Charger activation circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a charger activation circuit, which comprises a charger output end, a control chip, and an output control relay loop unit, a battery voltage sampling circuit unit, an activation circuit unit, a battery in-place detection loop unit and a control chip which are all connected with the control chip, the output control relay loop unit and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit are both connected with a battery end, the output control relay loop unit is further connected with a charger output end, the control chip is connected with a + 5V power supply end, and the output control relay loop unit comprises a relay, an ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, a triode Q5, a resistor R10, a resistor R1, a resistor R2 and a triode Q3. The activation circuit unit comprises a resistor R17 connected with the control chip, a rectifying and filtering loop connected with the resistor R17 and a battery loop connected with the resistor R17, the rectifying and filtering loop is further connected with the control chip, and the battery loop is connected with the battery end.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery charging, in particular to a charger activation circuit. Background technology:

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, lithium batteries are increasingly used, and battery voltages are rising, from 12V and 24V to 48V, 60V, and even 72V. As voltages continue to rise, so too do the risks to humans. Safety standards stipulate that voltages above 36V are dangerous to human touch. Therefore, battery voltages must be 0V when not in use, and only output voltage when connected to a device or charger. At this point, the charger must be able to identify the battery and activate charging.

[0003] However, most current chargers do not have voltage identification signals, so it is impossible to activate the battery management system after undervoltage shutdown without a voltage identification signal, making battery activation more difficult.

[0004] In view of this, the inventors propose the following technical solutions. Utility model content:

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a charger activation circuit.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: the charger activation circuit includes a charger output terminal, a control chip, and an output control relay circuit unit connected to the control chip, a battery voltage sampling circuit unit, an activation circuit unit, a battery presence detection circuit unit, and a control chip. The output control relay circuit unit and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit are both connected to the battery terminal. The output control relay circuit unit is also connected to the charger output terminal, and the control chip is connected to the +5V power supply terminal. The output control relay circuit unit includes a relay, an ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, a transistor Q5, a resistor R10, a resistor R1, and a resistor R2. , transistor Q3, wherein the two poles of the normally open switch in the relay are respectively connected to the charger output end and the battery end; the E pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, the C pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R10 and then connected to the battery end, the B pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R2 and then connected to the C pole of the transistor Q3, the E pole of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and the B pole of the transistor Q3 is connected to the control chip; the activation circuit unit includes a resistor R17 connected to the control chip, a rectifier filter circuit connected to the resistor R17, and a battery circuit connected to the resistor R17, the rectifier filter circuit is also connected to the control chip, and the battery circuit is connected to the battery end.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the rectifier and filter circuit includes a diode D3 and a diode D4, a resistor R19 and a capacitor C9, the anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, and the cathode and anode of the diode D3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the resistor R17, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the control chip, the cathode of the diode D4 is also connected to the capacitor C9 and then grounded, and the two ends of the resistor R19 are respectively connected to the two ends of the capacitor C9.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the battery circuit includes a capacitor C6 and a resistor R16 connected in series, the capacitor C6 is connected to the resistor R17, and the resistor R16 is connected to the battery terminal.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the battery presence detection circuit unit includes a transistor Q2, a resistor R3, a diode D2, and a capacitor C40. The E pole of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the coil of the relay and then to the +12V power supply terminal, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is also connected to the diode D2 and then to the +12V power supply terminal, the B pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the control chip, and the resistor R3 and the capacitor C40 are both connected in parallel between the B pole and the E pole of the transistor Q2.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the battery voltage sampling circuit unit includes a resistor R20, a resistor R50, and a resistor R80 connected in series, and a capacitor C20 connected in parallel across the resistor R80. The resistor R20 is connected to the battery terminal, the resistor R80 is grounded, and the connection line between the resistor R50 and the resistor R80 is connected to the control chip.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the battery terminal is further connected to a fuse F1, and the fuse F1 is connected to one pole of the normally open switch in the relay and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the model of the control chip is N76E003.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared to the existing technology: the present invention can completely isolate the harm of high voltage to the human body (the safe voltage for the human body is 36V), achieving a zero voltage output when the charger is unloaded, while not affecting the normal charging of the product. Furthermore, the present invention can activate batteries protected by a lithium battery protection board (some batteries may be under-voltage due to over-discharge at the user end), protecting the battery while not affecting the normal charging of the battery. The present invention can successfully activate batteries with 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, and 72V voltages. Description of the drawings:

