Garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage pyrolysis, and particularly discloses a garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device which comprises a pyrolysis furnace, an air chamber arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, a feeding device, an air outlet channel and an air feeder, the feeding device, the air outlet channel and the air feeder are communicated with the pyrolysis furnace, the air chamber is communicated with the air feeder, and a fire grate is arranged in the air chamber. According to the garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device provided by the utility model, the furnace grate is horizontally arranged at the furnace bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and the air holes are uniformly formed in the furnace grate, so that the pyrolysis furnace is uniform in air distribution, uniform in slag discharge and not easy to deviate and coke.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the main technologies used for waste disposal include landfill, incineration, and pyrolysis. Landfill, however, consumes land resources, has significant environmental impacts, and is difficult to remediate, so its application is primarily focused on emergency response. Incineration, on the other hand, requires significant investment, has high operating and environmental costs, requires large project scale, and has a limited market potential. Pyrolysis, which converts waste into high-quality combustible gases for other high-value uses and helps suppress dioxin formation, is garnering increasing attention.

[0003] Existing pyrolysis furnaces are primarily rotary kilns, which occupy large spaces and typically process over 20 tons per day. Some vertical furnaces also operate at capacities of 10 to 25 tons per day. Projects with capacities under 10 tons per day lack suitable equipment and are often scaled down from vertical furnaces. Existing waste pyrolysis furnaces under 10 tons per day suffer from several issues, including uneven air distribution, prone to uneven burning, and coking, which impact operational safety.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage that can solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage in response to the defects of the existing technology, aiming to solve the technical problems of uneven air distribution, easy partial burning, coking, etc. when pyrolyzing garbage in existing garbage pyrolysis furnaces with a capacity of less than 10t / d.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage comprises a pyrolysis furnace, a feeding device connected to the pyrolysis furnace, an air outlet channel and a blower. The pyrolysis device also comprises an air chamber arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, the air chamber being connected to the blower, grates being arranged in parallel in the air chamber, and air holes being evenly opened on the grate plates of the grate.

[0008] Different from the prior art, the garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device provided by the utility model can achieve uniform air distribution in the pyrolysis furnace by arranging grates in parallel in the wind chamber and opening air holes evenly on the grate pieces.

[0009] Furthermore, the grate plates of the grate are connected by a connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the grate rockers arranged on both sides of the wind chamber.

[0010] With this arrangement, the grate rockers on both sides of the wind chamber can be shaken to partially flip the grate to achieve slag discharge, and by adjusting the grate rockers, the material level at various locations in the pyrolysis furnace can be effectively controlled to prevent uneven burning in the pyrolysis furnace.

[0011] Furthermore, the pyrolysis furnace includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged on the top of the pyrolysis furnace, and the lower part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the outer cylinder.

[0012] It should be noted that the interior of the pyrolysis furnace provided by the utility model is built with insulating furnace bricks and is divided into an inner tube and an outer tube by a wall.

[0013] The utility model divides the pyrolysis furnace into an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder by a wall, thereby reducing the height of the interior of the pyrolysis furnace. The cavity remaining after the accumulation of materials in the furnace is small, and combustible gas is not easy to accumulate in the furnace, so it is not easy to form an explosion.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding device is connected to the inner cylinder, and the feeding device includes a gate, a hopper arranged above the gate, and a feeding assembly arranged below the gate. A level meter is provided on the top of the inner cylinder, which can be used to control the height of the material accumulated in the inner cylinder.

[0015] With this arrangement, when the material level meter feeds back that the material level of the pyrolysis furnace is low, the feeding device opens the gate, and the material in the hopper falls into the feeding assembly, and is then sent into the pyrolysis furnace under the thrust of the feeding assembly. When the material level meter feeds back that the material level is sufficient, the gate is closed.

[0016] Furthermore, the feeding assembly includes a feeding pipe and a spiral structure arranged in the feeding pipe.

