Battery pack thermal runaway detection system and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack thermal runaway detection system and an energy storage device.The battery pack thermal runaway detection system comprises a voltage module, a temperature module, a voltage sampling module, a temperature sampling module and a detection module, the voltage module comprises a plurality of first branches, and each first branch comprises a battery cell and a first switch unit; the temperature module comprises a plurality of second branches, each second branch comprises a temperature sensing device and a second switch unit, each first switch unit is connected with the voltage sampling module, each second switch unit is connected with the temperature sampling module, and the voltage sampling module detects the voltage of each battery cell and the state of the first switch unit; the temperature sampling module detects the temperature of each temperature sensing device and the state of the second switch unit; and the detection module outputs a battery pack thermal runaway detection result according to a detection result. The thermal runaway state and degree of the battery pack can be determined only according to the original voltage and temperature detection logic in combination with the switch unit, so that the detection result is more stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of temperature detection technology, and in particular to a battery pack thermal runaway detection system and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the energy storage industry, the demand for battery cells in various application scenarios is extremely large. Given such a high integration density of battery cells, if one battery cell experiences thermal runaway, it will continuously trigger thermal runaway of adjacent batteries at high temperatures. In severe cases, it may even cause explosion and disintegration, threatening personal and property safety. Therefore, timely detection of thermal runaway in battery packs is extremely important.

[0003] There are two existing methods for detecting thermal runaway in battery packs: The first involves installing temperature sensors, smoke sensors, and combustible gas sensors on the outside of the battery pack for compartment-level or cluster-level fire protection. The second method involves installing detectors inside the battery pack.

[0004] However, the first existing technology can only detect thermal runaway in a battery pack after it has already occurred. At this point, firefighting measures targeting the abnormal battery pack already pose a safety hazard. The second existing technology is costly, and the sealed battery pack is prone to misjudgment by the detector, resulting in a high failure rate. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery pack thermal runaway detection system and energy storage device to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to solve the problems of poor timeliness and low accuracy in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery pack thermal runaway detection system, the battery pack thermal runaway detection system comprising: a voltage module, a temperature module, a voltage sampling module, a temperature sampling module, and a detection module;

[0008] The voltage module includes a plurality of first branches connected in parallel, each of the first branches includes a battery cell and a first switch unit connected to the battery cell;

[0009] The temperature module includes a plurality of second branches, each of which includes a temperature sensing device and a second switch unit connected to the temperature sensing device;

[0010] The first switch units in each of the first branches are connected to the voltage sampling module, and the second switch units in each of the second branches are connected to the temperature sampling module;

[0011] The voltage sampling module is used to detect the voltage of the battery cells in each of the first branches and the state of the first switch unit. The temperature sampling module is used to detect the temperature of the temperature sensing device in each of the second branches and the state of the second switch unit. The detection module is used to output the battery pack thermal runaway detection result based on the detection results of the voltage sampling module and the detection results of the temperature sampling module.

[0012] Optionally, each of the first branches corresponds to each of the second branches one by one, and the temperature sensing device in each of the second branches is arranged on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch.

[0013] Optionally, the temperature sensing device is a thermistor.

[0014] Optionally, the second switch unit in each second branch is connected to a second welding point on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch, so as to be connected to the temperature sensing device through the second welding point.

[0015] Optionally, the second welding point is located on a flexible circuit board on the surface of the battery cell.

[0016] Optionally, the first switch unit in each of the first branches is connected to a first welding point on the surface of the battery cell in the first branch.

[0017] Optionally, the detection module includes: a first counting unit;

[0018] The detection module is specifically configured to control the first counting unit to count the number of first switch units in an on state or an off state according to the state of the first switch unit in each of the first branches.

[0019] Optionally, the detection module further includes: a second counting unit;

[0020] The detection module is specifically configured to control the second counting unit to count the number of the second switch units in the on state or the off state according to the state of the second switch units in each of the second branches.

