Small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight collinear railway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger and freight collinear railway, which is matched with a small-radius curve sleeper for use, the small-radius curve sleeper is provided with a rail bearing groove, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and retaining shoulders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the rail bearing platform; the small-radius curve fastener comprises a screw spike, a T-shaped bolt, an elastic strip, a gauge baffle, an insulating baffle seat, an under-rail backing plate and an under-rail heightening backing plate; the gauge aprons are mounted at the two retaining shoulders respectively, a steel rail mounting position is arranged between the two gauge aprons, and each gauge aprons is fixed by matching a screw spike pre-embedded in the concrete sleeper with a first fixing assembly; the steel rails are mounted at the steel rail mounting positions and are downwards provided with rail lower base plates; insulation baffle seats are arranged between the gauge baffles and the steel rails. The passenger and freight collinear small-radius curve fastener is reasonable in design, simple in structure and more convenient to mount and dismount, and the problems that an existing passenger and freight collinear small-radius curve fastener is small in adjustment amount and inconvenient to maintain can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of railway engineering, and in particular relates to a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight co-line railway. Background Art

[0002] In the field of rail transit, whether it is high-speed railways, conventional railways, heavy-haul freight railways, or urban rail transit, the design, construction, and operation of curved tracks are more complex than straight tracks in terms of structural strength, material selection, line construction, and operation and maintenance. In particular, railway lines with a curve radius of less than 600m have higher requirements for infrastructure and structural components.

[0003] Traditional track construction methods, whether for straight or curved tracks, utilize conventional sleeper skeletons. Due to the unique characteristics of curved tracks, conventional sleepers and rail fasteners struggle to meet the tight curve radius requirements, potentially leading to vertical balance issues, twisting, and slipping, resulting in difficult-to-eliminate operational accidents and potential hazards. For a long time, previous track construction standards mandated the use of wooden sleepers. However, with the implementation of the "Railway Line Repair Regulations" on October 1, 2006, the prohibition on laying concrete sleepers on curves with a radius of less than 300m was lifted. Consequently, the use of concrete sleepers on small-radius curves has been expanded. However, in the early days of using concrete sleepers, either ordinary line sleepers and fasteners were used directly, resulting in a large workload for curve maintenance, a short service life, and some sections had to be replaced with wooden sleepers; or modified experimental small-radius sleepers were used. Although the requirements for widening the curve track gauge can be met after the small-radius curve concrete sleepers and fasteners are modified, there are still special problems that occur after the use of small-radius curve fasteners: the concrete sleeper shoulder is squeezed and the track gauge cannot be maintained, the rail groove is crushed and worn, resulting in a small rail inversion, poor track gauge maintenance, fastener spring bars and bolts are broken, and the workload of maintenance is large, which seriously affects the frame strength and service life of the track.

[0004] Small-radius curves on mixed-passenger and freight lines primarily refer to lines with a maximum axle load of 25t and a curve radius of less than 600m. According to incomplete statistics from various railway bureaus, my country currently has over 12,000 kilometers of existing small-radius curves. Due to the high lateral wheel-rail forces and significant rail tipping in small-radius curves, damage to rails, sleepers, and fasteners is severe. In recent years, with the significant increase in freight volume and train axle loads, damage to sleepers and fasteners has become increasingly severe, and the severity of small-radius curve problems has become more pronounced. Small-radius curves have become one of the weakest links in my country's track structure and a top priority for line maintenance. Consequently, the sleepers and fasteners in existing small-radius curves have severely restricted and hindered the normal operation of existing lines and the development of mixed-passenger and freight lines in my country.

[0005] Over the past 20 years, domestic railway bureaus have also developed a variety of sleepers and fasteners to address the above-mentioned issues. However, these products suffer from poor versatility, easy damage to rail pads and baffles, difficulty in on-site installation and adjustment, and high costs. The maintenance of small-radius curves on passenger and freight railways remains one of the most thorny issues for railway bureaus' engineering and maintenance departments. Therefore, it is extremely necessary and urgent to thoroughly and effectively resolve the problems existing in small-radius curves and to systematically and comprehensively carry out the research and development of sleepers and fasteners for small-radius curves.

