Conveying device with adjustable distance between single-rail grippers and conveying device of paper bag machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of paper bag making machines, and discloses a single-rail gripper spacing-adjustable conveying device and a conveying device of a paper bag making machine. The conveying device with the adjustable single-rail gripper spacing comprises a conveying guide rail along the x axis, a plurality of sets of telescopic manipulators sharing the same conveying power source are arranged on the conveying guide rail, a gripper mounting seat of each set of telescopic manipulators is matched with a sliding rail seat, and the sliding rail seat is provided with at least two sets of limiting parts which extend along the y axis and are partially or completely overlapped; the lifting grippers on the two sides of the y axis of the same gripper mounting seat are matched with the limiting parts through adjusting sliding blocks and can be fixed to different positions of the limiting parts so as to adjust the distance. The conveying device of the paper bag machine comprises the conveying device with the adjustable single-rail gripper distance, the conveying path of the conveying device at least passes through a rope threading device and an opening folding device, and the conveying device is further connected with a conveying mechanical arm. The distance between the grippers can be adjusted in a telescopic mode, the occupied space is small, the device can adapt to the width change of materials, and the conveying stability and accuracy and the production efficiency and the product quality of the bag making machine are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of paper bag making machines, in particular to a conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing on a single track and a conveying device of a paper bag making machine. Background Art

[0002] In traditional conveying devices, especially in the production process of center-sealed paper bag making machines, the bag conveying device plays a vital role. The robot in the prior art is usually equipped with two slide rails extending along the x-axis direction, which poses many problems when there are many workstations. For example, the parallelism of the robots on both sides of the sheet in the y-axis direction is difficult to ensure, and when the size of the sheet needs to be fine-tuned, it is difficult to make precise adjustments. Moreover, if the guide rails are slightly bent inward or outward, the robot will pull and deform the sheet. In addition, when the width of the bag sheet changes, the traditional conveying device cannot adapt flexibly, occupies a large space, and is not conducive to improving production efficiency and space utilization. In order to solve the problems in the prior art such as the difficulty in ensuring the parallelism of the robot, inaccurate size adjustment, easy-to-pull and deformed sheet, and large space occupation, a single-track conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing and a conveying device for a paper bag machine are needed. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing and a conveying device for a paper bag machine.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing on a single track includes a conveying guide rail arranged along the x-axis, with several groups of telescopic manipulators sharing a common conveying power source provided on the conveying guide rail. Each group of telescopic manipulators includes a gripper mounting seat, which slides with the sliding conveying guide rail via the conveying power source. The gripper mounting seat is equipped with a slide rail seat, which is provided with at least two groups of limit portions extending along the y-axis or evenly arranged along the y-axis. The slide rail seat can be integral or split. If split, the slide rail seats can be fixedly connected or configured to slide relative to each other, thereby further increasing the adjustment range. The two groups of limit portions can partially or completely overlap in the horizontal direction.

[0006] A lifting gripper is mounted on either side of the same gripper mounting base along the y-axis. Each lifting gripper is connected to an adjustment slider. The adjustment slider cooperates with a limiter and can be fixed at different positions within the limiter to change the distance between the lifting grippers on both sides along the y-axis. There are multiple ways to achieve overlap. The limiters can be set upside down or front to back, but the horizontal stroke must overlap. When used for conveying small materials, the spacing between the lifting grippers can be less than the width of the adjustment slider, or even completely overlap. Because the two sets of limiters can partially or completely overlap horizontally, when adjusting the two lifting grippers for large materials, the maximum spacing between the lifting grippers is slightly less than the sum of the total length of the limiter and the adjustment sliders on both sides. Even at this maximum spacing, the lifting grippers or the adjustment sliders will not collide with the frame. The width of each lifting gripper along the y-axis can be increased by the adjustment slider, thereby improving conveying and adjustment stability.

[0007] Preferably, each group of gripper mounting seats is driven by a magnetic connection with the conveying guide rail or by a conveyor belt fixing block or by a screw nut, and the conveying power source drives the conveying guide rail to drive the gripper mounting seats to move.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting portion is a slide rail or groove extending along the y-axis direction on the slide rail seat, or grooves or holes evenly arranged along the y-axis direction, and the adjusting slider and the limiting portion are locked by bolts or bumps.

[0009] Preferably, the limiter is a recessed or protruding rail provided on the rail seat, and the gripper mounting seat is equipped with a telescopic power source. This provides a structural basis for the telescopic movement of the telescopic manipulator, and the telescopic power source can drive the lifting gripper to perform telescopic movements, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the automatic adjustment movement during the production process.