[0017] With this arrangement, the material in the hopper falls into the feed pipe and is then fed into the pyrolysis furnace under the thrust of the spiral structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the feed assembly is provided with three drop openings, which extend into the inner cylinder. The width of the middle drop opening is smaller than the diameter of the feed pipe, and the diameters of the drop openings arranged on both sides of the middle drop opening are larger than the diameter of the feed pipe, so that the drop openings evenly distribute the garbage into the inner cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, an exhaust duct is provided on the upper portion of the hopper, and the exhaust duct is connected to the air suction port of the blower.

[0020] Through this arrangement, the odor generated by the garbage can be sent to the pyrolysis furnace to participate in the reaction, preventing the smell of the garbage from leaking out.

[0021] Furthermore, the garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device also includes a gas pipe. There are two gas outlet channels, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the outer cylinder and connected to the interior of the outer cylinder. The gas outlet channels are connected to the gas pipe, so that the gas coming out of the two gas outlet channels is merged into the gas pipe. The gas pipe is connected to a gas purification device, which can purify the gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace. Finally, the gas can be sent to the gas-using equipment to save energy.

[0022] Furthermore, a slag discharger is provided below the wind chamber, and the slag discharger is water-cooled slag. A partition is provided in the direction of the slag discharge port of the slag discharger, and the partition separates the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace and a part of the slag discharge port. The water level of the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace and the slag discharge port are at the same height.

[0023] Furthermore, at least one inspection door is provided around the pyrolysis furnace to facilitate regular inspection of the pyrolysis furnace, and the inspection door is provided above the wind chamber.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0025] (1) The garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device provided by the utility model is characterized by horizontally arranging a grate at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, wherein the grate is evenly provided with air holes, so that the pyrolysis furnace is evenly supplied with air and slag is evenly discharged, and is not prone to uneven burning or coking.

[0026] (2) The high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage provided by the utility model generates high-temperature combustible gas in the pyrolysis furnace. The combustible gas is discharged from the gas pipeline without sticking to the pipeline. After being purified by the gas purification device, it is sent to the gas using device, which can utilize the gas and save energy.

[0027] (3) The pyrolysis furnace in the high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage provided by the utility model can be assembled more than 90% of the time in the factory. The modular structure and the low overall height enable it to be quickly loaded on a trailer and moved. After arriving at the place of use, it can be quickly installed and used in conjunction with gas-using equipment and flue gas purification equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pyrolysis furnace;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting part between the feeding device and the pyrolysis furnace;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model when working. Description of the drawings:

[0032] 1. Pyrolysis furnace; 11. Outer tube; 12. Inner tube; 3. Feeding device; 301. Gate; 302. Feeding assembly; 303. Hopper; 3021. Spiral structure; 3022. Feeding pipe; 3023. Dropping port; 4. Gas outlet channel; 5. Gas purification device; 6. Wind chamber; 7. Grate; 701. Grate rocker; 8. Slag discharger; 9. Inspection door; 10. Material level meter; 13. Gas pipeline; 14. Blower; 15. Gas blower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0034] Example

[0035] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-temperature pyrolysis device for garbage, comprising a pyrolysis furnace 1, a feeding device 3, an air outlet channel 4 and a blower 14 connected to the pyrolysis furnace 1, and a wind chamber 6 arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 1, wherein the wind chamber 6 is connected to the blower 14, and a grate 7 is arranged in parallel in the wind chamber 6, and air holes (not shown in the figure) are evenly opened on the grate pieces (not marked in the figure) of the grate 7, so that uniform air distribution in the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be achieved.

[0036] Specifically, the grate plates of the grate 7 are connected by a connecting rod (not marked in the figure), and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the grate rocker 701 arranged on both sides of the wind chamber 6, so that by shaking the grate rocker 701, the grate 7 can be partially flipped to achieve slag discharge, and by adjusting the grate rocker 701, the material level at various locations in the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be effectively controlled, thereby preventing uneven burning in the pyrolysis furnace 1.

