Adjusting circuit for realizing forward rotation and reverse rotation of motor through angle sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjusting circuit for realizing forward rotation and reverse rotation of a motor by an angle sensor, which comprises a motor driving circuit, a voltage input circuit, a single chip microcomputer control circuit and an angle sensor circuit, and is characterized in that the voltage input circuit provides electric energy required by work for the single chip microcomputer control circuit and the angle sensor circuit; the angle sensor circuit detects the angle change of the external magnetic field and sends the angle change to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit for operation. According to the utility model, the angle sensor circuit is used for detecting and identifying the angle change condition of the magnetic field on the output shaft and generating two groups of corresponding sine and cosine voltage signals, and after the singlechip control circuit receives the two groups of sine and cosine voltage signals, the received signals are calculated by adopting an FOC control algorithm. According to a result obtained through calculation, a preset angle stored in the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is adopted to control the forward rotation angle range and the reverse rotation angle range of the motor, and therefore detection of the rotation angle of the output shaft of the motor and rapid conversion of the forward rotation direction and the reverse rotation direction are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of consumer electronic products, in particular to an adjustment circuit for an angle sensor to realize forward and reverse rotation of a motor. Background Art

[0002] An electric toothbrush is a daily oral hygiene tool that uses an electric motor as its power source. Its operating state is controlled by an internal circuit, driving the brush head to vibrate, rotate, or oscillate, helping users more effectively remove food debris and plaque from and between teeth. Compared to traditional manual toothbrushes, electric toothbrushes provide more consistent brushing force and speed, reducing the risk of tooth and gum damage caused by improper brushing techniques.

[0003] In some electric toothbrushes in the prior art, it is necessary to detect the rotation direction of the motor of the electric toothbrush and control it accordingly. However, in existing electric toothbrushes, it is generally necessary to use at least two or more Hall chips to detect the rotation angle of the motor, so as to determine the rotation direction of the motor through the potential difference changes detected by multiple Hall chips. This method requires a large number of Hall chips and a complex circuit, and the production and maintenance costs are high. At the same time, the complex circuit will also make the main structure of the electric toothbrush larger and difficult to miniaturize, affecting the user's grip when using the electric toothbrush.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology has defects and needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an adjustment circuit for an angle sensor to realize forward and reverse rotation of a motor.

[0006] The technical solution of the present utility model is as follows: providing an angle sensor adjustment circuit for realizing forward and reverse rotation of a motor, comprising: a motor drive circuit, a voltage input circuit, a single-chip microcomputer control circuit and an angle sensor circuit, wherein the motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the single-chip microcomputer control circuit, the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the angle sensor circuit, the voltage input circuit provides the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and the angle sensor circuit with the required electrical energy for operation, and the angle sensor circuit detects the angle change of an external magnetic field and sends it to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit for calculation.

[0007] Furthermore, the voltage input circuit includes: a voltage stabilizing chip U2, a resistor R6, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7. The second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4, and one end of the capacitor C5 to the motor drive circuit. The third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with the other end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the capacitor C7 to the 3.3V voltage output. The first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2, the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are grounded respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the control chip U3 of the single chip control circuit adopts a QFN chip.

[0009] Furthermore, the angle sensor circuit adopts a magnetic angle sensor.

[0010] Furthermore, the chip in the motor drive circuit adopts a three-phase full-bridge chip U1.

[0011] Using the above scheme, the utility model detects and identifies changes in the magnetic field angle on the output shaft through an angle sensor circuit, generates two corresponding sine and cosine voltage signals, and transmits these voltage signals to a single-chip microcomputer control circuit. After receiving these two sine and cosine voltage signals, the single-chip microcomputer control circuit calculates the received signals using a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) control algorithm. Based on the calculated results, the preset angles stored within the single-chip microcomputer control circuit are used to control the forward and reverse rotation angle ranges of the motor, thereby enabling detection of the rotation angle of the motor's output shaft and rapid switching between forward and reverse directions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a circuit module diagram of the motor drive circuit.

