Temperature and pressure monitoring module and monitoring system for leakage of underground gas storage

Abstract

The utility model provides a temperature and pressure monitoring module and a monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage, and relates to the technical field of gas storage monitoring. According to the utility model, a plurality of temperature and pressure monitoring modules can be arranged, and each temperature and pressure monitoring module is arranged in the shaft along the depth direction, so that the temperature and pressure change of each area, especially a key area, can be monitored, the response speed is high, the precision is high, and the arranged data receiving unit can realize real-time acquisition of measured pressure and temperature data. And the data are timely transmitted to the data processing unit for data storage and processing analysis, so that the leakage trend and risk can be monitored, data support is provided for leakage prevention, stable operation of the monitoring system is ensured, and powerful guarantee is provided for safe operation of the underground gas storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas storage monitoring, in particular to a temperature and pressure monitoring module and a monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage. Background Art

[0002] Due to its unique physical properties, such as low permeability, low porosity, good creep behavior and damage self-repair ability, salt rock has become a globally recognized ideal medium for natural gas storage. Based on the above advantages, salt cavern underground gas storage technology has been developed. In deep underground salt layers or salt domes, cave spaces are artificially created by water dissolution for storing natural gas.

[0003] Salt cavern underground gas storage plays a vital role in the energy industry, particularly in regulating seasonal fluctuations in natural gas demand and responding to long-distance pipeline emergencies. However, with long-term operation, factors such as fluctuations in operating pressure and temperature, the influence of geological structures, and aging and corrosion of equipment pose a risk of leakage in wellbores and interlayer areas. Natural gas is highly flammable and explosive, and leaks can easily cause serious safety accidents, posing a significant threat to the surrounding environment and the safety of people and property. Therefore, ensuring the safe operation of underground gas storage is crucial, and monitoring its leakage is an essential component.

[0004] Therefore, the utility model aims to provide an underground gas storage leakage monitoring device with a simple structure, easy installation and easy maintenance, so as to improve the efficiency and accuracy of underground gas storage leakage monitoring and ensure the safe and stable operation of the underground gas storage. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a temperature and pressure monitoring module, comprising:

[0006] Temperature and pressure monitoring installation devices and temperature and pressure detection components;

[0007] The temperature and pressure monitoring installation device includes a temperature and pressure monitoring installation base, a temperature and pressure detection tray and a clamping mechanism. The temperature and pressure monitoring installation base includes two monitoring installation connection bodies and an installation adjustment member. The two monitoring installation connection bodies are connected by the installation adjustment member. The installation adjustment member is used to adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring installation connection bodies. The temperature and pressure detection tray is installed on the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base. The temperature and pressure detection member is detachably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray. The clamping mechanism is installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the temperature and pressure detection member.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of drag-reducing through holes are provided on the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base, and the drag-reducing through holes are distributed on the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping elastic member and two clamping pressing members.

[0010] The clamping and pressing part is rotatably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray through a rotating shaft, and the clamping elastic part is arranged between the two clamping and pressing parts. The clamping and pressing part includes a clamping fitting part and a clamping connecting part. The temperature and pressure detection part is placed between the two clamping fitting parts. The rotating shaft is arranged at the connection position between the clamping fitting part and the clamping connecting part, and the two ends of the clamping elastic part are respectively connected to the two clamping connecting parts.

[0011] Optionally, the clamping fitting portion is an arc-shaped structure.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature and pressure detection component includes a detection component housing and a detection sensor, and the detection sensor is arranged in the detection component housing.

[0013] Optionally, a clamping fit groove is provided on the housing of the detection member, and the clamping fit groove and the clamping fit portion are clamped and fitted.

[0014] Optionally, the bottom of the detection component housing is a conical structure, the temperature and pressure detection tray is provided with a tray slot, and the detection component housing is placed in the tray slot.

[0015] Optionally, the installation adjustment member is a threaded adjustment rod.

[0016] A monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage includes any of the above-mentioned temperature and pressure monitoring modules, wherein there are multiple temperature and pressure monitoring modules, each of which is arranged along the depth direction inside the wellbore; and further includes a data receiving unit and a data processing unit, wherein the data receiving unit receives the temperature and pressure data collected by the temperature and pressure monitoring module and transmits the data to the data processing unit for analysis and processing.

