Battery shell, battery, battery pack and electric equipment
By using an elastic material cover to fill the gap in the cylinder and release pressure under abnormal conditions, the problems of high battery welding difficulty and the need for a pressure relief valve are solved, achieving low-cost and efficient battery sealing and safety protection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421817545.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-29
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the welding requirements for the battery cylinder and the cover are high, the processing is difficult, and an additional pressure relief valve needs to be provided to prevent the battery from bursting under abnormal conditions, which increases the cost and process complexity.
The cover plate is made of elastic material and fills the gap in the inner wall of the cylinder through elastic deformation to achieve sealing, and relieves pressure under abnormal conditions, eliminating the need for an additional pressure relief valve.
The processing difficulty and cost of the cylinder and cover are reduced, the sealing and safety of the battery are improved, the process flow is simplified, and safety protection is achieved without the need for an additional pressure relief valve.
Smart Images
Figure CN223321351U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a battery casing, a battery, a battery pack, and an electrical device. Background Art
[0002] In related technologies, the two ports of the battery cylinder are mostly sealed with metal covers corresponding to the cylinder contour, and welding is performed at the edges where the cylinder port and the cover are connected. This assembly method has relatively high requirements on the dimensions of the cylinder and the cover, and the processing technology is relatively difficult. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery housing, a battery, a battery pack and an electrical device to at least partially solve the problems existing in the related art.
[0004] The first object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery housing, comprising a cylinder and a cover plate, wherein an opening is formed at the end of the cylinder, and the cover plate is arranged at the opening, wherein the cover plate is made of an elastic material and can abut against the inner wall surface of the cylinder under the action of elastic force.
[0005] Optionally, a first matching structure is formed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and a second matching structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate. The first matching structure and the second matching structure are configured to limit the movement of the cover plate in the cylinder.
[0006] Optionally, a first mating structure is formed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the first mating structure is a protrusion extending toward the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate, the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate is a flat surface, and the protrusion is configured to be able to squeeze the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate when installed with the cover plate.
[0007] Optionally, the barrel is configured as a cylinder, and the diameter of the cover plate is equal to the inner diameter of the barrel.
[0008] Optionally, a bending portion is formed at the end of the cylinder, and the bending portion extends radially inwardly along the cylinder.
[0009] Optionally, a ratio A / B of a maximum dimension A of the second matching structure in the thickness direction of the cover plate to a thickness B of the cover plate is 0.2-0.8.
[0010] Optionally, the battery housing further includes a pole, a mounting hole is provided on the cover plate, and the pole passes through the cover plate and is fixedly connected to the mounting hole.
[0011] A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery, comprising a battery cell and the battery casing described in any one of the above, wherein the battery cell is accommodated in the barrel.
[0012] A third object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack comprising the battery described above.
[0013] The fourth object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrical device comprising the battery pack described above.
[0014] Through the above technical solution, the battery shell provided by the present invention has a cover plate made of an elastic material. The cover plate made of an elastic material can deform to change its own size when squeezed. When the cover plate is embedded in the opening, the cover plate deforms due to its own elasticity, filling the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate and the inner wall surface of the cylinder, thereby ensuring the sealing of the battery. In this way, the size requirements for the cylinder and the cover plate will be relatively low, reducing the difficulty of the processing technology required for the cylinder and the cover plate, saving processes such as cover plate welding, and saving manpower and material costs. In addition, since the cover plate is made of an elastic material, the cover plate can also realize the function of a pressure relief valve. When the internal pressure of the battery rises sharply under abnormal conditions, the cover plate will gradually deform and eventually separate from the cylinder, acting as a pressure relief valve, thereby protecting the safety of the battery and the use environment. There is no need to provide an additional pressure relief valve on the battery shell.
[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery housing provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery provided in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A;
[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cover plate provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0021] Description of Reference Numerals
[0022] 1-cylinder, 11-first matching structure, 12-bending portion, 2-cover plate, 21-second matching structure, 22-mounting hole, 3-battery cell, 4-pole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.
[0024] In this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, directional terms generally refer to the orientation of the relevant components in actual use. "Inside" and "outside" can refer to the inside and outside of the outline of the corresponding component or its location inside or outside the environment, depending on the specific context. In addition, when the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The terms "first", "second", etc. used in this disclosure are intended to distinguish one element from another and do not have a sense of order or importance.