[0006] Based on the summary and analysis of the application experience of existing sleepers and fasteners, this application conducts a comprehensive analysis and study on the wheel-rail relationship of small-radius curves, and systematically carries out experimental research on sleepers and fasteners of small-radius curves to ensure the stability of the line track geometry and extend the service life of sleepers and fasteners, and effectively reduce the workload of maintenance and repair of small-radius curves.

[0007] After research and development, the applicant has developed a new small-radius curve fastener for use with small-radius concrete sleepers. It is an elastic split fastener that can provide a larger lateral bearing capacity of the track, and has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble. It has made great improvements in ensuring the stability of the track structure and reducing maintenance workload. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight co-line railway.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways, the small radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with a small radius curve sleeper, the small radius curve sleeper is provided with a rail bearing groove, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and the left and right sides of the rail bearing platform are shoulder blocks;

[0011] Small radius curve fasteners include spiral spikes, T-bolts, spring bars, gauge baffles, insulating baffle seats and rail pads;

[0012] Gauge baffles are installed at the two shoulder rails respectively, and a rail installation position is set between the two gauge baffles. Each gauge baffle is fixed with a spiral spike embedded in the concrete sleeper and the first fixing assembly;

[0013] The rails are installed in the rail installation position, and rail pads are provided under the rails; an insulating baffle seat is provided between the gauge baffle and the rails;

[0014] A spring bar positioning groove is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle, and a T-bolt mounting hole is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle. The T-bolt is inserted from the bottom of the gauge baffle, and the head of the spring bar is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat. The T-bolt is inserted into the arched position in the middle and is fixed by the second fixing assembly, and the tail falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the gauge baffle.

[0015] Furthermore, the first fixing component is a spring washer and a cap nut; the second fixing component is a flat washer and a nut.

[0016] Furthermore, the small radius curve sleeper is made of concrete, and the shoulder angle is 110°.

[0017] Furthermore, the head of the gauge baffle is a vertical section, which is used to cooperate with the insulating baffle seat to install and fix the rail; the tail of the gauge baffle is a slope section, which is used to cooperate with the shoulder of the small radius curve sleeper;

[0018] A T-bolt mounting hole is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle, and the T-bolt is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot is provided at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole to match the T-stage of the T-bolt hole, and the upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole is a circular bolt hole;

[0019] Two spiral spike holes are provided at the front and rear of the middle of the gauge baffle, and the upper ends of the spiral spike holes are sunken fixing platforms for fastening the first fixing assembly.

[0020] An arc groove is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle as a spring bar landing groove to support the tail of the spring bar.

[0021] Furthermore, the main body of the insulating baffle seat is formed by connecting an inclined surface and a vertical surface, and the angle between the inclined surface and the vertical surface is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail;

[0022] The tail end of the facade is an insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, and the front and rear positions of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove are insulating baffle seat claws; the vertical section of the gauge baffle is located in the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove and is tightly attached to the facade, and the two insulating baffle seat claws are clamped on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle.

[0023] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the rail pad are respectively provided with rail pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail pad, so that the rail pad forms a rail pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides respectively, and the rail pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat is left between the rectangular groove of the rail pad and the gauge baffle, and the bottom of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat is deep into the reserved installation space;

[0024] The rail pad clamping claws protrude downward from the rail pad in the height direction, and the rail pad clamping claws are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail supporting platform of the small radius curve sleeper.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a rail height adjustment pad, which is located below the rail pad and in direct contact with the rail support platform; the rail pad cooperates with the rail height adjustment pad and does not directly contact the rail support platform.

[0026] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the rail height adjustment pad are respectively provided with rail height adjustment pad claws, and the rail height adjustment pad claws extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail height adjustment pad, so that the rail height adjustment pad forms a rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides respectively, and the rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle;

[0027] The clamping claws of the under-rail height-adjusting pad protrude downward from the under-rail height-adjusting pad in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the under-rail height-adjusting pad are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail-bearing platform of the small-radius curve sleeper.

[0028] Furthermore, a full-length card slot is provided on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the under-rail height adjustment pad, and the under-rail pad claws are engaged with the card slot of the under-rail height adjustment pad.

[0029] Furthermore, the spiral spike is composed of two parts, the upper part is the threaded part, and the lower part is the embedded anchoring part.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0031] 1. The utility model has reasonable design, simple structure, and convenient installation and disassembly, and can solve the problem that the existing small radius curve track fasteners are seriously damaged and inconvenient to repair.

