In-situ soil sampling and measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an in-situ soil sampling and measuring device, and relates to the technical field of field soil sampling and measuring, the testing device comprises a Darcy seepage instrument, a cutting ring structure, a water containing pool and a drainage pool, the interior of the Darcy seepage instrument is suitable for containing water with a certain height; the cutting ring structure is coaxially connected to the bottom of the Darcy seepage instrument, the cutting ring structure is suitable for vertically and downwards cutting into soil, and a soil sample is packaged in the cutting ring structure in situ; the water containing pool is arranged under the cutting ring structure, and the water surface in the water containing pool is immersed to a certain height of the cutting ring structure; and the drain tank is arranged below the water containing tank and is suitable for receiving water overflowing from the water containing tank. The device can be used for directly sampling under field conditions and bringing a soil sample back to a laboratory in situ, so that the sampling quality of the soil sample and the accuracy of measuring the permeability coefficient are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of field soil sampling and measurement, and more particularly to an in-situ soil sampling and measurement device. Background Art

[0002] In environmental science and hydrogeology, determining the hydraulic conductivity of soil is a fundamental factor in understanding and predicting groundwater flow and contaminant migration.

[0003] In existing technologies, field measurements of soil permeability typically rely on field pumping tests and soil sampling followed by laboratory analysis using a Darcy permeameter. While these methods can accurately determine permeability, they often have the following limitations:

[0004] For example, although traditional Darcy permeameter is widely used in permeability measurement, it is mainly limited to laboratory conditions and causes large disturbance to in-situ low-permeability soil samples, making it difficult to effectively reflect the permeability coefficient of the in-situ soil in its natural state.

[0005] Secondly, the permeability coefficient obtained from the field pumping test is relatively general and difficult to characterize the layered or heterogeneous soil environment of the target aquifer.

[0006] Finally, existing soil permeability measurement technologies often exhibit limitations when faced with complex field environments, such as soil layering, diverse hydrogeological conditions, and discontinuous surface cover. These technologies not only affect the in-situ soil structure but also the accurate measurement of permeability. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ soil sampling and measuring device to solve the technical problem that the existing soil sampling method is prone to cause soil sample collapse during sampling or transportation, affecting the original structure and physical properties of the soil sample, and thus causing inaccurate permeability coefficient measurement.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an in-situ soil sampling and measuring device, which includes:

[0009] Darcy seepage meter, the interior of which is suitable for containing water at a certain height;

[0010] A knife ring structure is coaxially connected to the bottom of the Darcy lysimeter, and the knife ring structure is suitable for vertically cutting into the soil downward, so that the soil sample is in situ encapsulated inside the knife ring structure;

[0011] A water storage tank is provided directly below the ring knife structure, and the water level in the water storage tank is submerged to a certain height of the ring knife structure;

[0012] The drainage pool is arranged below the water storage pool and is suitable for receiving water overflowing from the water storage pool.

[0013] Preferably, the ring knife structure includes a cylindrical body and a first flange that are coaxially connected as a whole, the first flange is connected to the lower bottom surface of the Darcy permeometer, and the end face of the cylindrical body away from the first flange has a ring-shaped cutting opening, and the cutting opening is suitable for cutting soil.

[0014] Preferably, the Darcy flowmeter comprises a sand-filled pipe and a second flange that are coaxially and integrally connected, and the second flange is fixedly connected to the first flange via a linking clamp.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the second flange is equal to that of the first flange.

[0016] Preferably, the link clip is any one of a bolt, a pin and a rivet.

[0017] Preferably, a scale is provided on one side surface of the sand filling tube.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of link clips are evenly distributed between the second flange and the first flange.

[0019] Preferably, the outer diameter of the cylindrical body is equal to that of the sand filling tube.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0021] The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device in the present invention consists of a Darcy seepage meter, a ring knife structure, a water storage tank and a drainage tank, wherein the ring knife structure has a sharp edge, which can accurately cut the soil and seal the soil sample, keeping its in-situ structure intact. In addition, the design of the ring knife structure makes it easy to cut into various types of soil and maintain the integrity of the surrounding soil when taking out the soil sample; in addition, the diameter of the ring knife structure is the same as the diameter of the Darcy meter seepage column, and the soil column in the ring knife structure can be directly loaded into the Darcy meter seepage column. The design of the sand filling section of the seepage column adopts a detachable structure, which allows the user to quickly replace or adjust the soil column according to experimental needs when conducting non-steady flow seepage experiments; the soil sample taken out by the ring knife structure can be directly stored in the ring knife, and the container can seal and protect the soil sample to prevent vibration and pressure during transportation from damaging the soil sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the in-situ soil sampling and measuring device in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 1- Ring knife structure;

