Coal blocking device for hydraulic support and hydraulic support

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports, in particular to a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support and the hydraulic support. The top of the shield beam is hinged to the top beam. The bottom of the shield beam is hinged to the base. The coal blocking device comprises first coal blocking mechanisms, second coal blocking mechanisms, third coal blocking mechanisms and fourth coal blocking mechanisms, the first coal blocking mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the base, the second coal blocking mechanisms are detachably connected to the end, close to the shield beam, of the base, and the third coal blocking mechanisms are arranged at the end, away from the shield beam, of the base; the fourth coal blocking mechanism is arranged on the base and located above the third coal blocking mechanism. A multi-layer protection system is formed, fine particulate matter such as coal dust and coal gangue is effectively prevented from entering the hydraulic support, the foreign matter invasion prevention performance of the hydraulic support is remarkably improved, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic supports, in particular to a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support and the hydraulic support. Background Art

[0002] In modern fully mechanized coal mining operations, hydraulic supports serve as the cornerstone for supporting the working face and maintaining tunnel stability. Their reliability and durability directly impact mining efficiency and mine safety. However, with increasing mining intensity, the majority of the coal produced during the mining process enters the scraper conveyor due to gravity. A small amount of fine particulate matter, such as coal dust, sand, and gangue, may enter the hydraulic supports, posing an increasing threat to them. These particles can easily penetrate gaps and penetrate the interior of the supports during operations such as moving supports in front of and behind the hydraulic supports and between adjacent supports, causing serious damage to the precision hydraulic components, transmissions, and electronic control systems. They can also clog sensors and control valves, causing malfunctions or equipment shutdowns, and in severe cases, even safety accidents. The movement of other hydraulic supports adjacent to the hydraulic supports and in the goaf also generates coal dust, sand, and gangue, which can potentially enter the hydraulic supports.

[0003] Traditional hydraulic support designs have long focused on mechanical support performance, with relatively little consideration given to preventing foreign matter intrusion. This makes the equipment susceptible to external corrosion in the complex and ever-changing underground environment, shortening its service life and increasing maintenance costs. Therefore, effectively isolating external impurities and protecting the internal structure of hydraulic supports from damage has become a pressing issue in coal mining technology research. Utility Model Content

[0004] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support and a hydraulic support, which solves the technical problem of coal dust, sand and coal gangue entering the interior of the support.

[0006] (2) Technical solution

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the main technical solutions adopted by this utility model include:

[0008] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support, the hydraulic support includes at least a protective beam and a base, and is characterized in that the coal blocking device includes a first coal blocking mechanism, a second coal blocking mechanism, a third coal blocking mechanism and a fourth coal blocking mechanism, the first coal blocking mechanism is arranged on both sides of the base, the second coal blocking mechanism is detachably connected to one end of the base close to the protective beam, the third coal blocking mechanism is arranged at one end of the base away from the protective beam, and the fourth coal blocking mechanism is arranged on the base and is located above the third coal blocking mechanism.

[0009] Optionally, the first coal blocking mechanism includes a main door and a secondary door that slides with the main door. The main door is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base. The main door is a cavity structure with an opening at one end away from the protective beam. The secondary door can slide along the length direction of the main door and can be stored in the cavity structure.

[0010] Optionally, the first coal blocking mechanism also includes a push-pull rod and multiple pull rod seats arranged at the top of the main door along the length direction of the main door, one end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the auxiliary door, and the other end of the push-pull rod passes through multiple pull rod seats and is movably connected to multiple pull rod seats; the push-pull rod is movably arranged along the distribution direction of the pull rod seats.

[0011] Optionally, a stopper is provided at the end of the push-pull rod, the stopper being larger than the through-hole of the pull rod seat away from the shield beam. The stopper is provided with a first vertical positioning hole, which corresponds to a second positioning hole at the top of the main door and is fixed in position by a stop pin. Multiple second positioning holes are provided to limit the position of the secondary door at different locations.

