Wet brake system for emergency brake release

Abstract

The utility model provides a wet brake system for emergency brake release, which comprises a service brake and a parking brake which are connected with an oil pump through a brake diverter valve, a liquid filling oil port of the brake diverter valve is respectively connected with an energy accumulator and an oil inlet of a brake valve, and a brake oil port of the brake valve is connected with an oil inlet of the service brake; the brake valve controls on-off of an oil way through the pedal, when the pedal is stepped down, an oil return opening of the brake valve is opened, and high-pressure oil is added into the oil tank. When the pedal is released, the brake oil port of the brake valve is opened, and high-pressure oil enters the service brake to relieve braking; the hydraulic system further comprises a manual pump connected with the oil tank, and an oil outlet of the manual pump is connected with oil inlets of the energy accumulator and the brake valve. The system not only can ensure the braking effect when the vehicle works normally, but also can relieve braking in emergency when the vehicle breaks down.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a braking system of a forklift, in particular to a wet braking system for emergency brake release. Background Art

[0002] A forklift's wet brake system ensures effective braking, and its reliable performance is directly related to the safety of the entire vehicle, making it extremely important. The wet brake system includes both the service brake system and the parking brake system. The service brake system is typically controlled by the driver using the brake pedal, while the parking brake system can be manually operated using a handle. Currently, some service and parking brakes utilize high-pressure spring-loaded braking. This means the brake contains one or more high-pressure springs that, when not subject to external forces, push the brake shoes or discs against the friction surfaces on the wheels or drive axles, generating braking force. When the vehicle needs to move, the brake system applies pressure to the piston or cylinder within the brake using high-pressure oil. This pressure is sufficient to overcome the spring force of the high-pressure springs, separating the brake shoes or discs from the friction surfaces and releasing the brake.

[0003] However, if for some reason (such as hydraulic oil leakage, pump failure, etc.), the brake system cannot provide enough hydraulic oil pressure to balance the spring force, then the brake will work and the forklift will be in a braked state and unable to move. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a wet brake system for emergency brake release with simple pipelines.

[0005] The specific technical solutions adopted in this utility model are as follows:

[0006] A wet brake system for emergency brake release includes a service brake and a parking brake connected to an oil pump via a brake diverter valve. The filling port of the brake diverter valve is connected to an accumulator and an oil inlet of a brake valve, respectively. The brake oil port of the brake valve is connected to the oil inlet of the service brake. The brake valve is controlled by a pedal to open and close its oil circuit. When the pedal is depressed, the oil return port of the brake valve opens, and high-pressure oil is added to the oil tank. When the pedal is released, the brake oil port of the brake valve opens, and high-pressure oil enters the service brake to release the brake.

[0007] It also includes a manual pump connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the manual pump is connected to the oil inlet of the accumulator and the brake valve respectively.

[0008] The service brake and parking brake used in the wet brake system of this utility model are both high-pressure spring-loaded brake structures. When the brakes need to be released, hydraulic oil with sufficient pressure is required to overcome the spring force. In this application, an accumulator is used to store high-pressure oil, which can be fed into the service brake through the brake valve to release the service brake and allow the vehicle to move.

[0009] According to a further solution, the service brake includes service brake 1 and service brake 2 installed at both ends of the drive axle near the wheel axle; a cooling oil circuit is provided inside the drive axle, and the flushing oil port of the brake diverter valve is connected to the oil inlet end of the cooling oil circuit through a radiator, and the oil outlet end of the cooling oil circuit is connected to the oil tank.

[0010] In a further solution, the oil inlet end of the cooling oil circuit is connected to the oil tank through a pressure limiting valve, which is used to limit the oil pressure of the cooling oil circuit. When the oil pressure is too high, the pressure limiting valve is opened to guide the high-pressure oil into the oil tank.

[0011] In a further solution, the parking oil port of the brake diverter valve is connected to the parking brake through a brake solenoid valve. When the brake solenoid valve is energized, the parking oil port is opened, and high-pressure oil enters the parking brake to release the brake.

[0012] In a further solution, a low-pressure alarm switch is installed at the oil outlet end of the brake diverter valve's filling oil port, which is used to detect the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator. When it is detected that the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator is lower than the set value, an alarm is issued.

[0013] In a further solution, the oil inlet and outlet of the manual pump are respectively installed with a one-way valve 1 and a one-way valve 2.

[0014] In a further solution, the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected to the oil tank through oil suction filter 2, and the oil inlet of the manual pump is connected to the oil tank through oil suction filter 1. A respirator is installed in the oil tank to ensure the air pressure balance inside and outside the oil tank and to ensure the cleanliness of the air in the oil tank.

[0015] In this system, a radiator is added to cool the hydraulic oil, and the cooled hydraulic oil is introduced into the drive axle, thereby reducing the heat generated by the long-term friction of the service brake during braking.

[0016] The utility model provides a manual pump at the oil inlet of the accumulator. When a vehicle breaks down, that is, the oil pump cannot work normally, the manual pump can provide high-pressure hydraulic oil to the service brake and the parking brake, thereby releasing the vehicle's brakes and facilitating vehicle moving and maintenance.

