Damper and magneto-rheological shock absorber

Abstract

The damper comprises a piston shell, a magnetic core, a piston rod, a piston upper pressing plate, a piston lower pressing plate and a valve assembly, a gap between the magnetic core and the inner wall of the piston shell forms a main channel, and the piston upper pressing plate and the piston lower pressing plate are provided with an upper main through hole and a lower main through hole respectively. The main channel is respectively communicated with the upper main through hole and the lower main through hole; the piston rod penetrates through the piston upper pressing plate to be fixedly connected with the magnetic core, a secondary channel is formed in the magnetic core, the piston upper pressing plate and the piston lower pressing plate are provided with an upper secondary through hole and a lower secondary through hole respectively, the secondary channel is communicated with the upper secondary through hole and the lower secondary through hole respectively, and the valve assembly is arranged above the piston upper pressing plate. The valve assembly is of a normally-closed structure capable of opening the previous through hole under the action of magnetorheological fluid pressure. The magnetorheological damper is simple in structure, asymmetrical controllable damping force is achieved, and the problem that compression damping force and recovery damping force of a damper in an existing magnetorheological damper are asymmetrical is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a damper and a magnetorheological shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] Magnetorheological shock absorbers use magnetorheological fluid, a new type of intelligent material, as the working fluid of the shock absorber. An electromagnetic coil is wound around the shock absorber's piston shaft. The magnetic field generated by the coil acts on the magnetorheological fluid. By controlling the magnitude of the electromagnetic coil current, the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, achieving the purpose of adjustable damping. Magnetorheological fluid shock absorbers have a simple structure, rapid response, and continuously adjustable damping force, making them easy to control. Therefore, they have great theoretical research value and engineering application prospects. The damper in the existing magnetorheological shock absorber does not have asymmetric controllable damping characteristics. Under the same conditions, the damping force of the damper during restoring motion and compression motion remains basically the same. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a new magnetorheological shock absorber damper that can solve the problem of asymmetric compression and restoring damping force of the shock absorber. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a damper and a magnetorheological vibration damper, aiming to solve the problem of asymmetric compression and restoring damping forces of the damper in the existing magnetorheological vibration damper.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model discloses a damper, including a piston housing, a magnetic core, a piston rod, an upper piston pressure plate, a lower piston pressure plate and a valve assembly, wherein the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate fix the magnetic core in the piston housing at the upper and lower ends, and the gap between the magnetic core and the inner wall of the piston housing forms a main channel, the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate are respectively provided with an upper main through hole and a lower main through hole, and the main channels are respectively connected with the upper main through hole and the lower main through hole; the piston rod passes through the upper piston pressure plate and is fixedly connected to the magnetic core, a secondary channel is provided in the magnetic core, the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate are respectively provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole, and the secondary channels are respectively connected with the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the valve assembly is arranged above the upper piston pressure plate, the valve assembly is used to cover the upper through hole, and the valve assembly is a normally closed structure that can open the upper through hole under the action of magnetorheological fluid pressure.

[0005] Preferably, a plurality of secondary channels are provided in the magnetic core, and the piston upper pressure plate and the piston lower pressure plate are respectively provided with a plurality of upper through holes and a plurality of lower through holes, and the piston upper pressure plate and the piston lower pressure plate are connected to the secondary channels in a one-to-one correspondence; it also includes a plurality of throat plug groups, and the throat plug group includes throat plugs with the same number of secondary through holes, and the throat plugs are detachably installed in the secondary through holes, and throat plug through holes are provided in the throat plugs, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes of the throat plugs in the same throat plug group are the same, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes of the throat plugs in the two groups of throat plug groups are different.

[0006] Preferably, it further comprises a plug group, wherein the plug group includes plugs whose number is the same as the number of the next through holes, and the plugs are detachably installed in the next through holes.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes a sealing assembly, which includes an upper seal and a lower seal. The piston upper pressure plate is sealed to the upper part of the magnetic core through the upper seal; the piston lower pressure plate is sealed to the lower part of the magnetic core through the lower seal.

[0008] Preferably, the valve assembly includes a valve disc, a pre-stressed rebound member and a retaining frame, the valve disc is used to cover the previous through hole, the retaining frame is fixed on the piston rod, the two ends of the pre-stressed rebound member are respectively abutted against the valve disc and the retaining frame, and the pre-stressed rebound member is used to apply a warning force to the valve disc to keep the previous through hole in a normally closed state.

[0009] Preferably, two pressing surfaces are provided on the upper portion of the piston upper pressure plate, the upper through hole is provided between the two pressing surfaces, and the lower end surface of the valve plate is arranged to abut against the two pressing surfaces at the same time.