[0021] Optionally, the battery pack thermal runaway detection system further includes: an alarm module;

[0022] The alarm module is connected to the detection module, and is used to issue an alarm when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device, wherein the energy storage system includes the battery pack thermal runaway detection system as described in the first aspect.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present application are: by detecting the voltage of each first branch battery cell and the state of the first switch unit in the voltage module, and detecting the temperature of each second branch temperature sensing device and the state of the second switch unit in the temperature module, the battery pack thermal runaway detection result is output, so there is no need for a built-in detector, and the battery pack thermal runaway state and degree can be determined only according to the original voltage and temperature detection logic combined with the switch unit, while reducing costs, making the detection results more stable and reliable, and because the first switch unit and the second switch unit are connected in series with the battery cell and the temperature sensing device to the voltage sampling module and the temperature sampling module respectively, the detection results are timely, thereby improving the efficiency of responding to battery pack thermal runaway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack thermal runaway detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first branch and a corresponding second branch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a first welding point and a second welding point provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of another battery pack thermal runaway detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of illustration and description and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowcharts can be implemented out of sequence, and steps without logical context can be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the contents of this application, can add one or more other operations to the flowchart, or remove one or more operations from the flowchart.

[0034] In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of the present application to indicate the existence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0036] There are two existing methods for detecting thermal runaway in battery packs. The first involves installing temperature, smoke, and combustible gas sensors on the outside of the battery pack for compartment-level or cluster-level fire protection. This method can only detect thermal runaway after the battery pack has already begun, at which point firefighting actions targeting the abnormal battery pack pose a safety hazard. The second method involves installing detectors inside the battery pack. This method is more expensive, and the sealed nature of the battery pack makes it prone to misjudgment and a high failure rate.

[0037] Based on this, the present application proposes a battery pack thermal runaway detection system, which includes a voltage module, a temperature module, a voltage sampling module, a temperature sampling module and a detection module. The voltage module includes a plurality of first branches connected in parallel, including a battery cell and a first switch unit, and is connected to the voltage sampling module. The temperature module includes a plurality of second branches connected in parallel, including a temperature sensing device and a second switch unit, and is connected to the temperature sampling module. The detection module can output the battery pack thermal runaway detection result based on the detection results of the voltage sampling module and the temperature sampling module. The present application uses voltage sampling and temperature sampling to promptly determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway, thereby outputting the battery pack thermal runaway detection result to deal with emergencies. In addition, the voltage and temperature of the battery cell are monitored respectively by the voltage module and the temperature module, thereby improving the accuracy of the thermal runaway judgment of the detection system.

[0038] Next, the structure of the battery pack thermal runaway detection system is introduced in detail. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack thermal runaway detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack thermal runaway detection system includes: a voltage module 1, a temperature module 3, a voltage sampling module 2, a temperature sampling module 4 and a detection module 5.

[0039] Optionally, the voltage module 1 includes a plurality of first branches connected in parallel, and each first branch includes a battery cell and a first switch unit connected to the battery cell.

[0040] Optionally, the temperature module 3 includes a plurality of second branches, and each second branch includes a temperature sensing device and a second switch unit connected to the temperature sensing device.

[0041] Optionally, the first switch unit in each first branch is connected to the voltage sampling module 2 , and the second switch unit in each second branch is connected to the temperature sampling module 4 .

[0042] The battery pack may include a plurality of parallel-connected battery cells, each battery cell being included in a first branch circuit, and each battery cell being connected to a first switch unit.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a voltage module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the voltage module 1 includes multiple first branches connected in parallel, such as the first branch 10-1, the first branch 10-2 and the first branch 10-n. Taking the first branch 10-1 as an example, the first branch 10-1 includes interconnected battery cells 101 and a first switch unit 102, and the first switch unit 102 is connected to the voltage sampling module 2.

[0044] It is worth noting that each first branch is connected in parallel through the cells in the branch. In addition, there is a first branch that is not only connected to the voltage sampling module 2 and the adjacent branch, but the cells therein are also directly connected to the voltage sampling module 2. Figure 2 As shown in the battery cell 101 in FIG, it is not only connected to the first switch unit 102 and the first branch 10 - 2 , but also directly connected to the voltage sampling module 2 .

[0045] Optionally, the temperature module 3 includes a plurality of temperature sensing devices, each of which can be attached to a cell of each first branch in the voltage module 1 , and each of which can be connected to the second switch unit.

[0046] It is worth noting that both the first switch unit and the second switch unit can be thermal switches. The thermal switches can disconnect based on the battery cell temperature. The thermal switch model can be selected based on the disconnection temperature. The thermal switch can be attached to the battery cell.

