Special hopper lifting appliance capable of identifying and aligning under anti-explosion environment

Abstract

The utility model provides a special hopper lifting appliance capable of identifying and aligning in an anti-explosion environment, which comprises an upper frame structure, a lower frame structure, a lifting mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the frame structure is installed at the lower end of the upper frame structure and comprises a bearing frame, an X-direction guide rail, a Y-direction guide rail and a laser range finder, the hook executing mechanism is installed based on the X-direction guide rail, the guide mechanism is installed based on the Y-direction guide rail, and the laser range finder is used for detecting the linear distance with a material tank; a proximity switch is arranged on the guide mechanism; the hook executing mechanism comprises hook cross beams, suspension arms, hooks, matched hook detection proximity switches and laser correlation sensors, the hooks are arranged in pairs, the hooks are mounted below the X-direction guide rails through the suspension arms and the hook cross beams, and the hook detection proximity switches are mounted on the inner sides of the hooks; and the laser correlation sensors are arranged on the two suspension arms which move relatively. The lifting appliance can realize self-positioning, hooking and unhooking inspection of the charging bucket.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of slings, and in particular to a special hopper sling capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments, and used for cooperating with a crane to complete the lifting and transportation of flammable and explosive materials. Background Art

[0002] During the loading and transportation of flammable and explosive items, due to the explosive properties of such materials and people's increasing attention to their own safety in today's society, the trend of converting the loading and transportation process from previous manual operation to intelligent operation is becoming increasingly obvious.

[0003] However, in the process of filling and transporting such products, there are usually many different types of material tanks. Therefore, the entire process is generally highly dependent on people. It is difficult to eliminate manual processes, and breakthroughs can only be made one by one in order to reduce manual application scenarios as much as possible.

[0004] Among them, for material tanks of different specifications, alignment is required when the hoist is used for lifting and transferring. This process currently relies on manual alignment. How to carry out manual alignment work is one of the technical problems that urgently need to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to address the deficiencies of the existing technology and thus provide a special hopper sling that can realize autonomous positioning, hooking and unhooking inspection of material tanks and can be used in explosion-proof environments and can identify alignment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in an explosion-proof environment, comprising an upper frame structure, a frame structure, a guide mechanism, a hook actuator, a pneumatic system and an electric control system;

[0007] The upper frame structure is used to cooperate with the lifting equipment and serve as a lifting structure;

[0008] The frame structure is installed at the lower end of the upper structure, and the frame structure includes a load-bearing frame and an X-guide rail, a Y-guide rail and a laser rangefinder installed on the load-bearing frame. The hook actuator is installed based on the X-guide rail to achieve X-direction movement, and the guide mechanism is installed based on the Y-guide rail to achieve Y-direction movement. The laser rangefinder is used to detect the straight-line distance to the material tank;

[0009] A proximity switch is provided on the guide mechanism to detect whether it contacts the outer frame of the tank along the Y direction;

[0010] The hook actuator includes a hook beam, a boom, a hook, and a matching hook detection proximity switch and a laser beam sensor. The hook is installed below the X-guide rail through the boom and the hook beam. The hook detection proximity switch is installed on the inside of the hook to detect whether an object is hoisted on the hook; the laser beam sensor is installed on the two booms that move relative to each other and serves as an auxiliary judgment signal for whether the material tank is hooked.

[0011] The pneumatic system is used to provide an air source for each actuator, and the electric control system is used to provide electric energy and control signals to each actuator.

[0012] Preferably, the upper structure includes a frame, a pair of rigid guide columns, a pulley set and a cable frame. The rigid guide columns are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the frame for docking with the lifting equipment. The pulley set is symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the frame for cooperating with the rope to complete the lifting and lowering action. The cable frame is used to coil the cable for supplying power to the electrical equipment.

[0013] Preferably, there are four X-direction guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed at the left and right ends of the load-bearing frame. Each of the X-direction guide rails includes two X-direction heavy-load sliders and one X-direction linear slide rail. An X-direction mechanical stop mechanism is provided on the load-bearing frame corresponding to the X-direction guide rails, which is used to prevent the X-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the X-direction linear slide rail and serve as a key limit for the movement stroke of the X-direction guide rail.

