Battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery and a power utilization device, the battery comprises a plurality of battery monomers and heat insulation parts arranged between the adjacent battery monomers, and each heat insulation part comprises a heat insulation layer used for heat insulation; the adjusting layer is arranged on the heat insulation layer in a stacked mode, the adjusting layer has a phase change temperature, and the adjusting layer has a deformation form when the environment temperature is higher than or equal to the phase change temperature so as to change the heat transfer path of the heat insulation piece. The heat insulation piece of the battery comprises a heat insulation layer and an adjusting layer, the heat insulation layer is used for blocking heat transfer among the battery monomers, the adjusting layer has a phase change temperature and has a deformation form when the environment temperature is higher than or equal to the phase change temperature, and the heat transfer path of the heat insulation piece can be changed, so that heat transfer among the battery monomers is delayed or blocked; and thermal diffusion safety protection is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are used more and more widely, such as in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric airplanes and power tools.

[0003] As the design of high-volume energy density batteries becomes increasingly limited, some related thermal insulation pads (such as ceramic aerogel insulation pads) are difficult to meet the thermal diffusion safety protection requirements. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a battery and an electrical device, wherein the thermal insulation of the battery can hinder the heat transfer between battery cells, which is beneficial to the safety protection of heat diffusion.

[0005] In a first aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide a battery comprising a plurality of battery cells and a thermal insulation member arranged between adjacent battery cells, the thermal insulation member comprising a thermal insulation layer for thermal insulation; an adjustment layer stacked on the thermal insulation layer, the adjustment layer having a phase change temperature, and the adjustment layer having a deformation form when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the phase change temperature to change the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation member.

[0006] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned embodiment, the thermal insulation member is located between adjacent battery cells. The thermal insulation layer can block heat transfer between the battery cells. The regulating layer has a phase transition temperature and, when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature, has a deformable form and can deform, thereby changing the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation member. The regulating layer of the thermal insulation member is stacked on the thermal insulation layer and integrated with the thermal insulation layer. As a result, the thermal insulation member has both thermal insulation and heat transfer path regulation functions, which can delay or block heat transfer between battery cells and facilitate heat diffusion safety protection.

[0007] According to the batteries provided in some embodiments of the present application, the adjustment layer has a first form in an environment where the temperature is lower than the phase change temperature, and the thickness of the deformed form of the adjustment layer is greater than the thickness of the first form. The adjustment layer changes the heat transfer path by increasing the thickness, which can increase the distance between a battery cell with temperature abnormality (such as thermal runaway) and an adjacent battery cell, thereby hindering heat transfer between the battery cells.

[0008] According to the batteries provided in some embodiments of the present application, the surface area to volume ratio of the regulating layer in the first form is 10:1 to 125:1. The surface area to volume ratio of the regulating layer in the first form is large and the thickness is small, which can meet the thermal diffusion safety protection requirements of high volume energy density batteries.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjustment layer comprises a memory metal film. The ratio of the thickness of the adjustment layer in the deformed state to the thickness of the adjustment layer in the first state ranges from 20:1 to 100:1. Due to the shape memory effect of the memory metal film, not only can the thickness be adjusted over a wide range, but deformation recovery is also possible.

[0010] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer to the adjustment layer in the first form is 1:1 to 125:1, the thickness of the adjustment layer is not greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation layer when it is in the first form, and the thickness of the thermal insulation component will not be significantly thickened when the shape memory effect is not activated.

[0011] According to the batteries provided in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness range of the adjustment layer in the first form is 8μm to 100μm; the thickness range of the adjustment layer in the deformed form is 0.8mm to 2mm. When the adjustment layer is in the first form, the effect on the thickness of the thermal insulation component is very small. When it is in the deformed form, it can significantly change the distance between adjacent battery cells, thereby realizing heat diffusion safety protection.

[0012] According to the batteries provided in some embodiments of the present application, the phase change temperature range is 200° C. to 300° C., which can match the thermal runaway temperature range of the battery cells.

[0013] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, which can be suitable for high volume energy density batteries.

[0014] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation layer is one layer, the adjustment layer is two layers, and the thermal insulation layer is located between the two adjustment layers. The two adjustment layers can not only realize a double insurance mechanism, but also increase the adjustment amount.

