Power supply control circuit, controller and electric equipment
By using a control module constructed with NPN transistors and PMOS tubes, combined with a general-purpose MCU, the problems of high power consumption and high cost of lithium battery packs when supplying power are solved, achieving a balance between low power consumption, low cost and communication functions, and improving the stability of the battery pack.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422019869.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing lithium battery packs cannot achieve low power consumption, low cost, and communication capabilities when powering motor controllers.
The control module is constructed with NPN transistors, PMOS transistors and a control MCU, and is combined with a general MCU to realize the communication function, eliminating the dedicated MCU and signal lines, and using the conduction and cutoff of the NPN transistors and PMOS transistors to control the power supply and achieve low power consumption.
While having communication functions, it reduces costs and power consumption and improves the stability of the battery pack.
Smart Images
Figure CN223321795U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply control circuits, in particular to a power supply control circuit, a controller and an electric device. Background Art
[0002] Lithium battery packs are favored by industries such as 3C digital and power tools due to their high energy density, environmental protection, long life and fast charging.
[0003] When powering the motor controller, lithium battery packs can be divided into two types: pure hardware power supply and dedicated chip control power supply. When using pure hardware power supply, the battery pack has a weak battery life and does not have communication functions. When using a dedicated chip control power supply, although it has communication functions, the microcontroller unit (MCU) chip dedicated to battery management is expensive and requires a separate signal line to provide signals. In addition, both types of lithium battery packs have the problem of high power consumption. Utility Model Content
[0004] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the lithium battery pack cannot take into account low power consumption, low cost and communication function when powering the motor controller, and provide a power supply control circuit, controller and electrical equipment, which have low cost, low power consumption and high stability while having communication function.
[0005] In a first aspect, to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a power supply control circuit, comprising:
[0006] A power supply module, comprising a battery pack and a universal MCU; the battery pack comprising a first positive power supply terminal and a first negative power supply terminal; the universal MCU comprising a first transmitting terminal and a first receiving terminal;
[0007] The control module includes a second power supply positive terminal, a second power supply negative terminal, a control MCU, an NPN transistor, and a PMOS transistor; the control MCU includes a second transmitting terminal, a second receiving terminal, a power supply terminal, and a switch pin;
[0008] Among them, the positive end of the first power supply is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, the negative end of the first power supply and the negative end of the second power supply are both connected and grounded, the first transmitting end is connected to the second receiving end, the first receiving end is connected to the second transmitting end, the base of the NPN transistor is connected to the second receiving end, the base of the NPN transistor is also connected to the switch pin, the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube, the source of the PMOS tube is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, and the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power supply end.
[0009] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the control module also includes a capacitor and a first resistor; the first end of the capacitor is grounded, the second end of the capacitor is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second receiving end, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected to the switch pin.
[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a first diode; an anode of the first diode is connected to the second receiving end, and a cathode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the first resistor.
[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a second diode; the anode of the second diode is connected to the switch pin, and the cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode.
[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module further includes a second resistor, a first end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.
[0013] In one embodiment of the present utility model, the control module also includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the first end of the third resistor is connected to the source of the PMOS tube, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube; the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor.
[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a fifth resistor is further included, and the fifth resistor is connected between the first transmitting end and the second receiving end.
[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, a sixth resistor is further included, and the sixth resistor is connected between the first receiving end and the second transmitting end.
[0016] In a second aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention further provides a controller, comprising the above-mentioned power supply control circuit.
[0017] On the third aspect, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned controller.
[0018] The above technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:
[0019] The utility model provides a power supply control circuit, a controller and an electrical device. The control module constructed with an NPN transistor, a PMOS transistor and a control MCU can be combined with a general MCU to realize the communication function. The power supply module does not need to use a dedicated battery management MCU and does not need to use signal lines. While having the communication function, it has low cost, low power consumption and high stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] Figure 1 It is a principle diagram of a power supply control circuit in a preferred embodiment of the utility model.
[0022] Description of the accompanying drawings:
[0023] P1+ first power supply positive terminal; P1- first power supply negative terminal;
[0024] P2+ second power supply positive terminal; P2- second power supply negative terminal;
[0025] TXD1 first transmitting end; RXD1 first receiving end;
[0026] TXD2 second transmitting end; RXD2 second receiving end;
[0027] PP+ power supply terminal; ON / OFF switch pin; GND ground;
[0028] Q1: NPN transistor; Q2: PMOS transistor;
[0029] D1 is the first diode; D2 is the second diode; C1 is the capacitor;
[0030] R1 is the first resistor; R2 is the second resistor; R3 is the third resistor; R4 is the fourth resistor; R5 is the fifth resistor; and R6 is the sixth resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0032] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can mean mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can mean direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0033] In addition, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. in this application are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features.
