Large-aperture telescope performance state rapid detection system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of telescope detection, in particular to a large-aperture telescope performance state rapid detection system, which comprises a plane mirror device and a rapid detection device, and is characterized in that the plane mirror device is arranged at a preset position of an object space of a large-aperture telescope; the rapid detection device is arranged at a preset position of an image space of the large-aperture telescope and comprises a box body, a laser, a laser beam expander assembly, a spatial filter assembly, a beam splitter prism assembly and a light spot quality analyzer. A light beam emitted by the laser sequentially passes through the laser beam expander, the spatial filter and the beam splitter prism, enters the large-aperture telescope and is emitted; and the light beam is reflected by the plane mirror device and is emitted into the light spot quality analyzer through the beam splitter prism assembly. The large-aperture telescope performance detection device has the advantages that rapid detection of the performance state of the large-aperture telescope is realized through the plane mirror device and the rapid detection device, and a detection light path does not need to be additionally set up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of telescope detection, in particular to a fast detection system for the performance status of a large-aperture telescope. Background Art

[0002] As the pace of deep space exploration accelerates, telescope apertures are gradually increasing. Furthermore, as resolution increases, the aperture and weight of optical systems also increase, leading to increasingly significant weight and temperature deformation.

[0003] Whether it's a large-aperture telescope, ground-based or vehicle-mounted, the telescope itself will undergo subtle changes over time, due to temperature fluctuations, and environmental changes. Therefore, the industry urgently needs to address the challenges of quickly and conveniently testing the performance of large-aperture telescopes before use, and promptly outputting any performance changes to ensure they maintain a consistent state before each use. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to provide a fast detection system for the performance status of a large-aperture telescope, which realizes that the detection optical path shares the same optical path with the large-aperture telescope through a plane reflector device and a fast detection device.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system, comprising: a large-aperture telescope, the large-aperture telescope comprising a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a folding reflector; a plane reflector device, the plane reflector device being arranged at a preset position in the object space of the large-aperture telescope; the plane reflector device being used to form a self-collimating optical path and reflect the light beam; a rapid detection device, the rapid detection device being arranged at a preset position in the image space of the large-aperture telescope, so that the optical axis of the rapid detection device is coaxial with the optical axis of the large-aperture telescope; a rapid detection device. The speed detection device includes a housing, and a laser, a laser beam expander assembly, a spatial filter assembly, a beam splitter prism assembly and a spot quality analyzer arranged in the housing; the light beam emitted by the laser passes through the laser beam expander assembly, the spatial filter assembly and the beam splitter prism assembly in sequence and enters the large-aperture telescope; the large-aperture telescope emits the light beam, which is received by a plane reflector device; the plane reflector device forms a self-collimating optical path and reflects the light beam back to the large-aperture telescope, and the large-aperture telescope emits the returned light beam into the beam splitter prism assembly, and the beam splitter prism assembly then emits the returned light beam into the spot quality analyzer.

[0006] Furthermore, the plane reflector device includes a plane reflector, a reflector frame, a reflector bracket and a pressure plate. The plane reflector is arranged in the reflector frame. The reflector bracket and the pressure plate are respectively connected to the reflector frame and are located on one side of the non-reflective surface of the plane reflector; wherein the surface of the pressure plate facing the plane reflector abuts against the non-reflective surface.

[0007] Furthermore, three first bosses are evenly arranged on the inner annular surface of the reflector frame, and three second bosses are provided on the bottom annular surface of the reflector frame at positions corresponding to the projections of the three first bosses; first connecting ears are symmetrically arranged on the top outer circumference of the reflector frame; the reflecting surface of the plane reflector is placed on the second bosses; and the pressure block is connected to the upper surface of the first bosses.

