Cold head structure of Stirling cryocooler

Abstract

The cold head structure of the Stirling cryocooler comprises an outer cylinder body, a cold end heat exchanger, a heat regenerator and a hot end heat exchanger are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the outer cylinder body from the bottom to the opening portion, a porous metal pad is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder body, a medium can penetrate through the porous metal pad, and the porous metal pad is attached to the cold end heat exchanger. The middle of the cold-end heat exchanger, the middle of the heat regenerator and the middle of the hot-end heat exchanger are provided with installation openings used for containing air cylinder pipes, the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger each comprise a bent plate structure, a plurality of first fan-shaped ventilation holes and second fan-shaped ventilation holes are formed in the bent plate structures in an annular array mode, and the first fan-shaped ventilation holes and the second fan-shaped ventilation holes are arranged in a staggered mode. The corner end of the first fan-shaped vent hole faces outwards, the corner end of the second fan-shaped vent hole faces inwards, an external hot end radiator is arranged on the outer ring of the outer cylinder body, and the position of the hot end heat exchanger corresponds to that of the external hot end radiator. The refrigerator has the advantages of being high in refrigerating efficiency, convenient to produce and simple in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of Stirling refrigerators, and in particular relates to a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator. Background Art

[0002] A Stirling cooler is a mechanical refrigerator driven by electricity. ‌A Stirling cooler usually consists of a cold head and compressor, a radiator, a regenerator, a refrigerant circulation pipeline, a power supply, and a control system.‌

[0003] The cold head transfers heat to the cold end radiator through heat exchange, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling medium. The compressor is responsible for driving the refrigerant flow, and the radiator dissipates the heat from the hot end to the external environment to maintain the normal operation of the refrigerator. The regenerator is used to regulate the temperature of the medium. The refrigerant circulation pipeline is responsible for transporting the refrigerant from the cold head to the hot end and cold end radiator, forming a complete circulation system. The power supply and control system provide energy and control signals to ensure the normal operation of the refrigerator.

[0004] Stirling coolers offer the advantages of compact structure, wide operating temperature range, fast startup, high efficiency, and easy operation. Two-chamber coolers can reach temperatures up to 80K, while three-chamber coolers can reach temperatures between 10.5-20K.

[0005] The Stirling cycle, also known as the constant-volume regenerative cycle, is a thermodynamic cycle consisting of two isothermal processes and two isochoric regenerative processes. The reverse of this cycle, when used for refrigeration, is called the reverse Stirling cycle, or Stirling refrigeration cycle. A refrigerator operating according to the reverse Stirling cycle is called a Stirling refrigerator. Stirling refrigerators come in two types: integral and split.

[0006] Wire mesh regenerator is a typical porous medium, which is made of wire mesh sheets that are first formed and then stacked. Metal wire mesh has excellent heat transfer and flow properties, is easy to make and is low in price, making it the preferred material for regenerator fillers.

[0007] The problem with the existing technology is that the medium flows directly through the cold end and hot end of the Stirling cooler through the pipe, and the heat exchange between the medium and the cold end and the hot end is poor, which affects the cooling efficiency; some Stirling coolers are respectively equipped with heat exchangers at the cold end and the hot end. Although the heat exchange efficiency between the medium and the cold end and the hot end is improved, the installation and positioning of the heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are inconvenient, which affects product production. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator, which has the advantages of high refrigeration efficiency, convenient production and simple structure.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator, comprising an outer cylinder body, an inner wall of the outer cylinder body being provided with a cold-end heat exchanger, a regenerator, and a hot-end heat exchanger in sequence from the bottom to the mouth, a porous metal pad being provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder body for medium to pass through, the porous metal pad being in contact with the cold-end heat exchanger, a mounting opening for accommodating a cylinder tube being provided in the middle of the cold-end heat exchanger, the regenerator, and the hot-end heat exchanger, the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger both comprising a bent plate structure, a plurality of fan-shaped air vents 1 and fan-shaped air vents 2 being formed on the bent plate structure along a circular array, the fan-shaped air vents 1 and the fan-shaped air vents 2 being arranged alternately, the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 1 facing outward, and the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 2 facing inward, an external hot-end radiator being provided on the outer ring of the outer cylinder body, and the position of the hot-end heat exchanger corresponding to the external hot-end radiator.

