Inner supporting type machining device for inner hole of fragile material

Abstract

The utility model provides a brittle material inner hole inner supporting type machining device which comprises a cross beam, a connecting plate, a clamping plate and a clamping plate. The two ends of the cross beam are each fixedly provided with a connecting plate. The inner supporting unit comprises a supporting seat, a motor, a screw rod, a stretching air cylinder and a plurality of expansion assemblies; the supporting seat is mounted on the cross beam and is internally provided with a cavity; the motor is mounted on one of the connecting plates; the screw is rotatably mounted on the supporting seat, and one end of the screw is in transmission connection with an output shaft of the motor; the expansion assembly is mounted on the supporting seat; the multiple expansion assemblies are distributed in an equally-spaced array mode in the direction parallel to the axis of the screw. The expansion assembly comprises a sleeve, a pull rod and an inner supporting chuck. The inner supporting chuck is inserted into the to-be-expanded hole of the product, expansion of the inner supporting chuck is achieved through the diameter difference of the pull rod, the device can effectively control stress distribution on the fragile material in the hole expanding process, and the cracking and fragmentation risks caused by too large stress are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of inner hole processing of brittle materials, in particular to an inner support type processing device for inner holes of brittle materials. Background Art

[0002] Brittle materials, such as ceramics, glass, and crystals, are prone to breakage during mechanical processing due to their high hardness and poor ductility, especially in internal hole processing. Traditional internal hole processing methods usually use external clamping or internal expansion, but these methods are prone to induce large internal stress when applied to brittle materials, leading to material damage. In addition, existing equipment has insufficient control over the internal support force, especially the lack of means to accurately adjust the expansion force, resulting in uneven force on the material during processing. At the same time, existing internal hole processing devices are less efficient in material fixing and hole expansion operations, and it is difficult to ensure processing accuracy when processing deep holes or small holes.

[0003] Existing internal support chucks have a relatively simple structure and lack sufficient elastic adjustment capabilities, resulting in poor adaptability when processing internal holes of different specifications. In addition, the top pressure unit and the internal support unit often lack coordination, causing the material to easily shift or deform during processing, thus affecting the processing effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an internal support type processing device for inner holes of brittle materials, which can effectively avoid material damage caused by excessive internal stress and improve processing accuracy and operating efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device, comprising:

[0007] A crossbeam, with a connecting plate fixedly provided at each end;

[0008] The internal support unit includes a support base, a motor, a screw, a stretching cylinder and multiple expansion components; the support base is installed on the crossbeam and has a cavity inside; the motor is installed on one of the connecting plates; the screw is rotatably installed on the support base, and one end is connected to the output shaft of the motor; the expansion component is installed on the support base; the multiple expansion components are distributed in an equidistant array along a direction parallel to the axis of the screw; the expansion component includes a sleeve, a pull rod and an internal support chuck; the sleeve is rotatably installed on the support base; the axis of the sleeve and the axis of the screw are perpendicular in space. ; A threaded groove that engages with the screw for transmission is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve; the upper end of the internal support chuck is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve; the axes of the internal support chuck and the sleeve coincide with each other; the pull rod is slidably installed in the internal support chuck; the upper end of the pull rod passes through the sleeve and extends to the upper part of the support seat; the lower part of the internal support chuck is provided with a plurality of expansion and contraction openings; the plurality of expansion and contraction openings are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the pull rod as the center; the diameter of the pull rod gradually decreases from the lower end to the upper end; the stretching cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the beam; the upper end of the pull rod is transmission-connected to the piston rod of the stretching cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a top pressure module; the top pressure module includes a top pressure mounting plate and multiple top pressure cylinders; the top pressure mounting plate is fixed on the crossbeam; the top pressure cylinder is fixed on the top pressure mounting plate; multiple top pressure cylinders are respectively arranged corresponding to multiple internal support chucks; a pressure head is installed on the piston rod of the top pressure cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a locking unit; the locking unit includes a locking mounting plate, a locking cylinder and a lower locking block; a positioning groove is provided on the crossbeam, and an upper locking block is installed in the positioning groove; the upper part of the support seat is provided with an upper locking groove adapted to the upper locking block, and one end of the upper locking block is clamped in the upper locking groove; the locking cylinder is fixed on the crossbeam; the locking mounting plate is fixed on the piston rod of the locking cylinder; the lower locking block is fixed on the locking mounting plate; the lower part of the support seat is provided with a lower locking groove adapted to the lower locking block, and one end of the lower locking block is clamped in the lower locking groove.

