Solar cell and photovoltaic module
By optimizing the grid line structure of solar cells and using two sets of connecting lines to alternately set the main grid lines and fine grid lines, the risk of melting between the main and fine grids is solved, achieving a lower melting probability and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency while reducing preparation costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422629331.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-30
Smart Images
Figure CN223310214U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar cell preparation, and in particular relates to a solar cell and a photovoltaic component. Background Art
[0002] At present, solar cells are mainly composed of main grid, fine grid, welding point, harpoon and other parts. When the module is welded, the welding ribbon presses the main grid and heats it, causing the fine grid at the junction of the main grid and fine grid to melt due to heating. And due to thermal expansion and contraction, the melted grid line will shrink after cooling, thus causing the main grid and fine grid to break. Please refer to Figure 1 To solve the above problem, the current conventional treatment method is to thicken the fine grid at the overlap of the main and fine grids. This thickened fine grid 100 mainly plays the role of preventing the main grid line 200 and the fine grid line 300 in the non-thickened part from breaking. However, with the gradual optimization of screen printing parameters, the silver paste consumption of battery cells has gradually decreased, resulting in a continuous increase in the risk of battery cell melting. Conventional designs can no longer meet the anti-melting requirements. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic assembly, which reduce the probability of fusing between main and fine grids.
[0004] The utility model provides a solar cell, comprising a substrate and a grid line structure provided on the substrate, wherein the grid line structure comprises:
[0005] Multiple main grid lines are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the vertical direction;
[0006] A plurality of thin grid lines are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the horizontal direction;
[0007] a first group of connecting lines, the first group of connecting lines including a first connecting line and a second connecting line, wherein one end of the first connecting line is connected to one end of a thin gate line located on one side of the main gate line;
[0008] a second group of connecting lines, the second group of connecting lines including a third connecting line and a fourth connecting line, wherein the third connecting line is connected to one end of the fourth connecting line and then connected to one end of a thin gate line located on the other side of the main gate line;
[0009] The other end of the first connecting line, the other end of the second connecting line, the other end of the third connecting line, and the other end of the fourth connecting line are respectively connected to different positions of the main grid line.
[0010] Furthermore, the angles between the first connecting line and the second connecting line and between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line are 30°-60°.
[0011] Furthermore, the other end of the third connecting line, the other end of the first connecting line, the other end of the fourth connecting line and the other end of the second connecting line are alternately arranged in sequence.
[0012] Furthermore, the other end of the first connecting line contacts the other end of the third connecting line, and the other end of the second connecting line contacts the other end of the fourth connecting line.
[0013] Furthermore, the wire diameters of one ends of the first connecting wire, the second connecting wire, the third connecting wire and the fourth connecting wire are respectively smaller than the wire diameters of the other ends of the first connecting wire, the second connecting wire, the third connecting wire and the fourth connecting wire.
[0014] Furthermore, the lengths of the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line range from 0.65 mm to 0.75 mm.
[0015] Furthermore, the distance between the other end of the first connecting line and the other end of the second connecting line, and the distance between one end of the third connecting line and the other end of the fourth connecting line ranges from 0.435 to 0.445 mm.
[0016] Furthermore, the main grid has a continuous structure.
[0017] Furthermore, the main grid line has a segmented structure.
[0018] Furthermore, one end of any busbar segment among the busbars is connected to the other end of the third connecting line, and the other end of the busbar segment is connected to the other end of the second connecting line.
[0019] The utility model also provides a photovoltaic assembly, comprising the above-mentioned solar cell.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides at least the following technical effects:
[0021] The present invention connects the main grid line and the fine grid lines located on either side of the main grid line through two connecting wires. When one of the connecting wires is blown, the main grid line and the fine grid lines located on either side of the main grid line can be connected through the other connecting wire, thereby reducing the probability of a blown main grid line and fine grid lines. In addition, the present embodiment further configures the other end of the first connecting wire, the other end of the second connecting wire, the other end of the third connecting wire, and the other end of the fourth connecting wire to be connected to different positions of the main grid line, thereby preventing the connecting wire on the other side of the main grid line from also blowing when the connecting wire on one side of the main grid line is blown, further reducing the probability of a blown main grid line and fine grid lines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the grid line structure of a solar cell in the prior art;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gate line structure in the first embodiment of the present utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another gate line structure in the first embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following description of a solar cell and photovoltaic module of the present invention is combined with schematic diagrams, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art may modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as a general guide for those skilled in the art and not as a limitation of the present invention.