[0010] In the above scheme, a cold-end heat exchanger is provided to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cold-end medium and the cold end of the outer cylinder, thereby improving the cooling effect of the cold end. The regenerator is used to store and recover heat to realize the Stirling refrigeration cycle. The hot-end heat exchanger is used to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the hot-end medium and the hot end of the outer cylinder. A porous metal pad is provided to limit the cold-end heat exchanger. The installation openings in the middle of the cold-end heat exchanger, the regenerator and the hot-end heat exchanger are used to install the cylinder tube. The cylinder tube is used to install a piston to drive the gas medium to move. The bent plate structure of the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped air holes 1 and fan-shaped air holes 2 to allow the gas medium to pass through, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the gas medium and the heat exchanger and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The bent plate structure is formed by bending the plate body to form a plurality of staggered fan-shaped air holes 1 and fan-shaped air holes 2. The manufacturing is simple and the structure is stable. An external hot-end radiator is provided to absorb the heat of the hot end of the outer cylinder and dissipate the heat outward, thereby reducing the temperature of the hot end.

[0011] Furthermore, the porous metal pad includes a disk body and an annular body arranged on the outer ring of the disk body, and the annular body is in contact with the cold end radiator.

[0012] The disc body and the ring body are provided to increase the heat exchange effect between the cold end gas medium and the cold end of the outer cylinder, thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency, and the cold end heat exchanger is supported by the ring body.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer ring of the mouth of the outer cylinder body is provided with a mounting structure, and the mounting structure is provided with a threaded hole for installing the compressor.

[0014] The compressor is installed by means of threaded holes in the mounting structure and tightening bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, a metal heat-conducting part is penetrated and provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder body, and two ends of the metal heat-conducting part are respectively connected to an external hot-end radiator and a hot-end heat exchanger.

[0016] By setting up a metal heat conducting part, the heat conduction efficiency between the external hot end radiator and the hot end heat exchanger is enhanced, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the hot end.

[0017] Furthermore, the cold-end heat exchanger, the regenerator, and the hot-end heat exchanger are all annular structures, and the mounting opening is circular.

[0018] The outer rings of the cold-end heat exchanger, the regenerator and the hot-end heat exchanger are in the same circular shape as the inner hole of the outer cylinder body, and the shapes of the mounting port and the cylinder pipe are in the same circular shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the regenerator comprises a wire mesh packing regenerator, and the size of the mounting opening matches the size of the cylinder tube. The wire mesh packing regenerator has a simple structure and good heat storage and heat recovery effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the fan-shaped vent hole 1 and the fan-shaped vent hole 2 are both arranged in parallel to the axial direction. The fan-shaped vent hole 1 and the fan-shaped vent hole 2 are arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the inner hole of the outer cylinder body to facilitate the flow of the gas medium.

[0021] Furthermore, the porous metal pad comprises a metal mesh structure. The metal mesh structure is simple to set up, and while facilitating the passage of the gas medium, it also increases the contact area with the gas medium, which is beneficial to heat exchange between the cold end of the outer cylinder and the gas medium.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. By setting up a porous metal pad and a cold end heat exchanger, the heat exchange efficiency between the cold end of the outer cylinder and the gas medium is increased. A hot end heat exchanger and an external hot end radiator are set up to improve the heat dissipation of the hot end and avoid the medium temperature from being too high, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the cold head;

[0024] 2. The cold end heat exchanger is positioned by setting a porous metal pad, which facilitates the assembly and production of the cold end heat exchanger, regenerator, and hot end heat exchanger;

[0025] 3. The metal heat conduction part is set to further enhance the heat conduction effect between the hot end heat exchanger and the external hot end radiator, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the medium and the cooling efficiency of the cold head;