[0025] Taking cylindrical batteries as an example, generally speaking, the two ports of the battery cylinder 1 are sealed with a metal circular cover 2 corresponding to the outline of the cylinder 1. In order to ensure the sealing effect of the battery, it is necessary to weld the edges where the ports of the cylinder 1 and the cover 2 are connected. However, this places relatively high requirements on the dimensions of the cylinder 1 and the cover 2. Since the metal circular cover 2 and the cylinder 1 are difficult to deform, the processing technology of the cylinder 1 and the cover 2 will also be relatively difficult. It is necessary to ensure that there is no gap between the cylinder 1 and the cover 2 to affect the sealing of the battery, and it is also necessary to ensure that the cylinder 1 and the cover 2 can be connected with each other to ensure the sealing of the battery.
[0026] The battery casing is typically equipped with a pressure relief valve. This is a key safety feature, primarily designed to prevent explosion or rupture when the internal pressure of the battery rises dramatically under abnormal conditions (such as overcharging, overheating, internal short circuits, mechanical damage, etc.), thereby protecting the battery and the environment in which it is used. In the prior art, because the cover plate 2 and the barrel 1 are made of separate metals and welded together, the cover plate 2 and barrel 1 will not separate, regardless of the internal pressure of the battery. Therefore, an additional pressure relief valve is required on the battery casing.
[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present disclosure provides a battery housing, including a cylinder 1 and a cover plate 2, wherein an opening is formed at the end of the cylinder 1, and the cover plate 2 is arranged at the opening, wherein the cover plate 2 is made of elastic material and can abut against the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 under the action of elastic force.
[0028] Through the above technical solution, the battery shell provided by the present disclosure has a cover plate 2 made of an elastic material. The cover plate 2 made of an elastic material can be deformed to change its own size when squeezed. When the cover plate 2 is embedded in the opening, the cover plate 2 is deformed due to its own elasticity, filling the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the sealing of the battery. In this way, the size requirements for the cylinder 1 and the cover plate 2 will be relatively low, reducing the difficulty of the processing technology required for the cylinder 1 and the cover plate 2, saving processes such as welding of the cover plate 2, and saving costs such as manpower and material resources. In addition, since the cover plate 2 is made of an elastic material, the cover plate 2 can also function as a pressure relief valve. When the internal pressure of the battery rises sharply under abnormal conditions, the cover plate 2 will gradually deform and eventually separate the cover plate 2 from the cylinder 1, acting as a pressure relief valve, thereby protecting the battery and the use environment. There is no need to provide an additional pressure relief valve on the battery shell.
[0029] If a gap forms between the outer circumference of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the cover plate 2 can be squeezed. Due to its own elasticity, the cover plate 2 deforms, filling the gap between the outer circumference of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1, thus ensuring the battery's sealing. If the cover plate 2 is too large, making it impossible for the cylinder 1 and the cover plate 2 to dock together, the cover plate 2 can be squeezed to deform it, allowing it to be placed in the opening. At the same time, the elastic force generated by the deformation of the cover plate 2 will ensure that the outer circumference of the cover plate 2 can abut against the inner wall of the cylinder 1.
[0030] Furthermore, the cover plate 2 and / or the barrel 1 can be made of an insulating material. Taking the cover plate 2 as an example, the cover plate 2 is made of an elastic insulating material. The cover plate 2 and / or the barrel 1 are made of an insulating material so that the terminal mounted on the cover plate 2 is not electrically connected to the barrel 1, thereby making the barrel 1 uncharged and improving the safety of the battery.
