Nerve suture cannula

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical biological materials, in particular to a nerve suturing cannula which comprises two cannula sections connected with nerves in a sleeved mode, a plurality of nerve retraction preventing structures are arranged on the inner walls of the cannula sections, butt joint locking devices are arranged at the butt joint ends of the two cannula sections respectively, and the butt joint locking devices are connected with the two cannula sections. The butt joint locker is used for connecting and suturing nerves in the two sections of cannulas. And the nerve retraction prevention structure is a barb bulge which is arranged at an inclined angle. According to the suture cannula, the locking needles at the two ends and the locking holes are inserted and locked in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two sections of the cannula are connected together, and then tension-free connection suture of the two sections of nerve broken ends connected in the cannula in a sleeved mode is achieved. The technical problem that in the prior art, a surgeon needs to suture with the help of a microscope one by one, and time is wasted is solved. The structure is reasonable in design, convenient to operate and high in practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical biomaterials, and in particular relates to a nerve suture cannula. Background Art

[0002] The nervous system is the most important organ in the human body, consisting of two major parts: the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system is the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system is composed of nerve fibers that leave the brain and bone marrow, connected and wrapped by connective tissue to form nerve bundles of varying thickness, which are further wrapped by connective tissue to form (visible to the naked eye) nerve bundles. The nerve bundles that make up the peripheral nervous system are divided into sensory nerve bundles and motor nerve bundles. The sensory nerve bundles sense various stimuli, convert them into nerve excitement, and transmit them to the central nervous system; the motor nerve bundles control and regulate muscle contraction and glandular secretion. Once a nerve is damaged, the normal kinetic energy (motor function or sensory function) of the organ it controls is also affected. Normal organ function can only be fully restored when the nerve is completely repaired (that is, both the motor and sensory nerve bundles are repaired simultaneously).

[0003] Peripheral nerve injury presents a clinical challenge. For peripheral nerve transection, the proximal and distal ends of the injured nerve must be artificially reconnected, allowing regenerated axons from the proximal end to grow into the distal nerve and, along the distal nerve, into the end organ, ultimately restoring nerve function. However, some patients with peripheral nerve injury experience a long gap between the proximal and distal nerves (e.g., a nerve defect) or proximal nerve loss (e.g., brachial plexus root avulsion). Direct suturing of the proximal and distal ends of the injured nerve is difficult in these cases, making it difficult to restore nerve function. If the function of the injured nerve is critical, clinicians often consider salvage repair, using a portion of a less critical nerve as a donor to repair the damaged nerve and achieve a certain degree of function restoration. Traditional nerve suturing requires meticulous stitching, is time-consuming, and requires expertise in microsurgery. Furthermore, the epineurial suture creates significant tension at the suture site, which can sometimes lead to epineurial denudation, increased neuroma formation, and even suture failure.

[0004] Chinese patent application number 201820330275.5 discloses a nerve sleeve for nerve transposition repair and suture, comprising a small diameter section, a large diameter section, and a variable diameter section connected between the large diameter section and the small diameter section; the interior of the large diameter section has at least two linearly connected connecting channels, and the adjacent positions of any two adjacent connecting channels are connected by a gap; the inner diameter of the variable diameter section gradually decreases from one end of the connecting channel connecting the large diameter section to the end connecting the small diameter section, and the small diameter section is a circular catheter. This application can realize the simultaneous repair of two or more recipient nerves of a donor nerve by tension-free small gap sleeve suture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention aims to address the technical problems that in the existing technology, microscopic surgical suturing is used to suture nerve rupture, which is time-consuming and has high tension at the suture point during epineurial suturing, sometimes causing peeling of the epineurium at the suture point, leading to increased formation of neuromas at the suture point and even failure of nerve suturing; and to provide a technical means to simultaneously repair two or more recipient nerves with one donor nerve by performing tension-free small-gap splicing suturing using cannulas of different diameters.

[0006] Technical idea: This application provides another new type of nerve suture cannula. The main idea is to lock the two sections of the cannula in a docking manner so that the nerves sleeved in the inner cavity of the cannula are connected and sutured, and to set barbed protrusions in the cannula to increase the friction between the nerve and the cannula, preventing the nerve from retracting and disconnecting under the action of tension.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is:

[0008] A nerve suturing cannula comprises two cannula sections for connecting nerves, wherein the inner wall of the cannula is provided with a plurality of nerve retraction prevention structures, and the butted ends of the two cannula sections are each provided with a butt locker, which is used to connect and suture the nerves in the two cannula sections.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the sleeve is a tubular structure with openings at both ends, and the severed nerve is connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve through the openings on the sleeve.

[0010] Specifically, the anti-nerve retraction structure is a barbed protrusion set at an inclined angle, with the tip of the inclined barbed protrusion facing against the direction of nerve retraction. The barbed protrusion pulls the epineurium so that the two nerve ends are connected together.