[0008] Furthermore, the reflector bracket includes a connecting beam and second connecting ears provided at both ends of the connecting beam, the second connecting ears being connected to the first connecting ears;

[0009] Furthermore, the box body includes a base plate, an upper shell and two handles. The upper shell is arranged on the base plate, and the two handles are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the upper shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the laser beam expander assembly includes a laser beam expander and a beam expander bracket, the incident end of the laser beam expander is connected to the output end of the laser, and the beam expander bracket is arranged at the output end of the laser beam expander; the beam expander bracket includes a base and a circular clamping assembly, and the base is connected to the substrate; the circular clamping assembly includes a first arc clamping member and a second arc clamping member, the first arc clamping member is arranged on the base, and the second arc clamping member is connected to the first arc clamping member for clamping the laser beam expander.

[0011] Furthermore, the spatial filter assembly includes a spatial filter and a filter bracket. The spatial filter is arranged on the filter bracket, and the filter bracket is connected to the substrate.

[0012] Furthermore, the beam splitter prism assembly includes a beam splitter prism and a prism bracket. The prism bracket is an L-shaped bracket. The horizontal surface of the L-shaped bracket is connected to the base plate. The beam splitter prism is arranged on the vertical surface of the L-shaped bracket.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: through the plane reflector device and the rapid detection device, the detection optical path and the large-aperture telescope share the same optical path, and there is no need to build an additional detection optical path; at the same time, the aperture of the standard plane reflector device is smaller than that of the large-aperture telescope, and the performance status of the large-aperture telescope can be detected without covering the entire aperture of the large-aperture telescope, which simplifies the structure of the large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system, reduces the cost and difficulty of large-aperture telescope performance detection, and improves operational convenience and detection efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present invention, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the invention of the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a system for rapidly detecting the performance status of a large-aperture telescope according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plane reflector device provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reflector frame provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflector bracket provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rapid detection device provided according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a box provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 7 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam expander bracket provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 8 1 is a structural diagram of a beam splitter prism assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an analyzer bracket provided according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Reference numerals include: 1. large-aperture telescope; 11. primary mirror; 12. secondary mirror; 13. folding reflector; 2. plane reflector device; 21. plane reflector; 22. reflector frame; 221. first boss; 222. second boss; 223. first connecting ear; 23. reflector bracket; 231. connecting beam; 232. second connecting ear; 24. pressing plate; 3. rapid detection device; 31. housing; 311. base plate; 312. upper shell; 313. handle; 32 , laser; 33, laser beam expander assembly; 331, laser beam expander; 332, beam expander bracket; 333, base; 334, first arc clamp; 335, second arc clamp; 34, spatial filter assembly; 341, spatial filter; 342, filter bracket; 35, beam splitter prism assembly; 351, beam splitter prism; 352, prism bracket; 36, spot quality analyzer; 37, analyzer bracket; 371, connecting plate; 372, connecting bracket; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second" and the like may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal communication between two components. A person skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plane mirror assembly 2 and a rapid detection assembly 3. The plane mirror assembly 2 is positioned at a predetermined position in the object space of the large-aperture telescope 1. The plane mirror assembly 2 is used to form a self-collimating optical path and ensure beam reflection. The rapid detection assembly 3 is positioned at a predetermined position in the image space of the large-aperture telescope 1, such that the optical axis of the rapid detection assembly 3 is coaxial with the optical axis of the large-aperture telescope 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the ratio of the aperture of the plane mirror assembly 2 to the aperture of the large-aperture telescope 1 is less than 1:6.25, so the performance status of the large-aperture telescope 1 can be tested without covering the entire aperture of the large-aperture telescope 1. The large-aperture telescope 1 includes a primary mirror 11, a secondary mirror 12, and a folding reflector 13.

[0032] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the plane mirror device 2 includes a plane mirror 21, a mirror frame 22, a mirror bracket 23 and a pressure plate 24. The plane mirror 21 is arranged in the mirror frame 22. The mirror bracket 23 and the pressure plate 24 are respectively connected to the mirror frame 22 and are located on the side of the non-reflective surface of the plane mirror 21; wherein, the surface of the pressure plate 24 facing the plane mirror 21 abuts against the non-reflective surface of the plane mirror 21.