[0017] Optionally, the temperature and pressure monitoring modules are evenly spaced along the depth direction inside the wellbore.

[0018] As described above, the temperature and pressure monitoring module and the underground gas storage leakage monitoring system of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The utility model provides a temperature and pressure monitoring module, including a temperature and pressure monitoring installation device and a temperature and pressure detection member, wherein the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base in the temperature and pressure monitoring installation device adjusts the relative distance between the two monitoring installation connection bodies through the installation adjustment member, so that the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base can be fixedly installed inside the wellbore as a whole, thereby realizing relevant data collection at different depths of the underground gas storage reservoir, and the temperature and pressure detection member in the utility model can be detachably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray, and the clamping mechanism provided is used to achieve stable installation of the temperature and pressure detection member. This design not only facilitates the installation and disassembly of the temperature and pressure detection member, but can also be quickly replaced by a mechanical arm later, while also ensuring the stability and safety of the temperature and pressure detection member;

[0020] At the same time, the utility model also provides a monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage, wherein a plurality of temperature and pressure monitoring modules are provided in the system, and each temperature and pressure monitoring module is arranged along the depth direction inside the wellbore, and can monitor the temperature and pressure changes in various areas, especially key areas. Compared with traditional downhole instrument monitoring technology, the utility model can quickly and accurately locate the source of leakage, improve the efficiency of handling leakage accidents, and has a fast response speed and high precision. The data receiving unit provided can realize real-time collection of measured pressure and temperature data, and transmit it to the data processing unit in time for data storage and processing analysis. It can monitor leakage trends and risks, provide data support for leakage prevention, ensure the stable operation of the monitoring system, and provide a strong guarantee for the safe operation of underground gas storage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medium temperature and pressure monitoring installation device of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the detection component housing in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of a monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. People familiar with this technology can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0026] See also Figures 1 to 4. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by this utility model without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by this utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments in their relative relationships should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of this utility model without substantially changing the technical content.

[0027] The following embodiments are for illustration only and can be combined with each other, and are not limited to the contents presented in the following single embodiments.

[0028] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The utility model provides a temperature and pressure monitoring module, including a temperature and pressure monitoring installation device and a temperature and pressure detection component; the temperature and pressure monitoring installation device includes a temperature and pressure monitoring installation base 4, a temperature and pressure detection tray 5 and a clamping mechanism, the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base 4 includes two monitoring installation connection bodies and an installation adjustment component 7, the two monitoring installation connection bodies are connected by the installation adjustment component 7, and the installation adjustment component 7 is used to adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring installation connection bodies, the temperature and pressure detection tray 5 is installed on the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base 4, the temperature and pressure detection component is detachably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray 5, and the clamping mechanism is installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray 5, and the clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the temperature and pressure detection component. The present invention provides a temperature and pressure monitoring module, including a temperature and pressure monitoring installation device and a temperature and pressure detection component, wherein the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base in the temperature and pressure monitoring installation device can adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring installation connection bodies through the installation adjustment component, so that the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base can be fixedly installed inside the wellbore as a whole, thereby realizing the collection of relevant data such as temperature and pressure at different depths underground, and the temperature and pressure detection component in the present invention can be detachably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray, and the clamping mechanism provided can realize the stable installation of the temperature and pressure detection component. This design not only facilitates the installation and disassembly of the temperature and pressure detection component, but also can be quickly replaced by a robotic arm later, while also ensuring the stability and safety of the temperature and pressure detection component.

[0029] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1The temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4 is provided with a plurality of drag-reducing through-holes 6, each of which is distributed on the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4. The provision of the drag-reducing through-holes 6 can provide a larger flow area inside, allowing more gas to circulate, thereby reducing the gas flow rate and pressure loss, and reducing measurement errors. Furthermore, the drag-reducing through-holes 6 can adopt a smooth channel design to reduce frictional resistance during gas flow, further reducing pressure loss. Uniformly arranging the position and number of the drag-reducing through-holes 6 can optimize the gas flow path, avoid the generation of eddies or local resistance, and thus improve measurement accuracy.