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the temperature module 3 includes multiple second branches, such as the second branch 30-1, the second branch 30-2, and the second branch 30-n. Taking the second branch 30-1 as an example, the second branch 30-1 includes a temperature sensing device 301 and a second switch unit 302 connected to each other. The second switch unit 302 is connected to the temperature sampling module 4.

[0048] Optionally, the voltage sampling module 2 is used to detect the voltage of the battery cells in each first branch and the state of the first switch unit, the temperature sampling module 4 is used to detect the temperature of the temperature sensing device in each second branch and the state of the second switch unit, and the detection module 5 is used to output the battery pack thermal runaway detection results based on the detection results of the voltage sampling module 2 and the detection results of the temperature sampling module 4.

[0049] The temperature of the temperature sensing device is the temperature detected by the temperature sensing device. The temperature sensing device can detect the temperature of the battery cell surface.

[0050] Among them, the voltage sampling module 2 can determine the voltage of the battery cells in each first branch and the state of the first switch unit through the received level. As an optional embodiment, when the level received by the voltage sampling module 2 is greater than 0 volts, the received level is used as the sampling result of the battery cell, and the first switch unit is in the on state. When the level received by the voltage sampling module 2 is equal to 0 volts, the first switch unit is in the off state. As another optional embodiment, a voltage threshold can be preset, and the voltage threshold is very small, such as the voltage threshold can be set to 0.1 volts. When the level received by the voltage sampling module 2 is greater than the voltage threshold, the received level is used as the sampling result of the battery cell, and the first switch unit is in the on state. When the level received by the voltage sampling module 2 is equal to or less than the voltage threshold, the first switch unit is in the off state. This embodiment can avoid inaccurate level sampling results caused by circuit failure.

[0051] The temperature sampling module 4 can determine the temperature of the battery cells in each second branch and the state of the second switch unit based on the received temperature signal. As an optional embodiment, when the temperature sampling module 4 receives a temperature signal with data, it determines the temperature of the battery cells measured by the temperature sensing device in the second branch based on the temperature information, and the second switch unit in the second branch is in the on state. When the temperature sampling module 4 does not receive a temperature signal with data, that is, the temperature signal indicates that it is empty, it indicates that the second switch unit in the second branch is in the off state.

[0052] Optionally, the detection module 5 is used to determine whether the battery pack has sent thermal runaway according to the detection results of the voltage sampling module 2 and the detection results of the temperature sampling module 4, and output the battery pack thermal runaway detection result.

[0053] As an optional embodiment, a voltage anomaly number threshold and a temperature anomaly number threshold can be set. The voltage anomaly number threshold represents the upper limit of the number of first switch units disconnected in the voltage module 1 when the battery pack does not have thermal runaway, and the temperature anomaly number threshold represents the upper limit of the number of second switch units disconnected in the temperature module 3 when the battery pack does not have thermal runaway. The detection module 5 then detects the number of first switch units disconnected in the voltage module 1 and the number of second switch modules disconnected in the temperature module 3, and determines whether the number of disconnected first switch units exceeds the voltage anomaly number threshold. If so, it indicates that the battery pack has thermal runaway, and / or determines whether the number of disconnected second switch units exceeds the temperature anomaly number threshold. If so, it indicates that the battery pack has thermal runaway. It is worth noting that the voltage anomaly number threshold and the temperature anomaly number threshold can be set according to the number of battery cells.

[0054] As another optional embodiment, multiple abnormality number thresholds can be set, each representing the sum of the upper limits of the number of disconnected first switch units in the voltage module 1 and the number of disconnected second switch units in the temperature module 3 when the battery pack experiences different degrees of thermal runaway. For example, if the battery pack may experience three degrees of thermal runaway, the first abnormality number threshold can be set to 5, the second abnormality number threshold to 7, and the third abnormality number threshold to 10. When the sum of the number of disconnected first switch units in the voltage module 1 and the number of disconnected second switch units in the temperature module 3 exceeds 5 and is less than 7, the battery pack experiences a first-level thermal runaway phenomenon. When the sum of the number of disconnected first switch units in the voltage module 1 and the number of disconnected second switch units in the temperature module 3 exceeds 7 and is less than 10, the battery pack experiences a second-level thermal runaway phenomenon. When the sum of the number of disconnected first switch units in the voltage module 1 and the number of disconnected second switch units in the temperature module 3 exceeds 10, the battery pack experiences a third-level thermal runaway phenomenon. It is worth noting that each abnormality number threshold can be set according to the number of battery cells.

