Automatic adjusting system for power monitoring and power distribution

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic regulation of power distribution stations, in particular to an automatic regulation system for power monitoring and power distribution, which comprises a main control module, a communication module, an electric energy quality analyzer, a harmonic analyzer, a temperature and humidity regulation system and a gas concentration regulation system. The communication module, the electric energy quality analyzer, the harmonic analyzer, the temperature and humidity adjusting system and the gas concentration adjusting system are all connected with the main control module, the main control module exchanges data with the server through the communication module, the electric energy quality analyzer monitors voltage and current parameters in a power grid in real time, the harmonic analyzer identifies harmonic components in the power grid, and the temperature and humidity adjusting system is connected with the gas concentration adjusting system. The temperature and humidity adjusting system adjusts temperature and humidity in the power distribution station, and the gas concentration adjusting system ensures that combustible gas in the power distribution station is within a normal range. And all-weather uninterrupted monitoring of environmental parameters in the power distribution room can be realized. And the microcontroller can quickly process data and make a corresponding control decision, so that an emergency situation can be quickly responded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic regulation of power distribution stations, in particular to an automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution. Background Art

[0002] As the scale and complexity of power systems continue to expand, distribution stations, as key nodes for power transmission and distribution, are directly related to the safety and stability of the entire power grid. Traditional distribution station monitoring and regulation mainly rely on manual inspections and simple automation equipment, which has the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1) Traditional manual inspection methods cannot monitor various parameters in the distribution room (such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration, etc.) around the clock and continuously, making it difficult to detect potential problems in a timely manner. Even with existing partially automated systems, the data collection and processing speed is relatively slow and cannot respond quickly to emergencies.

[0004] 2) In high-voltage environments, manual inspections pose certain safety risks, especially in inclement weather conditions. Existing systems often react slowly to flammable gases, preventing immediate and effective protective measures.

[0005] 3) Due to the lack of remote monitoring and diagnostic functions, technicians need to be dispatched to conduct on-site inspections in the event of a failure, which increases maintenance time and costs;

[0006] 4) There are power quality issues and harmonic pollution problems caused by nonlinear loads;

[0007] 5) There is a danger of non-professionals entering by mistake.

[0008] In summary, the existing distribution station monitoring and regulation technology has obvious deficiencies in terms of real-time performance, accuracy, intelligence, safety, and energy efficiency. A more advanced and comprehensive solution is urgently needed to improve the management level and operating efficiency of distribution rooms. Utility Model Content

[0009] In order to achieve intelligence, improve energy efficiency and safety effects, an automatic adjustment system for power monitoring and distribution is provided.

[0010] In order to achieve the purpose of the utility model, the technical solution adopted is: an automatic adjustment system for power monitoring and distribution, including a main control module, a communication module, a power quality analyzer, a harmonic analyzer, a temperature and humidity adjustment system and a gas concentration adjustment system. The communication module, the power quality analyzer, the harmonic analyzer, the temperature and humidity adjustment system and the gas concentration adjustment system are all connected to the main control module. The main control module exchanges data with the server through the communication module. The power quality analyzer monitors the voltage and current parameters in the power grid in real time. The harmonic analyzer identifies the harmonic components in the power grid. The temperature and humidity adjustment system adjusts the temperature and humidity in the distribution station. The gas concentration adjustment system ensures that the combustible gas in the distribution station is within a normal range.

[0011] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the main control module is a microcontroller U1, and the microcontroller U1 is STM32F103C6T6.

[0012] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the automatic adjustment system for power monitoring and distribution also includes a high-definition camera and a perimeter infrared sensing fence. The high-definition camera and the perimeter infrared sensing fence are both electrically connected to the main control module. The high-definition camera provides uninterrupted video monitoring, covering the substation and distribution room, and the perimeter infrared sensing fence is installed around the substation and distribution room.

[0013] As an optimized solution of the present utility model, the communication module includes a LoRa chip U2, the 21st pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA4 pin of the microcontroller U1, the 20th pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA5 pin of the microcontroller U1, and the 16th pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA6 pin of the microcontroller U1.

[0014] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the temperature and humidity adjustment system includes a temperature and humidity detection circuit and a temperature and humidity adjustment unit. The temperature and humidity detection circuit includes a temperature and humidity sensor U3, a capacitor C16, a resistor R15 and a resistor R16. The SCL pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB6 pin of the microcontroller U1, the SDA pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB7 pin of the microcontroller U1, the resistor R16 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SDA pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3, the VCC pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is grounded through the capacitor C16, and the resistor R15 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SCL pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3.