[0014] Figure 1 It is a circuit diagram of the present utility model. Specific implementation method:

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0016] See Figure 1 As shown, a charger activation circuit includes a charger output terminal 1, a control chip 2, and an output control relay circuit unit 3, a battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4, an activation circuit unit 5, a battery presence detection circuit unit 6, and a control chip 2, all of which are connected to the control chip 2. The output control relay circuit unit 3 and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 are both connected to the battery terminal 7. The output control relay circuit unit 3 is also connected to the charger output terminal 1, and the control chip 2 is connected to the +5V power supply terminal 101 so that the control chip 2 is powered by the +5V power supply terminal 101. The output control relay circuit unit 3 includes a relay 31, an ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, a transistor Q5, a resistor R10, a resistor R1, and a resistor R2. Resistor R2, transistor Q3, wherein the two poles of the normally open switch 311 in the relay 31 are respectively connected to the charger output terminal 1 and the battery terminal 7; the E pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, the C pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R10 and then connected to the battery terminal 7, the B pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R2 and then connected to the C pole of the transistor Q3, the E pole of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and the B pole of the transistor Q3 is connected to the control chip 2; the activation circuit unit 5 includes a resistor R17 connected to the control chip 2, a rectifier filter circuit 51 connected to the resistor R17, and a battery circuit 52 connected to the resistor R17, the rectifier filter circuit 51 is also connected to the control chip 2, and the battery circuit 52 is connected to the battery terminal 7.

[0017] When the present invention is working, the charger is in standby mode and no battery is connected to the battery terminal 7, the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 does not detect the voltage, the control chip 2 determines that no battery is connected and sends a standby signal, and the relay 31 is not turned on.

[0018] When the battery is connected, three situations occur:

[0019] 1. The control chip 2 cooperates with the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 to detect that the battery has reached the full voltage. The charger does not charge the battery and the relay 31 does not open.

[0020] 2. The control chip 2 cooperates with the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 to detect that the battery is within the specified charging voltage range. The control chip 2 outputs a high level to open the relay 31, and the battery is charged normally.

[0021] 3. The control chip 2 detects that there is no voltage at the battery terminal 7 (for example, the protection board cuts off the battery output after the battery is over-discharged). The battery presence detection circuit unit 6 starts to work. The control chip 2 outputs a 50KHz AC square wave, which passes through the battery return 52 of the activation circuit unit 5 and then forms a loop through the connected battery, pulling down the voltage of the pin connected to the rectifier filter circuit 51 in the control chip 2. The control chip 2 determines that a battery is connected to the battery terminal 7. The control chip 2 outputs a high level to turn on the transistor Q3, and then turns on the transistor Q5. The voltage at the charger output terminal 1 passes through the ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, the transistor Q5, and the resistor R10 to activate the connected battery (i.e., provide an activation voltage). After the battery terminal 7 receives the activation voltage, the MOS will be charged. After the control chip 2 cooperates with the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 to detect that this voltage is within the chargeable range, the control chip 2 outputs a high level to turn on the relay 31, and then the battery is charged normally.

[0022] In other words, the present invention can completely isolate the harmful effects of high voltage on the human body (the safe voltage for the human body is 36V), achieving a zero voltage output when the charger is unloaded, while not affecting the normal charging of the product. Furthermore, the present invention can activate batteries protected by a lithium battery protection board (some batteries may be under-voltage due to over-discharge at the user end), protecting the battery while not affecting normal charging. The present invention can successfully activate batteries with voltages of 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, and 72V.

