Negative-pressure specific-gravity seed selecting and grading structure

Abstract

The negative-pressure specific-gravity seed selecting and grading structure comprises a shell, a shell cavity of the shell is constructed to comprise a main selecting channel which is close to one side and extends in the height direction and a plurality of secondary selecting channels which are close to the inner side of the main selecting channel and are sequentially distributed, and a normally-open type discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the main selecting channel; feeding channels of the secondary selection channels are located above the normally-opened discharging ports and are sequentially communicated with the main selection channel in the height direction, a feeding port used for feeding seeds is formed in the position, close to the middle, of the outer side of the main selection channel, normally-closed discharging ports are formed in the bottoms of the multiple secondary selection channels, discharging baffles are installed at the normally-closed discharging ports, and the discharging baffles are communicated with the main selection channel. The tops of the ends, away from the feeding channel, of the multiple secondary selection channels are provided with negative pressure openings used for providing negative pressure correspondingly. The secondary selection channel is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the included angle between the lower plate forming the multiple feeding channels and the horizontal plane is sequentially increased from top to bottom, so that selection and grading of the seeds can be completed with a relatively simple structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seed selection equipment, in particular to a negative pressure specific gravity seed selection grading structure. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of seed selection and grading is to eliminate mixed seeds of foreign crops or varieties, as well as unfilled, insect-infested, and inferior seeds, so as to improve the accuracy level and utilization rate of seeds, that is, to improve seed purity, germination rate and seed vitality.

[0003] Usually, a negative pressure gravity selection machine is used to select and classify seeds. In the prior art, patent CN107199130A discloses a double-gravity selection screen for grains, which uses the circulation effect of wind. Two high-power fans extract the chaff, leaves, impurities and dust from the grains twice, and let the impurities pass through the Shakron sedimentation and filtration. The remaining wind is used again to supply the gravity screen to screen the materials on the screen surface according to the weight of the materials. The light and impurities discharged by the double-gravity table are discharged through the auger, and the dust, chaff and other light impurities collected by the absorption hood are processed and separated by a double-helix dust collector to purify the ambient air. The material enters the grading screen after the secondary gravity screening. The grading screen grades and screens the large particles and broken particles in the material. It has the problem of complex overall structure, especially for multi-stage selection operations, the equipment cost is high, and the later maintenance is inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure, which has a simpler structure and can handle multi-stage seed selection operations well and conveniently, with high selection accuracy, low equipment cost, and easy maintenance.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure, comprising a shell, wherein the shell has a shell cavity, the shell cavity being constructed to include a main selection channel near one side and a plurality of secondary selection channels adjacent to the inner side of the main selection channel and distributed in sequence, the main selection channel extending in the height direction, a normally open discharge port being provided at the bottom of the main selection channel, a plurality of inlet channels of the secondary selection channels being located above the normally open discharge port and connected to the main selection channel in sequence in the height direction, a feed port for feeding seeds being provided near the middle of the outer side of the main selection channel, a normally closed discharge port being provided at the bottom of the plurality of secondary selection channels, a discharge baffle being installed at the normally closed discharge port, and a negative pressure port for providing negative pressure being provided at the top of one end of the plurality of secondary selection channels away from the inlet channel;

[0006] The secondary selection channel is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the angle between the lower plate and the horizontal plane constituting the multiple feeding channels increases from top to bottom.

[0007] In a possible implementation, the discharge baffle is a pull-out baffle or a magnetic baffle.

[0008] In one possible implementation, there are two secondary selection channels, which are defined as the first channel and the second channel respectively, wherein the feed channel, the lower plate, and the normally closed discharge port of the first channel and the second channel are defined as the first feed channel and the second feed channel, the first lower plate and the second lower plate, the first discharge port and the second discharge port respectively, wherein the first feed channel is close to the top of the shell, the second feed channel is close to the middle of the shell, the first discharge port is far away from the normally open discharge port relative to the second discharge port, and the angle between the first lower plate constituting the first feed channel and the horizontal plane is 20°-30°.