[0011] Preferably, there are two locking units, which are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeams on both sides of the top pressing module.

[0012] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is fixedly provided on the connecting plate; a mounting seat is provided on the motor, the mounting seat is fixed on one of the shaft sleeves, and the output shaft of the motor passes through the shaft sleeve.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] Reduce stress concentration during internal hole processing: By inserting the internal support chuck into the product's hole to be expanded and expanding the internal support chuck through the diameter difference of the pull rod, the device can effectively control the stress distribution on the brittle material during the hole expansion process, reducing the risk of cracking and fragmentation caused by excessive stress.

[0015] Improved machining accuracy and consistency: The pressing head of the top pressing module applies pressure from one side of the product, ensuring that the product is firmly fixed to the internal support chuck during processing, effectively preventing product shifting and improving machining accuracy. The expansion design of the internal support chuck can adapt to internal holes of different diameters, improving the adaptability and stability of the device.

[0016] Adjustable design improves versatility: The locking unit of this device can be adjusted to meet the needs of different products through the cooperation of upper and lower locking blocks, ensuring the device remains stable under different working conditions. In addition, the device can replace the internal support unit as needed to adapt to products of different specifications and materials.

[0017] The device is easy to operate and maintain: the modular design of the internal support unit and the sleeve structure on the connecting plate allow the entire device to be rotatably installed, making assembly and adjustment more convenient and maintenance simpler. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the internal support unit;

[0020] Figure 3 This is the internal structure diagram of the inner support unit;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial structural diagram of the locking unit;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the top pressure module.

[0023] in:

[0024] 1. Connecting plate; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Locking cylinder; 4. Pressing cylinder; 5. Upper locking block; 6. Positioning slot; 7. Motor; 8. Bushing; 9. Screw; 10. Support seat; 11. Pressing mounting plate; 12. Pull rod; 13. Sleeve; 14. Internal support chuck; 15. Expansion and contraction opening; 16. Locking mounting plate; 17. Lower locking block; 19. Press head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device includes:

[0027] The crossbeam 2 has a connecting plate 1 fixedly provided at each end thereof for supporting the structure of the entire device.

[0028] The internal support unit includes a support base 10, a motor 7, a screw 9, a stretching cylinder and multiple expansion components; the support base 10 is installed on the crossbeam 2 and is provided with a cavity inside; the motor 7 is installed on one of the connecting plates 1; the screw 9 is rotatably installed on the support base 10, and one end is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7; the expansion component is installed on the support base 10; multiple expansion components are distributed in an equidistant array along the direction parallel to the axis of the screw 9; the expansion component includes a sleeve 13, a pull rod 12 and an internal support chuck 14; the sleeve 13 is rotatably installed on the support base 10; the axis of the sleeve 13 and the axis of the screw 9 are perpendicular in space; a sleeve 13 is provided on the outer wall There is a threaded groove that meshes with the screw 9 for transmission; the upper end of the internal support chuck 14 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve 13; the axes of the internal support chuck 14 and the sleeve 13 coincide with each other; the pull rod 12 is slidably installed in the internal support chuck 14; the upper end of the pull rod 12 passes through the sleeve 13 and extends to the upper part of the support base 10; the lower part of the internal support chuck 14 is provided with a plurality of expansion and contraction openings 15; the plurality of expansion and contraction openings 15 are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the pull rod 12 as the center; the diameter of the pull rod 12 gradually decreases from the lower end to the upper end; the stretching cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the crossbeam 2; the upper end of the pull rod 12 is connected to the piston rod of the stretching cylinder for transmission to achieve tensioning or loosening control of the internal support chuck 14. After the motor 7 is started, it drives the screw 9 to rotate, and the sleeve 13 is driven by the screw 9 to rotate. The internal support chuck 14 rotates synchronously with the sleeve 13, which facilitates the separation of the internal support chuck 14 from the product. When the piston rod of the stretching cylinder pulls the pull rod 12 upward, the larger diameter portion of the lower end of the pull rod 12 enters the inner support chuck 14, causing it to expand outward, thereby controlling the accuracy of the hole expansion process.