[0015] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation layer is two layers, the adjustment layer is one layer, and the adjustment layer is located between the two thermal insulation layers. The two thermal insulation layers can achieve bidirectional thermal insulation, thereby increasing the service life of the adjustment layer.

[0016] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the thermal insulation layer and the regulating layer are both multi-layered and alternately stacked, which can improve the thermal insulation performance and the heat transfer path regulation amount, and improve reliability.

[0017] According to the battery provided in some embodiments of the present application, the memory metal film is one of a nickel-titanium film, a copper-aluminum-nickel alloy film, a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy film, a nickel-aluminum film and an iron-based film, or a composite film layer thereof; the thermal insulation layer is one of a glass fiber aerogel layer, a ceramic aerogel layer, a pre-oxidized silk aerogel layer and a polyurethane foam layer, or a composite film layer thereof, thereby having both excellent thermal insulation performance and heat transfer path regulation capability.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple battery cells are stacked along a first direction, with gaps between adjacent battery cells. A thermal insulator is positioned within the gaps. Along the first direction, the thickness of the thermal insulator is no less than the width of the gaps. The thermal insulator, sandwiched between two adjacent battery cells, not only provides thermal insulation and regulates the heat transfer path, but also acts as a buffer, preventing excessive compression of the battery cells.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present application, multiple battery cells are arranged side by side along the second direction, with thermal insulation provided between adjacent rows of battery cells. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Integrating multiple battery cells into a battery can increase the volumetric energy density of the battery.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the battery provided further includes a battery module, and the battery includes multiple battery cells; the multiple battery modules are arranged side by side along the first direction and / or the second direction; and thermal insulation members are provided between adjacent battery modules to effectively block heat diffusion between the battery modules.

[0021] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, which includes a battery provided by the above technical solution, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0022] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure bring at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] Some embodiments of the present application provide a battery and an electrical device, wherein the thermal insulation component of the battery includes a thermal insulation layer and a regulating layer. The thermal insulation layer is used to block heat transfer between battery cells. The regulating layer has a phase change temperature and has a deformation form when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the phase change temperature. It can change the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation component, thereby delaying or blocking heat transfer between battery cells, which is beneficial to heat diffusion safety protection.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same components.

[0026] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of stacking battery cells provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between battery cells and thermal insulation components provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some embodiments of the present application along a first direction;

[0032] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member in a first form along a first direction provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member in a deformed state along a first direction provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some other embodiments of the present application along a first direction;

[0035] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some further embodiments of the present application along a first direction.

[0036] In the attached figure:

[0037] 1-Vehicle; 2-Controller; 3-Battery; 4-Motor;

[0038] 5-box; 5a-first box; 5b-second box; 5c-placement space;

[0039] 6-battery cell; 7-battery module; 8-thermal insulation; 81-thermal insulation layer; 82-regulating layer;

[0040] X-first direction; Y-second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application should have the common meanings understood by technicians in the field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] In addition, the technical terms "first," "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0047] The battery cell 6 mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be a secondary battery cell. A secondary battery cell refers to a battery cell 6 that can be continuously used by activating active materials by charging after the battery cell 6 is discharged.

[0048] The battery cell 6 may be an ion battery cell, including but not limited to a lithium ion battery cell, a sodium ion battery cell, a sodium lithium ion battery cell, a magnesium ion battery cell, and a calcium ion battery cell.

[0049] A battery cell 6 typically includes an electrode assembly. This assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery cell 6, active ions (e.g., lithium ions) are intercalated and released between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits between the positive and negative electrodes and provides ion channels for the active ions to pass through.

[0050] In some embodiments, the battery cell 6 further includes an electrolyte, which conducts ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte may be in liquid, gel, or solid form.

[0051] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs that can conduct current from the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery cell 6 may include a housing. The housing is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and the electrolyte. The housing may be a steel housing, an aluminum housing, a plastic housing (such as polypropylene), a composite metal housing (such as a copper-aluminum composite housing), or an aluminum-plastic film.

[0053] As an example, the battery cell 6 may be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a soft-pack battery cell or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include square-shell battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and polygonal batteries. Polygonal batteries are, for example, hexagonal batteries.

[0054] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 6 to provide higher voltage and capacity.

[0055] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery module 7 . When there are multiple battery cells 6 , the multiple battery cells 6 are arranged and fixed to form a battery module 7 .