[0025] 11-cylinder; 111-cutting edge; 12-first flange;

[0026] 2-Darcy flowmeter;

[0027] 21-sand filling pipe; 22-second flange; 23-connecting clamp;

[0028] 3-water storage tank;

[0029] 4- Drain the pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the utility model product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Existing soil sampling methods often cause soil samples to collapse during sampling or transportation, affecting their original structure and physical properties, leading to inaccurate permeability coefficient measurements. Especially in field conditions, traditional sampling methods struggle to ensure the integrity and representativeness of soil samples.

[0035] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an in-situ soil sampling and measuring device, which includes a Darcy permeometer 2, a ring knife structure 1, a water storage tank 3 and a drainage tank 4, wherein:

[0036] The interior of the Darcy seepage meter 2 is suitable for holding water of a certain height; the ring knife structure 1 is coaxially connected to the bottom of the Darcy seepage meter 2, and the ring knife structure 1 is suitable for cutting vertically downward into the soil, and the soil sample is encapsulated in situ inside the ring knife structure 1; the water tank 3 is arranged directly below the ring knife structure 1, and the water surface height in the water tank 3 is submerged to a certain height of the ring knife structure 1; the drainage tank 4 is arranged below the water tank 3, and is suitable for receiving water overflowing from the water tank 3.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the Darcy permeameter 2 is designed based on Darcy's law and is used to measure the permeability coefficient of soil. A knife ring structure 1 is used to collect soil samples in situ. It cuts vertically into the soil, encapsulating the sample within the knife ring structure 1. This preserves the soil's original structure and properties and avoids disturbance during sampling. The knife ring method is suitable for determining the bulk density of mineral soils with a low gravel content and is not suitable for hard and friable soils.

[0038] A water reservoir 3 is located directly below the blade ring structure 1, with the water level submerged to a certain height above the blade ring structure 1. This simulates the soil moisture conditions under natural conditions and provides a moist environment for the soil samples. A drainage tank 4 is located below the water reservoir 3 to receive water that overflows from the water reservoir 3. This maintains a stable water level in the water reservoir 3 and provides a continuous and stable water source for the experiment.

[0039] Therefore, the in-situ soil sampling and measurement device can maintain the original state of the soil sample, reduce disturbance during the sampling process, and improve the accuracy of soil parameter measurement; the device is suitable for a variety of soil types, especially for mineral soils with low gravel content, and can be widely used for the determination of soil parameters such as permeability and bulk density; the design of the device makes it easy to operate, and soil samples can be collected and measured quickly, improving work efficiency; by simulating moisture conditions under natural conditions, the device can more realistically reflect the behavior of soil in the natural environment, providing a scientific basis for soil moisture management.

[0040] In summary, the in-situ soil sampling and measurement device, by combining the design of the Darcy permeometer 2, the ring knife structure 1, the water storage tank 3, and the drainage tank 4, can accurately measure soil parameters such as permeability and bulk density, providing an effective tool for soil science research and practical applications.

[0041] It is necessary to further explain that the seepage rate q in the soil is proportional to the cross-sectional area A of the cylinder and the head loss Δh, and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional spacing l. The specific formula is:

[0042]

[0043] q q=kA

[0044] in, is the hydraulic gradient, and k is the permeability coefficient. The Darcy flowmeter simulates the seepage conditions in the soil by maintaining water at a certain height, thereby measuring the permeability characteristics of the soil.

[0045] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the ring knife structure 1 includes a cylindrical body 11 and a first flange 12 that are coaxially connected as a whole. The first flange 12 is connected to the lower bottom surface of the Darcy permeometer 2, and the end face of the cylindrical body 11 away from the first flange 12 has a ring-shaped cutting opening 111, which is suitable for cutting soil.