[0029] In this embodiment, a top-pressing module is also included; the top-pressing module includes a top-pressing mounting plate 11 and multiple top-pressing cylinders 4; the top-pressing mounting plate 11 is fixed to the crossbeam 2; the top-pressing cylinders 4 are fixed to the top-pressing mounting plate 11; the multiple top-pressing cylinders 4 are respectively provided corresponding to the multiple internal support chucks 14; and a pressure head 19 is installed on the piston rod of the top-pressing cylinder 4. The top-pressing module applies appropriate external pressure to the processing material through the cooperation of the pressure heads 19 of the multiple top-pressing cylinders 4 and the internal support chucks 14, ensuring that the material does not move or deform during the processing process. The top-pressing module makes the force applied during the internal hole processing more uniform, effectively avoiding the hole wall rupture caused by uneven external force.

[0030] In this embodiment, a locking unit is also included; the locking unit includes a locking mounting plate 16, a locking cylinder 3, and a lower locking block 17; a positioning groove 6 is provided on the crossbeam 2, and an upper locking block 5 is installed in the positioning groove 6; an upper locking groove is provided on the upper portion of the support base 10 to match the upper locking block 5, and one end of the upper locking block 5 is clamped into the upper locking groove; the locking cylinder 3 is fixed to the crossbeam 2; the locking mounting plate 16 is fixed to the piston rod of the locking cylinder 3; the lower locking block 17 is fixed to the locking mounting plate 16; the lower portion of the support base 10 is provided with a lower locking groove to match the lower locking block 17, and one end of the lower locking block 17 is clamped into the lower locking groove. The locking cylinder 3 is used to fix the support base 10 to the crossbeam 2 via the lower locking block 17. The internal support unit can be replaced according to different product requirements.

[0031] In this embodiment, two locking units are configured, and the two locking units are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeam 2 on both sides of the top pressing module.

[0032] In this embodiment, a shaft sleeve 8 is fixedly provided on the connecting plate 1; a mounting seat is provided on the motor 7, and the mounting seat is fixed on one of the shaft sleeves 8. The output shaft of the motor 7 passes through the shaft sleeve 8. The shaft sleeve 8 provided on the connecting plate 1 enables the entire device to be rotatably installed.

[0033] Working principle:

[0034] The working principle of this device is based on the expansion and contraction mechanism of the internal support chuck 14, which realizes the hole expansion processing of the inner hole of brittle materials through a precise mechanical structure. Its core process is as follows:

[0035] Insertion of the inner support chuck 14: First, insert the inner support chuck 14 into the inner hole of the brittle material to be processed. The inner support chuck 14 is designed as an expandable structure to ensure that it can flexibly enter holes of different sizes.

[0036] Function of the top pressing die: The pressing head 19 of the top pressing die extends from one side of the product, gradually applies a pressing force to the product, and finally presses the product tightly against the inner support chuck 14. This process ensures the stable positioning of the product and provides a good foundation for subsequent hole expansion.

[0037] The function of the stretching cylinder: The piston rod in the stretching cylinder is connected to the pull rod 12. The movement of the piston rod drives the pull rod 12 up and down. The pull rod 12 has a larger diameter at the lower end and a smaller diameter at the upper end. When the pull rod 12 is pulled into the inner support chuck 14, the inner support chuck 14 begins to expand outward due to the mechanical action of the pull rod 12.

[0038] Expansion of the inner support chuck 14: As the pull rod 12 moves upward, the inner support chuck 14 expands outward at its expansion position. This structure ensures that the inner support chuck 14 does not cause excessive concentration of mechanical stress during expansion by designing the expansion and contraction opening 15 as a long strip, thereby ensuring smooth expansion.

[0039] Hole expansion: When the internal support chuck 14 is fully expanded, it clings to the inner wall of the product hole, gradually expanding the hole through precise mechanical action. The entire hole expansion process is smooth, preventing brittle materials from breaking due to excessive stress.

[0040] The locking cylinder 3 secures the support base 10 to the crossbeam 2 via the lower locking block 17, ensuring the stability of the entire assembly during the expansion process. The internal support unit can be replaced to accommodate products of different sizes or shapes depending on the processing requirements.

[0041] Rotatable shaft sleeve 8 design: The shaft sleeve 8 on the connecting plate 1 provides a rotatable mounting function for the device, ensuring that the device can be processed at different angles, thereby increasing the flexibility of processing.

