Multi-axis control device for machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-axis control device for a machine tool, and relates to the technical field of numerical control machining. Comprising a base, a first direction assembly, a second direction assembly, a stand column structure, a third direction assembly and a tool apron assembly, the first direction assembly is arranged on the upper surface of the base, and the second direction assembly is rotatably connected to the output end of the first direction assembly; a preset angle is formed between the moving direction of the second direction assembly and the moving direction of the first direction assembly, the second direction assembly is horizontally arranged, the stand column structure is fixedly connected to one end of the base, and the third direction assembly is arranged through the stand column structure. The movement direction of the third direction assembly forms a preset included angle with the first direction assembly and the second direction assembly, and the tool apron assembly is connected to the output end of the third direction assembly and used for controlling rotation of a tool. Through the scheme design of multiple degrees of freedom, the multi-axis control of the machine tool is more flexible.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a multi-axis control device for machine tools. Background Art

[0002] In machine tools, three-axis displacement usually refers to the movement of the workpiece or tool in three mutually perpendicular axes during the machining process. These three axes are usually marked as X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, representing movement in three directions respectively. Precise control of three-axis displacement is crucial to ensuring machining accuracy and surface quality. Modern CNC machine tools use servo motors and feedback systems to achieve high-precision three-axis control, making it possible to process complex shapes and high-precision parts. For example, the patent application number is CN202221929673.1, and the patent name is a multi-axis intelligent machining machine tool. A three-axis servo control machining structure is proposed. However, this solution has a large vibration coefficient in vertical machining, and it does not deviate from the traditional three-axis motion. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-axis control device for machine tools to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] Technical solution: A multi-axis control device for machine tools, comprising:

[0005] The base is a box-type structure;

[0006] A first direction component is provided on the upper surface of the base;

[0007] A second directional component is rotatably connected to the output end of the first directional component; the movement direction of the second directional component is set at a preset angle to the movement direction of the first directional component; the second directional component is arranged horizontally;

[0008] A column structure, fixedly connected to one end of the base;

[0009] A third directional component is provided through the column structure; the movement direction of the third directional component forms a preset angle with the first directional component and the second directional component respectively;

[0010] The tool holder assembly is connected to the output end of the third directional assembly, and the tool holder assembly is used to control the rotation of the tool.

[0011] In a further embodiment, an electrical component is further included, which is electrically connected to the first direction component, the second direction component, and the third direction component, so that the output ends of the three groups of components move in a preset manner to form a control component.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the first direction component comprises:

[0013] at least one first guide rail mounted on the upper surface of the base;

[0014] A first screw assembly is adapted to the first guide rail and is mounted on the upper surface of the base; a steering cylinder is mounted on the output end of the first screw assembly; and the electrical assembly is electrically connected to the first screw assembly and the steering cylinder respectively;

[0015] The A-axis grating is adapted to the first lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives the signal of the A-axis grating.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the maximum rotation angle of the steering cylinder is 30°.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the second direction component comprises:

[0018] A saddle is connected to the output end of the first direction component; the bottom of the saddle adopts a plurality of well-shaped structures;

[0019] at least one second guide rail mounted on the surface of the saddle;

[0020] A second screw assembly is adapted to the second guide rail and is mounted on the surface of the saddle; the electrical assembly is electrically connected to the second screw assembly; and an output end of the second screw assembly is mounted on a workbench;

[0021] The B-direction grating is adapted to the second lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives the signal of the B-direction grating.

[0022] In a further embodiment, the third directional component comprises:

[0023] at least one third guide rail mounted on a side surface of the column structure;

[0024] A third screw assembly is adapted to the third guide rail and is mounted on the side surface of the column structure; the electrical component is electrically connected to the third screw assembly;

[0025] The C-axis grating is adapted to the third lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives the signal of the C-axis grating.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the tool holder assembly comprises:

[0027] A box body connected to the output end of the third directional component; the box body is a hollow structure and is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs;

[0028] A spindle is mounted through the housing, and a tool is mounted on the output end of the spindle;

[0029] The motor is installed through the box, and the output end of the motor is transmission-connected to the input end of the main shaft; the electrical component is electrically connected to the motor.

[0030] In a further embodiment, a plurality of first countersunk holes are distributed on the surface of the base; a plurality of mounting portions are provided on both sides of the base, and ends of the mounting portions extend out of the bottom surface of the base to form support feet.

[0031] In a further embodiment, the column structure is in an inverted Y shape, and a plurality of second countersunk holes are distributed on the surface of the column structure to reduce weight.

