causing the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the storage tank of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 to release hydrogen. The released hydrogen enters the hydrogen buffer tank 11 through the first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5 for temporary storage.

[0060] When the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 needs hydrogen input, the seventh valve 5 on the first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5 is opened, so that the hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 11 is transported to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1;

[0061] Finally, the low-temperature exhaust gas passes through the first exhaust gas treatment device 312 to remove nitrogen oxides and is then discharged into the atmosphere.

[0062] Example 2:

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, when the heat exchange module 2 adopts the indirect heat exchange unit 22, the specific structure and function of the present invention are as follows:

[0064] The indirect heat exchange unit 22 includes a first heat exchanger 221, a first inlet of the first heat exchanger 221 is connected to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through an air intake pipe group 220, and an exhaust pipe group 223 is provided at the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 221. The second inlet of the first heat exchanger 221 is connected to the first drain port of the first liquid tank 228 through a first pipe group 224, and the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 221 is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through a second pipe group 225. The first liquid inlet of the first liquid tank 228 is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through a third pipe group 227; at this time, the air inlet of the air intake pipe group 220 corresponds to the first inlet of the heat exchange module 2, the drain port of the second pipe group 225 corresponds to the heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module 2, and the liquid inlet of the third tank group 227 corresponds to the second inlet of the heat exchange module 2;

[0065] The first liquid tank 228 contains heat-conducting liquid, which enters the first heat exchanger 221 through the first tube group 224. The high-temperature exhaust gas enters the first heat exchanger 221 through the intake pipe group 220 to exchange heat with the heat-conducting liquid. The heat-conducting liquid that has undergone heat exchange enters the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the second tube group 225, thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3.

[0066] In addition, the indirect heat exchange unit 22 is also equipped with a cooling assembly, including: a second heat exchanger 222; wherein,

[0067] The second liquid discharge port of the first liquid tank 228 is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 222 via the fourth tube group 230. The second liquid inlet of the first liquid tank 228 is connected to the first outlet of the second heat exchanger 222 via the fifth tube group 231. The second inlet of the second heat exchanger 222 is connected to the liquid discharge port of the second liquid tank 229 via the sixth tube group 232. The second outlet of the second heat exchanger 222 is connected to the liquid inlet of the second liquid tank 229 via the seventh tube group 233.

[0068] The heat transfer liquid in the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 enters the second heat exchanger 222 through the third tube group 227. The second liquid tank 229 contains coolant, which enters the second heat exchanger 222 through the sixth tube group 232, thereby exchanging heat with the heat transfer liquid in the second heat exchanger 222; the first tube group 224 and the second tube group 225 are connected through the connecting branch 226, and the connecting branch 226 is equipped with a third valve; when the third valve is opened, the heat transfer oil in the first liquid tank 228 is heat-exchanged in the second heat exchanger 222, and then flows into the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 through the first tube group 224, the connecting branch 226, and the second tube group 225 in sequence, thereby cooling the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3, and then allowing the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 to quickly release hydrogen.

[0069] In addition, the second tube group 225 is equipped with a driving pump 235 for driving the internal heat transfer fluid to circulate;

[0070] The tube groups of this embodiment are equipped with valve assemblies, which include a first valve mounted on the first tube group 224, a second valve mounted on the second tube group 225, a third valve mounted on the connecting branch 226, a fourth valve mounted on the fourth tube group 230, and a fifth valve mounted on the fifth tube group 231.

[0071] The working process of the tail gas utilization system based on the hydrogen internal combustion engine of this embodiment is as follows:

[0072] Including hydrogen charging process and hydrogen discharging process;

[0073] The hydrogen filling process refers to the process of replenishing hydrogen for the exhaust gas utilization system based on the hydrogen internal combustion engine of the present invention through an external hydrogenation device (such as a fixed hydrogenation station), and allowing the solid hydrogen storage material inside the solid hydrogen storage module 3 to absorb hydrogen quickly and stably. The fixed hydrogenation station in this embodiment adopts a high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage method;

[0074] The hydrogen release process refers to the solid-state hydrogen storage material inside the solid-state hydrogen storage module 3 releasing hydrogen and supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1;

[0075] The hydrogen charging process includes the following steps:

[0076] First, connect the other liquid inlet of the second liquid tank 229 to a liquid outlet of the cooling system of the fixed hydrogen refueling station, and connect the other liquid outlet of the second liquid tank 229 to a liquid inlet of the cooling system of the fixed hydrogen refueling station;

[0077] Subsequently, the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is started, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 is burned to generate high-temperature exhaust gas (temperature is 400° C.-600° C.). The high-temperature exhaust gas is heat-exchanged in the first heat exchanger 221 , thereby heating the heat transfer fluid in the first heat exchanger 221 .

[0078] The heated heat transfer fluid enters the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the second tube group 225 under the action of the driving pump 235, so that the temperature inside the solid hydrogen storage module 3 reaches the hydrogen charging temperature (280°C-320°C), and then the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 stops;

[0079] Then, the fixed hydrogen filling station fills hydrogen into the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the hydrogen filling pipe group 8. At this time, the solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage module 3 absorbs hydrogen and releases heat;

[0080] The first valve is closed, the second valve is closed, the third valve is opened, the fourth valve is opened, and the fifth valve is opened, so that the heat transfer fluid in the solid hydrogen storage module 3 flows into the second heat exchanger 222, and then the heat transfer fluid in the second heat exchanger 222 is cooled by the cooling system of the fixed hydrogen refueling station;

[0081] The cooled heat transfer liquid flows back to the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the first tube group 224, the connecting branch 226, and the second tube group 225 under the action of the driving pump 235, so that the temperature inside the solid hydrogen storage module 3 is stably maintained at the hydrogen charging temperature.