[0055] If thermal runaway does not occur, the detection module 5 takes the voltage of the battery cells in each first branch and the temperature collected by the temperature sensing device in each second branch as the detection results and outputs them.

[0056] Optionally, the detection module 5 can output a thermal runaway response strategy based on the battery pack thermal runaway detection result. The thermal runaway response strategy includes a thermal runaway alarm, powering off the battery, disconnecting the main control box contactor, prohibiting charging and discharging, and uploading the thermal runaway location to the fire protection system.

[0057] In this embodiment, the battery pack thermal runaway detection result is output by detecting the voltage of each first branch battery cell and the state of the first switch unit in the voltage module, and detecting the temperature of each second branch temperature sensing device and the state of the second switch unit in the temperature module. Therefore, there is no need for a built-in detector. The battery pack thermal runaway state and degree can be determined based on the original voltage and temperature detection logic combined with the switch unit. While reducing costs, the detection results are made more stable and reliable. Moreover, since the first switch unit and the second switch unit are connected in series with the battery cells and the temperature sensing devices to the voltage sampling module and the temperature sampling module respectively, the detection results are timely, thereby improving the efficiency of responding to battery pack thermal runaway.

[0058] Optionally, each first branch corresponds to each second branch one by one, and the temperature sensing device in each second branch is arranged on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch.

[0059] Specifically, the number of the first branches is consistent with the number of the second branches, and the temperature sensing device in each second branch can be adsorbed and arranged on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch.

[0060] For example, based on Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first branch 10-1 and the second branch 30-1 are proposed Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a first branch and a corresponding second branch provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 4 As shown, the battery cell 101 in the first branch and the temperature sensing device 301 in the second branch are in close contact, so that the temperature sensing device 301 can detect the surface temperature of the battery cell 101 .

[0061] In this embodiment, the temperature sensing device in the second branch is arranged on the surface of the battery cell in the first branch, so as to directly detect the surface temperature of the battery cell, so that the detection result is accurate.

[0062] As an optional implementation, the temperature sensing device is a thermistor.

[0063] A thermistor is a semiconductor material or component with a negative temperature coefficient. The thermistor's resistance changes when affected by temperature. The temperature sampling module 4 can determine the surface temperature of the battery cell based on the thermistor's resistance.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, in addition to being connected to the temperature sampling module 4 through the second switch unit, the temperature sensing device is also directly connected to the temperature sampling module 4 to form a loop so as to determine the resistance value of the thermistor by the current flowing through it, thereby determining the surface temperature of the battery cell.

[0065] In this embodiment, a thermistor is used as a temperature sensing device to detect the temperature of the battery cell surface at a low cost.

[0066] As an optional implementation, the second switch unit in each second branch is connected to the second welding point 303 on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch, so as to be connected to the temperature sensing device through the second welding point 303 .

[0067] Optionally, the second welding point 303 is located on the flexible circuit board on the surface of the battery cell.

[0068] Optionally, the first welding point 103 is located on a flexible circuit board on the surface of the battery cell, and the first switch unit and the second switch unit are also located on the flexible circuit board.

[0069] Optionally, the first switch unit in each first branch is connected to the first welding point 103 on the surface of the battery cell in the first branch.

[0070] A first welding point 103 and a second welding point 303 may be provided on the surface of the battery cell in the first branch. The first welding point 103 is connected to the battery cell, and the first switch unit is connected to the battery cell via the first welding point 103. The second switch unit is connected to the temperature sensing device via the second welding point 303.

[0071] For example, based on Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first branch 10-1 and the second branch 30-1 are proposed Figure 5 , Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a first welding point and a second welding point provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the first welding point 103 and the second welding point 303 are adjacent to each other and are located on the flexible circuit board.

[0072] As an optional embodiment, the flexible circuit board can be divided into multiple circuit boards according to the position of the battery cells 101. For example, if 20 battery cells can be divided into 4 groups, the flexible circuit board can be divided into 4 circuit boards, thereby saving space and reasonably arranging the circuit board positions.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first switch unit and the battery cell are connected via a first welding point, and the second switch unit and the temperature sensing device are connected via a second welding point, thereby firmly connecting the battery cell and the temperature sensing device. Furthermore, by placing the first and second welding points on the flexible circuit board, the first and second switch units can also be placed on the flexible circuit board, making the switch configuration stable and error-prone, and eliminating the need for regular calibration and maintenance.