[0026] 4. The overall structure is simple and easy to manufacture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural front view of a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-section at AA in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a structural stereogram of a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cold end heat exchanger in Example 1 of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation of a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the metal heat conducting portion in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a structural perspective diagram of the metal heat conducting portion in Example 2 of the present utility model;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Outer cylinder; 2. Cold-end heat exchanger; 3. Regenerator; 4. Hot-end heat exchanger; 5. Disc body; 6. Ring body; 7. Mounting port; 8. Cylinder tube; 9. Fan-shaped vent 1; 10. Fan-shaped vent 2; 11. External hot-end radiator; 12. Mounting structure; 13. Threaded hole; 14. Copper column; 15. Piston; 16. Copper sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms front, back, left, right, etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention or simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-5As shown, a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator comprises an outer cylinder 1, on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 are arranged a cold end heat exchanger 2, a regenerator 3, and a hot end heat exchanger 4 in sequence from the bottom to the mouth, the bottom of the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a porous metal pad that allows the medium to pass through, the porous metal pad is in contact with the cold end heat exchanger 2, the middle of the cold end heat exchanger 2, the regenerator 3, and the hot end heat exchanger 4 is provided with an installation port 7 for accommodating a cylinder tube 8, the cold end heat exchanger 2. The hot-end heat exchanger 4 includes a bent plate structure, on which are formed a plurality of fan-shaped air vents 9 and fan-shaped air vents 10 arranged along a circular array. The fan-shaped air vents 9 and fan-shaped air vents 10 are arranged alternately, with the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 9 facing outward and the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 10 facing inward. The outer ring of the outer cylinder body 1 is provided with an external hot-end radiator 11, and the position of the hot-end heat exchanger 4 corresponds to the external hot-end radiator 11.

[0037] In the above scheme, the cold end heat exchanger 2 is provided to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the cold end medium and the cold end of the outer cylinder 1, thereby improving the cold end refrigeration effect. The regenerator 3 is used to store and regenerate heat to realize the Stirling refrigeration cycle. The hot end heat exchanger 4 is used to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the hot end medium and the hot end of the outer cylinder 1. A porous metal pad is provided to limit the cold end heat exchanger 2. The installation port 7 in the middle of the cold end heat exchanger 2, the regenerator 3, and the hot end heat exchanger 4 is used to install the cylinder tube 8. The piston is installed in the cylinder tube 8 to drive the gas medium. Move, the bent plate structure of the cold-end heat exchanger 2 and the hot-end heat exchanger 4 is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped air vents 1 9 and fan-shaped air vents 2 10 for the gas medium to pass through, thereby increasing the heat exchange area between the gas medium and the heat exchanger and improving the heat exchange efficiency. The bent plate structure is formed by bending the plate body to form a plurality of staggered fan-shaped air vents 1 9 and fan-shaped air vents 2 10, which is simple to manufacture and has a stable structure. An external hot-end radiator 11 is provided to absorb the heat of the hot end of the outer cylinder 1 and dissipate the heat outward, thereby reducing the temperature of the hot end.

[0038] The porous metal pad comprises a metal mesh structure, and the porous metal pad is in contact with the bottom surface of the inner hole of the outer cylinder body 1 .

[0039] Furthermore, the porous metal pad includes a disk body 5 and an annular body 6 arranged on the outer ring of the disk body 5, and the annular body 6 is in contact with the cold end radiator.

[0040] The disc portion 5 and the ring portion 6 are provided to increase the heat exchange effect between the cold end gas medium and the cold end of the outer cylinder 1 , thereby improving the refrigeration efficiency. The cold end heat exchanger 2 is supported by the ring portion 6 .

[0041] The inner ring size of the ring body 6 is not less than the size of the installation opening 7 to avoid affecting the installation of the cylinder tube 8. The disc body 5 and the ring body 6 are both porous structures to facilitate the passage of gas media and provide heat exchange area.

[0042] Furthermore, a mounting structure 12 is provided on the outer ring of the mouth of the outer cylinder 1 , and a threaded hole 13 for installing the compressor is opened on the mounting structure 12 .

[0043] The compressor is installed by means of threaded holes 13 of the mounting structure 12 and fastening bolts.

[0044] The compressor includes a motor, a cylinder tube 8 , and a piston movably arranged in the cylinder tube 8 .