[0011] Furthermore, the docking locker includes locking rings respectively arranged at the ends of the sleeves, and a plurality of locking needles and locking holes are arranged at intervals on the locking rings, and the locking needles and locking holes are respectively adapted to the locking holes and locking needles on the other locking ring.

[0012] It should be noted that the outer diameter of the locking needle is adapted to the inner diameter of the locking hole, and the locking needle is inserted into the locking hole to achieve connection and locking.

[0013] Furthermore, the docking locker also includes a hook and a slot provided on opposite side walls of the locking ring, and the hook and the slot respectively cooperate with the slot and the hook on the other locking ring wall to lock.

[0014] In detail, the hook has a certain elasticity, and the hook is pressed and buckled into the slot, so that the hook and the slot are locked.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The present invention increases the friction between the nerve and the sleeve by providing a plurality of barbed protrusions in the sleeve, thereby preventing the nerve from retracting under the action of tension. The barbed protrusions pull the epineurium of the nerve to achieve the technical effect of connecting the two nerve ends.

[0017] 2. The utility model provides locking rings at the butt ends of the two cannulae, and a plurality of locking pins and locking holes are arranged at intervals on the locking rings. The locking pins and locking holes are respectively matched with the locking holes and locking pins on the other locking ring. The connection between the two cannulae is achieved through the plug-in fit between the locking pins and the locking holes, thereby achieving the technical effect of connecting the nerves in the two cannulae.

[0018] 3. The utility model achieves the technical effect of further connecting and fixing the two sections of the sleeve by means of hooks and grooves on the opposite side walls of the locking ring, wherein the hooks and grooves respectively cooperate and lock with the grooves and hooks on the other locking ring wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the structure of the docking locker of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded structure of the casing of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combined use state of the utility model;

[0024] In the figure: 1, sleeve; 2, barbed protrusion; 3, docking locker; 31, locking ring; 32, locking needle; 33, locking hole; 34, hook; 35, slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "front end", "back end", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0027] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The inventors have found that epineurium suturing after nerve rupture requires suturing under tension-free conditions. Traditional nerve suturing requires stitch by stitch, which is time-consuming and requires a doctor with a foundation in microsurgery suturing to perform. In addition, the tension at the suture point during epineurium suturing is also relatively high, which can sometimes cause epineurium peeling at the suture point, leading to increased neuroma formation at the suture point and even failure of nerve suturing.

[0029] Based on the above findings, the present application provides a nerve suture cannula, comprising two sections of cannula 1 for connecting nerves, wherein the inner wall of the cannula 1 is provided with a plurality of anti-nerve retraction structures, and the butt-jointed ends of the two sections of cannula 1 are each provided with a butt-jointed locking device 3, and the butt-jointed locking device 3 is used to connect and suture the nerves in the two sections of cannula 1.

[0030] Example

[0031] Reference Figure 1-4As shown, the present application provides a nerve suture sleeve, comprising two sections of sleeves 1 for sleeve-jointing nerves, wherein the inner wall of the sleeve 1 is provided with a plurality of anti-nerve retraction structures, and the butt-jointed ends of the two sections of sleeve 1 are each provided with a butt-joint locker 3, and the butt-joint locker 3 is used to connect and suture the nerves in the two sections of sleeve 1.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the sleeve 1 is a hollow structure with both ends open. The inner diameter of the sleeve 1 is 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, and 5mm. The matching sleeve 1 can be selected according to the outer diameter of the nerve.

[0033] Specifically, the anti-nerve retraction structure is a barbed protrusion 2 set at an inclined angle, the tip of the inclined barbed protrusion 2 is opposite to the direction of nerve retraction, and the barbed protrusion 2 pulls the epineurium so that the two nerve ends are connected together.

[0034] It should be noted that the purpose of setting the barbed protrusions 2 is to use the tips of several barbed protrusions 2 to pull the epineurium to prevent the epineurium from shrinking due to nerve tension during suturing. In order to avoid the barbed protrusions 2 scratching the nerves, the barbed protrusions 2 are set at an inclined angle and the length is less than 1 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, the docking locker 3 includes locking rings 31 respectively arranged at the ends of the sleeve 1, and a plurality of locking needles 32 and locking holes 33 are arranged at intervals on the locking rings 31. The locking needles 32 and locking holes 33 are respectively adapted to the locking holes 33 and locking needles 32 on the other locking ring 31.

[0036] In detail, the locking needle 32 is inserted into the corresponding locking hole 33, and the locking needle 32 and the locking hole 33 are inserted and locked, so that the two cannulas 1 are connected, and further the two broken nerves in the two cannulas 1 are connected.