[0032] 2. The gauge plate of this utility model connects the sleeper and rail. It has built-in screw spike holes and T-bolt holes. One screw spike hole at each end is connected to the screw spike via a cap nut to secure the gauge plate to the sleeper. The dual-bolt hole design serves two purposes: first, to secure the gauge plate within a limited space; second, to provide greater tightening force (double the force of a single spike, with more evenly distributed force), ensuring that the gauge plate does not move or float under significant lateral track forces. The T-bolt holes, inserted through T-bolts and fitted with flat washers and nuts, secure the spring bars and rails.

[0033] The gauge baffle in the utility model is of split design, with one on each side of the rail. Its removal and replacement do not require raising the rail (lifting the track), but can be completed by removing the fixed spiral spikes, making installation and removal convenient and quick.

[0034] 3. The lower part of the middle gauge baffle of the utility model adopts a suspended design. The suspended design is to prevent slag and dust from the ballasted line from accumulating in the gaps between the bolt holes of the gauge baffle. Under the action of rainwater, the mud and sand will compact and wrap around the spiral spikes, causing them to corrode. The upper part of the gauge baffle has a process weight-reducing hole, which is connected to the lower suspended part, and can effectively avoid mud and sand deposition.

[0035] 4. The utility model has multiple models of middle gauge baffles, and different models have different overall lengths. They are matched with different models of insulating baffle seats to facilitate left and right adjustment of the gauge, and can achieve a large left and right adjustment range of the gauge (+32mm to -32mm).

[0036] The utility model provides a middle rail lower height adjustment pad placed between the rail lower pad and the rail sleeper bearing surface to play a height adjustment role. The rail lower height adjustment pad has various specifications, the height adjustment amount can reach 20mm, and the adjustment range is 1mm.

[0037] 5. The utility model provides grooves on the upper and lower surfaces of the center rail bottom plate, and the grooves on the upper and lower surfaces are alternately arranged in the front-to-back direction, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of stiffness and elasticity, and play a role in adjusting the static stiffness of the fastener and reducing shock.

[0038] The utility model is provided with a downwardly protruding claw structure under the middle rail pad, which can be clamped on both sides of the height-adjusting pad under the rail to ensure that the pad under the rail has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0039] 6. The utility model is designed with downward protruding claws under the middle rail height adjustment pad, which can be clamped on both sides of the rail groove boss of the concrete sleeper to ensure that the rail pad has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0040] The rail height adjustment pad is provided with a sloped slot at the end of the upper surface. The size of the slope is the same as that of the rail supporting platform. The purpose is to ensure the installation of the rail pad after the height adjustment pad is inserted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the passenger and freight collinear small radius curve fastener in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a top view of the assembly of the passenger and freight collinear small radius curve fastener in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the A-A section;

[0044] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Middle partial enlarged view;

[0045] Figure 5It is a three-dimensional diagram of the gauge baffle in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a top view of the gauge baffle in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Middle B-B cross-section diagram;

[0048] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the C-C section;

[0049] Figure 9 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the D-D section;

[0050] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the insulating baffle seat in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0051] Figure 11 1 is a top view of the insulating baffle seat in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0052] Figure 12 This is a front view of the insulating baffle seat in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0053] Figure 13 It is the three-dimensional structure of the rail pad in the embodiment of the utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 14 It is the three-dimensional structure of the rail pad in the embodiment of the utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 15 This is a top view of the rail pad in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0056] Figure 16 This is a left side view of the rail pad in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0057] Figure 17 This is a top view of the height-adjusting pad in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0058] Figure 18 This is a left side view of the height-adjusting pad in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0059] Figure 19 yes Figure 17 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0060] Figure 20 This is a front view of a spiral spike in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0061] Figure 21 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a spiral spike in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0062] Figure 22 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the spring bar in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0063] Figure 23 This is a top view of the spring bar in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0064] Figure 24 This is a FF cross-sectional view of the spring bar in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0065] Figure 25 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a T-bolt in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0066] Figure 26 It is a front view of a T-bolt in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0067] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limitations on this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced in size, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted from the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiment of the present invention. In this article, the left and right direction is the horizontal direction; the extension direction of the rail, that is, the front and back direction is the longitudinal direction.