[0026] The following paragraphs describe the present invention in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are greatly simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] Please refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 , this embodiment provides a solar cell, including a substrate and a grid line structure arranged on the substrate.
[0029] Specifically, the gate line structure includes: a plurality of main gate lines 200 arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the vertical direction; and a plurality of fine gate lines 300 arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the horizontal direction.
[0030] The first group of connecting lines includes a first connecting line 1 and a second connecting line 2 . The first connecting line 1 is connected to one end of the second connecting line 2 and then connected to one end of the fine grid line 300 located on the first side of the main grid line 200 .
[0031] The second group of connecting lines includes a third connecting line 3 and a fourth connecting line 4 . The third connecting line 3 is connected to one end of the fourth connecting line 4 and then connected to one end of the fine grid line 300 located on the second side of the main grid line 200 .
[0032] In the first direction, the other end of the first connection line 1 , the other end of the second connection line 2 , the other end of the third connection line 3 , and the other end of the fourth connection line 4 are respectively connected to different positions of the busbar 200 .
[0033] It should be further noted that the solar cell provided in this embodiment can be an N-type solar cell or a P-type solar cell. Of course, the solar cell can also be of other types. The specific use case can be determined and the present embodiment does not impose any specific limitations on this.
[0034] It is understood that the main grid line 200 is a printed conductor, and the function of the main grid line 200 is to conduct the current generated by the solar cell due to incident photons. The main grid line 200 is used to conduct the current from the thin grid lines 300 connected thereto, the adjacent solar cell and / or the external circuit. The main grid line 200 can be arranged in a straight line, and the length and width can be set according to the actual situation. The main grid lines 200 are equidistant and parallel to each other. In addition, the main grid line 200 can also be in an arc shape, a broken line shape or a curved shape.
[0035] Furthermore, the main grid line 200 can also be a continuous or segmented type. A continuous type means that the main grid line 200 is an uninterrupted, continuous line on the substrate of the solar cell. The main grid line 200 can also be a segmented main grid, which means that the main grid line 200 is divided into multiple independent main grid line 200 segments, and each main grid line 200 segment is connected to the fine grid lines 300 on both sides via connecting lines. The use of a segmented main grid can reduce the amount of silver paste used in the preparation of the main grid while ensuring that the photocurrent can be transmitted between the main and fine grids, thereby reducing the shading area, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and reducing the preparation cost.
[0036] In a specific embodiment, the structure of the segmented main grid is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, no main grid line 200 is set between the third connecting line 3 and the second connecting line 2 , one end of any section of the main grid line 200 is connected to the other end of the third connecting line 3 , and the other end of any section of the main grid is connected to the other section of the second connecting line 2 .
[0037] The fine grid lines 300 are printed conductors that form ohmic contact with the solar cell substrate and are electrically connected to the corresponding busbars 200. The fine grid lines 300 can be arranged in a straight line, that is, they are arranged in a straight line, with each fine grid line 300 arranged in parallel. Of course, the fine grid lines 300 can also be in an arc, a broken line, or a curved line.
[0038] The connecting wires are printed conductors, and all main grid lines 200 are connected to the fine grid lines 300 located on both sides of the main grid lines 200 through the connecting wires. The connecting wires serve to strengthen the connection strength between the connecting wires and the main grid lines 200, and to guide the photocurrent from the fine grid to the main grid.
[0039] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 It also shows the flow direction of the photocurrent in the grid line structure when the main grid line 200 set in the vertical direction is a continuous section. Specifically, the photocurrent flows from the fine grid lines 300 on both sides of the main grid line 200 into the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3 respectively, and converges from the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3 to the main grid line 200. The main grid line 200 then transmits the photocurrent to the second connecting line 2 and the fourth connecting line 4 of the upper fine grid line 300 adjacent to the fine grid line 300 respectively. The second connecting line 2 and the fourth connecting line 4 converge the photocurrent to the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3 respectively, and then converge to the main grid line 200 through the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3, or directly converge the photocurrent to the main grid line 200 through the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3, and then the photocurrent is directly transmitted along the main grid line 200 in the vertical direction F1.
[0040] When any one of the two connecting wires connecting the main grid line 200 and the fine grid line 300 on either side of the main grid line 200 is blown, the photogenerated current flows from the fine grid line 300 into the other unblown connecting wire, and the other unblown connecting wire then serves as the photogenerated current transmission wire. For example, when any one of the first connecting wires 1 is blown, the fine grid line 300 connected to the first connecting wire 1 and the second connecting wire 2 can transmit the photogenerated current to the main grid line 200 through the second connecting wire 2, or the photogenerated current can flow through the second connecting wire 2, the fourth connecting wire 4 and the third connecting wire 3 in sequence, and then converge into the main grid line 200. Similarly, if any one of the second connecting wires 2 is blown, the fine grid line 300 connected to the first connecting wire 1 and the second connecting wire 2 can transmit the photogenerated current to the main grid line 200 through the first connecting wire 1.