[0010] Preferably, limiting parts are provided on both the front and back sides of the slide rail seat, and the lifting grips on each side are respectively connected with adjusting sliders, which are transmission-connected to the telescopic power source and slide on the limiting parts on the front and back sides respectively under the drive of the telescopic power source.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic power source includes a power belt and a telescopic drive device that drives the power belt to rotate. A movable mounting block is mounted on the power belt, and the adjustment slider is connected to or integrally formed with the movable mounting block. The combination of the power belt and the telescopic drive device as the telescopic power source offers a simple structure and stable transmission, and can precisely drive the adjustment slider to slide on the limit portion, thereby achieving telescopic adjustment of the lifting gripper.

[0012] Preferably, the movable mounting blocks on the front and rear sides of the limiter are mounted on opposite sides of the power belt. This mounting method allows the lifting grippers on the front and rear sides to move synchronously in the forward and reverse directions under the drive of the power belt, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the spacing adjustment of the lifting grippers on both sides.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting parts of the multiple telescopic manipulators on the conveying guide rail are arranged parallel to each other, ensuring that the motion trajectories of the telescopic manipulators on the conveying guide rail are consistent, avoiding motion interference and unstable sheet conveying caused by non-parallel slide rail seats.

[0014] The conveying device of the paper bag machine includes a conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing on a single track. The conveying device is mounted on a frame. The conveying path of the conveying device passes through at least a rope threading device and a folding device. The conveying guide rail is provided with several groups of telescopic manipulators that move between the various devices. The lifting grippers on both sides can be adjusted toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction. The conveying device also includes a connecting conveying robot between the folding device and the forming device, and the connecting conveying robot is connected to the telescopic manipulator at the end of the conveying guide rail for transportation. By providing lifting grippers that can move toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction, it can accommodate bag sheets of different heights. When the width of the bag sheet changes, the lifting grippers on both sides can flexibly adjust the spacing to reduce the space occupied. At the same time, several groups of telescopic manipulators move back and forth on the conveying guide rail to achieve efficient conveying of the bag between the various devices. The provision of the connecting conveying robot ensures a smooth connection between the folding device and the forming device.

[0015] Preferably, the bag conveying device's conveying path passes through one or more of the following devices: a header carding device, a quality inspection device, and a rope reinforcement device on the machine frame. This allows the bag conveying device to have more diverse functions. Bags can be passed through different devices to achieve various processes such as header carding, quality inspection, and rope reinforcement, depending on actual production needs. This improves the production flexibility and product quality of the bag-making machine.

[0016] Preferably, the machine further includes a workbench for placing bag sheets, with a workbench provided on either side of the bag sheet in the y-axis direction. The workbench on either side can be closed or opened along the y-axis. The workbench is mounted on an adjustable track and can be closed or opened according to the width of the bag sheet. This, combined with the telescopic function of the telescopic manipulator, improves adaptability to bag sheets of varying sizes.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the utility model has significant technical effects: the telescopic double-grip conveying device has a telescopic adjustment of the gripper spacing, and the space occupied by the device is reduced synchronously after it is reduced. The gripper intermittently moves back and forth, and multiple devices can move on the same track. The telescopic manipulator can adapt to the changes in the width of the bag sheet. When the size of the conveyed material is very small, the adjustment sliders on both sides can overlap in the horizontal direction. The center distance between the lifting grippers will become very small, greatly reducing the occupied space. When the size of the conveyed material is large, the lifting grippers can also be adjusted to the end of the limit part respectively, so as to fully utilize the space and avoid collision with the frame. At the same time, the device improves the stability and accuracy of bag conveying, and ensures the production efficiency and product quality of the bag making machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the telescopic manipulator;

[0020] Figure 3 It is the structural diagram of the other side of the structural diagram of the telescopic manipulator;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a side view of the conveying device of the paper bag machine;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a top view of the conveying device of the paper bag machine.