[0014] Preferably, there are four Y-direction guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed at the front and rear ends of the load-bearing frame. Each Y-direction guide rail includes a Y-direction heavy-load slider and a Y-direction linear slide rail. The load-bearing frame is provided with a Y-direction mechanical stop mechanism corresponding to the Y-direction guide rail, which is used to prevent the Y-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the Y-direction linear slide rail.

[0015] Preferably, the guide mechanism includes a guide beam, a guide rod, a guide plate and a guide scissors-type mechanism arranged in pairs, the guide beam is installed at the bottom end of the Y-axis heavy-load slider, the guide rod is installed at the bottom end of the guide beam, the guide plate is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod, and the guide scissors-type mechanism is connected between the two sets of guide beams to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two sets of guide beams.

[0016] Preferably, the guide plate includes a proximity switch, a guide trigger plate, a trigger plate connecting rod and a guide clamping plate. The guide trigger plate and the trigger plate connecting rod, as well as the trigger plate connecting rod and the guide clamping plate, are connected by a rotating pair. The triggering side of the guide trigger plate is arranged beyond the guide clamping plate, so that the guide trigger plate rotates with the trigger plate connecting rod as a radius when contacting the outer frame of the material tank until the guide trigger plate triggers the proximity switch and the guide clamping plate contacts the outer frame of the material tank.

[0017] Preferably, the hook beam is installed at the bottom end of the X-axis heavy-load slider, two booms are installed on each hook beam, a hook is installed at the bottom end of each boom, and the two hook beams are connected by a hook scissors-fork mechanism, which is used to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two hook beams.

[0018] Preferably, it also includes a material tank identification proximity switch group, which includes a plurality of proximity switches, each proximity switch is configured to correspond to a different longitudinal depth position of the material tank, and the material tank type is determined according to the order of identification of different longitudinal depth positions of the material tank.

[0019] Preferably, the laser beam sensor is installed on the opposite side of the middle of the boom, and is used to determine the height of the boom falling through the signal blocked by the tank.

[0020] Preferably, the X-guide rail and the driving mechanism of the X-guide rail are cylinders or electric cylinders installed on the load-bearing frame.

[0021] The present invention has substantial features and progress compared with the prior art. Specifically, the present invention is designed with a hook movable based on an X-guide rail and a guide mechanism movable based on a Y-guide rail, so as to adjust, identify and align barrels of different specifications. A laser ranging sensor is configured for the load-bearing frame to judge the distance between the sling and the material tank, a corresponding proximity switch is configured for the guide mechanism to roughly judge the specifications of the material frame, a corresponding proximity switch is configured for the hook to judge whether the hook is hoisted in place, and a laser beam sensor is set for the hook to judge the height to which the sling is lowered according to the obstruction of the material tank, thereby realizing freely adjustable adaptive adjustment, alignment and suspension of material frames of different specifications.

[0022] Furthermore, a material tank identification proximity switch group is configured, and the corresponding structure of the material tank is matched by configuring the distribution relationship of the proximity switches. The specific model of the material tank is determined according to the different triggering orders of the proximity switches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The utility model is an overall diagram of a special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in an explosion-proof environment.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the upper shelf structure in the utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the frame structure in the utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the guide mechanism in the utility model.

[0027] Figure 5It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide plate in the utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the hook actuator in the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Upper structure; 2. Frame structure; 3. Guide mechanism; 4. Hook actuator; 5. Pneumatic system; 6. Electronic control system;

[0030] 1.1 Rigid guide column; 1.2 Frame; 1.3 Pulley block; 1.4 Cable frame;

[0031] 2.1 Load-bearing frame; 2.2 X-axis guide rail; 2.3 Y-axis mechanical stop mechanism; 2.4 Y-axis guide rail; 2.5 Laser rangefinder; 2.6 X-axis mechanical stop mechanism;

[0032] 3.1 Guide beam; 3.2 Guide rod; 3.3 Guide plate; 3.7 Guide scissor mechanism; 3.3.1 Proximity switch; 3.3.2 Guide trigger plate; 3.3.3 Trigger plate connecting rod; 3.3.4 Guide clamping plate;

[0033] 4.1 Hook beam; 4.2 Boom; 4.3 Hook; 4.4 Hook detection proximity switch; 4.5 Tank identification proximity switch group; 4.6 Laser beam sensor; 4.7 Hook scissor mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of the present utility model is further described in detail below through specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a special hopper sling capable of identifying alignment and used in an explosion-proof environment includes an upper frame structure 1, a frame structure 2, a guide mechanism 3, a hook actuator 4, a pneumatic system 5 and an electronic control system 6.