[0045] Furthermore, the cold-end heat exchanger 2 , the regenerator 3 , and the hot-end heat exchanger 4 are all annular structures, and the mounting opening 7 is circular.

[0046] The outer rings of the cold-end heat exchanger 2 , the regenerator 3 , and the hot-end heat exchanger 4 are all in the same circular shape as the inner hole of the outer cylinder 1 , and the mounting port 7 and the cylinder tube 8 are all in the same circular shape.

[0047] Furthermore, the regenerator 3 comprises a wire mesh packing regenerator 3, and the size of the mounting opening 7 matches the size of the cylinder tube 8. The wire mesh packing regenerator 3 has a simple structure and good heat storage and heat recovery effect.

[0048] Furthermore, the fan-shaped vent hole 1 9 and the fan-shaped vent hole 2 10 are both arranged in parallel to the axial direction. The fan-shaped vent hole 1 9 and the fan-shaped vent hole 2 10 are arranged in parallel to the axial direction of the inner hole of the outer cylinder body 1 to facilitate the flow of the gas medium.

[0049] Furthermore, the porous metal pad comprises a metal mesh structure. The metal mesh structure is simple to set up, and while facilitating the passage of the gas medium, it also increases the contact area with the gas medium, which is beneficial to heat exchange between the cold end of the outer cylinder 1 and the gas medium. Example 2

[0050] like Figure 6-7 As shown, a cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator in this embodiment is further modified as follows based on the first embodiment:

[0051] Furthermore, a metal heat-conducting part is penetrated and provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder body 1 , and two ends of the metal heat-conducting part are respectively connected to the external hot-end radiator 11 and the hot-end heat exchanger 4 .

[0052] The metal heat conducting portion is provided to enhance the heat conduction efficiency between the external hot end radiator 11 and the hot end heat exchanger 4 , thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the hot end.

[0053] The metal heat conducting portion comprises a copper pin 14 and copper sheets 14 disposed at both ends of the copper pin 14. The cross-section of the copper pin structure is H-shaped, and the metal heat conducting portion is welded to the outer cylinder 1. A plurality of mounting holes are provided along the sidewall of the outer cylinder 1, and the copper pins 14 are disposed in these mounting holes.

[0054] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator, characterized in that: The heat exchanger comprises an outer cylinder body, on the inner wall of which a cold-end heat exchanger, a heat regenerator and a hot-end heat exchanger are sequentially arranged from the bottom to the mouth; the bottom of the outer cylinder body is provided with a porous metal pad for medium to pass through, the porous metal pad is fitted with the cold-end heat exchanger, and the middle parts of the cold-end heat exchanger, the heat regenerator and the hot-end heat exchanger are provided with a mounting port for accommodating the cylinder tube; the cold-end heat exchanger and the hot-end heat exchanger both comprise a bent plate structure, on which a plurality of fan-shaped air vents 1 and fan-shaped air vents 2 are formed along a circular array, the fan-shaped air vents 1 and the fan-shaped air vents 2 are staggered, the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 1 face outward, and the corner ends of the fan-shaped air vents 2 face inward, an external hot-end radiator is provided on the outer ring of the outer cylinder body, and the position of the hot-end heat exchanger corresponds to the external hot-end radiator.

2. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous metal pad comprises a disk body portion and an annular body portion arranged on the outer ring of the disk body portion, and the annular body portion is in contact with the cold end radiator.

3. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the mouth of the outer cylinder body is provided with a mounting structure, and the mounting structure is provided with a threaded hole for mounting the compressor.

4. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal heat-conducting part is penetrated and provided on the side wall of the outer cylinder body, and two ends of the metal heat-conducting part are respectively connected to an external hot-end radiator and a hot-end heat exchanger.

5. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regenerator comprises a wire mesh filler regenerator, and the size of the mounting port matches the size of the cylinder pipe.

6. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold end heat exchanger, the regenerator and the hot end heat exchanger are all annular structures, and the mounting opening is circular.

7. The cold head structure of a Stirling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directions of the fan-shaped vent hole 1 and the fan-shaped vent hole 2 are both arranged parallel to the axial direction.

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