[0010] Preferably, a supporting step is provided between the two crimping surfaces.

[0011] Preferably, a bypass hole is provided on the valve plate, and the valve plate abuts against the two pressing surfaces under the action of the pre-compression rebound member, and the bypass hole is connected to the previous through hole.

[0012] The present application also provides a magnetorheological shock absorber, comprising a cylinder with an opening at one end, a guide seat being provided at the opening of the cylinder, and a damper as described above, wherein the damper divides the cylinder into a compression chamber and a rebound chamber, and the piston rod passes through the guide seat and extends out of the cylinder; the upper main through hole is connected to the rebound chamber; the lower main through hole and the lower through hole are both connected to the compression chamber.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the damper and magnetorheological shock absorber provided by the above technical solution, during the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid can flow through the main channel and enter the secondary channel. The magnetorheological fluid in the secondary channel opens the normally closed structure of the upper through hole under the action of the magnetorheological fluid, and the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively small; during the rebound stroke, the valve assembly closes the upper through hole, the magnetorheological fluid cannot flow through the secondary channel, and the magnetorheological fluid can only flow through the main channel. At this time, the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively large; the utility model has a simple structure, realizes asymmetric controllable damping force, and solves the problem of asymmetry between the compression and recovery damping forces of the damper in the existing magnetorheological shock absorber.

[0014] The present invention will become more clear through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are used to explain embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Shown is the overall structural diagram of the damper.

[0016] Figure 2 Shown Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA in the figure.

[0017] Figure 3 Shown is a structural separation diagram of the damper.

[0018] Figure 4 Shown is a structural separation diagram of the piston upper pressure plate and valve assembly.

[0019] Figure 5 Shown is a top view of the piston upper pressure plate.

[0020] Figure 6 Shown is a cross-sectional view of BB in 5.

[0021] Figure 7 Shown is a structural separation diagram of the piston lower pressure plate and throat plug.

[0022] Figure 8 Shown is a cross-sectional view of the piston lower pressure plate and throat plug after separation.

[0023] Figure 9 Shown is a cross-sectional view of a magnetorheological damper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present invention, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, implicitly specifying the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly specifying the order of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] refer to Figures 1 to 8 A damper includes a piston housing 100, a magnetic core 400, a piston rod 500, a piston upper pressure plate 300, a piston lower pressure plate 200 and a valve assembly. The piston upper pressure plate 300 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 fix the magnetic core 400 in the piston housing 100 at the upper and lower ends. The gap between the magnetic core 400 and the inner wall of the piston housing 100 forms a main channel 110. The piston upper pressure plate 300 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 are respectively provided with an upper main through hole 301 and a lower main through hole 201. The main channel 110 is respectively connected to the upper main through hole 301 and the lower main through hole 201. 1 is connected; the piston rod 500 passes through the piston upper pressure plate 300 and is fixedly connected to the magnetic core 400. A secondary channel 401 is provided in the magnetic core 400. The piston upper pressure plate 300 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 are respectively provided with an upper through hole 302 and a lower through hole 202. The secondary channel 401 is connected to the upper through hole 302 and the lower through hole 202 respectively. The valve assembly is provided above the piston upper pressure plate 300. The valve assembly is used to cover the upper through hole 302. The valve assembly is a normally closed structure that can open the upper through hole 302 under the pressure of the magnetorheological fluid. During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid can flow through the main channel 110 and enter the secondary channel 401. The magnetorheological fluid in the secondary channel 401 opens the normally closed structure of the upper through hole 302, such as Figure 2 As shown by the arrow in , the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively small at this time; during the rebound stroke, the valve assembly closes the upper through hole 302, the magnetorheological fluid cannot flow through the secondary channel 401, and the magnetorheological fluid can only flow through the main channel 110. At this time, the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively large; the utility model has a simple structure, realizes asymmetric controllable damping force, and solves the problem of asymmetry between compression and recovery damping forces of the damper in the existing magnetorheological shock absorber.