[0012] Optionally, a second coal-blocking mechanism is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the shield beam, and the frame of the second coal-blocking mechanism is provided outside the base and the side wall of the shield beam, and the middle part of the second coal-blocking mechanism is close to the hinge of the base and the shield beam, and the position of the close joint is the vertical outer wall surface of the second coal-blocking mechanism and the inclined surface with a similar inclination angle to the outer wall of the bottom of the shield beam. These two wall surfaces are the first wall surfaces, and the wall surfaces located outside the base and the side wall of the shield beam are the second wall surfaces and the third wall surfaces.

[0013] Optionally, a third coal-blocking mechanism is installed above the push rod and located at the end of the base to block the space between the push rod and the base; the third coal-blocking mechanism includes a rubber component and a connecting component distributed at the end of the rubber component, the connecting component is embedded in the installation groove provided in the base, and the rubber component is in contact with the peripheral wall of the push rod.

[0014] Optionally, the fourth coal blocking mechanism includes a coal blocking frame and a coal blocking door hinged to the coal blocking frame, the coal blocking frame is installed at the top end of the base away from the end of the shielding beam, and the coal blocking door can be opened in a direction away from the shielding beam.

[0015] Optionally, the fourth coal blocking mechanism is parallel to the third coal blocking mechanism, both facing away from the shielding beam; the fourth coal blocking mechanism and the first coal blocking mechanism are perpendicular to each other and their ends are close to or clamped and connected to each other.

[0016] On the second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a hydraulic support, which includes any of the above-mentioned coal blocking devices, as well as a top beam, a pushing jack, a pushing rod and a column; the upper part of the column is hinged to the top beam, the lower part of the column is hinged to the base, one end of the pushing jack is hinged to the pushing rod, and the other end of the pushing jack is hinged to the base, and is characterized in that the top of the protective beam is hinged to the top beam, and the bottom of the protective beam is hinged to the base.

[0017] Optionally, it further includes a support jack, wherein the top end of the support jack is hinged to the side of the top beam close to the shield beam, and the bottom end of the support jack is hinged to the middle and lower part of the shield beam;

[0018] The bottom of the shield beam is hinged to the base, and the bottom of the shield beam gradually widens and thickens relative to the top;

[0019] The column can be tilted forward when the column is in the lower position, and can be tilted backward when the column is in the upper position.

[0020] (3) Beneficial effects

[0021] The beneficial effect of the present utility model is that the coal blocking device for the hydraulic support of the present application forms a multi-level protection system by configuring the first coal blocking mechanism on both sides of the base, setting a detachable second coal blocking mechanism near one end of the shielding beam, and installing the third coal blocking mechanism and the fourth coal blocking mechanism at the end facing away from the shielding beam, which effectively blocks fine particulate matter such as coal dust and coal gangue from entering the interior of the hydraulic support, significantly improves the hydraulic support's anti-foreign matter intrusion performance, extends the equipment's service life and reduces maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front structure of the third coal-blocking mechanism and the fourth coal-blocking mechanism;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the back structure of the third coal blocking mechanism and the fourth coal blocking mechanism;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the first coal block structure.

[0026] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0027] 1: Top beam; 2: Cover beam; 3: Base; 4: Push rod; 5: Column; 6: First coal blocking mechanism; 7: Second coal blocking mechanism; 8: Third coal blocking mechanism; 9: Fourth coal blocking mechanism; 10: Support jack;

[0028] 61: Main door; 62: Secondary door; 63: Push-pull rod; 64: Pull rod seat; 65: Stopper; 66: First positioning hole; 67: Second positioning hole; 68: Convex fastener;

[0029] 81: rubber component; 82: connecting component; 83: mounting slot;

[0030] 91: coal retaining frame; 92: coal retaining door; 93: retaining piece; 94: slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific embodiments. Figure 1 The orientation is referenced.