[0033] Furthermore, three first bosses 221 are evenly arranged on the inner annular surface of the reflector frame 22, and three second bosses 222 are arranged on the bottom annular surface of the reflector frame 22 at positions corresponding to the projections of the three first bosses 221; first connecting ears 223 are symmetrically arranged on the top outer circumference of the reflector frame 22; the plane reflector 21 is arranged in the reflector frame 22, and the reflecting surface of the plane reflector 21 is placed on the second bosses 222; the pressing block 24 is connected to the upper surface of the first bosses 221; the reflector bracket 23 includes a connecting beam 231 and second connecting ears 232 arranged at both ends of the connecting beam 231, and the second connecting ears 232 are connected to the first connecting ears 223;

[0034] In this embodiment, the pressing plate 24 is an arc-shaped plate, and the outer contour of the pressing plate 24 is adapted to the outer contour of the reflector frame 22 .

[0035] Figure 5 As shown, the rapid detection device 3 includes a housing 31 , and a laser 32 , a laser beam expander assembly 33 , a spatial filter assembly 34 , a beam splitter prism assembly 35 and a spot quality analyzer 36 arranged in the housing 31 .

[0036] The light beam emitted by the laser 32 passes through the laser beam expander assembly 33, the spatial filter assembly 34 and the spectroscopic prism assembly 35 in sequence and enters the large-aperture telescope 1; the light beam is emitted from the large-aperture telescope 1 and is received by the plane mirror 21 of the plane mirror device 2. The plane mirror device 2 forms a self-collimating optical path and reflects the light beam back to the large-aperture telescope 1. The large-aperture telescope 1 injects the returned light beam into the spectroscopic prism assembly 35, and the spectroscopic prism assembly 35 injects the returned light beam into the spot quality analyzer 36.

[0037] In this embodiment, the laser 32 is preferably a monochromatic visible light laser, and the laser power is greater than 800 milliwatts.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the box body 31 includes a base plate 311 , an upper shell 312 and two handles 313 . The upper shell 312 is arranged on the base plate 311 , and the two handles 313 are arranged on the upper surface of the upper shell 312 .

[0039] In this embodiment, in order to ensure the installation flatness of the laser 32, laser beam expander assembly 33, spatial filter assembly 34, spectrometer assembly 35 and spot quality analyzer 36, mounting bosses are provided on the upper surface of the substrate 311 at the positions corresponding to these components.

[0040] The laser beam expander assembly 33 includes a laser beam expander 331 and a beam expander bracket 332 . The incident end of the laser beam expander 331 is connected to the output end of the laser 32 , and the beam expander bracket 332 is arranged at the output end of the laser beam expander 331 .

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the beam expander bracket 332 includes a base 333 and a circular clamping assembly. The base 333 is connected to the substrate 311. The circular clamping assembly includes a first arc clamping member 334 and a second arc clamping member 335. The first arc clamping member 334 is set on the base 333, and the second arc clamping member 335 is connected to the first arc clamping member 334 to clamp the laser beam expander 331. In this embodiment, the laser beam expander 331 has a magnification greater than or equal to 10 times. For example, the diameter of the beam at the time of injection is 1 mm, and the diameter after beam expansion is greater than or equal to 10 mm. The base 333 and the first arc clamping member 334 are integrally formed.

[0042] The spatial filter assembly 34 includes a spatial filter 341 and a filter bracket 342 . The spatial filter 341 is disposed on the filter bracket 342 , and the filter bracket 342 is connected to the substrate 311 .

[0043] An elongated hole is provided on the filter bracket 342 for adjusting the position of the spatial filter 341 .

[0044] The spatial filter 341 is composed of a filter aperture and a microscope objective lens. The numerical aperture of the microscope objective lens of the spatial filter 341 can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0045] NA = 1 / (2 × F / #)

[0046] Wherein, NA is the numerical aperture of the microscope objective lens of the spatial filter 341 , and F / # is the F / # number of the large aperture telescope 1 .

