Lubricating structure for main shaft of high-rotating-speed machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lubricating structure for a spindle of a high-rotating-speed machine tool, which relates to the technical field of spindle lubrication and comprises a spindle, an inner ring is arranged on the surface of the spindle, an outer ring is arranged on the outer side of the inner ring, balls are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, an oil cavity is arranged inside the outer ring, and the oil cavity is communicated with the inner ring. The front end of the outer ring penetrates through and is fixedly connected with an oil injection pipe, and an oil seepage mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism are arranged on the inner side of the outer ring. The oil seepage mechanism comprises an extrusion rod, an oil seepage groove and a sliding barrel, and the bottom of the extrusion rod is fixedly connected with the inner ring. Through cooperation of an extrusion rod, an inclined block and other assemblies, a sealing plate moves upwards to open an oil seepage groove to seep lubricating oil for lubrication, then the sealing plate moves downwards to restore and seal the oil seepage groove, and the lubricating effect is kept by intermittently seeping the lubricating oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of spindle lubrication, in particular to a lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle. Background Art

[0002] The high-speed spindle component is one of the most critical components of high-speed machine tools. At the same time, the design of the high-speed spindle unit is one of the key technologies to achieve high-speed machining. The types of high-speed spindle units mainly include electric spindles, pneumatic spindles, hydraulic spindles, etc. The output power of different types of spindles varies greatly. The high-speed spindle must complete speed increase and decrease in a very short time and stop quickly and accurately at the specified position, which places high demands on lubrication.

[0003] The utility model with publication number CN216633648U discloses a self-lubricating device for a machine tool spindle, including a spindle, a lubrication structure and an adjustment structure. The spindle is provided with an inner ring, and balls are distributed on the outer side of the inner ring. An outer ring is provided on the outer side of the inner ring. The balls are embedded between the inner ring and the outer ring, and are rollingly connected with the inner ring and the outer ring. The lubrication structure is located in the inner ring and is used to oil the balls. The adjustment structure is located in the inner ring and is used to adjust the oiling rate according to the spindle speed. In the above application document, the lubrication structure is driven to work by the force generated by the rotation of the spindle to send lubricating oil to the balls. The effect of adjusting the oiling rate by the force generated by the rotation of the spindle is poor, and the lubrication effect may not be achieved when the shaft speed is slow. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle, which solves the existing problems.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model is a lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle, comprising a spindle, an inner ring being provided on the surface of the spindle, an outer ring being provided on the outer side of the inner ring, a ball being provided between the inner ring and the outer ring, an oil cavity being provided inside the outer ring, an oil filling pipe being passed through and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer ring, an oil seepage mechanism and a pressurizing mechanism being provided on the inner side of the outer ring; the oil seepage mechanism comprising an extrusion rod, an oil seepage groove and a slide cylinder, the bottom of the extrusion rod being fixedly connected to the inner ring, the oil seepage groove being provided on the inner side of the outer ring, the top of the slide cylinder being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil cavity, a telescopic spring being provided inside the slide cylinder, the interior of the slide cylinder being slidably connected to a slide rod via the telescopic spring, the bottom of the slide rod being fixedly connected to a closing plate, and the bottom of the closing plate being fixedly connected to an inclined block.

[0007] Furthermore, the end of the extrusion rod away from the inner ring is an inclined surface, and the inclined block is located on the movement track of the extrusion rod. When the extrusion rod rotates with the inner ring, its inclined surface will squeeze the inclined surface of the inclined block and drive the inclined block to move upward.

[0008] Furthermore, the oil seepage groove is connected to the oil cavity, and the oil seepage groove is trapezoidal in shape as a whole, and the lubricating oil in the oil cavity can flow out through the oil seepage groove. The bottom opening of the trapezoidal oil seepage groove is smaller and the upper opening is larger.

[0009] Furthermore, the closing plate is located in the oil seepage groove, and the outer wall of the closing plate is initially in contact with the inner wall of the oil seepage groove. The closing plate will initially close the oil seepage groove, and when the closing plate moves upward, a gap will be generated between the closing plate and the inner wall of the oil seepage groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressurizing mechanism includes a pressurizing chamber, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer ring, and the internal piston of the pressurizing chamber is slidably connected to a piston rod, the top of the piston rod is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the closing plate, and the side of the pressurizing chamber is penetrated and fixedly connected with an intake pipe and an exhaust pipe, and a one-way valve is provided inside the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the end of the intake pipe away from the pressurized chamber is located outside the outer ring, and the end of the outlet pipe away from the pressurized chamber is located inside the oil cavity. The intake pipe can draw external air into the pressurized chamber, and the outlet pipe can discharge air into the oil cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the one-way valve in the intake pipe is unidirectionally conductive toward the interior of the pressurized chamber, and the one-way valve in the exhaust pipe is unidirectionally conductive toward the exterior of the pressurized chamber. When negative pressure is formed in the pressurized chamber, air will be sucked in through the intake pipe, and when the air in the pressurized chamber is squeezed, the air will be discharged through the exhaust pipe.