[0036] The upper frame structure 1 is used to cooperate with the lifting equipment and is used as a lifting structure. Specifically, in this embodiment, the upper frame structure 1 includes a frame 1.2, a pair of rigid guide columns 1.1, a pulley block 1.3 and a cable frame 1.4. The rigid guide columns 1.1 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the frame 1.2 for docking with the lifting equipment. The pulley block 1.3 is symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the frame 1.2 for cooperating with the rope to complete the lifting and lowering action. The cable frame 1.4 is used for winding cables for supplying power to electrical equipment. The lifting action may cause insufficient cable length. The cable frame 1.4 can effectively extend the allowable execution range.

[0037] The frame structure 2 is installed at the lower end of the upper structure 1. The frame structure 2 includes a load-bearing frame 2.1 and an X-guide rail 2.2, a Y-guide rail 2.4 and a laser rangefinder 2.5 installed on the load-bearing frame 2.1. The hook actuator is installed based on the X-guide rail to achieve X-direction movement, and the guide mechanism is installed based on the Y-guide rail to achieve Y-direction movement. The laser rangefinder is used to detect the straight-line distance to the material tank; that is, it is used to detect the straight-line distance between the material tank and the bottom of the spreader, and feed the distance value back to the electrical system 5. The electrical system uses this value to determine whether there is a material tank under the spreader, and to determine information such as the height to which the spreader needs to be lowered during lifting.

[0038] Specifically, in this embodiment, there are four X-guide rails 2.2, which are symmetrically distributed at the left and right ends of the load-bearing frame 2.1. Each of the X-guide rails 2.2 includes two X-direction heavy-load sliders and one X-direction linear slide rail. The load-bearing frame 2.1 is provided with an X-direction mechanical stop mechanism 2.6 corresponding to the X-direction guide rail, which is used to prevent the X-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the X-direction linear slide rail and serve as a key limit for the movement stroke of the X-direction guide rail.

[0039] There are four Y-direction guide rails 2.4, which are symmetrically distributed at the front and rear ends of the load-bearing frame 2.1. Each Y-direction guide rail 2.4 includes a Y-direction heavy-load slider and a Y-direction linear slide rail. The load-bearing frame 2.1 is provided with a Y-direction mechanical stop mechanism 2.3 corresponding to the Y-direction guide rail 2.4, which is used to prevent the Y-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the Y-direction linear slide rail.

[0040] In this embodiment, the X-guide rail 2.2 and the Y-guide rail 2.4 are driven to slide one by one by corresponding cylinders, and the cylinders are installed on the load-bearing frame 2.1.

[0041] The guide mechanism 3 is provided with a proximity switch for detecting whether it contacts the outer frame of the tank along the Y direction;

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the guide mechanism includes a guide beam 3.1, a guide rod 3.2, a guide plate 3.3 and a guide scissor mechanism 3.7 arranged in pairs. The guide beam 3.1 is installed at the bottom end of the Y-axis heavy-load slider, the guide rod 3.2 is installed at the bottom end of the guide beam 3.1, and the guide plate 3.3 is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod 3.2. The guide scissor mechanism 3.7 is connected between the two sets of guide beams 3.1 to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two sets of guide beams 3.1.

[0043] The guide plate 3.3 includes a proximity switch 3.3.1, a guide trigger plate 3.3.2, a trigger plate connecting rod 3.3.3 and a guide clamping plate 3.3.4, all of which are made of stainless steel to adapt to explosion-proof environments. The guide trigger plate 3.3.2 and the trigger plate connecting rod 3.3.3, as well as the trigger plate connecting rod 3.3.3 and the guide clamping plate 3.3.4, are connected by a revolving pair. The trigger side of the guide trigger plate 3.3.2 is arranged to extend beyond the guide clamping plate 3.3.4, so that when the guide trigger plate 3.3.2 contacts the outer frame of the material tank, it rotates around the trigger plate connecting rod as a radius until the guide trigger plate triggers the proximity switch, and the guide clamping plate contacts the outer frame of the material tank.