[0069] Example 1:

[0070] like Figures 1 to 26 As shown, this embodiment discloses a small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight co-line railways. The small-radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with a small-radius curve sleeper 13. The small-radius curve sleeper 13 is made of concrete. A rail-bearing groove is provided on the small-radius curve sleeper. A rail-bearing platform is formed in the rail-bearing groove. There are shoulders on the left and right sides of the rail-bearing platform. The shoulder angle is reduced to 110° compared to 120° of ordinary lines.

[0071] The small radius curve fastener structure includes a T-bolt 2, a nut 3, a flat washer 4, a spring bar 5, a gauge baffle 6, a rail pad 7, a rail height adjustment pad 8, an insulating baffle seat 9, a cap nut 10, a heavy spring washer 11 and a spiral spike 12.

[0072] Gauge baffles 6 are installed at the two shoulder blocks, and the middle position between the two gauge baffles 6 is the rail installation position for installing the rail 1, which extends in the front-to-back direction. An insulating baffle seat 9 is set between the gauge baffle 6 and the rail 1. At the same time, a rail bottom pad 7 and a rail bottom height adjustment pad 8 are installed between the rail 1 and the rail support platform from top to bottom. The rail bottom height adjustment pad 8 is in contact with the rail support platform.

[0073] The spring bar 5 is an overall W-shaped, integrally molded structure with smooth transitions between its parts. The two outward extensions of the W-shape serve as the tail section 51, which bends downward and engages with the gauge plate 6. The two inward extensions of the W-shape serve as the head section 52, which bends downward and engages with the insulating plate seat 9. The middle section 53, connecting the head section 52 and the tail section 51, arches upward, with evenly spaced gaps between the arches for inserting T-bolts to press the spring bar 5 downward and secure it.

[0074] The two head portions 51 of the spring bar 5 have extension sections extending toward the centerline, and the extension sections are tilted downwards to facilitate cooperation with the mounting positions 91 on the insulating baffle seat 9, thereby ensuring a compacting effect and preventing the spring bar from falling off.

[0075] The lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring bar 5 is slightly higher than the tail 51 of the spring bar. In this way, after the spring bar is assembled, a gap can be formed between the lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring bar 5 and the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat, and the gap should not be greater than 1 mm.

[0076] During installation, the head 52 of the spring bar 5 is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat 9, the arched position of the middle part 53 is penetrated by a T-bolt and fixed by a flat washer and nut, and the tail 51 falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the gauge baffle 6.

[0077] The specific structure of the gauge baffle 6 is as follows:

[0078] The gauge baffle 6 adopts an approximately trapezoidal platform structure and is made of QT450-10 cast iron. The purpose of using cast iron is to increase the resistance of the small radius curve fastener to the lateral force and prevent the gauge baffle from being deformed and damaged under the action of a large rail lateral force.

[0079] The head of the gauge plate 6 is a vertical section 61, which is used to cooperate with the insulating plate seat 9 to install and fix the rail 1. The height of the vertical section meets the requirements of rail height adjustment. The tail end of the gauge plate 6 is a slope section 62 with an angle of 110°, which is used to cooperate with the shoulder of the small-radius concrete sleeper 13. The purpose of the slope section is also to increase the resistance of the small-radius curve fastener to the lateral force, preventing the gauge plate from moving upward under the influence of large lateral forces of the rail.

[0080] An arcuate groove 63 is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle 6 to support the tail 51 of the spring clip 5. The radius of the arcuate groove 63 is slightly larger than that of the spring clip. The arcuate groove is designed to be continuous and not too long, ensuring that the spring clip can support it. The opening angle of the arcuate groove is open towards the head end and slightly upward. The purpose is to provide force support to the spring clip toward the rail side and upward, but to prevent the lower end of the spring clip from interfering with the gauge baffle under load. This prevents the spring clip from generating contact stress at the tail when deformed by force, which may lead to stress fatigue damage.

[0081] Two spiral spike holes 68 and a fixing platform 64 are provided at the front and rear positions of the middle of the gauge baffle 6. The purpose of providing the two spiral spike holes is to provide a stronger installation and fastening force for the gauge baffle 6 to ensure that the gauge baffle does not shift or float under the action of a large lateral force of the rail. The spiral spike holes are used to pass the spiral spikes 12, and together with the heavy spring washers 11 and the cap nuts 10, the gauge baffle 6 and the concrete sleeper 13 are firmly connected together.

