Heavy truck top hanging type battery pack locking mechanism

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile battery charging and replacing, and particularly relates to a heavy truck top hanging type battery pack locking mechanism which is arranged on a battery bottom support of a heavy truck and comprises a locking seat, a driving mechanism and a locking claw, and the driving mechanism and the locking claw are installed on the locking seat. The locking seat is fixedly mounted on the battery bottom support; the head end of the locking claw is rotationally mounted on the locking seat; the middle part of the locking claw is rotationally connected with the driving mechanism through a flitch plate; and the tail end of the locking claw is a free end and extends from the interior of the locking seat to the exterior of the battery pack locking mechanism. According to the battery pack locking mechanism, the flitch is introduced to form a connecting rod structure between the locking claw and the driving mechanism, so that the torque is increased, the locking effect is improved, the moving stroke of the locking claw is reduced, and the structure of the whole battery pack locking mechanism is more compact; and meanwhile, the connecting rod structure enables the locking claw to form a dead point in a locking state, the locking block is locked, and the locking stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of charging and replacing batteries for new energy vehicles, and specifically relates to a top-hanging battery pack locking mechanism for heavy trucks. Background Art

[0002] During the battery replacement process of heavy-duty new energy vehicles, the battery pack is installed in the battery frame, the battery frame is lifted by the lifting mechanism and dropped onto the battery base, and then the battery pack is locked to the battery base through the locking mechanism.

[0003] The locking mechanism of the existing technology is often complex in structure and occupies a large space; and the traditional locking mechanism has poor locking effect and low reliability; at the same time, due to the heavy weight of the battery pack, it is easy to generate a great impact force on the battery pack during the lowering process, thereby causing damage to the battery pack and also causing the locking mechanism to fail. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a top-hanging battery pack locking mechanism for heavy trucks to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model discloses a heavy truck top hanging type battery pack locking mechanism, which is arranged on the battery bottom bracket of the heavy truck, including a locking seat, and a driving mechanism and a locking claw installed on the locking seat;

[0006] The locking seat is fixedly mounted on the battery base;

[0007] The locking claw includes a head end and a tail end that are oppositely arranged, and a middle portion located between the head end and the tail end;

[0008] The head end of the locking claw is rotatably mounted on the locking seat; the middle portion of the locking claw is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism; the tail end of the locking claw is a free end, extending from the interior of the locking seat to the exterior of the battery pack locking mechanism;

[0009] The locking seat includes a mounting plate, a middle plate, a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate, and a guide plate;

[0010] The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the battery base, and the middle plate is vertically fixedly connected to the mounting plate; the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly mounted above the middle plate; the guide plate is fixedly mounted above the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate; a cavity is formed between the mounting plate, the middle plate, the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the guide plate, and an opening is provided on the guide plate, and the locking claw is mounted in the cavity and extends from the opening to the outside of the locking seat;

[0011] A Hall sensor is mounted on the second vertical plate, and a magnet is mounted on a side of the locking claw facing the Hall sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the plate is connected to the middle portion of the locking claw via a first rotation axis, and the other end is connected to the drive mechanism via a second rotation axis. The third rotation axis forms the fixed rotation point of the battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention, while the first rotation axis forms the movable rotation point of the battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0013] Furthermore, the head end of the locking claw is rotatably connected to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate through a third rotation shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, a waist-shaped hole is provided at corresponding positions on the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate along the length direction thereof, and the second rotating shaft vertically passes through the waist-shaped hole.

[0015] Furthermore, a first rib plate and a second rib plate are fixedly installed on the two side edges below the middle plate, and the first rib plate and the second rib plate are respectively arranged parallel to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate; the driving mechanism is installed below the middle plate and is located between the first rib plate and the second rib plate; a through hole is provided in the middle of the middle plate, and the driving mechanism extends from the through hole into the cavity.

[0016] Furthermore, the guide plate includes a top plate and side plates, the top plate is fixedly installed above the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and the side plates extend obliquely downward from the top plate to form an oblique guide angle.

[0017] Furthermore, a leaf spring is installed on the mounting plate outside the locking seat, and a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the leaf spring.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) The battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention introduces a contact plate between the locking claw and the driving mechanism to form a connecting rod structure. The connecting rod structure increases the distance between the cylinder and the locking claw, increases the torque of the locking claw, thereby improving the locking effect and ensuring the reliability of the battery pack locking mechanism. At the same time, the use of the connecting rod structure reduces the moving stroke of the locking claw, making the structure of the entire battery pack locking mechanism more compact. In addition, the connecting rod structure causes the locking claw to form a dead point in the locked state, locks the locking block, and improves the locking stability.

[0021] (2) The battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention is equipped with a leaf spring on the outside of the locking seat, which can act as a buffer when the battery pack falls, reduce the impact force when the battery pack falls, ensure that the battery pack is not damaged, and avoid failure of the locking mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the battery pack locking mechanism.

[0023] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the battery pack locking mechanism.