[0032] In a further embodiment, a tank chain set is installed at the bottom of the saddle for routing.

[0033] Beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. This application can propose a combined control solution for machine tools with at least 4 degrees of freedom, which is more flexible and can be used for processing special surfaces.

[0035] 2. The base of this application is wide, the column structure is an inverted Y-shaped structure, the heavy-load full support design, and the structure is solid, which can ensure the heavy-load capacity during processing. At the same time, the multiple countersunk hole distribution design makes the moving parts lightweight, greatly reducing the inertia ratio during work, making the processing agile and rapid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component structure of the first direction of this application.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second direction component structure in this application.

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third-direction component structure in this application.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the column structure in this application.

[0041] The figures in the figure are marked as: base 1, first direction component 2, second direction component 3, third direction component 4, column structure 5, tool holder assembly 6, first countersunk hole 7, mounting part 8, second countersunk hole 9, tank chain group 10, first guide rail 21, first screw rod assembly 22, A-direction grating 23, steering cylinder 24, second guide rail 31, second screw rod assembly 32, B-direction grating 33, third guide rail 41, third screw rod assembly 42, C-direction grating 43, box 61, spindle 62, motor 63. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features known in the art are not described to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Based on the problems mentioned in the background technology, the main idea of ​​this application is to adopt a vertical structure, set the motion coefficients in at least two directions on the horizontal plane, and use the low horizontal design to bear more vibration coefficients, optimize the shape and rigidity of the base 1, and thus disperse vibration. The solution is as follows:

[0045] The base 1 of the box-type structure is integrally molded and cast, and adopts a heavy-load full-support design. The first direction component 2 is installed on the upper surface of the base 1, and the second direction component 3 is rotatably installed at the output end of the first direction component 2. The rotation is achieved by the steering cylinder 24. The movement direction of the second direction component 3 is set at a preset angle to the movement direction of the first direction component 2. The second direction component 3 is installed horizontally, and the column structure 5 is fixedly installed at one end of the base 1. It is an inverted Y-shaped structure, and its two legs are fixedly connected to both sides of the base 1. The third direction component 4 is installed through the column structure 5. The movement direction of the third direction component 4 forms a preset angle with the first direction component 2 and the second direction component 3 respectively. The tool holder assembly 6 is installed at the output end of the third direction component 4. The tool holder assembly 6 is used to install and control the rotation of the tool.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the feet of the column structure 5 can be detachably installed on both sides of the base 1. By disassembly, the angle between the column knot and the base 1 can be modified. The feet of the column structure 5 have a width of 20-30CM and a large contact area with both sides of the base 1, which can be effectively fixed.

[0047] The above solution is different from the traditional three-axis module with three perpendicular directions. It can mill workpieces with special surfaces and has a higher degree of freedom.

[0048] Furthermore, electrical components are used to be electrically connected to the first direction component 2, the second direction component 3, and the third direction component 4, respectively, so that the output ends of the three groups of components move in a preset manner to form a control component.

[0049] The first direction assembly 2 in the present application includes at least: at least one first guide rail 21, a first screw assembly 22, an A-axis grating 23, and a steering cylinder 24, wherein the first guide rail 21 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 1, the first screw assembly 22 is parallel to the first guide rail 21 and is mounted on the upper surface of the base 1, the A-axis grating 23 is parallel to the first screw assembly 22 and is mounted on the base 1, the steering cylinder is mounted on the output end of the first screw assembly 22, the electrical assembly receives feedback from the A-axis grating 23 and controls the first screw assembly 22, and the steering cylinder 24 is also electrically connected to the electrical assembly. The above design has a higher degree of freedom compared to traditional machine tools.

[0050] The electrical components in the solution are existing control systems, so they will not be explained in detail in this application.

[0051] Furthermore, the second direction component 3 includes: a saddle, at least one second guide rail 31, a second screw assembly 32, and a B-direction grating 33, wherein

[0052] The saddle is mounted on the output end of the steering cylinder 24; the bottom of the saddle adopts multiple well-shaped structures to increase stress. The second guide rail 31 is mounted on the surface of the saddle. The electrical components are connected to the second screw assembly 32. The output end of the second screw assembly 32 is mounted on the workbench.

[0053] The B-direction grating 33 is adapted to the second lead screw assembly 32 and is mounted on the saddle. The electrical component receives the signal from the B-direction grating 33 and controls the second lead screw assembly 32 .