[0082] The gauge baffle 6 is fixed with a cap nut 10 and a heavy spring washer 11 to ensure that the threaded portion of the bolt is not corroded in rainy and snowy weather and to increase the service life of the bolt.

[0083] The fixed platform 64 is used to fasten the heavy spring washers 11 and the cap nuts 10. The platform height is designed to be 1 / 3 above the overall height of the gauge baffle. The purpose is to leave enough space for the installation of the spring bars, and at the same time ensure that the force on the gauge baffle is just at the maximum position where the rail acts on the gauge baffle, so as to avoid unbalanced loading and the tendency of the gauge baffle to tip over.

[0084] Spiral spike hole 68 is an oblong hole extending in the front-to-back direction. Its primary purpose is to provide clearance for the gauge plate to prevent installation failures due to insufficient embedding accuracy of the sleeper pre-embedded bolts and to facilitate installation even when the anchoring position of the spiral spike 12 deviates. A secondary purpose of the oblong hole is to ensure that rainwater can drain through the gap in the gauge plate during rainy days, preventing rust on the cast iron gauge plate and the bolts and nuts.

[0085] A recess 66 is provided in the middle of the gauge plate's head end to provide space for the spring clip's middle limb to bend downward under load, ensuring it can reach the insulating baffle seat. The recess smoothly transitions into the upper portion of the T-hole, preventing structural defects in the gauge plate's center. The recess is slightly wider than the spring clip's middle limb's head end, and its depth ensures smooth lowering of the spring clip's middle limb 54 when the fastener is not raised, ensuring the lower jaw 54 reaches the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat.

[0086] The two tail portions 51 (outward extensions) of the spring bar 5 are respectively engaged in the arc grooves 63 at the tail end of the gauge baffle 6 , and the head portion 52 (inward extension) of the spring bar 5 is pressed onto the rail through the insulating baffle seat groove 91 .

[0087] A T-bolt mounting hole 65 is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle 6 near the head end, and the T-bolt 2 is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot 610 is provided at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole 65 to match the T-stage of the T-bolt hole. The upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole 65 is a circular bolt hole.

[0088] The lower end of the T-bolt 2 is fixed with a protrusion 21 extending forward and backward. The middle portion is a polished rod portion 22, and the upper portion is a threaded portion 23. The protrusion 21 of the T-bolt 2 is engaged and snapped into the inverted T-slot 610 of the gauge plate 6. The upper end of the T-bolt 2 extends through the upper circular hole 65 of the gauge plate's T-slot and beyond the spring bar 5. At the same time, the upper end of the T-bolt 2 is provided with a locknut 3 and a matching flat washer 4 to press the spring bar 5 downward, thereby tightening the rail.

[0089] Since the T-slot 610 is located at the bottom of the gauge baffle 6, the T-slot 610 is connected to the upper circular hole 65 at its T-shaped top, and the T-bolt 2 needs to be completely inserted into the gauge baffle 6 from bottom to top to complete the connection and installation with the gauge baffle. The gauge baffle 6 must be disassembled to install and remove the T-bolt.

[0090] Weight-reducing grooves are provided at the head, tail and lower part of the gauge baffle 6, and a weight-reducing hole 67 is provided in the middle part near the arc groove 63. The purpose of providing the weight-reducing grooves and the weight-reducing hole 67 is to reduce the weight of the casting body. A through hole is provided at the bottom of the weight-reducing hole 67 to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the hole and causing rust on the casting.

[0091] The lower portion of the gauge plate 6 is suspended, with a height of 5mm. This suspension prevents ballast track slag and dust from accumulating in the gaps between the gauge plate bolt holes. Rainwater and other factors can cause sediment to compact and wrap around the spiral spikes, causing corrosion. A process-lightening hole 67 connects to the lower suspension, effectively preventing sediment deposition.

[0092] The specific structure of the spiral spike 12 is as follows:

[0093] The spiral spike 12 consists of two parts, the upper part is a threaded part 121, and the lower part is a pre-buried anchoring part 122. The spiral spike 12 is made of cold heading steel ML20MnTiB that can be used for cold forging.