[0032] The utility model provides a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support, which effectively blocks the invasion of coal dust and other foreign matter and protects key components of the hydraulic support by arranging four coal blocking mechanisms (first to fourth coal blocking mechanisms) at different positions of the hydraulic support.

[0033] The first coal-blocking mechanism not only achieves a better sealing effect through the sliding cooperation design of the main door and the auxiliary door, and the combination of the push-pull rod and the pull rod seat, but also allows for easy opening and closing operations, and is convenient for maintenance and cleaning.

[0034] The second coal-blocking mechanism is directly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the shield beam. Its design adapts to the structure of the shield beam and the base, further enhancing the side protection capability, especially protecting against coal slag generated by the movement of other nearby hydraulic supports.

[0035] The third coal-blocking mechanism and the fourth coal-blocking mechanism respectively block the gap between the push rod and the base and the opening close to the scraper conveyor. The third coal-blocking mechanism uses rubber components to fit tightly around the peripheral wall of the push rod without affecting the movement of the push rod itself; the fourth coal-blocking mechanism provides an openable coal-blocking door to prevent foreign matter from entering. When open, it can block coal rocks rolling down the slope, thereby improving safety performance.

[0036] The design of the entire coal blocking device fully considers the working environment and movement characteristics of the hydraulic support. Through the synergistic effect of various coal blocking mechanisms, a relatively comprehensive protection system is formed, which effectively enhances the hydraulic support's ability to resist external foreign objects.

[0037] The proposed hydraulic support also integrates this coal-blocking device and may include additional components such as support jacks, enhancing the support's overall stability and flexibility, particularly its adaptability to operations at varying heights and angles. The columns can be tilted backward to provide a large telescopic ratio, extending this ratio compared to conventional supports and accommodating a wider range of coal mining support heights.

[0038] To better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] refer to Figure 1 The embodiment of the utility model provides a coal blocking device for a hydraulic support, which includes a top beam 1, a shielding beam 2, a pushing jack, a pushing rod 4, a column 5 and a base 3. The upper part of the column 5 is hinged to the top beam 1, and the lower part of the column 5 is hinged to the base 3. One end of the pushing jack is hinged to the pushing rod 4, and the other end of the pushing jack is hinged to the base 3. It is characterized in that the top of the shielding beam 2 is hinged to the top beam 1, and the bottom of the shielding beam 2 is hinged to the base 3.

[0041] The coal blocking device includes a first coal blocking mechanism 6, a second coal blocking mechanism 7, a third coal blocking mechanism 8 and a fourth coal blocking mechanism 9. The first coal blocking mechanism 6 is arranged on both sides of the base 3, the second coal blocking mechanism 7 is detachably connected to the end of the base 3 close to the protective beam 2, the third coal blocking mechanism 8 is arranged at the end of the base 3 away from the protective beam 2, and the fourth coal blocking mechanism 9 is arranged on the base 3 and is located above the third coal blocking mechanism 8.

[0042] By arranging the first to fourth coal-blocking mechanisms at key positions around the base of the hydraulic support, coal, sand, gravel and other foreign objects can be effectively prevented from invading the moving parts of the hydraulic support (such as push rods, jacks, etc.), reducing the risk of foreign objects jamming or wearing the equipment, and extending the service life of the hydraulic support and its components.

[0043] It prevents the intrusion of external foreign objects, reduces the frequency of equipment failures, ensures the stable operation of the hydraulic support system, reduces production losses caused by unexpected shutdowns, and enhances the continuity and efficiency of the entire mining operation.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 The first coal blocking mechanism 6 includes a main door 61 and a secondary door 62 that slides with the main door 61. The main door 61 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 3. The main door 61 is a cavity structure with an opening at one end away from the shielding beam 2. The secondary door 62 can slide along the length direction of the main door 61 and can be stored in the cavity structure.