[0013] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The utility model is provided with an oil seepage mechanism, so that when the main shaft rotates and drives the inner ring to rotate, the closing plate will move upward through the cooperation of the extrusion rod, the inclined block and other components to open the oil seepage groove to seep out lubricating oil for lubrication, and then the closing plate will move downward to restore and close the oil seepage groove, and maintain lubrication by intermittently seeping out lubricating oil.

[0015] 2. The utility model is provided with a pressurizing mechanism, so that in the process of the closing plate repeatedly moving up and down to intermittently seep out the lubricating oil, the connecting rod, piston rod, pressurizing chamber and other components will cooperate to drive the suction pipe to absorb external air and discharge it into the oil cavity through the outlet pipe for pressurization, thereby preventing the lubricating oil from being unable to flow out through the oil seepage groove due to the tension of the lubricating oil liquid.

[0016] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the oil seepage mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the oil seepage mechanism structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pressurizing mechanism structure of the present utility model.

[0023] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0024] 1. Main shaft; 2. Inner ring; 3. Outer ring; 4. Ball bearing; 5. Oil chamber; 6. Oil filling pipe; 7. Oil seepage mechanism; 71. Extrusion rod; 72. Oil seepage groove; 73. Slide cylinder; 74. Telescopic spring; 75. Slide rod; 76. Closing plate; 77. Bevel block; 8. Pressurizing mechanism; 81. Pressurizing chamber; 82. Piston rod; 83. Connecting rod; 84. Intake pipe; 85. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] See also Figure 1-5The utility model is a lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle, including a spindle 1, an inner ring 2 is provided on the surface of the spindle 1, an outer ring 3 is provided on the outer side of the inner ring 2, and a ball 4 is provided between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3. An oil chamber 5 is opened inside the outer ring 3, and an oil filling pipe 6 is passed through and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer ring 3. An oil seepage mechanism 7 and a pressurizing mechanism 8 are provided on the inner side of the outer ring 3; the oil seepage mechanism 7 includes an extrusion rod 71, an oil seepage groove 72 and a slide cylinder 73. The bottom of the extrusion rod 71 is fixedly connected to the inner ring 2, the oil seepage groove 72 is opened on the inner side of the outer ring 3, the top of the slide cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil chamber 5, and a telescopic spring 74 is provided inside the slide cylinder 73. The interior of the slide cylinder 73 is slidably connected to a slide rod 75 through the telescopic spring 74. The bottom of the slide rod 75 is fixedly connected to a closing plate 76, and the bottom of the closing plate 76 is fixedly connected to an inclined block 77.

[0027] The end of the extrusion rod 71 away from the inner ring 2 is an inclined surface, and the inclined block 77 is located on the movement trajectory of the extrusion rod 71. When the extrusion rod 71 rotates with the inner ring 2, its inclined surface will squeeze the inclined surface of the inclined block 77 and drive the inclined block 77 to move upward.

[0028] The oil seepage groove 72 is connected to the oil chamber 5 and is trapezoidal in shape. The lubricating oil in the oil chamber 5 can flow out through the oil seepage groove 72 . The trapezoidal oil seepage groove 72 has a smaller bottom opening and a larger upper opening.

[0029] The closing plate 76 is located in the oil seepage groove 72 , and the outer wall of the closing plate 76 initially fits against the inner wall of the oil seepage groove 72 . The closing plate 76 initially closes the oil seepage groove 72 , and when the closing plate 76 moves upward, a gap is created between the closing plate 76 and the inner wall of the oil seepage groove 72 .

[0030] The pressurizing mechanism 8 includes a pressurizing chamber 81, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer ring 3. The internal piston of the pressurizing chamber 81 is slidably connected to the piston rod 82, and the top of the piston rod 82 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 83. The end of the connecting rod 83 away from the piston rod 82 is fixedly connected to the top of the closing plate 76. The side of the pressurizing chamber 81 is penetrated and fixedly connected with an intake pipe 84 and an exhaust pipe 85, and a one-way valve is provided inside the intake pipe 84 and the exhaust pipe 85.

[0031] The end of the intake pipe 84 away from the pressurized chamber 81 is located outside the outer ring 3, and the end of the outlet pipe 85 away from the pressurized chamber 81 is located inside the oil chamber 5. The intake pipe 84 can draw external air into the pressurized chamber 81, and the outlet pipe 85 can discharge air into the oil chamber 5.

[0032] The one-way valve in the intake pipe 84 is for one-way conduction toward the interior of the pressurized chamber 81, and the one-way valve in the outlet pipe 85 is for one-way conduction toward the exterior of the pressurized chamber 81. When negative pressure is formed in the pressurized chamber 81, air will be sucked in through the intake pipe 84, and when the air in the pressurized chamber 81 is squeezed, the air will be discharged through the outlet pipe 85.