[0094] The threaded portion 121 is a standard M24 triangular thread, and the length of the threaded portion is not too long, and is sufficient for the installation of the gauge baffle and the overall height adjustment.

[0095] The embedded anchoring portion 122 is provided with anti-slip steps 123. The anti-slip steps 123 are rectangular planes milled and cold-pressed at intervals on the surface of the columnar surface of the road spike. The width of the rectangular planes is 1 / 2 of the road spike diameter. The rectangular planes are evenly spaced along the length of the road spike. The anti-slip steps are symmetrical front to back and left to right, and are staggered in the front to back and left to right directions. The distance between the rectangular planes must not be less than the minimum diameter of the road spike.

[0096] The spiral spike is provided with a transition section 124 between the threaded portion 121 and the embedded anchoring portion 122. The width of the transition section 124 can be the width of a general machined undercut, and the diameter of the transition section 124 cannot be less than the thread minor diameter.

[0097] A spike platform 125 is provided on the top of the embedded anchoring portion, and the spike platform 125 is ensured to be flush with the rail support platform during anchoring.

[0098] The specific structure of the insulating baffle seat 9 is as follows:

[0099] The main body of the insulating baffle seat 9 is formed by connecting an inclined surface 96 and a vertical surface 93. The angle between the inclined surface 96 and the vertical surface 93 is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail. The insulating baffle seat 9 is made of glass fiber polyamide PA66.

[0100] The rear end of the facade 93 forms a rectangular slot for the insulating baffle seat, and the insulating baffle seat claws 95 are located in front and behind the rectangular slot. The internal width between the two insulating baffle seat claws 95, i.e., the width of the insulating baffle seat rectangular slot, must be slightly wider than the width of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. During installation, the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle is located within the rectangular slot and fits closely to the facade 93, with the two insulating baffle seat claws 95 clamped on the outside of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. This ensures that the rail will not move when longitudinal force is applied. The claw height must be less than the facade height to ensure that space is reserved for the installation of the rail pad.

[0101] At the same time, the bottom 94 of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat 9 extends downward into the space between the rail pad 7 and the gauge baffle 6.

[0102] The upper surface of the insulating baffle seat 9 is provided with a mounting position 91 for the spring bar head 52, the depth of which is slightly lower than the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat (not exceeding 2 mm), and the width thereof is slightly larger than the diameter of the spring bar. The direction of the plane is consistent with the projection surface direction of the spring bar head during installation, in order to ensure the accuracy of the transverse and longitudinal position of the spring bar without affecting the force of the middle limb installation.

[0103] The specific structure of the rail height adjustment pad 8 is as follows:

[0104] The rail height adjustment pad 8 is not a completely flat plate, but has grooves on both sides in the transverse direction and is a channel steel type in the longitudinal direction, and is made of polyethylene.

[0105] The front and rear sides of the under-rail height adjustment plate 8 are respectively provided with under-rail height adjustment plate claws 82, which extend front and rear in the length direction and exceed the under-rail height adjustment plate 8, so that the under-rail height adjustment plate 8 forms under-rail height adjustment plate rectangular grooves 81 on the left and right sides respectively. The under-rail height adjustment plate rectangular grooves 81 are clamped on the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle 6 to ensure that the gauge baffle does not slip in the longitudinal direction.

[0106] The under-rail height adjustment plate claw 82 protrudes downward from the under-rail height adjustment plate 8 in the height direction. During installation, the under-rail height adjustment plate claw 82 is clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail supporting platform of the small radius curve sleeper to ensure that the under-rail height adjustment plate 8 has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0107] A full-length card slot 83 is provided on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the rail height adjustment pad 8. The card slot 83 is in the form of a slope, and the size of the slope is the same as the size of the slope on both sides of the rail supporting platform. The card slot 83 is used to cooperate with the claws of the rail pad 7 to ensure the installation of the rail pad 7 after the rail height adjustment pad 8 is inserted.

[0108] The specific structure of the rail pad 7 is as follows:

[0109] The rail pad 7 is not a completely flat plate, but has grooves on both sides in the transverse direction and is a channel steel type in the longitudinal direction. The material is rubber.