[0013] Figure 2 This is the circuit module diagram of the voltage input circuit.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a circuit module diagram of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and the angle sensor circuit.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a graph of the sine wave voltage signal and cosine wave voltage signal output by the angle sensor circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] See also Figures 1 to 3The utility model provides an angle sensor adjustment circuit for realizing forward and reverse rotation of a motor, comprising: a motor drive circuit, a voltage input circuit, a single-chip microcomputer control circuit, and an angle sensor circuit. The motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the single-chip microcomputer control circuit, and the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the angle sensor circuit. The voltage input circuit provides the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and the angle sensor circuit with the required electrical energy for operation. The angle sensor circuit detects the angle change of an external magnetic field and sends it to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit for calculation.

[0018] When voltage is input, it is processed by the voltage input circuit and then transmitted to the single chip control circuit to meet the working power demand of detecting the rotation angle of the motor output shaft. When the motor output shaft rotates, the angle sensor circuit detects and identifies the change in the magnetic field angle on the output shaft and generates two sets of corresponding sine and cosine voltage signals. Please refer to Figure 4 , and sends the voltage signal to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit. After receiving the two sets of sine and cosine voltage signals, the single-chip microcomputer control circuit uses the FOC control algorithm to calculate the received signals. Based on the result of the calculation, the preset angle stored in the internal storage of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is used to control the forward and reverse angle range of the motor, thereby realizing the detection of the rotation angle of the output shaft of the motor and the rapid conversion of the forward and reverse directions. Since the utility model adopts fewer circuits, it can meet the miniaturization design of the overall structure of the electric toothbrush and effectively improve the user experience.

[0019] As mentioned above, the Field-Oriented Control (FOC) algorithm is an advanced motor control strategy widely used in high-performance motor control applications such as electric vehicles, industrial automation, and robotics. The core concept of the FOC control algorithm is to divide motor control into two parts: current control and speed control. In terms of current control, the FOC algorithm controls the motor's current to achieve torque control. Specifically, the FOC algorithm converts the motor's three-phase current into two components: DC and AC current. By precisely controlling the magnitude and phase of the DC and AC currents, precise control of the motor's torque is achieved. In terms of speed control, the FOC algorithm monitors the motor's speed in real time and adjusts it according to a set target speed. By continuously adjusting the motor's current, the FOC algorithm gradually brings the motor's speed closer to the set target speed, thereby achieving precise speed control.

[0020] The voltage input circuit includes: a voltage stabilizing chip U2, a resistor R6, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7. The second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4, and one end of the capacitor C5 to the motor drive circuit. The third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with the other end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the capacitor C7 to the 3.3V voltage output. The first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2, the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are grounded respectively.

[0021] In some embodiments, the control chip U3 of the single-chip control circuit is a QFN chip. A QFN chip is a chip that uses a QFN package structure. The QFN package structure is a package type commonly used in surface mount technology and has the following characteristics:

[0022] 1. Small size: The QFN package is flat and low-profile, which can accommodate more functions in a relatively small size and provide higher space utilization efficiency.

[0023] 2. Excellent heat dissipation performance: The QFN package is directly connected to the PCB through the solder pad, which effectively improves the heat dissipation performance. The solder pad acts as a heat dissipation contact point, which can better conduct heat and transfer the generated heat to the PCB to reduce the device temperature.

[0024] 3. Good electrical performance: Because the QFN package pins are short and compact, it can provide lower parameters such as inductance, resistance, and capacitance. This helps reduce signal crosstalk and power consumption, and provides more stable circuit performance.

[0025] 4. Adaptability to high-frequency applications: The QFN package offers excellent performance in high-frequency environments. Its short and dense internal pins make the signal transmission path shorter and more compact, thereby reducing crosstalk and inductance, making it suitable for high-frequency applications such as RF and wireless communications.

[0026] 5. Easy to automate: Since the pins of the QFN package are designed at the bottom of the package, it is easier to automate than the pin-type package. In the large-scale electronic equipment manufacturing process, the use of QFN package can achieve faster placement speed and higher production efficiency.

[0027] Specifically, in some optional embodiments, the control chip U3 adopts a QFN3X3 model chip to meet the miniaturization and compact design of the circuit, ensure the operation of the sine and cosine voltage signals emitted by the angle sensor circuit, and thus achieve precise control and switching of the forward and reverse states of the motor.