[0047] The filter aperture diameter of the spatial filter 341 can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0048] 2Θ = (2λ) / (π × NA)

[0049] Wherein, Θ is the filter aperture radius of the spatial filter 341 , λ is the operating band of the laser 32 , and NA is the numerical aperture of the microscope objective lens of the spatial filter 341 .

[0050] After the light beam passes through optical elements such as plane reflectors 21 or lenses, its wavefront gradually deteriorates. Furthermore, due to the influence of small dust particles on the optical elements, diffraction rings that are not originally present in the observed object may be generated. Spatial filter 341 can remove the chaotic wavefront components in the light beam wavefront, resulting in a more perfect spherical wave. In the present invention, spatial filter 341 primarily serves two functions: first, beam reduction, i.e., changing the size of the light beam; and second, filtering, i.e., using the filter aperture to filter out high-frequency components to maintain the quality of the light spot.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the beam splitter prism assembly 35 includes a beam splitter prism 351 and a prism bracket 352. The prism bracket 352 is an L-shaped bracket. The horizontal surface of the L-shaped bracket 352 is connected to the base plate 311, and the beam splitter prism 351 is arranged on the vertical surface of the L-shaped bracket.

[0052] The beam splitter 351 has a 1:1 energy splitting ratio, meaning 50% is transmitted and 50% is reflected. Approximately 50% of the light passes directly through the prism at a specific angle or path, continuing its propagation path. The remaining 50% of the light is reflected by the prism's surface, changing its direction.

[0053] The height of the beam splitter prism 351 can be calculated according to the following formula:

[0054] 2D=2×L×NA

[0055] Wherein, D is half of the height of the beam splitter prism 351 , L is the distance from the spatial filter 341 to the beam splitter prism 351 , and NA is the numerical aperture of the microscope objective lens in the spatial filter 341 .

[0056] In this embodiment, the minimum measurable light beam of the spot quality analyzer 36 is 55 μm, the pixel size is ≤ 5.5 μm, and the phase plane resolution is ≥ 2048×2048.

[0057] like Figure 9 As shown, the spot quality analyzer 36 is connected to the base plate 311 via an analyzer bracket 37. The analyzer bracket 37 includes a connecting plate 371 and a connecting bracket 372. The connecting bracket 372 is disposed on the connecting plate 371, and the spot quality analyzer 36 is connected to the connecting bracket 372. Both the connecting plate 371 and the connecting bracket 372 are provided with waist-shaped holes for adjusting the position.

[0058] A method for rapidly detecting the performance status of a large-aperture telescope is implemented using the aforementioned system for rapidly detecting the performance status of a large-aperture telescope, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1. Place the plane mirror assembly 2 at a preset position in the object space of the large-aperture telescope 1. The preset position in the object space refers to the fixed position of the optical aperture of the large-aperture telescope 1 to be measured, with a position tolerance of less than 0.1 mm. Simultaneously, place the rapid detection device 3 at a preset position on the image plane of the large-aperture telescope 1 (i.e., near the image plane), aligning the optical axis of the rapid detection device 3 with the optical axis of the large-aperture telescope 1.

[0060] S2. Turn on laser 32. The light beam passes through laser beam expander assembly 33, spatial filter assembly 34, and beam splitter assembly 35 in sequence, entering large-aperture telescope 1. The light beam is emitted from large-aperture telescope 1 and received by plane mirror assembly 2. Plane mirror assembly 2 reflects the light beam back to large-aperture telescope 1. Large-aperture telescope 1 then directs the returned light beam into beam splitter assembly 35. From there, the light beam is directed into spot quality analyzer 36, forming a self-collimating optical path.

[0061] Specifically, the light beam passes through the laser beam expander 331 of the laser beam expander assembly 33, the spatial filter 341 of the spatial filter assembly 34, and the dichroic prism 351 of the dichroic prism assembly 35 in sequence, and is incident on the folding reflector 13 of the large-aperture telescope 1, and is incident on the secondary mirror 12 through the folding reflector 13, and then is incident on the primary mirror 11. The primary mirror 11 directs the light beam onto the plane reflector 21 of the plane reflector device 2, and the plane reflector 21 directs the light beam through the large-aperture telescope 1 to the dichroic prism 351, and the dichroic prism 351 directs the light beam into the spot quality analyzer 36.