[0009] In a possible implementation, an angle between the second lower plate constituting the second feeding channel and a horizontal plane is 34°-48°.

[0010] In a possible implementation, a first baffle is provided at the top of the main concentrating channel. The first baffle is obliquely arranged at a corner of the top of the main concentrating channel and cooperates with the first lower plate to form the first feeding channel.

[0011] A triangular baffle plate is provided at one end of the first channel away from the first baffle, the first right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate constitutes a part of the top wall of the shell cavity, the second right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate is parallel to the side wall of the shell cavity away from the feeding port, the negative pressure port in the first channel is located on the outside of the second right-angled side, the hypotenuse of the triangular baffle plate cooperates with the first lower plate to form a blanking channel, the blanking channel is part of the first channel, and the diameter of the blanking channel gradually decreases from the end away from the first baffle to the end close to the first baffle.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a main baffle is provided on the inner side wall of the main selection channel, and the main baffle extends obliquely downward near the outer side wall and covers the second feed channel in the height direction. The feed port is close to the middle of the main baffle, and the second feed channel is close to the lower part of the main baffle.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a second baffle is provided in the second channel, the second baffle is L-shaped, the short side of the second baffle cooperates with the second lower plate to form the second feeding channel, the long side of the second baffle extends obliquely downward away from the main selection channel, and the negative pressure port in the second channel is located directly above the long side.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a third baffle is further provided in the second channel, the third baffle is close to the second discharge port, the third baffle extends obliquely in the height direction, and faces the long side.

[0015] In a possible implementation, a fan-shaped rotating baffle is installed at the negative pressure port for changing the opening size of the negative pressure port.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the shell cavity has a relative front panel and a back panel, the negative pressure port is opened on the back panel, the front panel is a transparent panel or an opaque panel, and the front panel is connected to the shell through a hinge structure so as to be able to open or close the shell cavity.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the negative pressure specific gravity seed selection grading structure provided by the present application sets a main selection channel and multiple secondary selection channels. At the same time, the angle between the lower plate of the multiple secondary selection channels and the horizontal plane increases from top to bottom. It can achieve multi-level selection of seeds according to specific gravity under the action of negative pressure, with good selection effect, easy use, low equipment cost, and easy maintenance.

[0018] These and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention are fully reflected in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure of the present application is shown.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are provided for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention as defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0022] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of the specification, the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] It is to be understood that the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the elements may be multiple, and the term "one" should not be understood as a limitation on the quantity.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides a negative pressure specific gravity seed selection grading structure, which includes a shell 10. The shell 10 has a shell cavity. The shell cavity is constructed to include a main selection channel 101 close to the right side and a plurality of secondary selection channels 102 close to the inner side of the main selection channel 101 (i.e., the left side of the main selection channel 101) and distributed in sequence, wherein the main selection channel 101 extends in the height direction, and at the same time, a normally open discharge port 1011 is provided at the bottom of the main selection channel 101, wherein the feed channels 103 of the plurality of the secondary selection channels 102 are located above the normally open discharge port 1011, and are connected to the main selection channel 101 in sequence along the height direction, wherein a feed port 104 for feeding seeds is provided on the outer side of the main selection channel 101 near the middle, and in addition, a normally closed discharge port 1021 is provided at the bottom of the plurality of the secondary selection channels 102, and the normally closed discharge port 1021 is provided. A discharge baffle 11 is installed at the material port 1021, and the discharge baffle 11 is a pull-out baffle or a magnetic baffle, wherein the pull-out baffle mainly relies on a baffle located in a limit groove and capable of directionally moving to block or open the normally closed discharge port 1021, while the magnetic baffle is hinged to the shell on one side, and a magnetic attraction relationship is generated between the shell 10 and the other side through a magnet or a magnet, thereby conveniently blocking or opening the normally closed discharge port 1021, wherein multiple sub-selection channels 102 are respectively provided with a negative pressure port 105 for providing negative pressure at the top of one end away from the feed channel 103; generally, the negative pressure port 105 is connected to an exhaust duct, and a negative pressure fan is installed on the exhaust duct, and the air in the shell cavity is sucked in by the continuous operation of the negative pressure fan, thereby forming a negative pressure environment.