[0041] Further, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The figure also shows the direction of photocurrent flow in the grid line structure when multiple sections of main grid lines 200 are arranged in the vertical direction. Specifically, after the photocurrent flows from the fine grid lines 300 on both sides of the main grid line 200 into the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3, the first connecting line 1 and the third connecting line 3 converge the photocurrent into the main grid line 200. The main grid line 200 then transmits the photocurrent to the third connecting line 3 and the fourth connecting line 4 located above the fine grid line 300. The third connecting line 3 and the fourth connecting line 4 converge the photocurrent into the first connecting line 1 and the second connecting line 2, respectively, and then converge into the main grid line 200 through the first connecting line 1 and the second connecting line 2.
[0042] When any of the two connecting wires connecting the main grid line 200 and the fine grid line 300 on either side of the main grid line 200 is blown, the photogenerated current flows from the fine grid line 300 into the other unblown connecting wire, and the other unblown connecting wire then serves as the photogenerated current transmission line. For example, when the first connecting wire 1 is blown, the photogenerated current in the fine grid line 300 connected to the first connecting wire 1 and the second connecting wire 2 can flow through the second connecting wire 2, the fourth connecting wire 4 and the third connecting wire 3 in sequence, and finally converge into the main grid line 200. Similarly, if the second connecting wire 2 is blown, the photogenerated current in the fine grid line 300 connected to the first connecting wire 1 and the second connecting wire 2 can transmit the photogenerated current to the main grid line 200 through the first connecting wire 1.
[0043] It is understood that the two aforementioned current confluence situations occur when a soldering ribbon is provided on the front of the solar cell, extending from bottom to top along the vertical direction F1. In this case, the current flows vertically from bottom to top. Alternatively, the soldering ribbon may be provided vertically from top to bottom. In this case, the current flows vertically from top to bottom. In both cases, the structure of this embodiment can be used to prevent fuses.
[0044] It can be seen that in this embodiment, the main grid line 200 and the fine grid lines 300 located on either side of the main grid line 200 are connected by two connecting wires. When one of the connecting wires is blown, the main grid line 200 can also be connected to the fine grid lines 300 located on either side of the main grid line 200 through another connecting wire, thereby reducing the probability of the main and fine grid lines being blown. In addition, in this embodiment, the other end of the first connecting wire 1, the other end of the second connecting wire 2, the other end of the third connecting wire 3, and the other end of the fourth connecting wire 4 are respectively connected to different positions of the main grid line 200. Instead of setting the other end of the first connecting wire 1 and the other end of the third connecting wire 3, or the other end of the second connecting wire 2 and the other end of the third connecting wire 3 to be connected at the same position of the main grid line 200, it can prevent the other connecting wire on the other side of the main grid line 200 from being blown when any one of the connecting wires on one side is blown.
[0045] In one specific embodiment, in the vertical direction, the other end of the first connecting line 1 is located above the other end of the second connecting line 2; the other end of the third connecting line 3 is located above the other end of the fourth connecting line 4. The other end of the third connecting line 3 is located above the other end of the first connecting line 1 and contacts the other end of the first connecting line 1; the other end of the fourth connecting line 4 is located above the other end of the second connecting line 2 and contacts the other end of the second connecting line 2. That is, in this embodiment, the other end of the third connecting line 3, the other end of the first connecting line 1, the other end of the fourth connecting line 4, and the other end of the second connecting line 2 are connected in sequence from top to bottom along the busbar 200. In this embodiment, the advantage of providing the other ends of the first and third connecting lines 1 and 3, and the other ends of the second and fourth connecting lines 2 and 4 in contact is that the number of busbars 200 is reduced, thereby reducing the cost of battery production. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the order in which the connecting lines are connected on the busbar 200 is not limited to the above order and can be selected according to actual circumstances, and is not specifically limited here.
[0046] In order to further reduce the risk of melting, the angles between the first connecting line 1 and the second connecting line 2, and between the third connecting line 3 and the fourth connecting line 4 set in this embodiment cannot be too small, otherwise the two connected connecting lines will melt at the same time.