[0062] S3. Open the analysis software of the spot quality analyzer 36 and adjust the position of the rapid detection device 3 along the optical axis according to the spot quality evaluated in the analysis software so that the image plane of the large-aperture telescope 1 is located at the filter aperture of the spatial filter 341 of the spatial filter assembly 34.

[0063] S4. In step S3, after the rapid detection device 3 is adjusted, the spot quality analyzer 36 measures and records the diameter of the received light spot and the position coordinates corresponding to the light spot.

[0064] S5. Compare the diameter and position coordinates of the light spot recorded by the light spot quality analyzer 36 in step S4 with the diameter and position coordinates of the light spot recorded after the initial adjustment of the large aperture telescope 1 to obtain the change in the performance status of the current large aperture telescope 1.

[0065] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model shall be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system, characterized in that: include: A plane reflector device, wherein the plane reflector device is arranged at a preset position in the object space of the large-aperture telescope; The plane reflector device is used to reflect the light beam to form a self-collimating light path; A rapid detection device, the rapid detection device being disposed at a preset position on the image plane of the large-aperture telescope such that the optical axis of the rapid detection device is coaxial with the optical axis of the large-aperture telescope; the rapid detection device comprising a housing, and a laser, a laser beam expander assembly, a spatial filter assembly, a beam splitter prism assembly, and a spot quality analyzer disposed within the housing; The light beam emitted by the laser passes through the laser beam expander assembly, the spatial filter assembly and the beam splitter assembly in sequence and enters the large-aperture telescope; the large-aperture telescope emits the light beam, which is received by the plane mirror device; the plane mirror device forms a self-collimating optical path and reflects the light beam back to the large-aperture telescope, and the large-aperture telescope injects the returned light beam into the beam splitter prism assembly, and the beam splitter prism assembly injects the returned light beam into the spot quality analyzer.

2. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plane reflector device includes a plane reflector, a reflector frame, a reflector bracket and a pressure plate. The plane reflector is arranged in the reflector frame. The reflector bracket and the pressure plate are respectively connected to the reflector frame and are located on one side of the non-reflective surface of the plane reflector; wherein the surface of the pressure plate facing the plane reflector abuts against the non-reflective surface.

3. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three first bosses are evenly arranged on the inner annular surface of the reflector frame, and three second bosses are provided on the bottom annular surface of the reflector frame at positions corresponding to the projections of the three first bosses; first connecting ears are symmetrically arranged on the top outer circumference of the reflector frame; the reflecting surface of the plane reflector is placed on the second bosses; and the pressing block is connected to the upper surface of the first bosses.

4. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflector bracket includes a connecting beam and second connecting ears arranged at both ends of the connecting beam, and the second connecting ears are connected to the first connecting ears.

5. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body includes a base plate, an upper shell and two handles. The upper shell is arranged on the base plate, and the two handles are arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the upper shell.

6. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser beam expander assembly includes a laser beam expander and a beam expander bracket. The incident end of the laser beam expander is connected to the output end of the laser, and the beam expander bracket is arranged at the output end of the laser beam expander; the beam expander bracket includes a base and a circular clamping assembly, and the base is connected to the substrate; the circular clamping assembly includes a first circular arc clamping member and a second circular arc clamping member, the first circular arc clamping member is arranged on the base, and the second circular arc clamping member is connected to the first circular arc clamping member for clamping the laser beam expander.

7. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The spatial filter assembly includes a spatial filter and a filter bracket. The spatial filter is arranged on the filter bracket, and the filter bracket is connected to the substrate.

8. The large-aperture telescope performance status rapid detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The beam splitter prism assembly includes a beam splitter prism and a prism bracket. The prism bracket is an L-shaped bracket. The horizontal surface of the L-shaped bracket is connected to the base plate. The beam splitter prism is arranged on the vertical surface of the L-shaped bracket.

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