[0023] The names of the parts indicated by the numerical labels in the above drawings are as follows: 1. Frame; 13. Workbench; 14. Header card device; 21. Conveyor guide rail; 22. Telescopic manipulator; 221. Lifting gripper; 222. Gripper mounting seat; 223. Telescopic power source; 2231. Power belt; 2232. Telescopic drive device; 2233. Mobile mounting block; 224. Slide rail seat; 225. Limiting part; 226. Adjusting slider; 23. Connecting conveyor manipulator; 3. Rope threading device; 4. Quality inspection device; 5. Folding device; 6. Forming device; 8. Rope body reinforcement device; 90. Bag sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] A conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing and a conveying device for a paper bag machine, such as Figure 1-5As shown, the conveying guide rail 21 is arranged along the x-axis. The conveying guide rail 21 is provided with several groups of telescopic manipulators 22 that share a common conveying power source. Each group of telescopic manipulators 22 includes a gripper mounting base 222 that slidably cooperates with the sliding conveying guide rail 21 via the conveying power source. The gripper mounting base 222 is equipped with a slide rail base 224. The slide rail base 224 is provided with at least two groups of limiters 225 that extend along the y-axis or are evenly arranged along the y-axis. The two groups of limiters 225 can partially or completely overlap in the horizontal direction. A lifting gripper 221 is mounted on both sides of the same gripper mounting base 222 in the y-axis direction. Each lifting gripper 221 on each side is connected to an adjustment slider 226. The adjustment slider 226 cooperates with the limiter 225 and can be fixed at different positions on the limiter 225 to change the distance between the lifting grippers 221 on both sides in the y-axis direction. The slide rail seat 224 can be integrally formed or split, and it only needs to be ensured that it is on the same gripper mounting seat 222. If it is split, the slide rail seats can be fixedly connected to each other, or can be set to slide relative to each other, which plays a role in further increasing the adjustment range. The monorail of the present invention does not necessarily mean that there is only one conveying guide rail 21, but refers to only the same conveying power source and the same gripper mounting seat 222. Therefore, even if there are multiple conveying guide rails 21, as long as multiple parts of the integrated or integrated gripper mounting seat 222 are respectively coordinated with different conveying guide rails 21 to drive the telescopic manipulator 22 to move, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] By providing lifting grippers 221 that can move toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction, it is possible to adapt to materials of different widths. The lifting grippers 221 on both sides can flexibly adjust the spacing to reduce occupied space.

[0028] Each lifting gripper 221 can include one or more suction cups connected to a negative pressure source to obtain and put down materials, or it can be clamped by a robot. There are many ways to lift and lower materials. One is to use a lifting power source such as a cylinder or a motor to directly drive the lifting, or it can be achieved by rotating a swing arm or a connecting rod.

[0029] Each set of gripper mounting seats 222 is connected to the conveyor rail 21 through a magnetic connection, a conveyor belt fixing block, or a screw nut. The power source drives the conveyor rail 21 to move the gripper mounting seats 222. The power rail structure occupies less space than traditional mechanical transmission structures, is simple and neat, and helps reduce the space occupied by the machine body.

[0030] Among them, the method of magnetic connection is also called magnetic levitation conveyor line, magnetic drive ring conveyor line, dynamic magnetic conveyor line, ring linear motor, etc., which uses programmable software configuration to replace the traditional structure of a modular conveying system, modular motor unit, and the spacing between each telescopic manipulator 22 can be set, which can be composed of ferry type, up and down return type and other line bodies, thereby achieving the speed and flexibility of conveying automation. The conveying rail is the bearing structure of the magnetic levitation conveyor line, which is composed of permanent magnets or coils. The gripper mounting seat 222 has a levitator, which is a device for suspending materials and is composed of permanent magnets or coils. The power rail can provide power for the movement of the telescopic manipulator. The power rail can make the power drive position and time control very precise, and the structure of the power rail occupies less space than the traditional mechanical transmission structure. The structure is simple and neat, which is conducive to reducing the space occupied by the body.

[0031] In the method of fixed connection through the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt can be a belt or a conveyor chain, and each group of gripper mounting seats 222 has a fixed block mounted on the conveyor belt. The conveying power source drives the conveyor belt to rotate, thereby driving the gripper mounting seat 222 to move.

[0032] Through the combination of screw and nut, the conveying guide rail 21 includes a screw, and the gripper mounting seat 222 is equipped with a nut. The screw can rotate, thereby driving the nut to move axially, thereby realizing the movement of the gripper mounting seat 222 along the y-axis direction.

[0033] The limiting portion 225 is a concave or convex slide rail provided on the slide rail seat 224 , and the gripper mounting seat 222 is equipped with a telescopic power source 223 .

[0034] Limiting parts 225 are provided on both the front and back sides of the slide rail seat 224, and the lifting grip 221 on each side is respectively connected to an adjusting slider 226. The adjusting slider 226 is transmission-connected to the telescopic power source 223 and slides on the limiting parts 225 on the front and back sides respectively under the drive of the telescopic power source 223.