[0045] The sliding design of the main door 61 and auxiliary door 62 enables the coal retaining mechanism to dynamically adapt to varying foreign material flows without disrupting normal operations. When large quantities of sand, gravel, or coal enter, the auxiliary door 62 slides out of the cavity, increasing the containment area. During equipment maintenance, the auxiliary door 62 slides back into the cavity, allowing the flow of coal out of the pedestrian passage.

[0046] refer to Figure 4 The first coal-blocking mechanism 6 also includes a push-pull rod 63 and a plurality of pull rod seats 64 arranged at the top of the main door 61 along the length direction of the main door 61. One end of the push-pull rod 63 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary door 62, and the other end of the push-pull rod 63 passes through the plurality of pull rod seats 64 and is movably connected to the plurality of pull rod seats 64; the push-pull rod 63 is movably arranged along the distribution direction of the pull rod seats 64.

[0047] A slide groove and a slide rail are provided at the lower end of the first coal blocking mechanism 6. Since coal dust may enter the slide rail due to long-term use, a push-pull rod above is provided to increase the sliding effect.

[0048] refer to Figure 4 A stopper 65 is provided at the end of the push-pull rod 63, and the size of the stopper 65 is larger than the through-hole size of the pull rod seat 64 away from the shielding beam 2; the stopper 65 is provided with a first positioning hole 66 in the vertical direction, and the first positioning hole 66 corresponds to the second positioning hole 67 at the top of the main door 61, and the position is fixed by a limit pin.

[0049] The size of stopper 65 is larger than the through-hole of tie rod seat 64, which is located away from shield beam 2. This means that stopper 65 is positioned within this tie rod seat 64, preventing secondary door 62 from sliding out of main door 61. It is also smaller than the through-holes of the remaining tie rod seats 64, allowing the sliding door to slide along the predetermined path in the wall without interference from the tie rods. The positioning hole serves to define the specific opening size of the sliding door and provide a position limit.

[0050] At the same time, the middle part of the pull rod is a detachable structure. When the sliding effect of the sliding groove in the main door is not good, the auxiliary door can be removed to clean the sliding groove in the main door cavity.

[0051] refer to Figure 1 A second coal-blocking mechanism 7 is installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the shield beam 2. Its frame is located outside the base 3 and the side walls of the shield beam 2, with the central corner of the second coal-blocking mechanism 7 converging toward the hinged joint between the base 3 and the shield beam 2. This convergence is achieved by combining the vertical outer wall of the second coal-blocking mechanism and an inclined surface with a similar inclination angle to the outer wall of the bottom of the shield beam. These two walls are referred to as the first wall, while the walls located outside the base and the side walls of the shield beam are referred to as the second and third walls. These three walls form a semi-enclosed structure, effectively blocking coal and sand from the goaf.

[0052] The second coal blocking mechanism 7 is designed to have a size that does not affect the blocking of foreign matter such as coal gangue, and will not interfere with the ground.

[0053] By installing a coal retaining mechanism at this critical location, near the hinged joint between the shield beam and the base, we can effectively prevent foreign matter such as coal, sand, and gravel from directly falling into or accumulating around the hinge, thus protecting this vulnerable structural area from damage. The hinged joint is typically a relatively fragile part of the structure, susceptible to wear and damage from foreign matter. The installation of this second coal retaining mechanism significantly enhances the protection of this critical area.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The third coal blocking mechanism 8 is installed above the push rod 4 and located at the end of the base 3 to block the space between the push rod 4 and the base 3; the third coal blocking mechanism 8 includes a rubber component 81 and a connecting component 82 located at the end of the rubber component 81, the connecting component 82 is embedded in the installation groove 83 provided in the base 3, and the rubber component 81 is in contact with the peripheral wall of the push rod 4.

[0055] The design of rubber component 81 in close contact with the walls of the push rod effectively seals any gaps between the push rod and the base, preventing small foreign objects such as coal dust and sand from entering the hydraulic support through these gaps. The elastic properties of the rubber material allow it to adapt to the slight movement of the push rod during operation, maintaining a good seal and reducing the risk of contaminants entering.