[0031] In some embodiments, a first matching structure 11 may be formed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1, and a second matching structure 21 may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2. The first matching structure 11 and the second matching structure 21 are configured to limit the movement of the cover plate 2 in the cylinder 1. The movement of the cover plate 2 in the cylinder 1 has two directions: one is the movement of the cover plate 2 toward the direction of separation from the cylinder 1, and the other is the movement of the cover plate 2 toward the inside of the cylinder 1. For details, please refer to Figure 2 ,by Figure 2Taking the direction of the drawing as an example, the cover plate 2 located at the upper end of the battery can move upward, that is, the cover plate 2 moves in the direction of separating from the cylinder 1, and can also move downward, that is, the cover plate 2 moves toward the inside of the cylinder 1. The first matching structure 11 can squeeze the second matching structure 21, so that the first matching structure 11 can limit the movement of the cover plate 2 in the cylinder 1, limit the movement of the cover plate 2 in the direction of separating from the cylinder 1 and the movement of the cover plate 2 toward the inside of the cylinder 1, and ensure the stability of the cover plate 2. When the first matching structure 11 squeezes the second matching structure 21, the friction between the first matching structure 11 and the second matching structure 21 can be increased, making the cover plate 2 more stable and preventing the cover plate 2 from moving in the cylinder 1. At the same time, when the first matching structure 11 squeezes the second matching structure 21, the deformation of the second matching structure 21 drives the rest of the cover plate 2 to deform as well. The matching relationship between the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 forms an interference fit, which ensures that the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 can be pressed against the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the sealing of the battery. At the same time, the first matching structure 11 and the second matching structure 21 can also play a positioning role to ensure the installation position of the cover plate 2. In the present disclosure, the shape and structure of the first matching structure 11 and the second matching structure 21 are not specifically limited, as long as the first matching structure 11 and the second matching structure 21 can be configured to limit the movement of the cover plate 2 in the cylinder 1. Figures 1 to 4 ,exist Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the first matching structure 11 may be a protrusion, and the second matching structure 21 may be a groove that can be squeezed by the protrusion. In other embodiments, the first matching structure 11 may also be a groove, and the second matching structure 21 may be a protrusion that can be squeezed by the groove. Figures 1 to 4 In the embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes of the protrusion and the groove are semicircular respectively. In addition, the cross-sectional shapes of the protrusion and the groove can also be other shapes such as a parallelogram.
[0032] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 4 ,exist Figures 1 to 4 In the embodiment, the protrusions are arranged along the circumference of the cylinder 1 and around the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the grooves are arranged along the circumference of the cover plate 2 and around the outer circumference of the cover plate 2. In this way, the protrusions can squeeze the second matching structure 21 as much as possible to deform the cover plate 2, and the outer circumference of the cover plate 2 can press against the inner wall of the cylinder 1 as much as possible, ensuring the sealing of the battery.
[0033] In some other embodiments, the first matching structure 11 may be formed only on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1, and the first matching structure 11 is a protrusion extending toward the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2. The outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 is a flat surface, and the protrusion is configured to be able to squeeze the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 when it is installed with the cover plate 2. In this way, the protrusion can directly squeeze the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2. Under the squeezing of the first matching structure 11, the cover plate 2 will deform to change its own size, so that the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 abuts against the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1. In this embodiment, the cover plate 2 can be first embedded in the opening of the cylinder 1. When the installation position of the cover plate 2 is fixed, the protrusion is processed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 by squeezing the outer wall surface of the cylinder 1. In this way, during the process of the protrusion being processed, the cover plate 2 will continue to deform, so that the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 gradually become tighter.
[0034] In some embodiments, the cylinder 1 can be constructed as a cylinder, and the diameter of the cover plate 2 can be equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 1. Figure 2 In this way, while ensuring the sealing of the battery, the cover plate 2 can be easily set at the opening of the cylinder 1, and the flatness and service life of the cover plate 2 can be guaranteed. Under the action of the above-mentioned matching structure, when the diameter of the cover plate 2 is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder 1, the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 can also form an interference fit with the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 to ensure the sealing of the battery. If the diameter of the cover plate 2 is further larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder 1, the cover plate 2 and the cylinder 1 have already formed an interference fit. The interference between the cover plate 2 and the cylinder 1 is increased by the action of the above-mentioned matching structure. Excessive interference may destroy the flatness of the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2, resulting in poor sealing. At the same time, excessive interference will also increase the stress concentration of the cover plate 2, which is prone to fatigue cracks under long-term action, reducing the service life of the cover plate 2.
[0035] The end of the cylinder 1 may be formed with a bent portion 12, which extends radially inwardly along the cylinder 1. The bent portion 12 can limit the cover 2 to prevent the cover 2 from falling out of the cylinder 1 during normal use, causing battery failure. In order to ensure that the cover 2 can function as a pressure relief valve, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The bent portion 12 can be set at the edge of the end of the cylinder 1, so that the bent portion 12 will not limit the deformation of the cover 2. When the interior of the battery is under abnormal conditions and the deformation degree of the cover 2 is high, the cover 2 will still be separated from the cylinder 1.