[0030] In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4 includes two monitoring mounting connection bodies and a mounting adjustment member 7. The two monitoring mounting connection bodies are connected by the mounting adjustment member 7, and the mounting adjustment member 7 is used to adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring mounting connection bodies. Optionally, the mounting adjustment member 7 can be a threaded adjustment rod. The threaded adjustment rod includes a left and right section structure, and the threads of the left and right sections are rotated in opposite directions. The threaded adjustment rod is respectively engaged with the monitoring mounting connection body at both ends, thereby controlling and adjusting the relative distance between the two monitoring mounting connection bodies, and the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4 is fixedly installed in the wellbore as a whole.

[0031] In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4 includes two monitoring mounting connection bodies and a mounting adjustment member 7. The two monitoring mounting connection bodies are connected by the mounting adjustment member 7, and the mounting adjustment member 7 is used to adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring mounting connection bodies. Optionally, the mounting adjustment member 7 can be a hydraulic adjustment member, which controls and adjusts the relative distance between the two monitoring mounting connection bodies, thereby securing the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base 4 as a whole within the wellbore.

[0032] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The temperature and pressure monitoring installation device also includes a clamping mechanism, which is used to clamp and fix the temperature and pressure detection part; the clamping mechanism includes a clamping elastic part 8 and two clamping and pressing parts, and the clamping and pressing parts are rotatably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray 5 through a rotating shaft 11. The clamping elastic part 8 is arranged between the two clamping and pressing parts, and the clamping and pressing part includes a clamping fitting part 9 and a clamping connecting part 10. The temperature and pressure detection part is placed between the two clamping fitting parts 9, and the rotating shaft 11 is arranged at the connection position between the clamping fitting part 9 and the clamping connecting part 10. The two ends of the clamping elastic part 8 are respectively connected to the two clamping connecting parts 10. When the temperature and pressure detector is placed between the two clamping and pressing members, it contacts and stretches the corresponding clamping mating portion 9, causing the clamping mating portion 9 to rotate about its rotation axis 11, and the clamping connection portion 10 also rotates together. The relative distance between the two clamping connections 10 decreases, and the clamping elastic member 8 deforms to generate a clamping force, clamping and fixing the temperature and pressure detector. Optionally, the clamping elastic member 8 can be made of a spring material or other part that can provide sufficient elastic support force.

[0033] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , the clamping fitting part 9 is an arc-shaped structure. The clamping fitting part 9 is designed to be an arc-shaped structure. Its arc-shaped contact surface can provide a larger contact area than the flat contact surface, thereby dispersing the pressure, avoiding local stress concentration, and improving the stability of the clamping. The larger contact area can provide a stronger clamping force, ensuring that the downhole temperature and pressure detector operates stably in the wellbore, and will not loosen or fall off even in harsh environments such as vibration. At the same time, the arc-shaped contact surface can reduce the friction coefficient of the contact surface, reduce the friction force, and make the downhole temperature and pressure detector easier to install and disassemble. Smaller friction can reduce the wear on the downhole temperature and pressure detector and extend its service life. In addition, the arc-shaped contact surface can better adapt to the shape and size of the temperature and pressure detector, and even if the shape of the temperature and pressure detector changes slightly, it can maintain a good clamping effect.

[0034] In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure detector includes a detector housing and a detection sensor, which is disposed within the housing. The detection sensor is a composite sensor capable of measuring both temperature and pressure. This is prior art and is sufficient to meet the corresponding requirements, so it is not further defined or elaborated upon herein.

[0035] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 The detection member housing is provided with a clamping fit groove 12, and the clamping fit groove 12 is clamped and matched with the clamping fit portion 9. This arrangement allows the clamping mechanism to better clamp and fit the temperature and pressure detection member.

[0036] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, the bottom of the detector housing is a conical structure, and a tray slot 13 is provided on the temperature and pressure detection tray 5, and the detector housing is placed in the tray slot 13. The temperature and pressure detector can be placed on the temperature and pressure detection tray 5 quickly and conveniently, and can cooperate with the clamping mechanism to achieve a more stable fixation of the temperature and pressure detector. When a failure occurs in the temperature and pressure detector, it can also be replaced and repaired more conveniently and portably. Therefore, the bottom of the detector housing is a conical structure, and the detachable installation of the tray slot 13 of the temperature and pressure detection tray makes it convenient and quick to replace the damaged temperature and pressure detector, thereby ensuring the stability and long-term operation of the monitoring system, and the detachable design simplifies the maintenance process, reduces maintenance time and labor costs, and thus reduces the overall maintenance cost. Optionally, it can be quickly replaced by lowering the robotic arm to ensure the continuity and stability of the monitoring work.