[0056] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 2 The fourth coal-blocking mechanism 9 includes a coal-blocking frame 91 and a coal-blocking door 92 hingedly connected to the frame. The frame 91 is mounted at the top of the base 3, away from the shield beam 2. The coal-blocking door 92 can be opened away from the shield beam 2. A retaining plate is provided at the rear end of the fourth coal-blocking mechanism 9 to effectively limit the rear end position of the coal-blocking door 92.

[0057] The coal retaining door 92 can be opened away from the shield beam 2. This design allows for easy and unobstructed access when equipment inspection, maintenance, or cleaning is required. Once the work is complete, the coal retaining door can be closed again to resume its function of blocking foreign matter. This flexibility greatly facilitates daily maintenance and management.

[0058] When the coal blocking door 92 is in the expanded state, a limiting mechanism is added to block coal rocks rolling down the slope.

[0059] The coal retaining frame 91 is installed at the top of the base, away from the end of the shield beam. This location is often a difficult-to-protect area where foreign matter easily enters. By installing the coal retaining mechanism here, protection is strengthened in this vulnerable area, effectively preventing the intrusion of foreign matter such as coal, sand, and gravel from the wall during mining that does not fall into the scraper conveyor, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the internal structure of the hydraulic support.

[0060] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The fourth coal blocking mechanism 9 is parallel to the third coal blocking mechanism 8, both facing away from the shielding beam; the fourth coal blocking mechanism 9 is perpendicular to the first coal blocking mechanism 6 and the ends are close to or engaged with each other (the convex fast 68 and the slot 94 cooperate) and are connected.

[0061] By arranging the fourth coal-blocking mechanism in parallel with the third coal-blocking mechanism, with both facing away from the shield beam (i.e., toward the scraper conveyor), extensive coverage is achieved around the hydraulic support base and push rods, effectively blocking foreign matter such as coal dust, sand, and gravel from various directions. This layout ensures a tight protective barrier around key moving parts, reducing the risk of foreign matter intrusion.

[0062] The fourth coal-blocking mechanism 9 is arranged perpendicular to the first coal-blocking mechanism 6, with their ends close together or interlocked. This design not only optimizes space utilization but also enhances the structural stability of the entire coal-blocking device. The close proximity or interlocking connection of the ends provides mutual support, improving resistance to external impacts, ensuring that each coal-blocking mechanism remains stable in complex mining environments, resisting loosening or displacement, and enhancing sealing.

[0063] In addition, the technical solution described above effectively blocks coal dust, sand, gangue and other foreign matter from entering the key components of the hydraulic support to a large extent through a series of carefully designed coal blocking mechanisms, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the equipment. However, it is indeed impossible to completely block all foreign matter in a closed manner. The reason lies in the working principle of the hydraulic support itself and the particularity of the operating environment.

[0064] As a key piece of equipment in fully mechanized coal mining, the design of hydraulic supports must take into account the practical needs of the operation. This means ensuring that the supports effectively support the roof and maintain roadway stability while also maintaining a certain degree of openness to facilitate smooth coal mining and transportation, as well as necessary ventilation and personnel access. Complete enclosure can hinder normal mining processes, reduce ventilation, increase internal pressure, and even affect the equipment's heat dissipation performance.

[0065] Therefore, the technical solution of this application aims to minimize the intrusion of external foreign matter while ensuring the normal operation of the hydraulic support. Through the rational layout and design of an efficient coal retaining mechanism, the goal is to protect the core components of the hydraulic support, extend its service life, and reduce maintenance costs, rather than pursuing absolute closed protection. This balance considers the optimal solution between equipment efficiency and protective effectiveness, and is a reasonable technical improvement tailored to the actual needs of coal mining.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] An embodiment of the utility model provides a hydraulic support, which includes any of the above-mentioned coal blocking devices, as well as a top beam, a pushing jack, a pushing rod and a column; the upper part of the column is hinged to the top beam, the lower part of the column is hinged to the base, one end of the pushing jack is hinged to the pushing rod, and the other end of the pushing jack is hinged to the base, and is characterized in that the top of the shielding beam is hinged to the top beam, and the bottom of the shielding beam is hinged to the base.