[0110] The front and rear sides of the rail pad 7 are respectively provided with rail pad claws 74, which extend front and rear in the length direction and exceed the rail pad 7, so that the rail pad rectangular grooves 73 are formed on the left and right sides of the rail pad 7, respectively. The rail pad rectangular grooves 73 are clamped on the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle 6; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat 9 is left between the rail pad rectangular groove 73 and the gauge baffle 6, and the bottom 94 of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat 9 is deep into the reserved installation space (i.e., the rail pad rectangular groove 73).

[0111] The rail pad claws 74 protrude downward from the rail pad 7 in the height direction, and the rail pad claws 74 are engaged with the slots 83 on the front and rear sides of the rail height adjustment pad to ensure that it does not slip in the longitudinal direction.

[0112] The upper and lower surfaces of the rail pad 7 are respectively provided with through-length grooves 71 and 72 , and the grooves on the upper and lower surfaces are staggered to provide the rail pad with necessary elasticity while ensuring the necessary strength of the rail pad.

[0113] In this embodiment, the gauge baffle is divided into 5 specifications, namely 7, 9, 10, 11, and 13. Normally, the gauge baffle No. 10 is used. The insulating baffle seat is divided into 5 specifications, namely 2, 5, 7, 9, and 12. By replacing different gauge baffles and insulating baffle seats, a single rail can be adjusted by +16mm to -16mm, and two rails can achieve a gauge adjustment of +32mm to -32mm, and the adjustment range is 1mm.

[0114] In this embodiment, the rail height adjustment pad 8 has a variety of thickness specifications, including 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, and 10mm, which can adjust the height by up to 20mm. The rail height adjustment pad 8 can be overlapped and no more than two pieces can be used at a time.

[0115] Example 2:

[0116] This embodiment provides a method for installing a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight railway, and the installation is specifically performed in the following order.

[0117] (1) Prepare the corresponding fastener parts such as spring bars 5, T-bolts 2, flat washers 4, nuts 3, rail pads 7, rail height adjustment pads 8, and gauge baffles 6. Note that the gauge baffle should be No. 10. Prepare other types of gauge baffles in appropriate quantities in case the gauge needs to be adjusted. Prepare several types of rail height adjustment pads in appropriate quantities in case the gauge needs to be adjusted.

[0118] (2) Check whether the rail shoulder is damaged, check the embedded depth of the pre-embedded spiral spike 12, that is, whether the top surface of the spike platform 125 is flush with the surface of the rail support platform, whether the embedded position of the spike is correct, and whether there is any skewness or thread damage. Check whether there are impurities such as mud and sand on the rail support surface of the sleeper.

[0119] (3) Insert the T-bolt 2 into the T-slot 610 of the gauge baffle from bottom to top, and then place the gauge baffle 6 in the rail support groove of the sleeper. When installing, align the center of the oblong hole of the gauge baffle 6 with the center of the spiral spike 12 and lower it; the inclined surface of the slope section 62 on the gauge baffle 6 is in close contact with the inclined surface of the sleeper shoulder, and the bottom foot of the gauge baffle 6 is in close contact with the rail support platform of the sleeper.

[0120] (4) Grease the upper threaded portion 121 of the spiral spike, insert the heavy spring washer 11, and put on the cap nut 10 and tighten it by hand.

[0121] (5) Lay the rail pad 7. The rail pad should be placed between the two gauge baffles 6. The claws 74 of the rail pad should be tightly engaged with the edge of the rail sleeper bearing rail groove boss, and the rectangular groove of the rail pad should be stuck on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle 6.

[0122] (6) Remove impurities such as mud and sand from the bottom of the rail, place the rail on the rail pad 7, and align the center of the bottom surface of the rail with the rail pad 7.

[0123] (7) Install an insulating baffle seat 9 of appropriate specifications between the rail and the gauge baffle according to the configuration table. Normally, use the insulating baffle seat No. 7. Press the inclined surface 96 of the insulating baffle seat against the rail, and fit the vertical surface 93 of the insulating baffle seat tightly against the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. The external claws of the insulating baffle seat are clamped against the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. The vertical bottom 94 of the insulating baffle seat is inserted into the rectangular groove of the rail pad.