[0074] As an optional implementation, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the detection module 5 includes: a first counting unit 51.

[0075] The detection module 5 is specifically configured to control the first counting unit 51 to count the number of first switch units in the on state or the off state according to the state of the first switch units in each first branch.

[0076] Specifically, the state of the first switch unit in the first branch is obtained by the voltage sampling unit, and the voltage sampling unit can determine whether the first switch unit is in the on state according to the detected voltage.

[0077] The detection module 5 further includes a second counting unit 52 .

[0078] The detection module 5 is specifically configured to control the second counting unit 52 to count the number of the second switch units in the on state or the off state according to the state of the second switch units in each second branch.

[0079] Specifically, the state of the second switch unit in the second branch is obtained by the temperature sampling unit, and the temperature sampling unit can determine whether the second switch unit is in the on state according to the detected temperature.

[0080] Optionally, the first counting unit 51 and the second counting unit 52 may count the first switch unit and the second switch unit in the on state, or may count the first switch unit and the second switch unit in the off state. It should be understood that the sum of the number of switch units in the on state and the number of switch units in the off state is the total number of all switch units.

[0081] As an optional embodiment, the first counting unit 51 and the second counting unit 52 can be composed of an adder element, and the adder can accumulate the level signals output by the voltage sampling module 2 and the temperature sampling module 4 to finally obtain the number of the first switch unit and the second switch unit in the on state or the off state.

[0082] As another optional implementation, the voltage sampling module 2 and the temperature sampling module 4 can directly output the quantity signals of the first switch unit and the second switch unit in the on state or the off state, and the detection module 5 can directly receive the quantity signals and make judgments.

[0083] As an optional implementation, Figure 7 FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another battery pack thermal runaway detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system further includes: an alarm module 6.

[0084] The alarm module 6 is connected to the detection module 5 , and is used to issue an alarm when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack.

[0085] Specifically, the alarm module 6 may issue an alarm that may include, for example, emitting an alarm light, emitting an alarm sound, and uploading the thermal runaway location to the fire protection system, so that fire protection equipment and staff can quickly respond to the battery pack thermal runaway.

[0086] An embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage device, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack thermal runaway detection system.

[0087] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack thermal runaway detection system, characterized in that: The battery pack thermal runaway detection system includes: a voltage module, a temperature module, a voltage sampling module, a temperature sampling module and a detection module; The voltage module includes a plurality of first branches connected in parallel, each of the first branches includes a battery cell and a first switch unit connected to the battery cell; The temperature module includes a plurality of second branches, each of which includes a temperature sensing device and a second switch unit connected to the temperature sensing device; The first switch units in each of the first branches are connected to the voltage sampling module, and the second switch units in each of the second branches are connected to the temperature sampling module; The voltage sampling module is used to detect the voltage of the battery cells in each of the first branches and the state of the first switch unit. The temperature sampling module is used to detect the temperature of the temperature sensing device in each of the second branches and the state of the second switch unit. The detection module is used to output the battery pack thermal runaway detection result based on the detection results of the voltage sampling module and the detection results of the temperature sampling module.

2. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the first branches corresponds to each of the second branches one by one, and the temperature sensing device in each of the second branches is arranged on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch.

3. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature sensing device is a thermistor.

4. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second switch unit in each second branch is connected to a second welding point on the surface of the battery cell in the corresponding first branch, so as to be connected to the temperature sensing device through the second welding point.

5. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second welding point is located on the flexible circuit board on the surface of the battery cell.

6. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first switch unit in each of the first branches is connected to a first welding point on the surface of the battery cell in the first branch.

7. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module includes: a first counting unit; The detection module is specifically configured to control the first counting unit to count the number of first switch units in an on state or an off state according to the state of the first switch unit in each of the first branches.

8. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection module further includes: a second counting unit; The detection module is specifically configured to control the second counting unit to count the number of the second switch units in the on state or the off state according to the state of the second switch units in each of the second branches.

9. The battery pack thermal runaway detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack thermal runaway detection system further includes: an alarm module; The alarm module is connected to the detection module, and is used to issue an alarm when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device includes a battery pack thermal runaway detection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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