[0034] When powering motor controllers, lithium-ion battery packs can be categorized as either pure hardware-powered or powered by a dedicated chip. Pure hardware-powered packs have limited battery life and lack communication capabilities. While dedicated chip-powered packs have communication capabilities, the battery management MCU is expensive and requires separate signal lines. Furthermore, both types of lithium-ion battery packs suffer from high power consumption.
[0035] To this end, embodiments of the present application provide a power supply control circuit, a controller, and an electrical device.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] This embodiment provides a power supply control circuit, including:
[0038] A power supply module, comprising a battery pack and a universal MCU; the battery pack comprising a first positive power supply terminal and a first negative power supply terminal; the universal MCU comprising a first transmitting terminal and a first receiving terminal;
[0039] The control module includes a second power supply positive terminal, a second power supply negative terminal, a control MCU, an NPN transistor, and a PMOS transistor; the control MCU includes a second transmitting terminal, a second receiving terminal, a power supply terminal, and a switch pin;
[0040] Among them, the positive end of the first power supply is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, the negative end of the first power supply and the negative end of the second power supply are both connected and grounded, the first transmitting end is connected to the second receiving end, the first receiving end is connected to the second transmitting end, the base of the NPN transistor is connected to the second receiving end, the base of the NPN transistor is also connected to the switch pin, the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube, the source of the PMOS tube is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, and the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power supply end.
[0041] The present embodiment provides a power supply control circuit, which (1) uses an NPN transistor, a PMOS transistor, and a control MCU to construct a control module. When the second receiving end no longer receives data, the NPN transistor is turned off, the PMOS transistor is turned off, and the power supply end of the control MCU is turned off, thereby realizing a low power consumption function; (2) the power supply module can use a general MCU to realize the communication function, without using a dedicated MCU for battery management and without using signal lines, and thus has a low cost; (3) the circuit structure is simple and the stability is high.
[0042] Next, a power supply control circuit provided in this embodiment is described in detail:
[0043] 1. Power supply module
[0044] Specifically, the power supply module includes the battery pack and the universal MCU;
[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the battery pack includes a first positive power terminal P1+ and a first negative power terminal P1-; the universal MCU includes a first transmitting terminal TXD1 and a first receiving terminal RXD1.
[0046] 2. Control Module
[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the control module includes a second power positive terminal P2+, a second power negative terminal P2-, a control MCU, an NPN transistor Q1 and a PMOS tube Q2; the control MCU includes a second transmitting terminal TXD2, a second receiving terminal RXD2, a power supply terminal PP+, and a switch pin ON / OFF.
[0048] Specifically, the second power supply positive terminal P2+ is connected to the first power supply positive terminal P1+, the second power supply negative terminal P2- and the first power supply negative terminal P1- are both connected and grounded, the second receiving terminal RXD2 is connected to the first transmitting terminal TXD1, the second transmitting terminal TXD2 is connected to the first receiving terminal RXD1, the base of the NPN transistor Q1 is connected to the second receiving terminal RXD2, the base of the NPN transistor Q1 is also connected to the switch pin ON / OFF, the emitter of the NPN transistor Q1 is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor Q1 is connected to the gate of the PMOS transistor Q2, the source of the PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the second power supply positive terminal P2+, and the drain of the PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to the power supply terminal PP+.
[0049] Optionally, the control module also includes a capacitor C1 and a first resistor R1; the first end of the capacitor C1 is grounded, the second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor Q1, the first end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the second receiving end RXD2, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is also connected to the switch pin ON / OFF.
[0050] Specifically, the capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 form a first-order low-pass filter, which can filter out interference signals received from the second receiving end RXD2.
[0051] Furthermore, the control module further includes a first diode D1; an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second receiving end RXD2, and a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second end of the first resistor R1.
[0052] Specifically, the first diode D1 has an anti-backflow function, which can prevent the residual charge of the capacitor C1 from entering the second receiving end RXD2.
[0053] Furthermore, the control module further includes a second diode D2; an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the switch pin ON / OFF, and a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1.
[0054] Specifically, the second diode D2 has an anti-backflow function, which can prevent the residual charge of the capacitor C1 from entering the switch pin ON / OFF, and prevent the high-level signal from the second receiving end RXD2 from entering the switch pin ON / OFF.
[0055] Optionally, the control module further includes a second resistor R2, a first end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the base of the NPN transistor Q1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded.
[0056] Specifically, the second resistor R2 ensures that the base-emitter voltage difference of the NPN transistor Q1 is not less than its turn-on voltage in the initial state, thereby ensuring that the NPN transistor Q1 will not be turned on accidentally.
[0057] Optionally, the control module also includes a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; the first end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the source of the PMOS tube Q2, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube Q2; the first end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the second end of the third resistor R3, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor Q1.
[0058] Specifically, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are voltage-dividing resistors, so that the gate-source voltage Vgs of the PMOS transistor Q2 does not exceed the parameters in the specification of the MOS transistor, thereby preventing the PMOS transistor Q2 from being abnormally damaged.