[0056] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery pack, which includes a box body and battery cells 6 , wherein the battery cells 6 or battery modules 7 are housed in the box body.

[0057] In some embodiments, the box body can be used as part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1. For example, part of the box body can become at least part of the floor of the vehicle 1, or part of the box body can become at least part of the cross member and longitudinal member of the vehicle 1.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery may be an energy storage device, including an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, and the like.

[0059] As the design of high-volume energy density batteries becomes increasingly extreme, thermal diffusion often occurs. While some related ceramic aerogel insulation pads offer some thermal diffusion protection, their thickness and low space utilization make them unable to meet the thermal diffusion safety protection requirements of high-volume energy density batteries under extreme design requirements.

[0060] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a technical solution, wherein the battery includes multiple battery cells and a thermal insulation member disposed between adjacent battery cells. The thermal insulation member includes a thermal insulation layer and a regulating layer stacked on the thermal insulation layer, which combines thermal insulation and heat transfer path regulation functions. The regulating layer has a phase transition temperature. When the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature, the regulating layer deforms, thereby changing the thermal insulation member's heat transfer path, delaying or blocking heat transfer between battery cells, and facilitating heat diffusion safety protection.

[0061] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to batteries and electrical devices using batteries, which may be vehicles 1, mobile phones, portable devices, laptop computers, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and electric tools, etc. Vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and a new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. Spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc. Electric toys include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Electric tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers, etc.

[0062] The battery described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to being applicable to the electrical devices described above, but for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are described using electric vehicles as an example.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The following is a simplified schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application. Vehicle 1 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery is provided inside the vehicle 1, and the battery can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1. Battery 3 can be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery can serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1. The vehicle 1 can also include a controller 2 and a motor 4, and the controller 2 is used to control the battery to power the motor 4, for example, for starting, navigating and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1 during driving.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 3 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1 , but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1 .

[0065] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of batteries provided in other embodiments of the present application.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery 3 includes a housing and a battery cell 6, and the battery cell 6 is accommodated in the housing 5. The housing 5 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 6. There can be multiple battery cells 6 in the battery 3, and the multiple battery cells 6 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 6 are both connected in series and in parallel. The multiple battery cells 6 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection, and then the whole composed of the multiple battery cells 6 is accommodated in the housing; of course, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the battery 3 may also be a battery module 7 formed by connecting multiple battery cells 6 in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection, and then the multiple battery modules 7 are connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid connection to form a whole and accommodated in the box 5 .

[0067] The housing 5 may include a first housing 5a and a second housing 5b. The first housing 5a and the second housing 5b may overlap to define a storage space 5c for accommodating the battery cells 6. The first housing 5a and the second housing 5b may have various shapes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, etc. The first housing 5a may be a hollow structure with one side open, and the second housing 5b may also be a hollow structure with one side open. The open side of the second housing 5b overlaps the open side of the first housing 5a, thereby forming a housing with the storage space 5c.

[0068] The battery 3 may further include other structures. For example, the battery may further include a busbar component for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 6 .

[0069] Please refer to Figures 4 to 10 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of stacking battery cells provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between battery cells and thermal insulation components provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some embodiments of the present application along a first direction;

[0070] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member in a first form along a first direction provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 8A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member in a deformed state along a first direction provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some other embodiments of the present application along a first direction; Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of a thermal insulation member provided in some further embodiments of the present application along a first direction.

[0071] First, as Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, some embodiments of the present application provide a battery 3, including a plurality of battery cells 6 and a thermal insulation member 8 disposed between adjacent battery cells 6. The thermal insulation member 8 includes a thermal insulation layer 81 and a regulating layer 82, wherein the regulating layer 82 is stacked on the thermal insulation layer 81. The thermal insulation layer 81 is used for thermal insulation, and the regulating layer 82 has a phase transition temperature. When the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the phase transition temperature, the regulating layer 82 has a deformation state to change the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation member 8.

[0072] When the battery cell 6 is a square shell battery cell, the thermal insulation component 8 can be attached to the side surfaces of the long side and high side of the square shell battery cell (the surface perpendicular to the first direction X), or it can be attached to the side surfaces of the wide side and high side of the square shell battery cell (the surface perpendicular to the second direction Y).

[0073] The adjustment layer 82 has a phase transition temperature. When the ambient temperature rises to the phase transition temperature (or continues to rise), the adjustment layer 82 may deform and change its shape to a deformed shape to block heat transfer.