[0054] Furthermore, the third direction component 4 includes: at least one third guide rail 41, a third screw assembly 42, and a C-direction grating 43, wherein the third guide rail 41 is installed on the side surface of the column structure 5, and the C-direction grating 43 is also installed on the side surface of the column structure 5, parallel to the third guide rail 41, and the third screw assembly 42 is installed on the side surface of the column structure 5. The electrical component receives the signal of the C-direction grating 43 to control the movement of the third screw assembly 42.

[0055] The output end of the third screw assembly 42 is installed with a tool holder assembly 6, which includes a box body 61, a main shaft 62, and a motor 63, wherein the box body 61 is installed at the output end of the third direction assembly 4, the box body 61 is a hollow structure, and is provided with multiple reinforcing ribs, the main shaft 62 is installed on the box body 61, and a tool is installed at its output end, the motor 63 is installed through the box body 61, and the output end of the motor 63 is connected to the input end of the main shaft 62 through a belt drive or a gear drive, and the electrical component is electrically connected to the motor 63.

[0056] In order to achieve vibration reduction and reduce the weight of the machine tool, the solution of this application includes:

[0057] A plurality of first countersunk holes 7 are distributed on the surface of the base 1 to reduce the mass. At the same time, by designing the distribution and number of the first countersunk holes 7, the vibration characteristics of the machine tool can be improved, and the vibration impact during the processing can be reduced, thereby improving the processing accuracy and surface quality. A plurality of mounting parts 8 are set on both sides of the base 1. The ends of the mounting parts 8 extend out of the bottom surface of the base 1 to form support feet. The support feet have a smaller contact with the support surface and the ground, thereby increasing the pressure on the ground and making the base 1 stable; or a clamping structure is formed by the support feet and installed in a special position.

[0058] The column structure 5 is in an inverted Y shape, and a plurality of second countersunk holes 9 are distributed on the surface of the column structure 5 .

[0059] At the same time, in the present application, a tank chain set 10 is installed at the bottom of the saddle for routing.

[0060] As above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be interpreted as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-axis control device for a machine tool, characterized in that: include: The base is a box-type structure; A first direction component is provided on the upper surface of the base; A second directional component is rotatably connected to the output end of the first directional component; the movement direction of the second directional component is set at a preset angle to the movement direction of the first directional component; the second directional component is arranged horizontally; A column structure, fixedly connected to one end of the base; A third directional component is provided through the column structure; the movement direction of the third directional component forms a preset angle with the first directional component and the second directional component respectively; a tool holder assembly connected to the output end of the third directional assembly, the tool holder assembly being used to control the rotation of the tool; Also included is an electrical component, the electrical component being electrically connected to the first direction component, the second direction component, and the third direction component, respectively, so that the output ends of the three groups of components move in a preset manner, forming a control component; The first direction component includes: at least one first guide rail mounted on the upper surface of the base; A first screw assembly is adapted to the first guide rail and is mounted on the upper surface of the base; a steering cylinder is mounted on the output end of the first screw assembly; and the electrical assembly is electrically connected to the first screw assembly and the steering cylinder respectively; A-axis grating, adapted to the first lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives a signal from the A-axis grating; The second direction component includes: A saddle is connected to the output end of the first direction component; the bottom of the saddle adopts a plurality of well-shaped structures; at least one second guide rail mounted on the surface of the saddle; A second screw assembly is adapted to the second guide rail and is mounted on the surface of the saddle; the electrical assembly is electrically connected to the second screw assembly; and an output end of the second screw assembly is mounted on a workbench; The B-direction grating is adapted to the second lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives the signal of the B-direction grating; the third direction assembly includes: at least one third guide rail mounted on a side surface of the column structure; A third screw assembly is adapted to the third guide rail and is mounted on the side surface of the column structure; the electrical component is electrically connected to the third screw assembly; The C-axis grating is adapted to the third lead screw assembly; the electrical assembly receives the signal of the C-axis grating.

2. A multi-axis control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum rotation angle of the steering cylinder is 30°.

3. A multi-axis control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool holder assembly comprises: A box body connected to the output end of the third directional component; the box body is a hollow structure and is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs; A spindle is mounted through the housing, and a tool is mounted on the output end of the spindle; The motor is installed through the box, and the output end of the motor is transmission-connected to the input end of the main shaft; the electrical component is electrically connected to the motor.

4. A multi-axis control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first countersunk holes are distributed on the surface of the base; a plurality of mounting portions are provided on both sides of the base, and ends of the mounting portions extend out of the bottom surface of the base to form support legs.

5. The multi-axis control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: The column structure is in an inverted Y shape, and a plurality of second countersunk holes are distributed on the surface of the column structure to reduce weight.

6. A multi-axis control device for a machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tank chain set is installed at the bottom of the saddle for routing.

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