[0037] Specifically, the pyrolysis furnace 1 includes an outer tube 11 and an inner tube 12. In this embodiment, the interior of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is built with insulating furnace bricks and is separated into the outer tube 11 and the inner tube 12 by a wall. The inner tube 12 is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the lower part of the inner tube 12 is connected to the outer tube 11.

[0038] Specifically, the feeding device 3 is connected to the inner cylinder 12, and the feeding device 3 includes a gate 301, a hopper 303 arranged above the gate 301, and a feeding assembly 302 arranged below the gate 301. A level meter 10 is provided on the top of the inner cylinder 12 for controlling the height of the material accumulated in the inner cylinder 12. In this embodiment, the feeding assembly 302 includes a feeding pipe 3022 and a spiral structure 3021 arranged in the feeding pipe 3022, so that when the level meter 10 feedbacks that the material level of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is low, the feeding device 3 opens the feeding gate 301, and the material in the hopper 303 falls into the feeding pipe 3022, and is sent into the pyrolysis furnace 1 under the thrust of the spiral structure 3021. When the level meter 10 feedbacks that the material level has been fully added, the feeding gate 301 is closed.

[0039] Specifically, the feed pipe 3022 is provided with three drop openings 3023, and the drop openings 3023 extend into the inner cylinder 12. The width of the middle drop opening is smaller than the diameter of the feed pipe 3022, and the width of the drop openings on both sides of the middle drop opening is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe 3022, so that the drop openings 3023 can evenly distribute the garbage into the inner cylinder 12.

[0040] Furthermore, an exhaust duct is provided on the upper portion of the hopper 303, and the exhaust duct is connected to the air intake of the blower 14, so that the odor generated by the garbage can be sent to the pyrolysis furnace 1 to participate in the reaction, thereby preventing the smell of the garbage from leaking out.

[0041] Specifically, the waste pyrolysis device also includes a gas pipe 13. Two gas outlet channels 4 are located on either side of the top of the outer tube 11 and communicate with the interior of the outer tube 11. The gas outlet channels 4 communicate with the gas pipe 13, so that the gas exiting the two gas outlet channels 4 flows into the gas pipe 13. The gas pipe 13 is connected to a gas purification device 5, which purifies the gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace before it is delivered to a gas-using device (not shown). In this embodiment, the gas purification device 5 is connected to a gas blower 15 to deliver the purified gas to the gas-using device. When the pyrolysis furnace 1 is close to the gas-using device, a gas blower is not required; the purified gas can be delivered directly to the gas-using device.

[0042] Furthermore, a slag discharger 8 is provided below the wind chamber 6. The slag discharger 8 of the present embodiment is water-cooled slag, and a partition is provided in the slag outlet direction of the slag discharger 8. The partition separates the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace and a part of the slag outlet, and makes the water level of the furnace bottom and the slag outlet at the same height.

[0043] Furthermore, at least one inspection door 9 is provided around the pyrolysis furnace. In this embodiment, four inspection doors 9 are provided. The inspection doors 9 are provided above the wind chamber 6 for easy inspection.

[0044] When waste is ready for pyrolysis in pyrolysis furnace 1, the crushed solid waste enters the furnace through feeder 3. Under the action of grate 7, the material layer gradually descends, and some of the material slowly flows into the outer tube 11 of the pyrolysis furnace during this process. Gas drawn in by blower 14 enters the air chamber 6 through the air duct, passes through the air holes in the horizontally arranged grate 7, and enters the pyrolysis furnace 1. Above grate 7, a combustion layer, a reduction layer, a pyrolysis layer, and a drying layer are formed in sequence. The hot flue gas at 800-900°C produced in the combustion layer reacts with the upper reduction layer to produce combustible gas at approximately 600-700°C. At this temperature, the dried waste rapidly pyrolyzes, producing a large amount of alkane-type combustible gas. After a brief cooling in the drying layer, the combustible gas is discharged from the pyrolysis furnace's outlet 4 at a temperature of 400-500°C. The high temperature of the gas causes the pyrolysis tar in the gas to be in a gaseous state, making it less likely to stick to pipes. After preliminary purification by gas purification device 5, the gas is delivered to gas-using equipment via gas blower 15.