[0028] In some optional embodiments, the angle sensor circuit uses a magnetic angle sensor. A magnetic angle sensor is a sensor that can determine the rotation angle of an object by changes in the magnetic field. It is usually composed of a permanent magnet and a magnetic sensor U4 (such as a Hall element). The permanent magnet is mounted on the bearing or output shaft of the motor, and the magnetic sensor is mounted at a fixed position within the magnetic field range of the permanent magnet, such as on a PCB board. When the motor is started, causing the permanent magnet to rotate along with the bearing or output shaft, the magnetic sensor can detect the change in the direction of the magnetic field, thereby deriving the rotation position and rotation speed, obtaining the angle change, and sending it to the control chip U3 of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit for corresponding calculations.

[0029] In some embodiments, the motor drive circuit utilizes a three-phase full-bridge chip U1. This chip enables high system efficiency and high frequency, which is crucial for improving the motor's energy efficiency and performance. Its ultra-low switching and conduction losses, ultra-high operating junction temperature, and other characteristics play a decisive role in achieving these high system efficiency and high frequency. By integrating multiple functions, the three-phase full-bridge chip can reduce the number of system components, lowering cost and complexity, and improving system reliability and integration.

[0030] In some embodiments, the present invention operates as follows: a BAT voltage input circuit directly powers the control chip U3 in the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and the magnetic sensor U4 in the angle sensor circuit. As the motor's output shaft rotates, it drives the permanent magnet mounted on the output shaft to rotate. The magnetic sensor U4 detects changes in the magnetic field caused by the movement of the permanent magnet, which in turn outputs a sine wave voltage signal and a cosine wave voltage signal at the HA and AB pins of the magnetic sensor U4, respectively. These signals are then sent to the control chip U3, where the FOC algorithm within the control chip U3 calculates the two voltage signals to determine the rotation angle of the motor's output shaft. This determines the forward or reverse rotation of the motor within a preset angle range.

[0031] The preset angle value inside the control chip U3 is any angle value between 0-360 degrees, so as to accurately control the forward and reverse rotation directions of the motor and realize the reciprocating rotation of the motor output shaft.

[0032] In summary, the present invention uses an angle sensor circuit to detect and identify changes in the magnetic field angle on the output shaft, generating corresponding sine and cosine voltage signals, which are then transmitted to a single-chip microcomputer control circuit. After receiving these signals, the single-chip microcomputer control circuit uses a Field-Oriented Control (FOC) control algorithm to calculate the received signals. The calculated results are then used to control the motor's forward and reverse rotation angle ranges using preset angles stored within the single-chip microcomputer control circuit. This allows for detection of the motor's output shaft's rotation angle and rapid switching between forward and reverse directions.

[0033] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An angle sensor to realize the adjustment circuit of the motor forward and reverse rotation, characterized in that: include: A motor drive circuit, a voltage input circuit, a single-chip microcomputer control circuit and an angle sensor circuit. The motor drive circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the single-chip microcomputer control circuit. The single-chip microcomputer control circuit is electrically connected to the voltage input circuit and the angle sensor circuit. The voltage input circuit provides the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and the angle sensor circuit with the electrical energy required for their operation. The angle sensor circuit detects changes in the angle of an external magnetic field and sends it to the single-chip microcomputer control circuit for calculation.

2. The angle sensor according to claim 1 realizes the adjustment circuit of the motor forward and reverse rotation, characterized in that: The voltage input circuit includes: a voltage stabilizing chip U2, a resistor R6, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7. The second pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with one end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C3, one end of the capacitor C4, and one end of the capacitor C5 to the motor drive circuit. The third pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2 is connected in parallel with the other end of the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C6 and one end of the capacitor C7 to the 3.3V voltage output. The first pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U2, the other end of the capacitor C3, the other end of the capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the other end of the capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are grounded respectively.

3. The angle sensor according to claim 1 realizes the adjustment circuit of the motor forward and reverse rotation, characterized in that: The control chip U3 of the single chip control circuit adopts a QFN chip.

4. The angle sensor according to claim 1 realizes the adjustment circuit of the motor forward and reverse rotation, characterized in that: The angle sensor circuit adopts a magnetic angle sensor.

5. The angle sensor according to claim 1 realizes the adjustment circuit of the motor forward and reverse rotation, characterized in that: The chip in the motor drive circuit adopts a three-phase full-bridge chip U1.

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