[0074] When regulating layer 82 alters the heat transfer path of thermal insulation 8, it can do so by changing the heat transfer distance or the heat transfer area. For example, when the temperature of a battery cell 6 rises and the ambient temperature of regulating layer 82 reaches its phase transition temperature, regulating layer 82 deforms. In this case, regulating layer 82 can increase its thickness to increase the distance between the heated battery cell 6 and adjacent cells 6. Alternatively, regulating layer 82 can create multiple pores within itself to reduce the heat transfer area.

[0075] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, thermal insulation member 8 is positioned between adjacent battery cells 6. Thermal insulation layer 81 can block heat transfer between battery cells 6. Regulation layer 82 has a phase transition temperature and, when the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to the phase transition temperature, exhibits a deformable form, capable of deforming and altering the heat transfer path of thermal insulation member 8. Regulation layer 82 of thermal insulation member 8 is stacked on thermal insulation layer 81, forming a composite with thermal insulation layer 81. Thus, thermal insulation member 8 combines thermal insulation and heat transfer path regulation functions, no longer simply serving as passive insulation. Instead, it can delay or block heat transfer between battery cells 6, improving thermal insulation performance and facilitating heat diffusion safety protection.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment layer 82 has a first form in an environment with a temperature lower than the phase transition temperature, and a thickness t2 of the adjustment layer 82 in the deformed form is greater than a thickness t1 of the first form.

[0077] The adjustment layer 82 has a thickness of t1 when in the first state and a thickness of t2 when in the deformed state, where t2 is greater than t1. When the adjustment layer 82 is deformed from the first state to the deformed state, it can squeeze adjacent battery cells 6, increasing the distance between a battery cell 6 experiencing a temperature abnormality (e.g., thermal runaway) and adjacent battery cells 6.

[0078] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the adjustment layer 82 changes the heat transfer path by increasing the thickness, which can increase the distance between the battery cell 6 with abnormal temperature and the adjacent battery cell 6, separate the adjacent battery cells 6 at the battery cell 6 with abnormal temperature, and thus hinder the heat transfer between the battery cells 6.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the surface area to volume ratio of the adjustment layer 82 in the first state is 10:1 to 125:1.

[0080] Illustratively, the surface area to volume ratio of the adjustment layer 82 in the first form can be 10:1, 15:1, 20:1, 25:1, 30:1, 35:1, 40:1, 45:1, 50:1, 55:1, 60:1, 65:1, 70:1, 75:1, 80:1, 85:1, 90:1, 95:1, 100:1, 105:1, 110:1, 115:1, 120:1, or 125:1, or it can be any intermediate value between any adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0081] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the adjustment layer 82 has a large surface area to volume ratio and a small thickness in the first form, and is in the form of a thin film, which can meet the thermal diffusion safety protection requirements of high volume energy density batteries.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment layer 82 is a memory metal film; the ratio of the thickness t2 of the adjustment layer 82 in the deformed state to the thickness t1 of the adjustment layer 82 in the first state is in a range of 20:1 to 100:1.

[0083] The adjustment layer 82 is a memory metal film that can be prepared by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, electrodeposition, or other methods. When the adjustment layer 82 is connected to the thermal insulation layer 81, the memory metal film can be directly coated on the surface of the thermal insulation layer 81 or pressed onto the surface of the thermal insulation layer 81.

[0084] The memory metal film acts as a dynamic adjustment layer 82. When a battery cell 6 in the battery 3 experiences thermal runaway, causing a sharp rise in the temperature of a local area of ​​the battery, the memory metal film adjacent to the battery cell 6 will activate its shape memory effect due to reaching the phase transition temperature. By changing its own structural form, it increases the thickness of the thermal insulation 8 and quickly blocks the heat transfer path. The memory metal film can complete the shape change in a few seconds, and the deformation is reversible. When the ambient temperature is higher than the phase transition temperature of the memory metal film, the memory metal film can change from a flat state (first state) to an expanded state (deformed state); when the ambient temperature is lower than the phase transition temperature, it automatically returns to the flat state (first state).

[0085] Illustratively, the ratio of the thickness of the adjustment layer 82 in the deformed state to the thickness of the adjustment layer 82 in the first state can be 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1, 100:1, or any intermediate value between any of the above adjacent values.