[0024] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure of the battery pack locking mechanism behind the first riser and the second riser.

[0025] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure of the battery pack locking mechanism behind the first riser and the second riser.

[0026] Figure 5 : Side view of the battery pack locking mechanism behind the first and second risers.

[0027] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the structure in which the battery frame and battery base are separated.

[0028] Figure 7 : Schematic diagram of the structure with the battery frame and battery base in the locked state.

[0029] Among them: 1. Battery base; 2. Battery frame; 21. Locking block; 3. Locking seat; 4. Locking claw; 41. Head end; 42. Tail end; 43. Middle part; 44. Clamping groove; 5. Sticking plate; 6. First rotating axis; 7. Second rotating axis; 8. Cylinder; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Middle plate; 33. First vertical plate; 34. Second vertical plate; 35. Guide plate; 36. Waist-shaped hole; 37. First rib plate; 38. Second rib plate; 39. Limiting plate; 351. Top plate; 352. Side plate; 9. Hall sensor; 10. Magnet; 11. Leaf spring; 12. Third rotating axis. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] like Figure 1-7 , respectively provide the structural schematic diagrams and installation and use schematic diagrams of the heavy truck top hanging type battery pack locking mechanism from different angles. A heavy truck top hanging type battery pack locking mechanism is provided on the battery base 1 of the heavy truck, including a locking seat 3, and a driving mechanism and a locking claw 4 installed on the locking seat 3;

[0032] The locking seat 3 is fixedly mounted on the battery base 1;

[0033] The locking claw 4 includes a head end 41 and a tail end 42 that are arranged opposite to each other, and a middle portion 43 located between the head end 41 and the tail end 42; the head end 41 of the locking claw 4 is rotatably mounted on the locking seat 3; the middle portion 43 of the locking claw 4 is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism; the tail end 42 of the locking claw 4 is a free end, extending from the inside of the locking seat 3 to the outside of the battery pack locking mechanism.

[0034] The middle portion 43 of the locking claw 4 is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism via the plate 5 . One end of the plate 5 is connected to the middle portion 43 of the locking claw 4 via a first rotation shaft 6 , and the other end is connected to the driving mechanism via a second rotation shaft 7 .

[0035] Specifically, in a specific embodiment, the first rotating shaft 6 is arranged to rotate in the thickness direction of the middle part 43 of the locking claw 4. In order to make the movement of the locking claw 4 more stable, the number of the stickers 5 is 2, which are respectively located on both sides of the middle part 43 of the locking claw 4, and each is rotatably connected to one end of the first rotating shaft 6.

[0036] The driving mechanism can be selected from air cylinder, hydraulic oil cylinder, electric push rod, etc., preferably air cylinder. The piston rod end of the air cylinder 8 and the plate 5 are both sleeved on the second rotating shaft 7, thereby realizing the connection between the plate 5 and the driving mechanism.

[0037] The locking seat 3 includes a mounting plate 31, a middle plate 32, a first vertical plate 33, a second vertical plate 34, and a guide plate 35; the mounting plate 31 is fixedly mounted on the battery base 1, and the middle plate 32 is vertically fixedly connected to the mounting plate 31; the first vertical plate 33 and the second vertical plate 34 are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly mounted above the middle plate 32; the guide plate 35 is fixedly mounted above the first vertical plate 33 and the second vertical plate 34; a cavity is formed between the mounting plate 31, the middle plate 32, the first vertical plate 33, the second vertical plate 34 and the guide plate 35, and the locking claw 4 is mounted in the cavity, and an opening is provided on the guide plate 35, and the locking claw 4 is mounted in the cavity and extends from the opening to the outside of the locking seat 3.

[0038] The head end 41 of the locking pawl 4 is rotatably connected to the first and second risers 33 and 34 via the third rotation axis 12. A waist-shaped hole 36 is formed along the length of each of the first and second risers 33 and 34 at corresponding locations. The second rotation axis 7 vertically extends through these waist-shaped holes 36. A pin is provided at the end of the second rotation axis 7, located outside the waist-shaped hole 36, to ensure the stability of the second rotation axis 7 during movement.

[0039] The third rotation axis 12 forms a fixed rotation point of the battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention, and the first rotation axis 6 forms a movable rotation point of the battery pack locking mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] To lock the battery pack, cylinder 8 activates, pushing the piston rod upward. This drives second rotation axis 7 upward within waist-shaped hole 36, which in turn drives plate 5 to tilt upward. This upward movement of plate 5 pulls the middle portion 43 of locking pawl 4 to tilt toward the outside of locking seat 3 around the movable rotation point (i.e., first rotation axis 6). Simultaneously, the tail end 42 of locking pawl 4 moves toward the outside of locking seat 3 relative to the fixed rotation point (i.e., third rotation axis 12). To unlock the battery pack, cylinder 8 drives the piston rod in the opposite direction.