[0046] Specifically in this embodiment, the cylindrical body 11 and the first flange 12 in the ring cutter structure 1 are connected coaxially and integrally. This design ensures that the force transmission is more direct and stable when vertically cutting into the soil, reducing deviation or damage caused by improper connection. The end face of the cylindrical body 11 away from the first flange 12 has a ring-shaped cutting opening 111. This design enables the ring cutter structure 1 to adapt to the cutting requirements of different soils. The annular cutting opening 111 can more effectively cut into the soil and collect soil samples; the coaxial integrated connection design reduces the complexity of the connection part and improves the stability and durability of the entire ring cutter structure 1.

[0047] Thus, the design of the annular cutting opening 111 makes the ring knife structure 1 more efficient when collecting soil samples, allowing the collection of soil samples from a larger area at a time, thereby improving work efficiency. The design of the ring knife structure 1 enables it to adapt to different soil conditions, whether hard or soft soil, and can effectively sample. Because the components of the ring knife structure 1 are removable, maintenance and replacement are more convenient, especially when the blade is worn or damaged, it can be quickly repaired or replaced, ensuring the continuity of sampling work.

[0048] For further information, see Figure 1As shown, the Darcy flowmeter 2 includes a coaxially integrated sand-filled tube 21 and a second flange 22 , and the second flange 22 is fixedly connected to the first flange 12 via a linking clamp 23 .

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sand-filling tube 21 and second flange 22 in the Darcy permeometer 2 are coaxially connected. This design ensures more direct and stable force transmission when vertically penetrating the soil, reducing deviation or damage caused by improper connection. Furthermore, the coaxial design helps maintain the symmetry and balance of the instrument. The sand-filling tube 21 primarily functions by filling the instrument with uniformly sized sand to simulate soil infiltration conditions, reducing permeability variations caused by varying soil particle sizes, thereby ensuring more stable and reliable experimental results.

[0050] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the second flange 22 is equal to that of the first flange 12 .

[0051] As a result, the diameters of the two flanges are equal, and they are structurally symmetrical, which helps to maintain the balance and stability of the entire system.

[0052] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the connecting clip 23 can be any of a bolt, a pin, or a rivet. The choice of connecting clip 23 depends on the specific application and design requirements. For example, bolts are suitable for applications requiring quick installation and good seismic resistance; pins are suitable for applications requiring positioning and bearing axial force; and rivets are suitable for applications requiring permanent connection and sealing performance. Each connection method has its own unique advantages and applicable scenarios.

[0053] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, a scale is provided on one side of the sand-filled tube 21. When measuring the soil permeability coefficient in the field, the scale can accurately obtain the water level change of the sand-filled tube of the Darcy permeameter, and then accurately measure the permeability coefficient.

[0054] For further information, see Figure 1 As shown, the outer diameters of the cylindrical body 11 and the sand-filled tube 21 are equal. Specifically in this embodiment, when the outer diameters of the cylindrical body 11 and the sand-filled tube 21 are equal, the hydraulic conditions of the fluid when passing through the cylindrical body 11 and the sand-filled tube 21 can be ensured to be consistent. This consistency helps to reduce local resistance or eddy currents caused by diameter changes, thereby making the experimental results of the Darcy permeameter more accurate and reliable.

[0055] Although the utility model is disclosed as above, the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An in-situ soil sampling and measuring device, characterized in that: include: Darcy seepage meter, the interior of which is suitable for containing water at a certain height; A knife ring structure is coaxially connected to the bottom of the Darcy lysimeter, and the knife ring structure is suitable for vertically cutting into the soil downward, so that the soil sample is in situ encapsulated inside the knife ring structure; A water storage tank is provided directly below the ring knife structure, and the water level in the water storage tank is submerged to a certain height of the ring knife structure; The drainage pool is arranged below the water storage pool and is suitable for receiving water overflowing from the water storage pool.

2. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ring cutter structure includes a cylindrical body and a first flange that are coaxially connected as a whole. The first flange is connected to the lower bottom surface of the Darcy flowmeter, and the end face of the cylindrical body away from the first flange has a ring-shaped cutting opening, which is suitable for cutting soil.

3. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Darcy flowmeter includes a sand-filled pipe and a second flange that are coaxially and integrally connected, and the second flange is fixedly connected to the first flange via a linking clamp.

4. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the second flange is equal to that of the first flange.

5. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The link clip is any one of a bolt, a pin and a rivet.

6. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side surface of the sand filling tube is provided with a scale.

7. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of link clips are evenly distributed between the second flange and the first flange.

8. The in-situ soil sampling and measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the cylindrical body is equal to that of the sand filling pipe.

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