[0033] A specific application of this embodiment is as follows: lubricating oil can be injected into the oil cavity 5 inside the outer ring 3 through the oil filling pipe 6, and then the oil filling pipe 6 is closed. When the main shaft 1 rotates, it will drive the inner ring 2 to rotate. The rotation of the inner ring 2 cooperates with the ball 4 to roll between the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 to reduce friction, and the rotation of the inner ring 2 will drive the extrusion rod 71 to rotate. When the extrusion rod 71 follows the rotation of the inner ring 2, its inclined surface will be squeezed to the inclined surface of the inclined block 77 and drive the inclined block 77 to move upward. The upward movement of the inclined block 77 will drive the closing plate 76 to move upward. The upward movement of the closing plate 76 drives the sliding rod 75 to move upward. The telescopic spring 74 is compressed, and when the closing plate 76 moves upward, a gap is generated with the inner wall of the oil seepage groove 72. At this time, the lubricating oil can flow out of the oil seepage groove 72 for lubrication. When the extrusion rod 71 moves away from the inclined block 77, the telescopic spring 74 returns to The spring drives the sliding rod 75, the closing plate 76 and the inclined block 77 to move downward and restore. At this time, the closing plate 76 closes the oil seepage groove 72 again, maintaining the lubrication effect by intermittently seeping out the lubricating oil. In the process of the closing plate 76 moving up and down to intermittently seep out the lubricating oil, the upward movement of the closing plate 76 will drive the piston rod 82 upward through the connecting rod 83. The upward movement of the piston rod 82 will form a negative pressure in the pressurizing chamber 81, so that the suction pipe 84 draws air into the pressurizing chamber 81. The closing plate 76 then moves downward and drives the piston rod 82 downward through the connecting rod 83. The downward movement of the piston rod 82 will squeeze the air in the pressurizing chamber 81 and discharge it into the oil chamber 5 through the air outlet pipe 85, increasing the air pressure in the oil chamber 5, and preventing the lubricating oil from being unable to flow out through the oil seepage groove 72 due to the tension of the lubricating oil liquid.

[0034] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all details in detail, nor do they limit the present invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle, comprising a spindle (1), characterized in that: An inner ring (2) is provided on the surface of the main shaft (1), an outer ring (3) is provided on the outer side of the inner ring (2), a ball (4) is provided between the inner ring (2) and the outer ring (3), an oil cavity (5) is provided inside the outer ring (3), an oil filling pipe (6) is passed through and fixedly connected to the front end of the outer ring (3), and an oil seepage mechanism (7) and a pressurizing mechanism (8) are provided on the inner side of the outer ring (3); The oil seepage mechanism (7) comprises an extrusion rod (71), an oil seepage groove (72) and a slide cylinder (73). The bottom of the extrusion rod (71) is fixedly connected to the inner ring (2). The oil seepage groove (72) is opened on the inner side of the outer ring (3). The top of the slide cylinder (73) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the oil chamber (5). A telescopic spring (74) is provided inside the slide cylinder (73). The inside of the slide cylinder (73) is slidably connected to a slide rod (75) via the telescopic spring (74). The bottom of the slide rod (75) is fixedly connected to a closing plate (76). The bottom of the closing plate (76) is fixedly connected to an inclined block (77).

2. A lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the extrusion rod (71) away from the inner ring (2) is an inclined surface, and the inclined block (77) is located on the movement track of the extrusion rod (71).

3. The lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil seepage groove (72) is communicated with the oil cavity (5), and the oil seepage groove (72) is trapezoidal in shape as a whole.

4. The lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The closing plate (76) is located in the oil seepage groove (72), and the outer wall of the closing plate (76) is in contact with the inner wall of the oil seepage groove (72) in an initial state.

5. The lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism (8) includes a pressurizing chamber (81), which is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer ring (3). The internal piston of the pressurizing chamber (81) is slidably connected to a piston rod (82), and the top of the piston rod (82) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (83). The end of the connecting rod (83) away from the piston rod (82) is fixedly connected to the top of the closing plate (76). An air intake pipe (84) and an air outlet pipe (85) are passed through and fixedly connected to the side of the pressurizing chamber (81), and a one-way valve is provided inside the air intake pipe (84) and the air outlet pipe (85).

6. The lubrication structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the air intake pipe (84) away from the pressurizing chamber (81) is located outside the outer ring (3), and one end of the air outlet pipe (85) away from the pressurizing chamber (81) is located inside the oil chamber (5).

7. A lubricating structure for a high-speed machine tool spindle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The one-way valve in the air intake pipe (84) is one-way conductive toward the interior of the pressurized chamber (81), and the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe (85) is one-way conductive toward the exterior of the pressurized chamber (81).

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