[0086] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned embodiment, the thickness of the memory metal film can be adjusted over a wide range. The thermal insulation member 8, which combines the memory metal film and the thermal insulation layer 81, can utilize the shape memory effect of the memory metal and the high thermal insulation properties of the thermal insulation material to form a thermal management barrier, preventing thermal runaway of a single battery cell 6 from spreading to other battery cells 6, thereby improving battery safety.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness ratio of the thermal insulation layer 81 to the first-state regulating layer 82 is 1:1 to 125:1.

[0088] Illustratively, the thickness ratio of the thermal insulation layer 81 to the adjustment layer 82 in the first form can be 1:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1, 100:1, 110:1, 120:1, 125:1, or any intermediate value between any two adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0089] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thickness of the adjustment layer 82 is no greater than the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 81 when it is in the first form. When the shape memory effect is not activated, the thickness of the thermal insulation component 8 will not be significantly thickened, and the load on the thickness of the thermal insulation component 8 will not be increased.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the regulating layer 82 in the first state ranges from 8 μm to 100 μm; the thickness of the regulating layer 82 in the deformed state ranges from 0.8 mm to 2 mm.

[0091] Illustratively, the thickness of the adjustment layer 82 in the first form can be 8 μm, 18 μm, 28 μm, 38 μm, 48 μm, 58 μm, 68 μm, 78 μm, 88 μm, 98 μm, or 100 μm, or any intermediate value between any two adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0092] Illustratively, the thickness t2 of the adjustment layer 82 in the deformed state can be 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, or 2 mm, or any intermediate value between any two adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0093] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the adjustment layer 82 has minimal effect on the thickness of the thermal insulator 8 in its first configuration. However, in its deformed configuration, it significantly changes the distance between adjacent battery cells 6, providing safety protection against thermal diffusion. The minimum thickness of the adjustment layer 82 in the first configuration is 8 μm. Taking into account manufacturing difficulty and cost, the maximum thickness t1 of the adjustment layer 82 in the first configuration can be 100 μm, ensuring that the battery cells 6 are not damaged when deformed into the deformed configuration.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase transition temperature ranges from 200°C to 300°C.

[0095] Illustratively, the phase transition temperature may be 200°C, 210°C, 220°C, 230°C, 240°C, 250°C, 260°C, 270°C, 280°C, 290°C, or 300°C, or any intermediate value between any two adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0096] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the upper limit of the phase transition temperature is 300°C, matching the temperature at which the battery triggers thermal runaway. The lower limit of the phase transition temperature is 200°C. Below 200°C, thermal runaway will not occur in the battery cell 6. Setting the phase transition temperature range to 200°C to 300°C can isolate a single battery cell 6 in the event of thermal runaway, preventing heat from spreading to adjacent battery cells 6.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 81 ranges from 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

[0098] Illustratively, the thickness of the thermal insulation layer 81 may be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, or 1 mm, or any intermediate value between any two adjacent values ​​mentioned above.

[0099] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thickness of the heat insulation layer 81 is less than 1 mm, which can meet the size requirements of high volume energy density batteries.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 9 As shown, the heat insulation layer 81 is one layer, the regulating layer 82 is two layers, and the heat insulation layer 81 is located between the two regulating layers 82 .

[0101] The thermal insulation member 8 is bonded to the battery cell 6 via an adjustment layer 82. The thickness of the two adjustment layers 82 can be the same or different. The bonding surface area of ​​adjacent adjustment layers 82 and thermal insulation layers 81 can be the same or different. When the adjustment layer 82 is two layers, the adjustment layer 82 can be applied to both surfaces of the thermal insulation layer 81.

[0102] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thermal insulation member 8 is provided with two adjustment layers 82, which not only increases the adjustment amount, but also forms a double insurance mechanism (at least one adjustment layer 82 can work normally), thereby ensuring the thermal insulation performance.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 As shown, the heat insulation layer 81 is composed of two layers, and the adjustment layer 82 is composed of one layer. The adjustment layer 82 is located between the two heat insulation layers 81 .

[0104] When the thermal insulation element 8 is flanked by insulation layers 81 and the interlayer is an adjustment layer 82, the two insulation layers 81 can sandwich the adjustment layer 82. The thickness of the two insulation layers 81 can be the same or different. The contact surface area of ​​adjacent adjustment layers 82 and insulation layers 81 can be the same or different.