[0029] In one embodiment, a plurality of secondary channels 401 are provided in the magnetic core 400, and the piston upper pressure plate 300 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 are respectively provided with a plurality of upper through holes 302 and a plurality of lower through holes 202, and the piston upper pressure plate 300 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 are connected to the secondary channels 401 in a one-to-one correspondence; and a plurality of throat plug groups are also included, and the throat plug group includes throat plugs 210 whose number is the same as the lower through holes 202, and the throat plugs 210 are detachably installed in the lower through holes 202, and a throat plug through hole 211 is provided in the throat plug 210, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes 211 of the throat plugs 210 in the same throat plug group are the same, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes 211 of the throat plugs 210 in the two groups of throat plug groups are different. A plurality of secondary channels 401 are provided in the magnetic core 400, and all the secondary channels 401 are arranged in a ring-shaped distribution around the axis of the magnetic core 400. During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid enters the secondary channels 401, so that the damper is evenly stressed, avoiding uneven stress on the damper and generating radial force that damages the connection structure of the piston rod 500, the magnetic core 400 and the shock absorber cylinder, thereby ensuring the service life. Since the apertures of the upper through hole 302, the lower through hole 202 and the secondary channel 401 remain unchanged, the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid flowing through the secondary channel 401 in the conventional shock absorber is constant. When testing or producing the shock absorber, in response to different damping force requirements, this embodiment provides multiple groups of throat plug groups, and the throat plug group includes throat plugs 210 with the same number as the lower through holes 202. The throat plugs 210 are detachably installed in the lower through holes 202. The throat plugs 210 are provided with throat plug through holes 211. The inner diameters of the throat plug through holes 211 of the throat plugs 210 in the same throat plug group are the same; when different damping force requirements are required, all the throat plugs 210 can be removed from the lower through holes 202, and a throat plug group with a suitable inner diameter of the throat plug through holes 211 is selected, and then the throat plugs 210 of this group are installed one by one in the lower through holes 202. An internal thread can be machined into the secondary through-hole 202, and an external thread can be machined into the outer peripheral wall of the throat plug 210, so that the throat plug 210 can be detachably connected to the secondary through-hole 202 by screwing the threads together. To facilitate installation and removal, the two side ports of the throat plug 210 can also be machined into internal hexagonal holes, and the throat plug through-hole 211 is located between the two side ports, so that the throat plug 210 can be removed and installed using a conventional internal hexagonal wrench. In addition, since the two side ports of the throat plug 210 are machined into internal hexagonal holes, the installation direction of the throat plug 210 does not need to be considered during installation, further improving installation convenience.

[0030] In one embodiment, a plug group is further included, wherein the plug group includes plugs of the same number as the secondary through-holes 202, and the plugs are detachably installed in the secondary through-holes 202. When testing or producing shock absorbers, depending on different damping force requirements, it is sometimes not necessary for the magnetorheological fluid to flow through the secondary channel 401. This embodiment also provides a plug group, the structure of which is similar to that of the throat plug 210, and an external thread is also machined on the outer peripheral wall, and the plug is detachably connected to the secondary through-hole 202 by screwing the thread; the two side ports of the plug are machined into internal hexagonal holes, and the internal hexagonal holes of the two side ports are solid structures, so as to achieve the closure of the secondary through-hole 202.

[0031] In one embodiment, a sealing assembly is further included, which includes an upper seal 410 and a lower seal 420. The piston upper pressure plate 300 is sealed and connected to the upper part of the magnetic core 400 through the upper seal 410; the piston lower pressure plate 200 is sealed and connected to the lower part of the magnetic core 400 through the lower seal 420. During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid can flow through the main channel 110 and enter the secondary channel 401. The magnetorheological fluid in the secondary channel 401 opens the normally closed structure of the upper through hole 302. In order to prevent the magnetorheological fluid from entering the secondary channel 401, the valve assembly of the upper through hole 302 is not opened. It flows into the main channel 110 along the gap between the piston upper pressure plate 300 and the magnetic core 400, or the gap between the piston lower pressure plate 200 and the magnetic core 400. A sealing assembly is required. The sealing assembly includes an upper seal 410 and a lower seal 420. The upper piston pressure plate 300 and the upper part of the magnetic core 400 are sealed and connected by the upper seal 410; the lower piston pressure plate 200 and the lower part of the magnetic core 400 are sealed and connected by the lower seal 420. The upper seal 410 and the lower seal 420 can both be in the form of a sealing gasket or a sealing ring. The upper and lower end surfaces of the magnetic core 400 can be provided with grooves, and the lower part of the piston upper pressure plate 300 and the upper part of the piston lower pressure plate 200 are provided with bosses. Through the cooperation of the bosses and the grooves, the coaxiality of the piston upper pressure plate 300, the magnetic core 400 and the piston lower pressure plate 200 is improved. When the upper seal 410 and the lower seal 420 use sealing gaskets, they can be respectively mounted on the lower part of the piston upper pressure plate 300 and the bosses on the upper part of the piston lower pressure plate 200; when the upper seal 410 and the lower seal 420 use sealing rings, sealing ring grooves need to be processed on the lower part of the piston upper pressure plate 300, the upper part of the piston lower pressure plate 200, and the upper and lower end surfaces of the magnetic core 400, and then the sealing rings are placed in the sealing ring grooves for sealing.