[0025] The secondary selection channel 102 is composed of an upper plate 12 and a lower plate 13 , and the angle between the lower plate 13 and the horizontal plane that constitutes the multiple feeding channels 103 increases from top to bottom.

[0026] During operation, the negative pressure is first turned on, and the air in the shell cavity is continuously sucked into the negative pressure port 105, and then the seeds that need to be selected (such as soybeans, wheat, etc.) are sent into the main selection channel 101 through the feed port 104. The seeds with a higher specific gravity directly leak out of the shell cavity from the normally open discharge port 1011, and the seeds with a lighter specific gravity will be adsorbed upward under the action of the negative pressure, and will be sucked into different secondary selection channels 102 according to their different specific gravity. The seeds with a lighter specific gravity will be sucked away by the higher feed channel 103, and the seeds with a heavier specific gravity will be sucked away by the lower feed channel 103, thereby realizing the selection and grading of seeds, and the normally closed discharge port 1021 is blocked by the discharge baffle 11 during operation. The negative pressure in the secondary selection channel 102 can be ensured, and it will only be opened when the selection needs to be stopped and unqualified seeds or foreign crops need to be removed. The key is that the angle between the lower plate 13 of the feeding channel 103 of the secondary selection channel 102 and the horizontal plane increases from top to bottom, so that the lighter material can be more easily sucked into the corresponding secondary selection channel 102 from the upper feeding channel 103, which can improve the selection efficiency of the lighter material, while the heavier material can more easily slide back to the main selection channel 101 near the lower feeding channel 103, which can avoid the qualified seeds being mistakenly sucked in due to the strong suction pressure at the feeding channel 103, resulting in waste of resources.

[0027] Therefore, the negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure provided by the present application not only has a simple overall structure, but also has low equipment cost, can well complete multi-stage selection operations, and is easy to maintain in the later stage.

[0028] Taking the example of two secondary selection channels 102, the two secondary selection channels 102 are defined as a first channel 21 and a second channel 22, respectively. The partition between the two channels is a lower plate relative to the first channel 21 and an upper plate relative to the second channel 22. At the same time, the feed channel 103, the lower plate 13, and the normally closed discharge port 1021 of the first channel 21 and the second channel 22 are defined as a first feed channel 31 and a second feed channel 32, a first lower plate 41 and a second lower plate 42, and a first discharge port 301 and a second discharge port 302, respectively. The first feed channel 31 is close to the top of the shell 10, wherein the second feed channel 32 is close to the middle of the shell 10, and the first discharge port 301 is far away from the normally open discharge port 1011 relative to the second discharge port 302. At the same time, the angle between the first lower plate 41 constituting the first feed channel 31 and the horizontal plane is 20°-30°, so that materials with lighter specific gravity (mostly foreign crops, such as straw, etc.) can more easily pass through the first feed channel 31 and be sucked into the first channel 21, which can improve the selection efficiency of materials with lighter specific gravity.

[0029] Taking into account that the feed channel 103 is generally narrow and there is a large suction pressure, and the seeds just fed in from the feed port 104 have a slow falling speed, the qualified seeds just fed in are at risk of being sucked away by the second feed channel 32, which can easily cause a waste of resources. Therefore, the angle between the second lower plate 42 constituting the second feed channel 32 and the horizontal plane is 34°-48°, which will make it easier for materials with heavier specific gravity to slide back along the second feed channel 32 to the main selection channel 101, and then this part of the material can be re-selected under the dual influence of normal specific gravity and negative pressure. In this way, the seed selection quality can be improved by re-selecting by specific gravity, avoiding the situation of incorrect selection and grading.