[0105] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thermal insulation member 8 is provided with two thermal insulation layers 81, which can realize bidirectional thermal insulation between adjacent battery cells 6, reduce the heat transferred to the adjustment layer 82, thereby reducing the number of deformations of the adjustment layer 82 and improving the service life of the adjustment layer 82.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 10 As shown, the heat insulation layer 81 and the regulating layer 82 are both multi-layered and alternately stacked.

[0107] Multiple layers of thermal insulation layers 81 and adjustment layers 82 are alternately stacked. The two surfaces of the thermal insulation member 8 that contact the battery cell 6 can both be thermal insulation layers 81 and adjustment layers 82, or one surface can be thermal insulation layer 81 and the other surface can be adjustment layer 82. The thickness of each adjustment layer 82 and thermal insulation layer 81 can be independently set.

[0108] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thermal insulation member 8 includes multiple thermal insulation layers 81 and adjustment layers 82 alternately stacked, which can enhance the thermal insulation performance, increase the thickness deformation, and thus enhance the thermal insulation performance.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present application, the memory metal film is a nickel-titanium film, a copper-aluminum-nickel alloy film, a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy film, a nickel-aluminum film, an iron-based film, or a composite thereof. The thermal insulation layer 81 is a glass fiber aerogel layer, a ceramic aerogel layer, a pre-oxidized silk aerogel layer, and a polyurethane foam layer, or a composite thereof.

[0110] When the thermal insulation element 8 includes multiple thermal insulation layers 81 and / or multiple adjustment layers 82, the materials selected for each thermal insulation layer 81 can be the same or different, and each thermal insulation layer 81 can be made of one or more materials. The materials selected for each adjustment layer 82 can be the same or different, and each adjustment layer 82 can be made of one or more materials.

[0111] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, thermal insulation layer 81 has a fixed thickness and extremely low thermal conductivity and heat resistance, effectively preventing heat conduction. When combined with the memory metal film, thermal insulation layer 81 forms a tighter thermal barrier that can be dynamically adjusted, thereby reducing the possibility of heat diffusion and effectively suppressing it.

[0112] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, multiple battery cells 6 are stacked along a first direction X, with gaps between adjacent battery cells 6, and thermal insulation members 8 are located in the gaps; along the first direction X, the thickness of the thermal insulation member 8 is not less than the width of the gap.

[0113] Multiple battery cells 6 are stacked along a first direction X, with the length and height of the battery cells 6 perpendicular to the first direction X. A thermal insulator 8 is positioned between adjacent battery cells 6 in the first direction X, with the thickness of the thermal insulator 8 being no less than the width of the gap. This means that the thermal insulator 8 is compressed during assembly, and the adjacent battery cells 6 squeeze the thermal insulator 8 within the gap.

[0114] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the thermal insulation member 8 is sandwiched between adjacent battery cells 6, which not only plays a role of thermal insulation and heat transfer path adjustment (changing the width of the gap between adjacent battery cells 6), but also plays a buffering role, preventing the battery cells 6 from being excessively squeezed during assembly, thereby protecting the battery cells 6.

[0115] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of battery cells 6 are arranged side by side along the second direction Y, and a heat insulating member 8 is provided between two adjacent rows of battery cells 6; the first direction X and the second direction Y are arranged perpendicularly.

[0116] In the first direction X, the plurality of battery cells 6 are stacked and arranged; in the second direction Y, the plurality of battery cells 6 are arranged side by side, and the battery 3 is integrated by the plurality of battery cells 6 .

[0117] Between two adjacent rows of battery cells 6, the thermal insulation member 8 may be fitted as a whole; or there may be multiple thermal insulation members 8, with one thermal insulation member 8 arranged between every two battery cells 6; or multiple thermal insulation members 8 may be arranged end to end along the first direction X between two adjacent rows of battery cells 6.

[0118] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, the battery 3 is directly integrated with the battery cell 6, which can improve the volume energy density of the battery 3. The thermal insulation member 8 is arranged between two adjacent rows of battery cells 6, which can insulate the side of the battery cell 6 and adjust the heat transfer path.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 As shown, a battery module 7 is also included, and the battery 3 includes a plurality of battery cells 6; the plurality of battery modules 7 are arranged side by side along the first direction X and / or the second direction Y; and a heat insulating member 8 is provided between adjacent battery modules 7.