[0035] The telescopic power source 223 can be a motor-driven synchronous belt, a screw nut, or other conventional means known to those skilled in the art. As one possible implementation, the telescopic power source 223 includes a power belt 2231 and a telescopic drive device 2232 that drives the power belt 2231. A movable mounting block 2233 is mounted on the power belt 2231, and the adjustment slider 226 is connected to or integrally formed with the movable mounting block 2233. The combination of the power belt 2231 and the telescopic drive device 2232 as the telescopic power source 223 offers a simple structure and stable transmission, enabling precise movement of the adjustment slider 226 on the limiter 225 to achieve telescopic adjustment of the lifting gripper 221.

[0036] The movable mounting blocks 2233 on the front and back sides of the limiting portion 225 are respectively mounted on opposite sides of the power belt 2231. This mounting method enables the lifting grips 221 on the front and back sides to move forward and backward synchronously under the drive of the power belt 2231, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the spacing adjustment of the lifting grips 221 on both sides.

[0037] The limiting parts 225 of the plurality of telescopic manipulators 22 on the conveying guide rail 21 are arranged parallel to each other.

[0038] During adjustment, the material is placed on the workbench 13 for processing. According to the width of the material, the lifting grippers 221 on both sides are driven to move toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction through the telescopic power source 223 to adjust the gripper spacing to achieve a minimum width of 0 and a maximum width slightly smaller than the sum of the total length of the limit part and the adjustment sliders on both sides.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Similar to Example 1, this embodiment is not shown in the figure. The only difference lies in the arrangement of the limiter 225 on the rail seat 224 and the adjustment method of the adjustment slider 226. In this embodiment, the telescopic power source 223 is omitted. The limiter 225 is a rail or groove extending along the y-axis on the rail seat 224, or grooves or holes evenly spaced along the y-axis. The adjustment slider 226 is locked to the limiter 225 via bolts or protrusions. A worker manually locks the groove or rail to a certain portion of the groove or rail according to the required width. The limiter lock is achieved by matching the bolt or protrusion on the adjustment slider 226 with a specific groove or hole shape. This allows the lifting manipulator to adjust the distance according to the material's width along the y-axis.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The conveying device of the paper bag machine, such as Figure 4-5As shown, the conveying device 2 includes a single-track conveying device 2 with adjustable gripper spacing, similar to that of Example 1 or 2. The conveying device 2 is mounted on a frame 1. The conveying path of the conveying device 2 passes through at least a rope threading device 3 and a folding device 5. A plurality of groups of telescopic manipulators 22 are provided on the conveying guide rail 21, which move between the various devices. The lifting grippers 221 on both sides can be adjusted toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction. The conveying device 2 also includes a connecting conveying manipulator 23 between the folding device 5 and the forming device 6. The connecting conveying manipulator 23 is connected to the telescopic manipulator 22 at the end of the conveying guide rail 21 for conveying. By providing lifting grippers 221 that can move toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction, it can accommodate materials of different widths, especially bag sheets of different widths. When the width of the bag sheet changes, the lifting grippers 221 on both sides can flexibly adjust the spacing to reduce the occupied space. At the same time, several groups of telescopic manipulators 22 move back and forth on the conveying guide rails 21 to achieve efficient conveying of the bag body between various devices. The setting of the connecting conveying manipulator 23 ensures the smooth connection between the folding device 5 and the forming device 6.

[0043] In one embodiment, the conveying path of the bag conveying device 2 passes through one or more of the header carding device 14, the quality inspection device 4, and the rope reinforcement device 8 on the frame 1. This makes the bag conveying device 2 more versatile. According to actual production needs, the bag can pass through different devices to complete various processes such as header carding, quality inspection, and rope reinforcement, thereby improving the production flexibility and product quality of the bag making machine.

[0044] The machine also includes a workbench 13 for placing the bag sheet 90. A workbench 13 is provided on either side of the bag sheet 90 along the y-axis, and the workbench 13 on each side can be closed or opened along the y-axis. The workbench 13 on each side can be closed or opened according to the width of the bag sheet 90. This, combined with the telescopic function of the telescopic manipulator 22, improves adaptability to bag sheets of varying sizes. When processing smaller bags, the workbench can be closed to reduce the machine's footprint.