[0015] As an optimized solution of the present invention, the temperature and humidity adjustment unit includes a refrigeration cycle system consisting of a condenser and an evaporator, an electric heater, an ultrasonic humidifier and an adsorption dehumidifier.

[0016] As an optimized solution of the present utility model, the gas concentration adjustment system includes a gas concentration detection unit and a gas concentration adjustment unit, the gas concentration detection unit includes a gas concentration sensor U3, the digital signal output pin D0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to the PB8 pin of the microcontroller U1, and the analog signal output pin A0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to the PB9 pin of the microcontroller U1; the gas concentration adjustment unit includes an exhaust fan.

[0017] The utility model has positive effects:

[0018] 1) By integrating multiple sensors and analyzers, including a power quality analyzer, harmonic analyzer, temperature and humidity sensors, and gas concentration sensors, this system enables 24 / 7 uninterrupted monitoring of environmental parameters within the power distribution room. The microcontroller rapidly processes data and makes appropriate control decisions, enabling rapid response to emergencies.

[0019] 2) The high-definition cameras and perimeter infrared sensor fences of this utility model provide additional security, preventing unauthorized access and immediately triggering an alarm in the event of an intrusion. In addition, continuous monitoring of combustible gas concentrations can effectively prevent fires or explosions.

[0020] 3) The remote monitoring and diagnostic functions of the utility model allow technicians to perform troubleshooting and maintenance work remotely, reducing the need for on-site operations and lowering labor costs;

[0021] 4) By accurately measuring and analyzing the voltage, current, and harmonic components in the power grid, the system helps to promptly detect and resolve power quality issues, such as voltage fluctuations and current distortion, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of power supply.

[0022] 5) The temperature and humidity control system of the utility model can automatically adjust the temperature and humidity levels in the distribution station according to actual needs, keep the equipment in the best working condition, and extend the service life; the refrigeration cycle, heating, humidification and dehumidification devices in the system can be intelligently started and stopped according to environmental conditions, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a principle block diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the main control module of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the utility model communication module;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity detection circuit of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is the internal circuit principle diagram of the gas concentration sensor of the utility model;

[0029] Among them: 1. Main control module, 2. Communication module, 3. Power quality analyzer, 4. Harmonic analyzer, 5. Temperature and humidity control system, 6. Gas concentration control system, 7. High-definition camera, 8. Perimeter infrared sensor fence. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this patent clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this utility model.

[0031] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments derived by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other example numerical values ​​of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model discloses an automatic adjustment system for power monitoring and distribution, including a main control module 1, a communication module 2, a power quality analyzer 3, a harmonic analyzer 4, a temperature and humidity adjustment system 5 and a gas concentration adjustment system 6. The communication module 2, the power quality analyzer 3, the harmonic analyzer 4, the temperature and humidity adjustment system 5 and the gas concentration adjustment system 6 are all connected to the main control module 1. The main control module 1 exchanges data with the server through the communication module 2. The power quality analyzer 3 monitors the voltage and current parameters in the power grid in real time. The harmonic analyzer 4 identifies the harmonic components in the power grid. The temperature and humidity adjustment system 5 adjusts the temperature and humidity in the distribution station. The gas concentration adjustment system 6 ensures that the combustible gas in the distribution station is within a normal range.

[0035] Power quality analyzer 3 monitors the voltage and current parameters of the power grid in real time, enabling timely detection and resolution of power quality issues such as voltage fluctuations and current distortion. Harmonic analyzer 4 identifies harmonic components in the power grid, helping to diagnose and resolve harmonic pollution issues caused by nonlinear loads and improve power supply quality. Power quality analyzer 3 uses the EM-3035, a portable power quality analyzer suitable for on-site measurement and analysis. Harmonic analyzer 4 uses the Fluke 435-II, which features powerful harmonic analysis capabilities.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the main control module 1 is a microcontroller U1, and the microcontroller U1 is an STM32F103C6T6. The STM32F103C6T6 is a 32-bit microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core and is a high-performance, low-power microcontroller.