[0120] The battery cells 6 can first be combined into battery modules 7, and then multiple battery modules 7 can be assembled into a battery 3. The multiple battery modules 7 are arranged side by side in the battery, and can be arranged side by side along the first direction X, along the second direction Y, or along both the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0121] In the technical solution of the above embodiment, multiple battery cells 6 are first assembled into battery modules 7, and then multiple battery modules 7 are assembled into batteries 3. This can facilitate assembly operations during the production process of batteries 3. Thermal insulation 8 is located between adjacent battery modules 7 to effectively block heat diffusion between battery modules 7.

[0122] In a second aspect, some embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device, which includes a battery provided by any of the above embodiments, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0123] The electrical device provided in the embodiment of the present application has all the beneficial effects of the battery 3 in any of the embodiments of the first aspect described above. For details, please refer to the specific description of the battery in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0124] The embodiment of the present application provides a battery 3, comprising a plurality of battery cells 6 and a thermal insulation member 8 arranged between adjacent battery cells 6. The thermal insulation member 8 is located between adjacent battery cells 6, and comprises a thermal insulation layer 81 and an adjustment layer 82. The thermal insulation layer 81 can block heat transfer between the battery cells 6. The adjustment layer 82 has a phase change temperature, and has a deformation form when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the phase change temperature. It can deform and change the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation member 8. The adjustment layer 82 of the thermal insulation member 8 is stacked on the thermal insulation layer 81 and is composited with the thermal insulation layer 81 into one body. Thus, the thermal insulation member 8 has both thermal insulation and heat transfer path adjustment functions. It is no longer a single passive insulation. It can delay or block heat transfer between the battery cells 6, improve thermal insulation performance, and facilitate heat diffusion safety protection.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of battery cells and a heat insulating member disposed between adjacent battery cells, wherein the heat insulating member comprises: Thermal insulation layer for thermal insulation; The regulating layer is stacked on the thermal insulation layer, the regulating layer has a phase transition temperature, and the regulating layer has a deformation shape when the ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the phase transition temperature to change the heat transfer path of the thermal insulation component.

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjustment layer has a first form in an environment with a temperature lower than the phase transition temperature, and the thickness of the adjustment layer in the deformed form is greater than the thickness of the first form.

3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The surface area to volume ratio of the adjustment layer in the first form is 10:1 to 125:

1.

4. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The adjustment layer is a memory metal film; The ratio of the thickness of the adjustment layer in the deformed state to the thickness of the adjustment layer in the first state is in a range of 20:1 to 100:

1.

5. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The ratio of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer to the thickness of the adjustment layer in the first form is 1:1 to 125:

1.

6. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that The thickness of the adjustment layer in the first form ranges from 8 μm to 100 μm; The thickness of the adjustment layer in the deformed state ranges from 0.8 mm to 2 mm.

7. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The phase transition temperature ranges from 200°C to 300°C.

8. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the thermal insulation layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

9. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat-insulating layer is one layer, the regulating layer is two layers, and the heat-insulating layer is located between the two regulating layers.

10. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat-insulating layer is composed of two layers, and the regulating layer is composed of one layer. The regulating layer is located between the two heat-insulating layers.

11. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The heat-insulating layer and the regulating layer are both multi-layered and alternately stacked.

12. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that The memory metal film is one of nickel-titanium film, copper-aluminum-nickel alloy film, copper-zinc-aluminum alloy film, nickel-aluminum film and iron-based film, or a composite film thereof; The heat insulation layer is one of a glass fiber aerogel layer, a ceramic aerogel layer, a pre-oxidized silk aerogel layer and a polyurethane foam layer, or a composite film layer thereof.

13. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of battery cells are stacked along a first direction, with gaps between adjacent battery cells, and the heat insulating member is located in the gaps; Along the first direction, the thickness of the thermal insulation member is not less than the width of the gap.

14. The battery according to claim 13, characterized in that The plurality of battery cells are arranged side by side along the second direction, and the heat insulating member is provided between two adjacent rows of battery cells; The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

15. The battery according to claim 14, characterized in that Also included is a battery module, wherein the battery includes a plurality of battery cells; The plurality of battery modules are arranged side by side along the first direction and / or the second direction; The heat insulating member is provided between adjacent battery modules.

16. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is used to provide electrical energy.

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