[0017] Therefore, this system can not only ensure the braking effect when the vehicle is working normally, but also release the brakes in an emergency when a vehicle malfunctions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is the hydraulic principle diagram of the utility model;

[0020] In the figure: 1-oil pump, 2-brake diverter valve, 3-radiator, 4-brake valve, 5-drive axle, 5-1-service brake 1, 5-2-service brake 2, 6-parking brake, 7-accumulator, 8-pressure limiting valve, 9-low pressure alarm switch, 10-hand pump, 10-1-check valve 1, 10-2-check valve 2, 11-breather, 12-oil suction filter 1, 13-oil tank, 14-oil suction filter 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

[0022] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a wet brake system for emergency brake release includes a service brake and a parking brake 6 connected to an oil pump 1 via a brake diverter valve 2. The filling port A of the brake diverter valve 2 is connected to an accumulator 7 and the oil inlet of a brake valve 4, respectively. The brake oil port B of the brake valve 4 is connected to the oil inlet of the service brake. The brake valve 4 controls the oil flow through a pedal. When the pedal is depressed, the return oil port T of the brake valve 4 opens, allowing high-pressure oil to return to the oil tank 13. When the pedal is released, the brake oil port B of the brake valve 4 opens, allowing high-pressure oil to enter the service brake, releasing the brake. Specifically, in the initial state of the brake valve 4, its oil inlet P and brake oil port B are connected, allowing high-pressure oil to enter the service brake, releasing the brake. When the pedal is depressed, the oil inlet P is disconnected from the brake oil port B and connected to the return oil port T.

[0024] The manual pump 10 is also included, which is connected to the oil tank 13 . The oil outlet of the manual pump 10 is connected to the oil inlet of the accumulator 7 and the brake valve 4 respectively.

[0025] The service brake and parking brake used in the wet brake system of the present invention are both high-pressure spring-loaded brake structures. When the brake needs to be released, high-pressure oil needs to be injected into the brake, that is, hydraulic oil with sufficient pressure is introduced to overcome the spring force of the spring to release the brake. Under normal circumstances, the accumulator used in this application stores high-pressure oil, which can enter the service brake through the brake valve to release the service brake and the vehicle can be driven. However, when a vehicle malfunctions, that is, the oil pump 1 cannot work normally, the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 7 cannot provide sufficient high-pressure oil, then the manual pump 10 is started to supply part of the oil in the oil tank 13 to the accumulator 7 and the brake valve 4, and then to the service brake to release the service brake; the other part is supplied to the parking brake 6 through the filling oil port A and the parking oil port S of the brake diverter valve 2 to release the parking brake.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the service brakes comprise service brake 1 5 - 1 and service brake 2 5 - 2 , mounted at both ends of the drive axle 5 near the wheel axles. A cooling oil circuit is provided within the drive axle 5 . The flushing oil port O of the brake diverter valve 2 is connected to the oil inlet of the cooling oil circuit via a radiator 3 , and the oil outlet of the cooling oil circuit is connected to the oil tank 13 . The oil inlet of the cooling oil circuit is connected to the oil tank 13 via a pressure-limiting valve 8 , which limits the oil pressure in the cooling oil circuit. When the oil pressure is too high, the pressure-limiting valve opens, directing high-pressure oil into the oil tank 13 .

[0027] When the pressure in the accumulator 7 reaches the pressure set by the brake diverter valve 2, the oil inlet P and flushing port O of the brake diverter valve 2 are connected, and the hydraulic oil discharged by the oil pump 1 enters the radiator 3 through the oil inlet P and flushing port O of the brake diverter valve 2 for cooling. The cooled hydraulic oil then enters the cooling oil inlet circuit of the drive axle 5 to cool the heat generated by the prolonged friction of the service brakes during braking, and finally flows back to the oil tank 13. When the oil inlet pressure of the cooling oil circuit of the drive axle 5 exceeds the opening pressure set by the pressure-limiting valve 8, it opens, and the hydraulic oil discharged by the oil pump 1 will flow directly back to the oil tank 13 through the pressure-limiting valve 8.

[0028] In a further solution, the parking oil port S of the brake diverter valve 2 is connected to the parking brake 6 through a brake solenoid valve. When the brake solenoid valve is energized, the parking oil port S is opened, and high-pressure oil enters the parking brake 6 to release the brake.

[0029] In a further solution, a low-pressure alarm switch 9 is installed at the oil outlet end of the filling oil port A of the brake diverter valve 2, which is used to detect the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 7. When it is detected that the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 7 is lower than the set value, an alarm is issued.

[0030] In a further embodiment, the oil inlet and outlet of the manual pump 10 are respectively equipped with a one-way valve 10-1 and a two-way valve 10-2. Specifically, the oil inlet of the manual pump 10 is connected to the oil tank 13 via the two-way valve 10-2, and the oil outlet of the manual pump 10 is equipped with a one-way valve 10-1. When the manual pump 10 is in operation, the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 13 enters the manual pump 10 through the two-way valve 10-2, and then enters the accumulator 7 and the brake valve 4 through the one-way valve 10-1.