[0037] Furthermore, the docking locker 3 further includes a hook 34 and a slot 35 provided on opposite side walls of the locking ring 31 , and the hook 34 and the slot 35 respectively cooperate with the slot 35 and the hook 34 on the wall of the other locking ring 31 for locking.

[0038] Specifically, the hook 34 has a certain degree of elasticity, and the tip of the hook 34 is in the shape of a hook that bends inward. The slot 35 has a rectangular opening and a sloped inner cavity, and the tip of the hook matches the slot 35. Pressing the hook 34 into the slot 35 causes the hook 34 and the slot 35 to engage and lock, thereby achieving the technical effect of further connecting and fixing the two sections of the sleeve 1.

[0039] Specific application cases:

[0040] Taking peripheral nerve rupture as an example, the specific application of the nerve suture sleeve of the present application in the suturing of the peripheral nerve epineurium is described in detail.

[0041] Peripheral nerve epineurial suturing method: (1) Trimming the nerve: Fully expose the nerve. If there is no other associated injury, carefully observe the nerve stump under the operating microscope to see if there is any contusion, tearing, or hematoma that needs to be trimmed. First, trim the nerve stump with a blade until the normal nerve bundle structure appears. Before suturing, hemostasis should be thorough, preferably with bipolar coagulation, and excessive use of suture knots is not appropriate.

[0042] (2) Suture traction line: Use 8-0 or 9-0 single strand non-absorbable suture to sew one stitch on each side of the nerve stump as a traction line according to the thickness of the nerve, so that the nerve stump is accurately docked, but the nutrient blood vessels therein should not be damaged. Before suturing the traction line, the surgeon must use the anatomical appearance, longitudinal blood vessels in the adventitia, the anatomical morphology of the nerve bundle, the mesentery and the direction of the branches to align the stumps, and cannot twist them.

[0043] (3) Interrupted suture anteriorly: Suture the epineurium intermittently between the positioned traction lines. Do not insert the needle into the nerve tissue. The stitch length and margin size should be such that the nerve bundle is not exposed, the epineurium is not turned inward, and the nerve is not twisted.

[0044] (4) Interrupted suture of the posterior side: Use the traction line to flip the nerve 180° and then suture the posterior part of the nerve in the same way.

[0045] (5) After the nerve repair is completed, the tourniquet should be loosened, and the bleeding points on the suture and wound surface should be carefully stopped. Then, the incisions at each layer should be sutured, and a plaster support should be used as a braking bandage for the affected limb.

[0046] The above-mentioned epineurial suturing method requires stitch by stitch, is time-consuming, and requires a doctor with a basic knowledge of microsurgery suturing to perform the operation. In addition, the tension at the suture point during epineurial suturing will be relatively high, which may sometimes cause epineurial exfoliation at the suture point, leading to increased formation of neuromas at the suture point and even failure of nerve suturing.

[0047] Based on this, the present application proposes a nerve suture sleeve. During operation, the two broken nerve segments are respectively inserted into the two sleeves 1. The barbed protrusions 2 on the inner wall of the sleeve 1 can prevent the nerve from retracting under the action of tension. The barbed protrusions 2 pull the nerve epithelium to achieve the connection between the two broken ends of the nerve, and then the locking needle 32 and the locking hole 33 on the locking ring 31 at the end of the sleeve 1 are plugged in one by one. The connection between the locking needle 32 and the locking hole 33 is achieved, and the connection and suturing of the nerves in the two sleeves 1 are achieved.

[0048] To further connect and secure the two cannulas 1, hooks 34 and slots 35 on opposite side walls of the locking ring 31 engage and lock with the slots 35 and hooks 34 on the other locking ring 31. The connection of the two cannulas 1 ultimately completes the connection and suturing of the two epineurial stumps.

[0049] In summary, although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nerve suture cannula, comprising two cannulae (1) for connecting nerves, characterized in that: The inner wall of the sleeve (1) is provided with a plurality of nerve retraction prevention structures, and the butted ends of the two sleeves (1) are each provided with a butt locker (3), and the butt locker (3) is used to connect and suture the nerves in the two sleeves (1).

2. The nerve suture cannula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-nerve retraction structure is a barbed protrusion (2) arranged at an inclined angle.

3. The nerve suture cannula according to claim 2, characterized in that: The docking locker (3) comprises a locking ring (31) respectively arranged at the end of the sleeve (1), and a plurality of locking needles (32) and locking holes (33) are arranged at intervals on the locking ring (31), and the locking needles (32) and locking holes (33) are respectively adapted to the locking holes (33) and locking needles (32) on the other locking ring (31).

4. The nerve suture cannula according to claim 3, characterized in that: The docking locker (3) further comprises a hook (34) and a slot (35) provided on opposite side walls of the locking ring (31), wherein the hook (34) and the slot (35) respectively cooperate with the slot (35) and the hook (34) on the wall of the other locking ring (31) for locking.

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