[0059] 3. Protection components
[0060] Optionally, the power supply control circuit described in this embodiment further includes a fifth resistor R5, and the fifth resistor R5 is connected between the first transmitting end TXD1 and the second receiving end RXD2.
[0061] Specifically, the fifth resistor R5 can protect the first transmitting end TXD1 and the second receiving end RXD2 from being damaged by an unexpected overvoltage or current breakdown during communication.
[0062] Optionally, the power supply control circuit described in this embodiment further includes a sixth resistor R6, and the sixth resistor R6 is connected between the first receiving end RXD1 and the second transmitting end TXD2.
[0063] Specifically, the sixth resistor R6 can protect the first receiving end RXD1 and the second transmitting end TXD2 from being damaged by an unexpected overvoltage or current breakdown during communication.
[0064] 4. Working Principle
[0065] Specifically, the battery pack supplies power to the control module through the first power positive terminal P1+ and the first power negative terminal P1-.
[0066] Specifically, when the first transmitting terminal TXD1 of the universal MCU sends a high-level signal, the second receiving terminal RXD2 of the control MCU receives the high-level signal, the base of the NPN transistor Q1 receives the high-level signal from the second receiving terminal RXD2, the NPN transistor Q1 is turned on, the PMOS tube Q2 is turned on, and the power supply terminal PP+ of the control MCU is powered. After being powered, the control MCU processes the data received by the second receiving terminal RXD2, and sends the data to the first receiving terminal RXD1 of the universal MCU through the second transmitting terminal TXD2.
[0067] Specifically, after the control MCU is powered, its switch pin ON / OFF outputs a high-level signal. The base of the NPN transistor Q1 continuously receives the high-level signal from the switch pin ON / OFF, and the NPN transistor Q1 and the PMOS transistor Q2 remain on. At this point, even if the first transmitting terminal TXD1 of the universal MCU sends a low-level signal, it will not affect the conduction of the NPN transistor Q1.
[0068] Specifically, when the first transmitting terminal TXD1 of the general MCU does not send data, the switch pin ON / OFF of the control MCU outputs a low-level signal, the NPN transistor Q1 is turned off, the PMOS tube Q2 is turned off, and the power supply terminal PP+ of the control MCU is no longer powered. The power supply control circuit described in this embodiment enters a low-power mode to achieve a low-power function.
[0069] Example 2
[0070] This embodiment provides a controller, including a power supply control circuit as described in the first embodiment.
[0071] For an introduction to a controller provided in this embodiment, please refer to the first embodiment, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.
[0072] The controller provided in this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned power supply control circuit.
[0073] Example 3
[0074] This embodiment provides an electrical device, including a controller as described in the second embodiment.
[0075] For an introduction to an electrical device provided in this embodiment, please refer to Example 1, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.
[0076] The electrical equipment provided in this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned power supply control circuit.
[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power supply control circuit, characterized in that: include: A power supply module, comprising a battery pack and a universal MCU; the battery pack comprising a first positive power supply terminal and a first negative power supply terminal; the universal MCU comprising a first transmitting terminal and a first receiving terminal; The control module includes a second power supply positive terminal, a second power supply negative terminal, a control MCU, an NPN transistor, and a PMOS transistor; the control MCU includes a second transmitting terminal, a second receiving terminal, a power supply terminal, and a switch pin; Among them, the positive end of the first power supply is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, the negative end of the first power supply and the negative end of the second power supply are both connected and grounded, the first transmitting end is connected to the second receiving end, the first receiving end is connected to the second transmitting end, the base of the NPN transistor is connected to the second receiving end, the base of the NPN transistor is also connected to the switch pin, the emitter of the NPN transistor is grounded, the collector of the NPN transistor is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube, the source of the PMOS tube is connected to the positive end of the second power supply, and the drain of the PMOS tube is connected to the power supply end.
2. A power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module also includes a capacitor and a first resistor; the first end of the capacitor is grounded, the second end of the capacitor is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, the first end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the capacitor, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the second receiving end, and the second end of the first resistor is also connected to the switch pin.
3. A power supply control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module further includes a first diode; an anode of the first diode is connected to the second receiving end, and a cathode of the first diode is connected to the second end of the first resistor.
4. A power supply control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module further includes a second diode; an anode of the second diode is connected to the switch pin, and a cathode of the second diode is connected to the cathode of the first diode.
5. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module further includes a second resistor, a first end of the second resistor is connected to the base of the NPN transistor, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.
6. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module also includes a third resistor and a fourth resistor; the first end of the third resistor is connected to the source of the PMOS tube, and the second end of the third resistor is connected to the gate of the PMOS tube; the first end of the fourth resistor is connected to the second end of the third resistor, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the collector of the NPN transistor.
7. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a fifth resistor connected between the first transmitting end and the second receiving end.
8. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further includes a sixth resistor connected between the first receiving end and the second transmitting end.
9. A controller, characterized in that: The invention comprises a power supply control circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising a controller as claimed in claim 9.