[0044] Guide plate 3.3 ensures the spreader's proper position in the Y direction. This is achieved as follows: Pneumatic system 5 drives crossbeam 3.1, mounted on Y-direction guide rail 2.4, to move horizontally inward in the Y direction. Because guide trigger plate 3.3.2 is positioned further inward than guide clamping plate 3.3.4, it contacts the tank's outer frame first. Because guide trigger plate 3.3.2, trigger plate connecting rod 3.3.3, and guide clamping plate 3.3.4 are all connected by a revolute joint, the tank's outer frame pushes guide trigger plate 3.3.2 in a circular motion centered on the revolute joint and with trigger plate connecting rod 3.3.3 as its radius. When guide clamping plate 3.3.4 also contacts the tank's outer frame, guide trigger plate 3.3.2 triggers proximity switch 3.3.1, signaling to electrical system 5 that the spreader is in position, allowing the next step. The guided scissor mechanism 3.4 controls the synchronization of the movement of the two guide beams.

[0045] The hook actuator 4 includes a hook beam 4.1, a boom 4.2, a hook 4.3, and a matching hook detection proximity switch 4.4 and a laser beam sensor 4.6. The hook 4.3 is installed below the X-guide rail through the boom 4.2 and the hook beam 4.1. The hook detection proximity switch 4.4 is installed on the inner side of the hook 4.3 and is used to detect whether an object is hoisted on the hook 4.3. When the outer frame of the material tank is hooked, the proximity switch 4.4 is triggered and a hook signal is sent to the electrical system 5.

[0046] The laser beam sensors, mounted on the two relatively moving booms 4.2, serve as auxiliary signals for determining whether a tank is hooked. Laser beam sensors 4.6 provide a secondary safety function, allowing the tank to block its photoelectric signal to determine the height of the spreader's drop and assist in determining whether the tank is hooked.

[0047] The hook beam 4.1 is installed at the bottom end of the X-axis heavy-load slider, and two booms 4.2 are installed on each hook beam 4.1. A hook 4.3 is installed at the bottom end of each boom 4.2. The two hook beams 4.1 are connected by a hook scissor mechanism 4.7, and the hook scissor mechanism is used to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two hook beams.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, a tank identification proximity switch assembly 4.5 is further included. The tank identification proximity switch assembly 4.5 comprises a plurality of proximity switches, each configured to correspond to a different depth position of the tank. The tank type is determined based on the order in which the different depth positions are identified. In this embodiment, the three proximity switches perform permutation and combinational identification of metal sensing devices pre-installed at corresponding tank locations, enabling identification of up to six different tank specifications. By feeding back the tank type to the electrical system 5, the different tanks can be transported to their pre-specified corresponding locations.

[0049] Brief description of the working process:

[0050] First, the laser rangefinder 2.5 installed on the load-bearing frame 2.1 determines the distance to the material tank. During the falling process, it further cooperates with the laser beam sensor 4.6 to determine whether the falling distance is in place.

[0051] If it drops to the correct position, the guide mechanism is controlled to move inwards, and proximity switch 3.3.1 is used to determine whether the guide mechanism is in the correct position.

[0052] If the guide is in place, the hook actuator is controlled to move inwards until the position of the X-axis mechanical stop mechanism 2.6 is reached, and the spreader is lifted. During the lifting process, the hook detection proximity switch 4.4 installed on the inner side of the hook is continuously detected to see if it is triggered, indicating that the hook is correctly hung.

[0053] After the tank is hoisted into place, the position of the hanging tank relative to the hook is consistent, and the tank identification proximity switch group 4.5 and the identification module preset on the tank are used for identification. After the tank type is determined, it is sent to the electrical control system to transport the tank to the corresponding area.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that: The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of this patent, but this patent is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the purpose of this patent.