[0041] A first rib 37 and a second rib 38 are fixedly installed on the two side edges below the middle plate 32, and the first rib 37 and the second rib 38 are arranged parallel to the first vertical plate 33 and the second vertical plate 34 respectively; the cylinder 8 is installed below the middle plate 32 and is located between the first rib 37 and the second rib 38; a through hole is provided in the middle of the middle plate 32, and the piston rod of the cylinder 8 extends from the through hole into the cavity of the locking seat 3.

[0042] The guide plate 35 comprises a top plate 351 and side plates 352. The top plate 351 is fixedly mounted above the first and second risers 33 and 34. The side plates 352 extend downward from the top plate 351, forming a slanted guide angle that guides the battery pack during lowering. To ensure smooth lowering of the battery pack, the rear end 42 of the locking claw 4 is also provided with an inclined surface in the same direction as the guide angle.

[0043] A Hall sensor 9 is mounted on the second riser 34, and a magnet 10 is mounted on the locking pawl 4 facing the Hall sensor 9. When the locking pawl 4 moves, the Hall sensor 9 senses the change in distance from the magnet 10 and sends different signals to the control system, facilitating automated control of the system.

[0044] A leaf spring 11 is mounted on the mounting plate 31 outside the locking seat 3, and a limit plate 39 is fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the leaf spring 11. The leaf spring 11 has a buffering effect, which can reduce the impact force on the battery pack when the battery pack is lowered, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0045] Figure 6-7 The installation structure diagram and usage status diagram of the battery pack locking mechanism are given. It can be seen that a plurality of battery pack locking mechanisms are provided on the battery base 1. The specific number can be selected according to the actual application scenario. In a specific embodiment, the number of battery pack locking mechanisms arranged is 6.

[0046] The battery pack is installed in the battery frame 2. A locking block 21 is provided on the battery frame 2 at a position corresponding to the battery pack locking mechanism. When installing the battery pack, the battery frame 2 is lowered from directly above the battery base 1 through a sling. First, the battery frame 2 contacts the guide plate 35 of the battery pack locking mechanism for rough guidance, performing a first-level guide. Then, the battery frame 2 continues to fall, and the battery frame 2 contacts the positioning pin provided on the battery base 1 for a second-level guide. Subsequently, the battery frame 2 falls completely, the cylinder 8 is started, and the piston rod pushes the second rotating shaft 7 upward, thereby pushing the locking claw 4 to move outward to clamp the locking block 21, thereby clamping the battery in position.

[0047] In order to further improve the locking effect, a clamping groove 44 is provided below the tail end 42 of the locking claw 4. The clamping groove 44 has the same structure as the locking block 21. When locking the battery pack, the locking block 21 is completely clamped into the inside of the clamping groove 44, which can make the positioning of the battery pack more accurate.

[0048] When you need to remove the battery pack, just reverse the above steps.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the design concept of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism for a heavy truck, mounted on the battery base of the heavy truck, characterized by: It includes a locking seat, a driving mechanism and a locking claw installed on the locking seat; The locking seat is fixedly mounted on the battery base; The locking claw includes a head end and a tail end that are oppositely arranged, and a middle portion located between the head end and the tail end; The front end of the locking claw is rotatably mounted on the locking seat; the middle portion of the locking claw is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism via a plate; the rear end of the locking claw is a free end, extending from the interior of the locking seat to the exterior of the battery pack locking mechanism; The locking seat includes a mounting plate, a middle plate, a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate, and a guide plate; The mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the battery base, and the middle plate is vertically fixedly connected to the mounting plate; the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate are arranged in parallel and are respectively fixedly mounted above the middle plate; the guide plate is fixedly mounted above the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate; a cavity is formed between the mounting plate, the middle plate, the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate and the guide plate, and an opening is provided on the guide plate, and the locking claw is mounted in the cavity and extends from the opening to the outside of the locking seat; A Hall sensor is mounted on the second vertical plate, and a magnet is mounted on a side of the locking claw facing the Hall sensor.

2. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the sticking plate is connected to the middle part of the locking claw through a first rotating shaft, and the other end is connected to the driving mechanism through a second rotating shaft.

3. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The head end of the locking claw is rotatably connected to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate through a third rotation shaft.

4. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A waist-shaped hole is respectively provided at corresponding positions on the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate along the length direction thereof, and the second rotating shaft vertically passes through the waist-shaped hole.

5. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first rib plate and a second rib plate are fixedly installed on the two side edges below the middle plate, and the first rib plate and the second rib plate are respectively arranged parallel to the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate; the driving mechanism is installed below the middle plate and is located between the first rib plate and the second rib plate; a through hole is provided in the middle of the middle plate, and the driving mechanism extends from the through hole into the cavity.

6. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate includes a top plate and side plates. The top plate is fixedly installed above the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate. The side plates extend obliquely downward from the top plate to form an oblique guide angle.

7. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A leaf spring is installed on the mounting plate outside the locking seat, and a limiting plate is fixedly installed on the outer edge of the leaf spring.

8. The heavy truck top-mounted battery pack locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism is a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod.

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