[0032] In one embodiment, the valve assembly includes a valve disc 310, a preload resilient member 320, and a retainer 330. The valve disc 310 is used to shield the upper through hole 302. The retainer 330 is fixed to the piston rod 500. The two ends of the preload resilient member 320 respectively abut the valve disc 310 and the retainer 330. The preload resilient member 320 is used to apply a warning force to the valve disc 310 to keep the upper through hole 302 in a normally closed state. The valve disc 310 has a circular ring structure. The two ends of the preload resilient member 320 respectively abut the valve disc 310 and the retainer 330. The preload resilient member 320 is used to apply a warning force to the valve disc 310 to keep the upper through hole 302 in a normally closed state. The preload resilient member 320 can adopt a tower spring structure with a large compression capacity. Therefore, using a shorter tower spring can achieve a larger opening range of the upper through hole 302, making the valve assembly compact and stable. The upper part of the piston upper pressure plate 300 is axially extended upward to form an upper pipe section 304, and the outer peripheral wall of the upper pipe section 304 is radially extended outward to form a circle of annular groove 303. The upper part of the upper pipe section 304 is provided with an external thread. The upper part of the retainer 330 is a nut structure with an internal thread. The lower part of the retainer 330 is axially extended downward to form a lower pipe section 331. The retainer 330 is detachably connected to the piston upper pressure plate 300 by screwing. The retainer 330 is installed on the piston upper pressure plate When the retainer 330 is installed on the piston upper plate 300, the lower tube section 331 of the retainer 330 can extend into the annular groove 303. After the retainer 330 is installed on the piston upper plate 300, a certain gap is pre-existing between the lower end surface of the lower tube section 331 and the bottom surface of the annular groove 303. This prevents the retainer 330 from being restricted from further downward rotation after the lower end surface of the lower tube section 331 abuts the bottom surface of the annular groove 303 during installation, resulting in the valve disc 310 not being able to apply the preset warning force by the tower spring. In addition, the valve disc 310 adopts a circular ring structure and is sleeved on the lower tube section 331. The lower tube section 331 and the valve disc 310 have a clearance fit, and the lower tube section 331 serves as a vertical guide for the valve disc 310.

[0033] In one embodiment, the upper portion of the piston upper pressure plate 300 is provided with two pressing surfaces 305. The upper through hole 302 is located between the two pressing surfaces 305. The lower end surface of the valve disc 310 is simultaneously abutted against both pressing surfaces 305. The upper through hole 302 is located between the two pressing surfaces 305, providing support for the valve disc 310. To reduce weight and cost, an annular groove is provided between the two pressing surfaces 305, with the upper through hole 302 located at the bottom of the annular groove. The valve disc 310 has a circular ring structure, and its lower end surface abuts against both pressing surfaces 305, shielding the upper through hole 302.

[0034] In one embodiment, a support step 306 is provided between the two pressing surfaces 305. To increase the strength of the piston upper platen 300 and prevent the valve disc 310 from being pressed into the annular groove, multiple support steps 306 are provided at intervals within the annular groove. All support steps 306 are arranged in an annular pattern along the axis of the piston upper platen 300.

[0035] In one embodiment, the valve disc 310 is provided with a bypass hole 311. Under the force of the preload resilient member 320, the valve disc 310 abuts against the two pressing surfaces 305. The bypass hole 311 is connected to the upper through hole 302. Several bypass holes 311 with smaller apertures are spaced apart on the valve disc 310. Under the force of the preload resilient member 320, the valve disc 310 abuts against the two pressing surfaces 305. The bypass holes 311 are connected to the upper through hole 302. When the force applied by the magnetorheological fluid does not reach the force required to open the preload resilient member 320, a small amount of magnetorheological fluid can flow through the secondary channel 401, the upper through hole 302, and the bypass hole 311. This allows the damper to generate a small damping force even at low speeds. This damper can be used in a magnetorheological shock absorber for an automobile to improve the vehicle's rolling comfort at low speeds.