[0037] See also Figure 4 A monitoring system for underground gas storage leaks comprises any of the aforementioned temperature and pressure monitoring modules 1, wherein the plurality of temperature and pressure monitoring modules 1 are arranged along the depth direction of the wellbore; and further comprises a data receiving unit 2 and a data processing unit 3. The data receiving unit 2 receives the temperature and pressure data collected by the temperature and pressure monitoring modules 1 and transmits the data to the data processing unit 3 for analysis and processing. The present invention also provides a monitoring system for underground gas storage leaks, comprising multiple temperature and pressure monitoring modules 1, each arranged along the depth direction of the wellbore. The system can monitor temperature and pressure changes in various areas, particularly key areas. Compared to traditional downhole instrument monitoring technology, the present system can quickly and accurately locate the source of a leak, improving the efficiency of handling leak accidents. It has a fast response speed and high accuracy. The data receiving unit can collect measured pressure and temperature data in real time and promptly transmit it to the data processing unit 2 for data storage, processing, and analysis. Leak trends and risks can be monitored, providing data support for leak prevention, ensuring the stable operation of the monitoring system, and providing strong guarantees for the safe operation of underground gas storage.

[0038] In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure monitoring modules 1 are evenly spaced along the depth direction within the wellbore. This evenly spaced arrangement allows for more comprehensive and uniform coverage of monitoring data at various locations within the wellbore. By comparing data from multiple monitoring points, the specific location of the leak can be more accurately determined, narrowing the scope of investigation and improving emergency response efficiency. At the same time, the spaced monitoring points can monitor the leak's temporal trends in real time, helping to assess the extent and spread of the leak and providing data support for the development of emergency plans. By analyzing data from multiple monitoring points, potential leak risks can be predicted, and preventive measures can be taken in a timely manner to avoid accidents.

[0039] In this embodiment, the data receiving unit can use a conventional data acquisition device, and can adopt wired data transmission or wireless data transmission instead of cable and wire transmission, and use electromagnetic wave communication to realize automatic collection and reading of downhole pressure and temperature, which can achieve the purpose of long-term real-time monitoring and positioning of wellbore leakage sources, and the overall layout is more convenient and efficient.

[0040] In this embodiment, the data processing unit 3 is a backend server. The backend server receives the pressure and temperature data collected by the downhole temperature and pressure detector transmitted by the data receiving unit, and monitors and stores the pressure and temperature conditions at each monitoring point downhole in real time. The fluctuation range of the difference between the collected actual downhole pressure data and the calculated pressure is analyzed to confirm the reasonable range of pressure difference fluctuation of the gas storage reservoir. The collected data is substituted into the formula for calculation to obtain the calculated pressure, which is compared with the actual pressure to determine whether the gas storage reservoir is at risk of leakage. When the actual pressure is significantly lower than the calculated pressure, that is, when the gas storage reservoir is at risk of leakage, the backend server will locate the downhole temperature and pressure detector and, in conjunction with the alarm device, alert relevant personnel to take remedial measures through an alarm. If a fault is detected in the downhole temperature and pressure detector, the backend server will issue an alarm, prompting relevant personnel to inspect and repair it. The downhole temperature and pressure detector is monitored to ensure the stable operation of the monitoring system. The background server in the device can monitor and store the pressure, temperature, depth and other conditions of each monitoring point underground in real time, providing comprehensive data support for underground gas storage managers. When the underground temperature and pressure detection device detects abnormal pressure, the background server will immediately transmit a no-leakage risk signal to the safety alarm device, and then activate the alarm mechanism, issuing alarm reminders through sound, light signals and other means to ensure that relevant personnel can respond quickly.

[0041] In this embodiment, based on the above embodiment, the backend service device analyzes the real-time pressure data, real-time temperature data, and the depth distribution data of the arrangement to obtain the pressure difference result of the underground gas storage. The specific implementation steps and related contents are as follows:

[0042] A pressure prediction model is set in the background service device, and the specific implementation content is as follows:

[0043] In the embodiment, based on existing theoretical knowledge, the ideal gas state equation is used to calculate the density of the gas, and the following relationship is satisfied:

[0044]

[0045] in, is the gas density, is the molar mass of natural gas, To predict the pressure value, is the gas constant, is the temperature at the downhole depth H;

[0046] The gas constant in the embodiment is set to 8314 The gas constant is a physical constant whose value is fixed under standard conditions. The use of a unified gas constant in the embodiments ensures the consistency between different experimental and calculated results, allowing the results to be compared and verified with each other, thereby improving the accuracy of the calculated results.