[0036] The ratio A / B of the maximum dimension A of the second matching structure 21 in the thickness direction of the cover plate 2 to the thickness B of the cover plate 2 is 0.2-0.8. Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,by Figure 4 As an example, Figure 4 The up and down direction is the thickness direction of the cover plate 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the second matching structure 21 is a depression formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2, and the interface of the depression is semicircular. Figure 4 With reference to the drawing direction of , the recess has two horizontal and parallel edges. The distance between the two edges in the thickness direction of the cover plate 2 is the maximum dimension A of the second matching structure 21 in the thickness direction of the cover plate 2. If the ratio of the maximum dimension of the second matching structure 21 to the thickness of the cover plate 2 in the thickness direction of the cover plate 2 is too small, the deformation of the cover plate 2 will be insufficient, affecting the sealing of the battery. If the ratio of the maximum dimension of the second matching structure 21 to the thickness of the cover plate 2 in the thickness direction of the cover plate 2 is too large, the contact area between the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 2 and the inner wall surface of the cylinder 1 will be too small, which will also affect the sealing of the battery.
[0037] The cover plate 2 can be made of a rubber-like elastic polymer material. For example, it can be an insulating rubber-like material such as silicone, nitrile rubber, chloronitrile rubber, or a mixed rubber. While ensuring sufficient elasticity to ensure extrusion and deformation, most rubber-like elastic polymer materials have a density of approximately 0.9 to 1.8 grams per cubic centimeter, which is much lower than the density of the metal cover plate 2. Therefore, compared with the metal cover plate 2 in the prior art, the weight of the same size is reduced, making the battery more lightweight.
[0038] The battery housing may further include a pole 4, a mounting hole 22 is provided on the cover plate 2, and the pole 4 passes through the cover plate 2 and is fixedly connected to the mounting hole 22. Figure 2 and Figure 4 , at this time, one end of the pole 4 can be exposed on the side of the cover plate 2 close to the cylinder 1, and the other end can be exposed on the side of the cover plate 2 away from the cylinder 1. In some embodiments, the pole 4 and the mounting hole 22 can be bonded together by an adhesive, so that the pole 4 passes through the cover plate 2 and is fixed, ensuring the sealing between the pole 4 and the mounting hole 22. In other embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the pole 4 and the inner wall surface of the mounting hole 22 can be an interference fit. The pole 4 can be directly fixed when passing through the cover plate 2, and the sealing between the pole 4 and the mounting hole 22 can also be ensured. The pole 4 serves as a current path and can be made of metal material to ensure the smooth passage of current. As mentioned above, the cover plate 2 can be made of elastic insulating material. When current passes through the pole 4 of the insulating cover plate 2, the current on the pole 4 will not flow through the cover plate 2 to the cylinder 1, ensuring that the cylinder 1 is always in an uncharged state and ensuring the safety of the battery.
[0039] The end of the pole 4 exposed on the side of the cover 2 close to the cylinder 1 is used to electrically connect to the battery cell 3 installed in the cylinder 1, and the end of the pole 4 exposed on the side of the cover 2 away from the cylinder 1 is used to electrically connect to the external circuit.
[0040] The second object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery, comprising a battery cell 3 and a battery housing according to any one of the above embodiments, and having all the beneficial effects thereof, which will not be described in detail here.
[0041] The third object of the present disclosure is to provide a battery pack including the above-mentioned battery and having all its beneficial effects, which will not be described in detail here.
[0042] The fourth object of the present disclosure is to provide an electrical device including the above-mentioned battery pack and having all its beneficial effects, which will not be repeated here.
[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0044] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.
[0045] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A battery casing, characterized in that: It includes a cylinder and a cover plate, an opening is formed at the end of the cylinder, and the cover plate is arranged at the opening, wherein the cover plate is made of elastic material and can abut against the inner wall surface of the cylinder under the action of elastic force, a first matching structure is formed on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and a second matching structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate, the first matching structure and the second matching structure are configured to limit the movement of the cover plate in the cylinder, wherein the ratio A / B of the maximum dimension A of the second matching structure in the thickness direction of the cover plate to the thickness B of the cover plate is 0.2-0.
8.
2. The battery housing according to claim 1, wherein: The cylinder is configured as a cylinder, and the diameter of the cover plate is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder.
3. The battery housing according to claim 1, wherein: A bending portion is formed at the end of the cylinder, and the bending portion extends inwardly along the radial direction of the cylinder.
4. The battery housing according to claim 1, wherein: The battery housing further includes a pole, a mounting hole is provided on the cover plate, and the pole passes through the cover plate and is fixedly connected to the mounting hole.
5. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery core and a battery casing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the battery core is accommodated in the barrel.
6. A battery pack, characterized in that: The invention comprises the battery as claimed in claim 5.
7. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery pack according to claim 6 is included.