[0124] (8) Check the track gauge and track direction, and install the spring bar 5 after confirming that it is suitable, so that the tail 51 of the spring bar falls into the arc groove 63 at the tail of the gauge baffle, and the head 52 of the spring bar is tightly fastened to the installation position 91 of the insulating baffle seat. The upper threaded part 23 of the T-bolt should be lubricated before installation, and a flat washer should be inserted. Tighten the nut with a wrench with controllable torque so that the gap between the lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring bar 5 and the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat should not be greater than 1mm. The reference torque is (100~140)Nm, which should not be too tight or too loose. Then tighten the cap nut 10 with a torque of (200~250)Nm to fix the gauge baffle 6.

[0125] (9) Where height adjustment is required, install the height adjustment pad 8 under the gauge baffle.

[0126] The small-radius curve fastener for existing passenger and freight co-line railways of this embodiment is reasonably designed, simple in structure, and more convenient to install and disassemble, and can solve the problems of small adjustment range and inconvenient maintenance in existing passenger and freight co-line small-radius curve fasteners.

[0127] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0128] If words such as "first" and "second" are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0129] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0130] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railways, characterized by: The small radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with the small radius curve sleeper. The small radius curve sleeper is provided with a rail bearing groove, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and the left and right sides of the rail bearing platform are shoulders. Small radius curve fasteners include spiral spikes, T-bolts, spring bars, gauge baffles, insulating baffle seats and rail pads; Gauge baffles are installed at the two shoulder rails respectively, and a rail installation position is set between the two gauge baffles. Each gauge baffle is fixed with a spiral spike embedded in the concrete sleeper and the first fixing assembly; The rails are installed in the rail installation position, and rail pads are provided under the rails; an insulating baffle seat is provided between the gauge baffle and the rails; A spring bar positioning groove is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle, and a T-bolt mounting hole is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle. The T-bolt is inserted from the bottom of the gauge baffle, and the head of the spring bar is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat. The T-bolt is inserted into the arched position in the middle and is fixed by the second fixing assembly, and the tail falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the gauge baffle.

2. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixing component is a spring washer and a cap nut; the second fixing component is a flat washer and a nut.

3. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small radius curve sleeper is made of concrete, and the shoulder angle is 110°.

4. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The head of the gauge baffle is a vertical section, which is used to cooperate with the insulating baffle seat to install and fix the rail; the tail of the gauge baffle is a slope section, which is used to cooperate with the shoulder of the small radius curve sleeper; A T-bolt mounting hole is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle, and the T-bolt is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot is provided at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole to match the T-stage of the T-bolt hole, and the upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole is a circular bolt hole; Two spiral spike holes are provided at the front and rear of the middle of the gauge baffle, and the upper ends of the spiral spike holes are sunken fixing platforms for fastening the first fixing assembly. An arc groove is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle as a spring bar landing groove to support the tail of the spring bar.

5. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body of the insulating baffle seat is formed by connecting an inclined surface and a vertical surface, and the angle between the inclined surface and the vertical surface is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail; The tail end of the facade is an insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, and the front and rear positions of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove are insulating baffle seat claws; the vertical section of the gauge baffle is located in the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove and is tightly attached to the facade, and the two insulating baffle seat claws are clamped on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle.

6. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railways according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the rail pad are respectively provided with rail pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail pad, so that the rail pad forms a rail pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides respectively, and the rail pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat is left between the rectangular groove of the rail pad and the gauge baffle, and the bottom of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat is deeply inserted into the reserved installation space; The rail pad clamping claws protrude downward from the rail pad in the height direction, and the rail pad clamping claws are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail supporting platform of the small radius curve sleeper.

7. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railway according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an under-rail height adjustment pad, which is located below the under-rail pad and in direct contact with the rail supporting platform; the under-rail pad cooperates with the under-rail height adjustment pad and does not directly contact the rail supporting platform.

8. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railways according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the rail height adjustment pad are respectively provided with rail height adjustment pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail height adjustment pad, so that the rail height adjustment pad forms a rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides respectively, and the rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle; The clamping claws of the under-rail height-adjusting pad protrude downward from the under-rail height-adjusting pad in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the under-rail height-adjusting pad are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail-bearing platform of the small-radius curve sleeper.

9. The small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger-freight railways according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the upper surface of the rail height-adjusting pad are provided with through-length clamping grooves, and the rail height-adjusting pad clamping claws are clamped in the clamping grooves of the rail height-adjusting pad.

10. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral spike consists of two parts, the upper part is the threaded part, and the lower part is the embedded anchoring part.

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