[0047] In a specific embodiment, the angles between the first connecting line 1 and the second connecting line 2, and between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line 4 are 30°-60°, for example, 35°, 55°, or 58°. The advantage of setting the angles between 30°-60° is that, on the basis of further reducing the risk of melting, the length of the connecting line between the fine grid line 300 and the main grid line 200 can be reduced, thereby reducing the amount of silver paste used, while increasing the light receiving area and thus improving efficiency.
[0048] It is understandable that the angles between the first connecting line 1 and the second connecting line 2 and between the third connecting line and the fourth connecting line 4 can be the same or different, depending on the actual printing process requirements.
[0049] Furthermore, the length of the connecting wires between the main fine grids should be neither too long nor too short; they must be able to carry the current generated by the solar cells. If the connecting wires are too short, the resistance of the connecting wires may increase, resulting in more heat generated during current transmission, thereby increasing the melting rate. Excessively long connecting wires increase the shading area and design cost. Therefore, this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned connecting wire length design, which can maintain the current carrying capacity and connection stability of the connecting wires while reducing the shading area and manufacturing cost.
[0050] Preferably, the length of the first connecting line 1, the second connecting line 2, the third connecting line 3 and the fourth connecting line 4 ranges from 0.65 mm to 0.75 mm, for example, 0.61 mm, 0.7 mm or 0.72 mm.
[0051] Preferably, the distance between the other end of the first connecting line 1 and the other end of the second connecting line 2, and between one end of the third connecting line 3 and the other end of the fourth connecting line 4 is in the range of 0.435-0.445, for example, 0.44 mm and 0.442 mm.
[0052] Furthermore, the wire diameters at one end of the first connecting wire 1, the second connecting wire 2, the third connecting wire 3, and the fourth connecting wire 4 are respectively smaller than the wire diameters at the other ends of the first connecting wire 1, the second connecting wire 2, the third connecting wire 3, and the fourth connecting wire 4. The ends with smaller wire diameters are connected to the fine grid lines 300 to reduce resistance and improve current transmission efficiency, while the other ends with larger wire diameters are connected to the main grid lines 200 to enable them to carry the larger current collected from the fine grid lines 300.
[0053] Example 2
[0054] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module, including the solar cell of Embodiment 1 and / or Embodiment 2. The advantages of the solar cell of any of the above embodiments are also possessed by the photovoltaic module provided by the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here.
[0055] It can be understood that the automotive wire-controlled steering harness is mainly used in the steering shaft system of new energy vehicles through the sensor connector.
[0056] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A solar cell, characterized in that: It includes a substrate and a gate line structure provided on the substrate, wherein the gate line structure includes: Multiple main grid lines are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the vertical direction; A plurality of thin grid lines are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in the horizontal direction; a first group of connecting lines, the first group of connecting lines including a first connecting line and a second connecting line, wherein one end of the first connecting line is connected to one end of a thin gate line located on one side of the main gate line; a second group of connecting lines, the second group of connecting lines including a third connecting line and a fourth connecting line, wherein the third connecting line is connected to one end of the fourth connecting line and then connected to one end of a thin gate line located on the other side of the main gate line; The other end of the first connecting line, the other end of the second connecting line, the other end of the third connecting line, and the other end of the fourth connecting line are respectively connected to different positions of the main grid line.
2. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The angle between the first connection line and the second connection line and the angle between the third connection line and the fourth connection line are 30°-60°.
3. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The other end of the third connecting line, the other end of the first connecting line, the other end of the fourth connecting line and the other end of the second connecting line are alternately arranged in sequence.
4. The solar cell according to claim 3, wherein The other end of the first connection line contacts the other end of the third connection line, and the other end of the second connection line contacts the other end of the fourth connection line.
5. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The wire diameters of one ends of the first connecting wire, the second connecting wire, the third connecting wire and the fourth connecting wire are respectively smaller than the wire diameters of the other ends of the first connecting wire, the second connecting wire, the third connecting wire and the fourth connecting wire.
6. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The lengths of the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line range from 0.65 mm to 0.75 mm.
7. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The distance between the other end of the first connecting line and the other end of the second connecting line, and the distance between one end of the third connecting line and the other end of the fourth connecting line ranges from 0.435 to 0.445 mm.
8. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The main grid has a continuous structure.
9. The solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The main grid line has a segmented structure.
10. The solar cell according to claim 9, wherein One end of any busbar segment of the busbars is connected to the other end of the third connecting line, and the other end of the busbar segment is connected to the other end of the second connecting line.
11. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The solar cell comprises the solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 10.