[0030] In one embodiment, a first baffle 14 is provided at the top of the main concentrating channel 101, wherein the first baffle 14 is obliquely provided at the corner of the top of the main concentrating channel 101 and cooperates with the first lower plate 41 to form the first feeding channel 31. This can further reduce the inner diameter of the first feeding channel 31, thereby increasing the negative pressure of the first feeding channel 31. That is, the wind speed is increased by a purely mechanical structural distribution method, the negative pressure attraction is greater, and it is easier to absorb lighter materials.

[0031] A triangular baffle plate 15 is provided at one end of the first channel 21 away from the first baffle 14, wherein the triangular baffle plate 15 can be a solid plate or a frame structure that can be surrounded into a triangle, wherein the first right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate 15 constitutes part of the top wall of the shell cavity, wherein the second right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate 15 is parallel to the side wall of the shell cavity away from the feeding port 104, and the negative pressure port 105 in the first channel 21 is located outside the second right-angled side, wherein the hypotenuse of the triangular baffle plate 15 cooperates with the first lower plate 41 to form The material drop channel 33 is a part of the first channel 21, and the diameter of the material drop channel 33 gradually decreases from the end away from the first baffle 14 to the end close to the first baffle 14, so that the negative pressure in the material drop channel 303 gradually decreases from the end of the first feeding channel 31 close to the first baffle 14 to the other end, thereby gradually reducing the attraction to the materials attracted by the first feeding channel 31, so that these materials can freely fall to the first discharge port 301 of the first channel 21 instead of being attracted to the negative pressure port 104.

[0032] In one embodiment, a main baffle 16 is provided on the inner wall of the main selection channel 101, wherein the main baffle 16 extends obliquely downward near the outer wall and covers the second feed channel 32 in the height direction. At the same time, the feed port 104 is close to the middle of the main baffle 16 (the second feed channel 32 can be located 1.2 cm below the feed port 104). Thus, the seeds fed into the feed port 104 can be shielded by the main baffle 16 to prevent them from being directly sucked away by the second feed channel 32. The negative pressure at the second feed channel 32 can also be appropriately increased in conjunction with the inner wall of the main selection channel 101, so that the second feed channel 32 can more smoothly suck away seeds with slightly heavier specific gravity and shriveled and inferior seeds, etc. The selection accuracy can also be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the inclination angle of the main baffle 16.

[0033] In one embodiment, a second baffle 221 is provided in the second channel 22, and the second baffle 221 is L-shaped, wherein the short side of the second baffle 221 cooperates with the second lower plate 42 to form the second feeding channel 32, wherein the long side of the second baffle 221 extends obliquely downward away from the main selection channel 101, and the negative pressure port 105 in the second channel 22 is located directly above the long side, thereby being able to block seeds with slightly heavier specific gravity but unqualified seeds through the long side to prevent them from being sucked into the negative pressure port 105 in the second channel 22. When these seeds leave the range of the long side, the space increases instantly, the negative pressure is small, and the seeds will fall directly to the second discharge port 302.

[0034] Further preferably, a third baffle 222 is provided in the second channel 22, wherein the third baffle 222 is close to the second discharge port 302, and the third baffle 222 extends obliquely in the height direction and is opposite to the long side, thereby playing a role in blocking seeds. At the same time, the opening size of the second discharge port 302 in the second channel 22 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the discharge baffle 11 there, improving the overall structural strength of the shell 10, facilitating the installation of the discharge baffle 11, and facilitating unloading.

[0035] In one embodiment, the negative pressure port 105 is equipped with a fan-shaped rotating baffle 17 for changing the opening size of the negative pressure port 105, thereby being able to change the opening area of ​​the negative pressure port 105 to provide negative pressures of different pressures, thereby being suitable for selecting and grading different types of seeds, and having a wide range of applications. Generally, the negative pressure port 105 is a circular port with baffles spaced apart in the circumference. The negative pressure is provided by the gaps between the baffles. Rotating the fan-shaped rotating baffle 17 can change the size of these gaps, thereby changing the negative pressure supply area of ​​the negative pressure port 105.