Claims

1. A special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments, characterized by: It includes upper structure, frame structure, guide mechanism, hook actuator, pneumatic system and electric control system; The upper frame structure is used to cooperate with the lifting equipment and serve as a lifting structure; The frame structure is installed at the lower end of the upper structure, and the frame structure includes a load-bearing frame and an X-guide rail, a Y-guide rail and a laser rangefinder installed on the load-bearing frame. The hook actuator is installed based on the X-guide rail to achieve X-direction movement, and the guide mechanism is installed based on the Y-guide rail to achieve Y-direction movement. The laser rangefinder is used to detect the straight-line distance to the material tank; A proximity switch is provided on the guide mechanism to detect whether it contacts the outer frame of the tank along the Y direction; The hook actuator includes a hook beam, a boom, a hook, and a matching hook detection proximity switch and a laser beam sensor. The hook is installed below the X-guide rail through the boom and the hook beam. The hook detection proximity switch is installed on the inside of the hook to detect whether an object is hoisted on the hook; the laser beam sensor is installed on the two booms that move relative to each other and serves as an auxiliary judgment signal for whether the material tank is hooked. The pneumatic system is used to provide an air source for each actuator, and the electric control system is used to provide electric energy and control signals to each actuator.

2. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper structure includes a frame, a pair of rigid guide columns, a pulley group and a cable frame. The rigid guide columns are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the frame for docking with the lifting equipment. The pulley group is symmetrically distributed at the four corners of the frame for cooperating with the rope to complete the lifting and lowering action. The cable frame is used to coil the cable for supplying power to the electrical equipment.

3. The special hopper sling capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are four X-direction guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed at the left and right ends of the load-bearing frame. Each of the X-direction guide rails includes two X-direction heavy-load sliders and one X-direction linear slide rail. An X-direction mechanical stop mechanism is provided on the load-bearing frame corresponding to the X-direction guide rails, which is used to prevent the X-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the X-direction linear slide rail and serve as a key limit for the movement stroke of the X-direction guide rail.

4. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 3 is characterized in that: There are four Y-direction guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed at the front and rear ends of the load-bearing frame. Each Y-direction guide rail includes a Y-direction heavy-load slider and a Y-direction linear slide rail. The load-bearing frame is provided with a Y-direction mechanical stop mechanism corresponding to the Y-direction guide rail, which is used to prevent the Y-direction heavy-load slider from falling off the Y-direction linear slide rail.

5. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The guide mechanism includes a guide beam, a guide rod, a guide plate and a guide scissors mechanism arranged in pairs. The guide beam is installed at the bottom end of the Y-axis heavy-load slider, the guide rod is installed at the bottom end of the guide beam, and the guide plate is installed at the bottom end of the guide rod. The guide scissors mechanism is connected between the two sets of guide beams to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two sets of guide beams.

6. The special hopper sling capable of identifying alignment for use in explosion-proof environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide plate includes a proximity switch, a guide trigger plate, a trigger plate connecting rod and a guide clamping plate. The guide trigger plate and the trigger plate connecting rod, as well as the trigger plate connecting rod and the guide clamping plate, are connected by a rotating pair. The triggering side of the guide trigger plate is arranged beyond the guide clamping plate, so that when the guide trigger plate contacts the outer frame of the material tank, it rotates with the trigger plate connecting rod as a radius until the guide trigger plate triggers the proximity switch and the guide clamping plate contacts the outer frame of the material tank.

7. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hook beam is installed at the bottom end of the X-axis heavy-load slider, and two booms are installed on each hook beam. A hook is installed at the bottom end of each boom. The two hook beams are connected by a hook scissors-fork mechanism, and the hook scissors-fork mechanism is used to maintain the synchronization of the movement of the two hook beams.

8. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a material tank identification proximity switch group, which includes several proximity switches. Each proximity switch is configured to correspond to a different longitudinal depth position of the material tank. The type of the material tank is determined according to the order of identification of the different longitudinal depth positions of the material tank.

9. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser beam sensor is installed on the opposite side of the middle of the boom and is used to determine the height of the boom falling through the signal blocked by the tank.

10. The special hopper spreader capable of identifying alignment and used in explosion-proof environments according to claim 9, characterized in that: The X-direction guide rail and the driving mechanism of the X-direction guide rail are cylinders or electric cylinders installed on the load-bearing frame.

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