[0036] refer to Figure 9This embodiment further discloses a magnetorheological damper, comprising a cylinder 600 with an opening at one end, a guide seat 660 being provided at the opening of the cylinder 600, and the damper as described above, wherein the damper divides the cylinder 600 into a compression chamber 630 and a rebound chamber 620, and the piston rod 500 extends out of the cylinder 600 through the guide seat 660; the upper main through hole 301 is connected to the rebound chamber 620; and the lower main through hole 201 and the lower through hole 202 are both connected to the compression chamber 630. The damper divides the cylinder 600 into a compression chamber 630 and a rebound chamber 620. The compression chamber 630 and the rebound chamber 620 are filled with magnetorheological fluid. During the compression stroke, the magnetorheological fluid in the compression chamber 630 can flow into the rebound chamber 620 through the main channel 110, and can also enter the secondary channel 401. The magnetorheological fluid in the secondary channel 401 opens the normally closed structure of the upper through hole 302, and the magnetorheological fluid in the compression chamber 630 enters the rebound chamber 620 through the secondary channel 401. At this time, the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively small; during the rebound stroke, the valve assembly closes the upper through hole 302, and the magnetorheological fluid cannot flow through the secondary channel 401. The magnetorheological fluid in the rebound chamber 620 can only flow into the compression chamber 630 through the main channel 110. At this time, the damping force generated by the shock absorber is relatively large. A floating piston 640 is also provided in the magnetorheological shock absorber. The floating piston 640 divides the compression chamber 630 into a liquid chamber and a gas chamber 650. The floating piston 640 and the bottom of the cylinder 600 form a gas chamber 650, which is filled with high-pressure gas; the liquid chamber is between the floating piston 640 and the damper, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

[0037] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention are still within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A damper, characterized in that: It includes a piston housing, a magnetic core, a piston rod, an upper piston pressure plate, a lower piston pressure plate and a valve assembly, wherein the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate fix the magnetic core in the piston housing at the upper and lower ends, and the gap between the magnetic core and the inner wall of the piston housing forms a main channel, the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate are respectively provided with an upper main through hole and a lower main through hole, and the main channel is respectively connected with the upper main through hole and the lower main through hole; the piston rod passes through the upper piston pressure plate and is fixedly connected to the magnetic core, a secondary channel is provided in the magnetic core, the upper piston pressure plate and the lower piston pressure plate are respectively provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole, and the secondary channel is respectively connected with the upper through hole and the lower through hole, and the valve assembly is arranged above the upper piston pressure plate, the valve assembly is used to cover the upper through hole, and the valve assembly is a normally closed structure that can open the upper through hole under the pressure of magnetorheological fluid.

2. A damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic core is provided with a plurality of secondary channels, and the piston upper pressure plate and the piston lower pressure plate are respectively provided with a plurality of upper through holes and a plurality of lower through holes, and the piston upper pressure plate and the piston lower pressure plate are connected to the secondary channels in a one-to-one correspondence; it also includes a plurality of throat plug groups, and the throat plug group includes throat plugs with the same number as the secondary through holes, and the throat plugs are detachably installed in the secondary through holes, and throat plug through holes are provided in the throat plugs, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes of the throat plugs in the same throat plug group are the same, and the inner diameters of the throat plug through holes of the throat plugs in the two groups of throat plug groups are different.

3. A damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plug group, which includes plugs with the same number as the next through holes, and the plugs can be detachably installed in the next through holes.

4. A damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sealing assembly, which includes an upper seal and a lower seal. The piston upper pressure plate is sealed to the upper part of the magnetic core through the upper seal; the piston lower pressure plate is sealed to the lower part of the magnetic core through the lower seal.

5. A damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve assembly includes a valve disc, a pre-stressed rebound component and a retaining frame. The valve disc is used to cover the previous through hole. The retaining frame is fixed on the piston rod. The two ends of the pre-stressed rebound component are respectively abutted against the valve disc and the retaining frame. The pre-stressed rebound component is used to apply a warning force to the valve disc to keep the previous through hole in a normally closed state.

6. A damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper portion of the piston upper pressure plate is provided with two pressing surfaces, the upper through hole is provided between the two pressing surfaces, and the lower end surface of the valve plate is simultaneously abutted against the two pressing surfaces.

7. A damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: A supporting step is provided between the two crimping surfaces.

8. A damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: A bypass hole is provided on the valve plate. The valve plate abuts against two pressing surfaces under the action of the pre-compression rebound member. The bypass hole is communicated with the previous through hole.

9. A magnetorheological damper, characterized in that: It comprises a cylinder with an opening at one end, a guide seat being provided at the opening of the cylinder, and a damper as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 above, wherein the damper divides the cylinder into a compression chamber and a rebound chamber, and the piston rod extends out of the cylinder through the guide seat; the upper main through hole is connected to the rebound chamber; and the lower main through hole and the lower through hole are both connected to the compression chamber.

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