[0036] In one embodiment, the shell cavity has a relative front panel and a back panel, wherein the negative pressure port 105 is opened on the back panel, wherein the front panel is a transparent panel or an opaque panel, and the front panel is connected to the shell 10 through a hinge structure 18 (such as a hinge structure) to be able to open or close the shell cavity, wherein when the shell cavity is closed, selection and grading operations can be performed, wherein when the shell cavity is opened, the residue in the shell cavity can be cleaned, and it is more convenient to use.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first, second and third" in this application are used for descriptive purposes only and do not indicate any order. They cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. These terms can be interpreted as names.

[0038] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the present invention. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and illustrated in the embodiments. Any variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the principles described.

Claims

1. Negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure, characterized in that: The shell comprises a shell having a shell cavity, the shell cavity being constructed to include a main selecting channel near one side and a plurality of secondary selecting channels adjacent to the inner side of the main selecting channel and distributed in sequence, the main selecting channel extending in the height direction, a normally open discharge port being provided at the bottom of the main selecting channel, a plurality of feed channels of the secondary selecting channels being located above the normally open discharge port and connected to the main selecting channel in sequence in the height direction, a feed port for feeding seeds being provided at the outer side of the main selecting channel near the middle, a normally closed discharge port being provided at the bottom of the plurality of secondary selecting channels, a discharge baffle being installed at the normally closed discharge port, and a negative pressure port for providing negative pressure being provided at the top of one end of the plurality of secondary selecting channels away from the feed channel; The secondary selection channel is composed of an upper plate and a lower plate, and the angle between the lower plate and the horizontal plane constituting the multiple feeding channels increases from top to bottom.

2. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging baffle is a pull-out baffle or a magnetic baffle.

3. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two secondary selection channels, which are defined as the first channel and the second channel respectively, wherein the feed channel, the lower plate, and the normally closed discharge port of the first channel and the second channel are defined as the first feed channel and the second feed channel, the first lower plate and the second lower plate, the first discharge port and the second discharge port respectively, wherein the first feed channel is close to the top of the shell, the second feed channel is close to the middle of the shell, the first discharge port is far away from the normally open discharge port relative to the second discharge port, and the angle between the first lower plate constituting the first feed channel and the horizontal plane is 20°-30°.

4. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle between the second lower plate constituting the second feeding channel and the horizontal plane is 34°-48°.

5. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first baffle is provided on the top of the main concentrating channel. The first baffle is obliquely provided at the corner of the top of the main concentrating channel and cooperates with the first lower plate to form the first feeding channel. A triangular baffle plate is provided at one end of the first channel away from the first baffle, the first right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate constitutes a part of the top wall of the shell cavity, the second right-angled side of the triangular baffle plate is parallel to the side wall of the shell cavity away from the feeding port, the negative pressure port in the first channel is located on the outside of the second right-angled side, the hypotenuse of the triangular baffle plate cooperates with the first lower plate to form a blanking channel, the blanking channel is part of the first channel, and the diameter of the blanking channel gradually decreases from the end away from the first baffle to the end close to the first baffle.

6. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the main selection channel is provided with a main baffle, which extends obliquely downward near the outer wall and covers the second feed channel in the height direction. The feed port is close to the middle of the main baffle, and the second feed channel is close to the lower part of the main baffle.

7. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second baffle is provided in the second channel, and the second baffle is L-shaped. The short side of the second baffle cooperates with the second lower plate to form the second feeding channel. The long side of the second baffle extends obliquely downward away from the main selection channel, and the negative pressure port in the second channel is located directly above the long side.

8. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third baffle is further provided in the second channel, the third baffle being close to the second discharge port, and the third baffle extending obliquely in the height direction and facing the long side.

9. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fan-shaped rotating baffle is installed at the negative pressure port for changing the opening size of the negative pressure port.

10. The negative pressure specific gravity seed selection and grading structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell cavity has a front panel and a back panel relative to each other, the negative pressure port is opened on the back panel, the front panel is a transparent panel or an opaque panel, and the front panel is connected to the shell through a hinge structure to be able to open or close the shell cavity.

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