[0045] Bag sheet 90 is placed on workbench 13. Depending on the width of the bag sheet 90, a telescopic power source 223 drives the lifting grippers 221 on either side to move toward or away from each other in the y-axis, adjusting the gripper spacing. A telescopic manipulator 22 intermittently reciprocates on the conveyor rail 21, conveying the bag through the stringing device 3, the header clamping device 14, the quality inspection device 4, the folding device 5, the rope reinforcement device 8, and other devices. Because the folding device 5 and the forming device 6 are located between them due to the mold of the forming device, the conveying device needs to give way to the forming device. Finally, the bag is conveyed to the forming device 6 for forming by the connecting conveyor manipulator 23. During the conveying process, the power rail provides power for the telescopic manipulator 22's movement along the x-axis, ensuring efficient conveying. Furthermore, the coordinated operation of these devices enables automated production of center-sealed paper bags. After processing the previous bag, the telescopic manipulator reverses its motion, returns to the previous station, and then picks up the bag and transfers it to the next station, repeating the cycle.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "length," "width," "thickness," "up," "down," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," etc., indicating positions or positional relationships, are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. The x-axis is the direction of the assembly line extension of different devices, the y-axis is the direction of the line connecting the bag openings on both sides of the bag body sheet, the y-axis is perpendicular to the x-axis, and both the x-axis and y-axis directions are located in the horizontal plane. These terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention patent.

Claims

1. A conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing on a single track, characterized in that: The invention comprises a conveying guide rail (21) arranged along the x-axis direction, a plurality of telescopic manipulators (22) sharing the same conveying power source are arranged on the conveying guide rail (21), each telescopic manipulator (22) comprises a gripper mounting seat (222), the gripper mounting seat (222) is slidably matched with the sliding conveying guide rail (21) through the conveying power source, the gripper mounting seat (222) is equipped with a slide rail seat (224), and the slide rail seat (224) is provided with at least two groups of limiting portions (225) extending along the y-axis direction or evenly arranged along the y-axis direction, and the two groups of limiting portions (225) can partially or completely overlap in the horizontal direction; Lifting grippers (221) are respectively installed on both sides of the same gripper mounting seat (222) in the y-axis direction. The lifting grippers (221) on each side are respectively connected to an adjustment slider (226). The adjustment slider (226) cooperates with the limiting portion (225) and can be fixed at different positions of the limiting portion (225) to change the distance between the lifting grippers (221) on both sides in the y-axis direction.

2. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each group of gripper mounting seats (222) is respectively connected and driven with the conveying guide rail (21) through magnetic force, or connected and driven through a conveyor belt fixing block, or connected and driven through a screw nut, and the conveying power source drives the conveying guide rail (21) to drive the gripper mounting seat (222) to move.

3. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting portion (225) is a slide rail or groove extending along the y-axis direction on the slide rail seat (224), or grooves or holes evenly arranged along the y-axis direction. The adjusting slider (226) and the limiting portion (225) are locked by bolts or bumps.

4. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting portion (225) is a concave or convex slide rail provided on the slide rail seat (224), and the gripper mounting seat (222) is equipped with a telescopic power source (223).

5. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 4, characterized in that: Limiting portions (225) are provided on both the front and rear sides of the slide rail seat (224), and the lifting gripper (221) on each side is respectively connected to an adjusting slider (226). The adjusting slider (226) is transmission-connected to the telescopic power source (223) and slides on the limiting portions (225) on the front and rear sides respectively under the drive of the telescopic power source (223).

6. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic power source (223) comprises a power belt (2231) and a telescopic driving device (2232) for driving the power belt (2231) to rotate. A movable mounting block (2233) is mounted on the power belt (2231). The adjusting slider (226) is connected to or integrally formed with the movable mounting block (2233).

7. The monorail conveying device with adjustable gripper spacing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable mounting blocks (2233) located on the front and back sides of the limiting portion (225) are respectively mounted on the opposite sides of the power belt (2231).

8. The conveying device of the paper bag machine is characterized in that: The invention comprises a conveying device (2) with adjustable spacing of monorail grippers as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the conveying device (2) is mounted on a frame (1), and the conveying path of the conveying device (2) passes through at least a rope threading device (3) and a folding device (5), and a plurality of groups of telescopic manipulators (22) are provided on the conveying guide rail (21) for moving between the various devices, and the lifting grippers (221) on both sides can be adjusted toward or away from each other in the y-axis direction.

9. The conveying device of the paper bag machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conveying device (2) further includes a connecting conveying robot (23) between the folding device (5) and the forming device (6), and the connecting conveying robot (23) is connected to the telescopic robot (22) located at the end of the conveying guide rail (21) for conveying.

10. The conveying device of the paper bag machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The conveying path of the bag conveying device (2) passes through one or more devices among the header clamping device (14), the quality inspection device (4), and the rope reinforcement device (8) on the frame (1).

11. The conveying device of the paper bag machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a workbench (13) for placing the bag body sheet (90), and the workbench (13) is respectively provided on both sides of the bag body sheet (90) in the y-axis direction, and the workbench (13) on both sides can be closed or opened along the y-axis direction.

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