[0082] The hydrogen release process includes the following steps:

[0083] First, the hydrogen buffer tank 11 provides the hydrogen required for normal operation to the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through the second hydrogen transmission pipe group 6. The hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 starts and generates high-temperature exhaust gas.

[0084] Subsequently, the high-temperature exhaust gas enters the first heat exchanger 221 through the intake pipe group 220 for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the second exhaust gas treatment device 234 for nitrogen oxide removal treatment and is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust pipe group 223.

[0085] After heat exchange, the heat transfer fluid in the first heat exchanger 221 enters the solid hydrogen storage module 3 through the second tube group 225, thereby heating the solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage module 3 to the hydrogen release temperature (300°C-360°C), causing it to release hydrogen;

[0086] The hydrogen released from the solid hydrogen storage material in the solid hydrogen storage module 3 enters the hydrogen buffer tank 11 through the first hydrogen transmission pipe group 5 , and the hydrogen in the hydrogen buffer tank 11 enters the hydrogen internal combustion engine 1 through the second hydrogen transmission pipe group 6 .

[0087] The above description is an explanation of the utility model, not a limitation of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the claims. Any form of modification can be made within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. A tail gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen internal combustion engine (1), wherein the exhaust gas outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchange module (2), the heat exchange outlet of the heat exchange module (2) is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid hydrogen storage module (3), and the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module (3) is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchange module (2); A solid-state hydrogen storage material is placed inside the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3); a hydrogen discharge port of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen buffer tank (11); and the hydrogen discharge port of the hydrogen buffer tank (11) is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen internal combustion engine (1); The hydrogen combustion inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) generates high-temperature exhaust gas, and the heat contained in the high-temperature exhaust gas is transmitted to the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through the heat exchange module (2), thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3), thereby causing the solid-state hydrogen storage material to release hydrogen.

2. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) is equipped with a hydrogen filling tube group (8), and hydrogen is introduced into the interior of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through the hydrogen filling tube group (8).

3. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen filling tube group (8) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank (11) through the connecting tube group (9).

4. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen buffer tank (11) via the first hydrogen transmission pipe group (5).

5. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen buffer tank (11) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) via a second hydrogen transmission pipe group (6).

6. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange module (2) adopts a direct heat exchange unit (21) or an indirect heat exchange unit (22).

7. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The direct heat exchange unit (21) comprises a first gas pipe group (211) and a second gas pipe group (212), wherein the first gas pipe group (211) is used to connect the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) and the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid hydrogen storage module (3), and the second gas pipe group (212) is mounted on the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid hydrogen storage module (3); The high-temperature tail gas enters the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through the first gas pipeline group (211) for direct heat exchange, and the high-temperature tail gas after heat exchange is discharged through the second gas pipeline group (212).

8. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The indirect heat exchange unit (22) comprises a first heat exchanger (221), a first inlet of the first heat exchanger (221) is connected to the exhaust outlet of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) through an air intake pipe group (220), an exhaust pipe group (223) is provided at the first outlet of the first heat exchanger (221), a second inlet of the first heat exchanger (221) is connected to the first liquid discharge port of the first liquid tank (228) through a first pipe group (224), a second outlet of the first heat exchanger (221) is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through a second pipe group (225), and a first liquid inlet of the first liquid tank (228) is connected to the heat exchange medium outlet of the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through a third pipe group (227); The first liquid tank (228) contains a heat-conducting liquid, which enters the first heat exchanger (221) through the first tube group (224). The high-temperature exhaust gas enters the first heat exchanger (221) through the intake tube group (220) to exchange heat with the heat-conducting liquid. The heat-conducting liquid that has undergone heat exchange enters the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through the second tube group (225), thereby heating the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3).

9. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second liquid discharge port of the first liquid tank (228) is connected to the first inlet of the second heat exchanger (222) through the fourth tube group (230), the second liquid inlet of the first liquid tank (228) is connected to the first outlet of the second heat exchanger (222) through the fifth tube group (231), the second inlet of the second heat exchanger (222) is connected to the liquid discharge port of the second liquid tank (229) through the sixth tube group (232), and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger (222) is connected to the liquid inlet of the second liquid tank (229) through the seventh tube group (233); The heat transfer liquid in the solid hydrogen storage module (3) enters the second heat exchanger (222) through the third tube group (227); the second liquid tank (229) contains a coolant, and the coolant enters the second heat exchanger (222) through the sixth tube group (232), thereby exchanging heat with the heat transfer liquid in the second heat exchanger (222); The first tube group (224) and the second tube group (225) are connected via a connecting branch pipe (226), and a third valve is installed on the connecting branch pipe (226); When the third valve is opened, the heat transfer oil in the first liquid tank (228) exchanges heat in the second heat exchanger (222), and then flows into the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) through the first tube group (224), the connecting branch pipe (226), and the second tube group (225) in sequence, thereby cooling the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3), thereby allowing the solid-state hydrogen storage material in the solid-state hydrogen storage module (3) to quickly release hydrogen.

10. The exhaust gas utilization system based on a hydrogen internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The output end of the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the power system (7) of a hydrogen vehicle or ship, and when the hydrogen inside the hydrogen internal combustion engine (1) burns, the corresponding hydrogen vehicle or ship is driven to travel.

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