[0031] To reduce impurities in the oil, the oil inlet of the oil pump 1 is connected to the oil tank 13 through the second oil suction filter 14, and the oil inlet of the manual pump 10 is connected to the oil tank 13 through the first oil suction filter 12. A breather 11 is installed in the oil tank 13 to ensure the balance of air pressure inside and outside the oil tank 13 and the cleanliness of the air inside the oil tank.

[0032] The working process of the wet brake system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0033] In the initial state, the oil inlet P of the brake diverter valve 2 is connected to the filling port A. The hydraulic oil discharged by the oil pump 1 flows through the oil inlet P and the filling port A of the brake diverter valve 2 to the accumulator 7, where the hydraulic oil is stored. At this time, the oil inlet P of the brake valve 4 is connected to the brake oil port B. The hydraulic oil enters the service brake 1 5-1 and the service brake 2 5-2 through the brake valve 4. The service brake is released, and the vehicle can be driven.

[0034] When the valve core of the brake valve 4 moves and its oil inlet P is connected to the oil return port T, the high-pressure oil in the accumulator 7 cannot enter the service brake 1 5-1 and the service brake 2 5-2 through the brake valve 4, and the vehicle is braked.

[0035] When the parking brake 6 is working, the operating handle energizes the brake solenoid valve, thereby opening the parking oil port S of the brake diverter valve 2, and high-pressure oil enters the parking brake 6 to release the brake.

[0036] When the pressure in accumulator 7 reaches the pressure set by brake diverter valve 2, the oil inlet P and flushing port O of brake diverter valve 2 are connected. The hydraulic oil discharged by oil pump 1 enters radiator 3 through the oil inlet P and flushing port O of brake diverter valve 2 for cooling. The cooled hydraulic oil then enters the cooling oil inlet circuit of drive axle 5 to reduce the heat generated by the prolonged friction of the service brakes during braking, and finally flows back to the fuel tank 13. When the oil inlet pressure of the cooling oil circuit of drive axle 5 exceeds the opening pressure set by pressure-limiting valve 8, pressure-limiting valve 8 opens, and the hydraulic oil discharged by oil pump 1 flows back to the fuel tank 13 after passing through pressure-limiting valve 8.

[0037] When a vehicle malfunctions, meaning that oil pump 1 fails to function properly, the hydraulic oil in accumulator 7 cannot be replenished, causing its pressure to drop. This means that the high-pressure oil entering service brake 1 5-1, service brake 2 5-2, and parking brake 6 is unable to balance the spring forces of their respective high-pressure springs, rendering the vehicle braked and immobile. At this point, manual pump 10 is activated, drawing hydraulic oil from tank 13 through suction filter 2 12 to supply accumulator 7. This oil is also simultaneously supplied to service brake 1 5-1, service brake 2 5-2, and parking brake 6. The hydraulic oil pressure is sufficient to balance the spring forces of their respective high-pressure springs, releasing the vehicle's brakes and allowing it to be moved.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A wet brake system for emergency brake release, comprising a service brake and a parking brake (6) connected to an oil pump (1) via a brake diverter valve (2), characterized in that: The filling oil port of the brake diverter valve (2) is connected to the oil inlet of the accumulator (7) and the brake valve (4) respectively, and the brake oil port of the brake valve (4) is connected to the oil inlet of the service brake; the brake valve (4) controls the on-off of its oil circuit through the pedal; when the pedal is stepped on, the return oil port of the brake valve (4) is opened, and high-pressure oil is added to the oil tank (13); when the pedal is released, the brake oil port of the brake valve (4) is opened, and high-pressure oil enters the service brake to release the brake; It also includes a manual pump (10) connected to the oil tank (13), and the oil outlet of the manual pump (10) is respectively connected to the oil inlet of the accumulator (7) and the brake valve (4).

2. The wet brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The service brake comprises a service brake 1 (5-1) and a service brake 2 (5-2) installed at both ends of a drive axle (5) near the wheel axle; a cooling oil circuit is provided inside the drive axle (5); the flushing oil port of the brake diverter valve (2) is connected to the oil inlet end of the cooling oil circuit through a radiator (3), and the oil outlet end of the cooling oil circuit is connected to an oil tank (13).

3. The wet brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil inlet end of the cooling oil circuit is connected to the oil tank (13) via a pressure limiting valve (8) for limiting the oil pressure of the cooling oil circuit.

4. The wet brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parking oil port of the brake diverter valve (2) is connected to the parking brake (6) through a brake solenoid valve. When the brake solenoid valve is energized, the parking oil port is opened, and high-pressure oil enters the parking brake (6) to release the brake.

5. The wet brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-pressure alarm switch (9) is installed at the oil outlet end of the oil filling port of the brake diverter valve (2) for detecting the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the accumulator (7).

6. The wet brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet and outlet of the manual pump (10) are respectively equipped with a one-way valve 1 (10-1) and a one-way valve 2 (10-2).

7. The wet brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil inlet of the oil pump (1) is connected to the oil tank (13) through the second oil suction filter (14), and the oil inlet of the manual pump (10) is connected to the oil tank (13) through the first oil suction filter (12). A respirator (11) is installed in the oil tank (13).

Images