[0047] Then use the following function to analyze the pressure value at the downhole depth H;

[0048]

[0049] in, To predict the pressure value, is the gas density, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the downhole depth, is the pressure at the wellhead;

[0050] A pressure prediction model is constructed based on the above function and density formula. In this embodiment, the pressure prediction model satisfies the following relationship:

[0051]

[0052] in, To predict the pressure value, is the pressure at the wellhead, is the molar mass of natural gas, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the downhole depth, is the gas constant, is the temperature at the wellhead, is the formation temperature gradient;

[0053] The specific data of the molar mass of natural gas is 16 ; Gravity acceleration is 9.81 ;

[0054] The above-mentioned pressure prediction model can accurately reflect the relationship between the gas state equation and the density formula, making the prediction results more accurate, and can also accurately analyze the actual pressure values ​​at different depths. In addition, the air pressure prediction model of the present invention can predict the actual conditions of different gases, and can adjust parameters such as gas constants, temperature, etc. according to actual conditions, with higher flexibility and adaptability.

[0055] To sum up, the utility model can be provided with multiple temperature and pressure monitoring modules, and each temperature and pressure monitoring module is arranged along the depth direction inside the wellbore, which can monitor the temperature and pressure changes in various areas, especially key areas, with fast response speed and high accuracy. The data receiving unit set up can realize real-time collection of measured pressure and temperature data, and transmit it to the data processing unit in time for data storage and processing analysis. It can monitor leakage trends and risks, provide data support for leakage prevention, ensure the stable operation of the monitoring system, and provide strong protection for the safe operation of underground gas storage.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed in the present invention are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature and pressure monitoring module, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure monitoring module includes: Temperature and pressure monitoring installation devices and temperature and pressure detection components; The temperature and pressure monitoring installation device includes a temperature and pressure monitoring installation base, a temperature and pressure detection tray and a clamping mechanism. The temperature and pressure monitoring installation base includes two monitoring installation connection bodies and an installation adjustment member. The two monitoring installation connection bodies are connected by the installation adjustment member. The installation adjustment member is used to adjust the relative distance between the two monitoring installation connection bodies. The temperature and pressure detection tray is installed on the temperature and pressure monitoring installation base. The temperature and pressure detection member is detachably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray. The clamping mechanism is installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray. The clamping mechanism is used to clamp and fix the temperature and pressure detection member.

2. A temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base is provided with a plurality of drag-reducing through holes, and the drag-reducing through holes are distributed on the temperature and pressure monitoring mounting base.

3. The temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a clamping elastic member and two clamping pressing members. The clamping and pressing part is rotatably installed on the temperature and pressure detection tray through a rotating shaft, and the clamping elastic part is arranged between the two clamping and pressing parts. The clamping and pressing part includes a clamping fitting part and a clamping connecting part. The temperature and pressure detection part is placed between the two clamping fitting parts. The rotating shaft is arranged at the connection position between the clamping fitting part and the clamping connecting part, and the two ends of the clamping elastic part are respectively connected to the two clamping connecting parts.

4. A temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping matching portion is an arc-shaped structure.

5. The temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure detection component includes a detection component housing and a detection sensor, and the detection sensor is arranged in the detection component housing.

6. The temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection member housing is provided with a clamping fit groove, and the clamping fit groove and the clamping fit portion are clamped and fit together.

7. The temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the detection component housing is a conical structure. The temperature and pressure detection tray is provided with a tray slot, and the detection component housing is placed in the tray slot.

8. The temperature and pressure monitoring module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation adjustment piece is a threaded adjustment rod.

9. A monitoring system for underground gas storage leakage, comprising the temperature and pressure monitoring module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: There are multiple temperature and pressure monitoring modules, each of which is arranged along the depth direction inside the wellbore; it also includes a data receiving unit and a data processing unit, the data receiving unit receives the temperature and pressure data collected by the temperature and pressure monitoring module and transmits the data to the data processing unit for analysis and processing.

10. The underground gas storage leakage monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature and pressure monitoring modules are evenly spaced apart along the depth direction inside the wellbore.

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