[0068] refer to Figure 1 , further comprising a support jack 10, the top end of the support jack 10 being hinged to the side of the top beam 1 close to the shield beam 2, and the bottom end of the support jack 10 being hinged to the middle and lower part of the shield beam 2;

[0069] The bottom of the shield beam 2 is hinged to the base 3, and the bottom of the shield beam 2 gradually widens and thickens relative to the top;

[0070] When the column 5 is in a lower position, the column 5 can be tilted forward, and when the column 5 is in a higher position, the column 5 can be tilted backward.

[0071] The direct connection between the shield beam and the base enhances the overall structural stability of the hydraulic support. This robust connection effectively prevents displacement or tilting, maintaining a stable working surface, especially when the support must withstand significant roof pressure and lateral loads. The direct connection simplifies the force transmission path, allowing the pressure from the roof and goaf borne by the shield beam to be more directly and efficiently transferred to the base and ground, reducing force loss and stress concentration within the structure, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0072] Compared to indirect connections or complex linkages (four-bar linkages), direct connections can result in a simpler overall structure, making it easier to manufacture, install, and maintain. This reduces potential points of failure, lowering maintenance costs and complexity. The stable connection between the shield beam and the base helps reduce vibrations on the working face, providing a more stable working environment for other equipment such as shearers and conveyors, further improving mining efficiency and safety.

[0073] The widened and thickened design of the lower end of the shield beam, coupled with the direct connection to the base, can greatly enhance the support strength of the bottom of the shield beam, ensuring that when the column tilts backward or the top plate pressure changes drastically, the shield beam can still provide sufficient resistance to protect other components of the hydraulic support from damage.

[0074] Balancing jacks provide the necessary support and position adjustment between the lower and middle sections of the shield beam and the upper section of the roof beam. Combined with the bottom of the shield beam being directly and securely connected to the widened and thickened base, this structural innovation not only ensures stable support for the shield beam but also provides a solid base for the columns. This design allows the columns to tilt backward as needed while maintaining overall structural stability, achieving a more optimal roof support angle and a greater telescoping ratio. This allows the hydraulic support to adapt to various complex geological conditions and improves the efficiency and safety of the hydraulic support.

[0075] During coal mining, the ground conditions are complex and varied, and the coal seams vary in inclination. The ability of the columns to tilt backward allows the hydraulic support to better adapt to working surfaces of varying inclinations, especially in mining steeply inclined coal seams, maintaining stable support and ensuring safe and efficient operations. The backward tilting feature allows the columns to form a support angle that better matches the roof when extended. This effectively distributes roof pressure, reduces localized stress concentrations, prevents roof collapse, and improves support stability and reliability. With a large column telescopic ratio, the hydraulic support can adjust its height as needed, allowing it to operate effectively in low-lying roadways while also providing adequate support in high-ceiling conditions. This flexibility expands the equipment's applicability and improves mining efficiency. During frame transfer operations, the backward tilt of the columns and their large telescopic ratio allow the hydraulic support to more easily navigate uneven ground or debris in mined areas, reducing the risk of equipment jamming, ensuring continuous operation, and minimizing downtime. Through optimized support angle and height adjustment capabilities, the column can distribute the load more evenly and reduce damage caused by excessive force at a single point, thereby extending the life of the equipment and reducing maintenance and parts replacement costs.