[0037] The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution also includes a high-definition camera 7 and a perimeter infrared sensor fence 8. Both are electrically connected to the main control module 1. The HD camera 7 provides uninterrupted video surveillance, covering the substation and distribution room. The perimeter infrared sensor fence 8 is installed around the substation and distribution room. The HD camera 7 provides 24 / 7 uninterrupted video surveillance, covering key areas such as the distribution room. This helps to detect anomalies in a timely manner, identifies unauthorized entry into protected areas, and triggers an alarm. If someone attempts to cross the fence, the perimeter infrared sensor fence 8 immediately generates an alarm signal, which can also trigger other security measures such as lighting and sirens.

[0038] like Figure 3As shown, communication module 2 includes a LoRa chip U2. Pin 21 of LoRa chip U2 is connected to pin PA4 of microcontroller U1, pin 20 of LoRa chip U2 is connected to pin PA5 of microcontroller U1, and pin 16 of LoRa chip U2 is connected to pin PA6 of microcontroller U1. LoRa chip U2 is the ASR6501 LoRa wireless communication chipset. This chip integrates a LoRa wireless transceiver and a 32-bit RISC microcontroller (MCU) with a LoRa modem, enabling coverage of the 150MHz to 960MHz frequency band. The chipset's LoRa modem is responsible for signal modulation. Furthermore, this chipset achieves an ultra-high sensitivity exceeding -140dBm and a maximum transmit power of 21dBm, making it ideal for large-area monitoring.

[0039] The temperature and humidity adjustment system 5 includes a temperature and humidity detection circuit and a temperature and humidity adjustment unit. Figure 4 As shown, the temperature and humidity detection circuit includes a temperature and humidity sensor U3, capacitor C16, resistors R15, and resistors R16. The SCL pin of temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB6 pin of microcontroller U1, and the SDA pin of temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB7 pin of microcontroller U1. Resistor R16 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SDA pin of temperature and humidity sensor U3. The VCC pin of temperature and humidity sensor U3 is grounded through capacitor C16. Resistor R15 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SCL pin of temperature and humidity sensor U3. Temperature and humidity sensor U3 is a SHTC3 temperature sensor with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.2°C (at 25°C) and a humidity measurement accuracy of ±2% RH. The operating temperature range is from -40°C to +125°C.

[0040] The temperature and humidity adjustment unit includes a refrigeration cycle system consisting of a condenser and an evaporator, an electric heater, an ultrasonic humidifier and an adsorption dehumidifier.

[0041] Read the current temperature and humidity values ​​from the SHTC3 sensor.

[0042] If the current temperature is greater than the target temperature: start the refrigeration cycle system and turn off the electric heater.

[0043] If the current temperature is less than the target temperature: start the electric heater and shut down the refrigeration cycle system.

[0044] If current temperature ≈ target temperature: turn off cooling and heating equipment.

[0045] If current humidity < target humidity: start ultrasonic humidifier. Turn off adsorption dehumidifier.

[0046] If current humidity > target humidity: start the adsorption dehumidifier. Turn off the ultrasonic humidifier.

[0047] If the current humidity ≈ the target humidity: turn off the humidification and dehumidification equipment.

[0048] The gas concentration control system 6 includes a gas concentration detection unit and a gas concentration control unit. The gas concentration detection unit includes a gas concentration sensor U3. The digital signal output pin D0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to the PB8 pin of the microcontroller U1, and the analog signal output pin A0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to the PB9 pin of the microcontroller U1. The gas concentration control unit includes an exhaust fan. The gas concentration sensor U3 uses an MQ-2 sensor, which is suitable for detecting flammable gases such as liquefied gas, benzene, alkane, alcohol, and hydrogen. The VCC pin is connected to a 5V voltage, and the GND pin is grounded. The internal circuit schematic is shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, a gas sensor connected to a microcontroller continuously monitors the concentration of combustible gases in the environment. The sensor signal is converted into a combustible gas concentration value and compared with a preset safety threshold. If the detected gas concentration is below the set safety threshold, monitoring continues. If the gas concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the microcontroller triggers a series of actions, activating a relay to turn on the exhaust fan.

[0049] When working, EM-3035 continuously monitors the voltage and current parameters in the power grid.

[0050] The main control module U1 reads these parameters regularly and performs preliminary analysis.