[0042] Directions:

[0043] Install the inner support chuck 14: According to the inner hole size of the product to be processed, select a suitable inner support chuck 14 and install it on the device.

[0044] Product positioning: Fix the part of the brittle material to be processed on the workbench, and ensure that the inner hole of the product is aligned with the center position of the inner support chuck 14.

[0045] Insertion of the inner support chuck 14: Start the equipment and slowly insert the inner support chuck 14 into the inner hole of the product.

[0046] Start the pressing die set: operate the pressing die set to extend the pressing head 19 and gradually apply pressure to ensure that the product is pressed and fixed.

[0047] Stretching cylinder operation: Start the stretching cylinder, the piston rod begins to move upward, driving the pull rod 12 to stretch. At this time, the inner support chuck 14 begins to expand under the action of the pull rod 12 until the expansion requirement of the inner hole is met.

[0048] Hole expansion is completed: After the inner support chuck 14 is fully expanded and the inner hole is effectively expanded, the cylinder movement is stopped and the clamping force is released.

[0049] Product removal: Loosen the top pressing die, slowly pull out the inner support chuck 14, and remove the processed product.

Claims

1. A brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device, characterized in that: include: A crossbeam (2) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (1) at each end; The internal support unit comprises a support base (10), a motor (7), a screw (9), a stretching cylinder and a plurality of expansion components; the support base (10) is mounted on a crossbeam (2) and is provided with a cavity therein; the motor (7) is mounted on one of the connecting plates (1); the screw (9) is rotatably mounted on the support base (10), and one end is transmission-connected to the output shaft of the motor (7); the expansion component is mounted on the support base (10); the plurality of expansion components are distributed in an array in equal intervals along a direction parallel to the axis of the screw (9); the expansion component comprises a sleeve (13), a pull rod (12) and an internal support chuck (14); the sleeve (13) is rotatably mounted on the support base (10); the axis of the sleeve (13) and the axis of the screw (9) are perpendicular to each other in space; A thread groove is provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (13) for meshing with the screw (9); the upper end of the inner support chuck (14) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sleeve (13); the axes of the inner support chuck (14) and the sleeve (13) coincide with each other; the pull rod (12) is slidably installed in the inner support chuck (14); the upper end of the pull rod (12) passes through the sleeve (13) and extends to the upper part of the support seat (10); a plurality of expansion and contraction openings (15) are provided on the lower part of the inner support chuck (14); the plurality of expansion and contraction openings (15) are distributed in a circular array with the axis of the pull rod (12) as the center; the diameter of the pull rod (12) gradually decreases from the lower end to the upper end; the stretching cylinder is fixed to the upper end of the beam (2); the upper end of the pull rod (12) is transmission-connected to the piston rod of the stretching cylinder.

2. The brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a top pressure module; the top pressure module includes a top pressure mounting plate (11) and a plurality of top pressure cylinders (4); the top pressure mounting plate (11) is fixed on the crossbeam (2); the top pressure cylinders (4) are fixed on the top pressure mounting plate (11); the plurality of top pressure cylinders (4) are respectively provided corresponding to the plurality of inner support clamps (14); a pressure head (19) is installed on the piston rod of the top pressure cylinder (4).

3. The brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a locking unit; the locking unit includes a locking mounting plate (16), a locking cylinder (3) and a lower locking block (17); a positioning groove (6) is provided on the crossbeam (2), and an upper locking block (5) is installed in the positioning groove (6); an upper locking groove adapted to the upper locking block (5) is provided on the upper part of the support seat (10), and one end of the upper locking block (5) is clamped in the upper locking groove; the locking cylinder (3) is fixed on the crossbeam (2); the locking mounting plate (16) is fixed on the piston rod of the locking cylinder (3); the lower locking block (17) is fixed on the locking mounting plate (16); a lower locking groove adapted to the lower locking block (17) is provided on the lower part of the support seat (10), and one end of the lower locking block (17) is clamped in the lower locking groove.

4. The brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The locking units are configured in two, and the two locking units are symmetrically arranged on the crossbeam (2) on both sides of the top pressing module.

5. The brittle material inner hole internal support type processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (8) is fixedly provided on the connecting plate (1); a mounting seat is provided on the motor (7), the mounting seat is fixed on one of the shaft sleeves (8), and the output shaft of the motor (7) is provided through the shaft sleeve (8).

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