[0076] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0077] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0078] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is “above” or “below” a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, when a first feature is “above,” “above,” or “above” a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is “below,” “below,” or “below” a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0079] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0080] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal blocking device for a hydraulic support, the hydraulic support comprising at least a shield beam (2) and a base (3), characterized in that: The coal blocking device comprises a first coal blocking mechanism (6), a second coal blocking mechanism (7), a third coal blocking mechanism (8) and a fourth coal blocking mechanism (9), wherein the first coal blocking mechanism (6) is arranged on both sides of the base (3), the second coal blocking mechanism (7) is detachably connected to one end of the base (3) close to the shielding beam (2), the third coal blocking mechanism (8) is arranged at one end of the base (3) away from the shielding beam (2), and the fourth coal blocking mechanism (9) is arranged on the base (3) and located above the third coal blocking mechanism (8).

2. The coal blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coal blocking mechanism (6) comprises a main door (61) and a secondary door (62) that is slidably matched with the main door. The main door (61) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base (3). The main door (61) is a cavity structure with an opening at one end away from the shielding beam (2). The secondary door (62) can slide along the length direction of the main door (61) and can be accommodated in the cavity structure.

3. The coal blocking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first coal blocking mechanism (6) also includes a push-pull rod (63) and a plurality of pull rod seats (64) arranged at the top of the main door (61) along the length direction of the main door (61), one end of the push-pull rod (63) is fixedly connected to the auxiliary door (62), and the other end of the push-pull rod (63) passes through the plurality of pull rod seats (64) and is movably connected to the plurality of pull rod seats (64); the push-pull rod (63) is movably arranged along the distribution direction of the pull rod seats (64).

4. The coal blocking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stopper (65) is provided at the end of the push-pull rod (63), and the size of the stopper (65) is larger than the through hole size of the pull rod seat (64) away from the shielding beam (2); the stopper (65) is provided with a first positioning hole (66) in the vertical direction, and the first positioning hole (66) corresponds to the second positioning hole (67) at the top of the main door (61), and the position is fixed by a limit pin.

5. The coal blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second coal blocking mechanism (7) is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the shielding beam (2), and the frame of the second coal blocking mechanism (7) is arranged outside the base (3) and the side wall of the shielding beam (2).

6. The coal blocking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third coal blocking mechanism (8) is installed above the push rod (4) and located at the end of the base (3) to block the space between the push rod (4) and the base (3); the third coal blocking mechanism (8) comprises a rubber component (81) and a connecting component (82) located at the end of the rubber component (81); the connecting component (82) is embedded in a mounting groove (83) provided on the base (3); and the rubber component (81) is in contact with the peripheral wall of the push rod (4).

7. The coal blocking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth coal blocking mechanism (9) comprises a coal blocking frame (91) and a coal blocking door (92) hinged to the coal blocking frame (91); the coal blocking frame (91) is mounted on the top end of the base (3) away from the end of the shielding beam (2); and the coal blocking door (92) can be opened in a direction away from the shielding beam (2).

8. The coal blocking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fourth coal blocking mechanism (9) and the third coal blocking mechanism (8) are parallel and both face away from the shielding beam (2); the fourth coal blocking mechanism (9) and the first coal blocking mechanism (6) are perpendicular to each other and their ends are close to each other or connected by snapping.

9. A hydraulic support, characterized in that: The hydraulic support includes the coal blocking device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, as well as a top beam (1), a push jack, a push rod (4) and a column (5); the upper part of the column (5) is hinged to the top beam (1), the lower part of the column (5) is hinged to the base (3), one end of the push jack is hinged to the push rod (4), and the other end of the push jack is hinged to the base (3), and is characterized in that the top of the shielding beam (2) is hinged to the top beam (1), and the bottom of the shielding beam (2) is hinged to the base (3).

10. The hydraulic support according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hydraulic support further comprises a supporting jack (10), the top end of the supporting jack (10) being hinged to a side of the top beam (1) close to the shield beam (2), and the bottom end of the supporting jack (10) being hinged to the middle and lower part of the shield beam (2); The bottom of the shielding beam (2) is hinged to the base (3), and the bottom of the shielding beam (2) gradually widens and thickens relative to the top; When the column (5) is in a lower position, the column (5) can be tilted forward, and when the column (5) is in a higher position, the column (5) can be tilted backward.

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