[0051] If an abnormality is found (such as voltage fluctuation or current distortion), it is recorded and reported to the server. Fluke 435-II continuously monitors the harmonic components in the power grid. The main control module U1 regularly reads the harmonic data and analyzes it. If serious harmonic pollution is found, it is recorded and reported to the server. 2 The C interface reports the current temperature and humidity to the main control module U1. Based on preset target values, the main control module U1 decides whether to activate cooling, heating, humidification, or dehumidification. The MQ-2 sensor continuously monitors the concentration of combustible gases in the environment. The main control module U1 periodically reads the gas concentration and compares it to a safety threshold. If the concentration exceeds the safety threshold, a relay is activated to turn on the exhaust fan.

[0052] High-definition cameras 7 provide continuous video streaming to monitor key areas of the substation and distribution room. This video stream can be transmitted to a server via communication module U2 for remote monitoring. Perimeter infrared sensor fences 8 continuously monitor for unauthorized intrusions.

[0053] The main control module U1 uploads the collected data (such as power quality, harmonic components, temperature and humidity, gas concentration, etc.) to the server through the LoRa chip U2.

[0054] The server can further analyze the data and generate reports. Based on the analysis results, the server can send control instructions to the main control module U1 through the LoRa chip U2.

[0055] If a serious power quality problem is found, the main control module U1 will record the detailed information and report it to the server through the communication module U2. The server may instruct to take appropriate corrective measures. If serious harmonic pollution is found, the main control module U1 will report it to the server and may recommend filtering measures. If the temperature and humidity exceed the set range, the main control module U1 will automatically start the corresponding adjustment equipment and record the event. If the gas concentration exceeds the safety threshold, the main control module U1 will immediately start the exhaust fan and sound an alarm. If the perimeter infrared sensing fence 8 detects an illegal intrusion, the main control module U1 will immediately trigger an alarm and notify the relevant personnel.

[0056] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution, characterized by: The invention comprises a main control module (1), a communication module (2), a power quality analyzer (3), a harmonic analyzer (4), a temperature and humidity adjustment system (5), and a gas concentration adjustment system (6); the communication module (2), the power quality analyzer (3), the harmonic analyzer (4), the temperature and humidity adjustment system (5), and the gas concentration adjustment system (6) are all connected to the main control module (1); the main control module (1) exchanges data with a server through the communication module (2); the power quality analyzer (3) monitors the voltage and current parameters in the power grid in real time; the harmonic analyzer (4) identifies the harmonic components in the power grid; the temperature and humidity adjustment system (5) adjusts the temperature and humidity in the power distribution station; and the gas concentration adjustment system (6) ensures that the combustible gas in the power distribution station is within a normal range.

2. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control module (1) is a microcontroller U1, and the microcontroller U1 is STM32F103C6T6.

3. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution further comprises a high-definition camera (7) and a perimeter infrared sensing fence (8), both of which are electrically connected to the main control module (1), the high-definition camera (7) providing uninterrupted video monitoring covering the substation and the distribution room, and the perimeter infrared sensing fence (8) being installed around the substation and the distribution room.

4. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication module (2) includes a LoRa chip U2, wherein the 21st pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA4 pin of the microcontroller U1, the 20th pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA5 pin of the microcontroller U1, and the 16th pin of the LoRa chip U2 is connected to the PA6 pin of the microcontroller U1.

5. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity adjustment system (5) includes a temperature and humidity detection circuit and a temperature and humidity adjustment unit. The temperature and humidity detection circuit includes a temperature and humidity sensor U3, a capacitor C16, a resistor R15 and a resistor R16. The SCL pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB6 pin of the microcontroller U1, the SDA pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is connected to the PB7 pin of the microcontroller U1, the resistor R16 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SDA pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3, the VCC pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3 is grounded through the capacitor C16, and the resistor R15 is connected between the power supply VCC and the SCL pin of the temperature and humidity sensor U3.

6. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity adjustment unit includes a refrigeration cycle system consisting of a condenser and an evaporator, an electric heater, an ultrasonic humidifier and an adsorption dehumidifier.

7. The automatic regulation system for power monitoring and distribution according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas concentration regulating system (6) comprises a gas concentration detection unit and a gas concentration regulating unit, wherein the gas concentration detection unit comprises a gas concentration sensor U3, a digital signal output pin D0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to a PB8 pin of the microcontroller U1, and an analog signal output pin A0 of the gas concentration sensor U3 is connected to a PB9 pin of the microcontroller U1; and the gas concentration regulating unit comprises an exhaust fan.

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