[0045] Then, the ash formed in the combustion layer of the pyrolysis furnace is partially flipped by the grate rocker 701 set on both sides of the shaking air chamber 6, and the ash above the grate is discharged into the slag discharger 8. Under the action of the cooling water of the slag discharger 8, the ash is rapidly cooled and discharged from the slag outlet through the scraper of the slag discharger 8. The water vapor formed by the cooling of the ash enters the pyrolysis furnace 1 through the air holes of the grate 7, which can reduce the temperature above the grate 7 to a certain extent. In this process, by controlling the shaking of the grate rocker 701 of the grate 7, the material level in the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be effectively controlled, and the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be evenly distributed with air, and uneven burning in the pyrolysis furnace can be prevented. Because the ash is discharged evenly from the top of the grate 7, no coking will occur. Among them, the grate rocker 701 can be manually cranked, or a cylinder can be added to control it, using pneumatic instead of manual power.

[0046] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above description, those skilled in the art may also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and modifications and variations of the present invention should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. In addition, although certain specific terms are used in this description, these terms are for convenience only and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device, comprising a pyrolysis furnace (1), a feeding device (3) connected to the pyrolysis furnace (1), an air outlet channel (4) and a blower (14), characterized in that: The pyrolysis device further comprises a wind chamber (6) arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (1), the wind chamber (6) being connected to the blower (14), a grate (7) being horizontally arranged in the wind chamber (6), and air holes being evenly opened on the grate plates of the grate (7).

2. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grate plates of the grate (7) are connected via a connecting rod, and both ends of the connecting rod are hinged to the grate rocker (701) arranged on both sides of the wind chamber (6).

3. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace (1) comprises an outer cylinder (11) and an inner cylinder (12), wherein the inner cylinder (12) is arranged at the top of the pyrolysis furnace (1), and the lower part of the inner cylinder (12) is communicated with the outer cylinder (11).

4. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding device (3) is in communication with the inner cylinder (12), and comprises a gate plate (301), a hopper (303) arranged above the gate plate (301), and a feeding assembly (302) arranged below the gate plate (301). A material level meter (10) is arranged at the top of the inner cylinder (12).

5. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (302) includes a feeding pipe (3022) and a spiral structure (3021) disposed in the feeding pipe (3022).

6. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed pipe (3022) is provided with three drop openings (3023), and the drop openings (3023) extend into the inner cylinder (12). The width of the middle drop opening is smaller than the diameter of the feed pipe (3022), and the width of the drop openings arranged on both sides of the middle drop opening is larger than the diameter of the feed pipe (3022).

7. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 4, characterized in that: An exhaust duct is provided on the upper portion of the hopper (303), and the exhaust duct is connected to the air suction port of the blower (14).

8. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The garbage high-temperature pyrolysis device also includes a gas pipe (13), and there are two gas outlet channels (4). The two gas outlet channels (4) are respectively arranged on both sides of the top of the outer cylinder (11) and are connected to the interior of the outer cylinder (11). The gas outlet channels (4) are connected to the gas pipe (13), and the gas pipe (13) is connected to the gas purification device (5).

9. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag discharger (8) is provided below the wind chamber (6). The slag discharger (8) is water-cooled slag, and a partition is provided in the slag discharge direction of the slag discharger (8).

10. The garbage high temperature pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one inspection door (9) is provided around the pyrolysis furnace (1), and the inspection door (9) is provided above the wind chamber (6).

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