[0023] The model of the control chip 2 is N76E003.

[0024] The rectifier and filter circuit 51 includes a diode D3 and a diode D4, a resistor R19 and a capacitor C9. The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, and the cathode and anode of the diode D3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the resistor R17. The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the control chip 2. The cathode of the diode D4 is also connected to the capacitor C9 and then grounded. The two ends of the resistor R19 are respectively connected to the two ends of the capacitor C9.

[0025] The battery circuit 52 includes a capacitor C6 and a resistor R16 connected in series. The capacitor C6 is connected to the resistor R17 , and the resistor R16 is connected to the battery terminal 7 .

[0026] The battery presence detection circuit unit 6 includes a transistor Q2, a resistor R3, a diode D2, and a capacitor C40. The E pole of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the coil 312 of the relay 31 and then to the +12V power supply terminal 102. The C pole of the transistor Q2 is also connected to the diode D2 and then to the +12V power supply terminal 102. The B pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the control chip 2. The diode D2 plays a good role. The resistor R3 and the capacitor C40 are both connected in parallel between the B pole and the E pole of the transistor Q2.

[0027] The battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 includes a resistor R20, a resistor R50, and a resistor R80 connected in series, and a capacitor C20 connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R80. The resistor R20 is connected to the battery terminal 7, the resistor R80 is grounded, and the connection line between the resistor R50 and the resistor R80 is connected to the control chip 2.

[0028] The battery terminal 7 is further connected to a fuse F1 , which is connected to one pole of the normally open switch in the relay 31 and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 . The fuse F1 can further improve the safety performance of the circuit and achieve better protection function.

[0029] The working principle of the present utility model is described in more detail below.

[0030] When the utility model is working, the charger is in standby mode and no battery is connected to the battery terminal 7. At this time, the voltage of pin 1 of the control chip 2 is 0; pin 13 of the control chip 2 outputs a 50KHZ square wave with an amplitude of 3.3V and a duty cycle of 40-60%. After being rectified and filtered by diode D4, resistor R19 and capacitor C9, the square wave is connected to pin 20 of the control chip 2. At this time, the voltage of pin 20 of the control chip 2 is close to 3.3V. At this time, the control chip 2 determines that no battery is connected and thus sends a standby signal, and the relay 31 is not opened.

[0031] When the battery is connected, three situations occur:

[0032] 1. Pin 19 of the control chip 2 detects that the battery has reached full voltage through the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4. The charger does not charge the battery and the relay 31 does not open.

[0033] 2. Pin 19 of the control chip 2 detects that the battery is within the specified charging voltage range through the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4. Pin 10 of the control chip 2 outputs a high level to turn on the relay 31, and the battery is charged normally.

[0034] 3. Pin 19 of the control chip 2 detects that there is no voltage at the battery terminal 7 through the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 (for example, the protection board cuts off the battery output after the battery is over-discharged). The battery presence detection circuit unit 6 starts working, and pin 13 of the control chip 2 outputs a 50KHz AC square wave. After activating the capacitor C6 and resistor R16 of the battery return 52 in the circuit unit 5, a loop is formed through the connected battery, which lowers the voltage of the pin (i.e., pin 20) connected to the rectifier filter circuit 51 in the control chip 2. The control chip 2 then determines that a battery is connected to the battery. Terminal 7, pin 12 of the control chip 2 outputs a high level to turn on the transistor Q3, and then turns on the transistor Q5. The voltage at the charger output terminal 1 is activated (i.e., provides an activation voltage) to the connected battery through the ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, transistor Q5, and resistor R10. After the battery terminal 7 receives the activation voltage, the MOS will be charged. After pin 19 of the control chip 2 cooperates with the battery voltage sampling circuit unit 4 to detect that this voltage is within the chargeable range, pin 10 of the control chip 2 outputs a high level to turn on the relay 31, and then the battery is charged normally.

[0035] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the structure, features and principles described in the scope of the patent application of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charger activation circuit, characterized in that: The device comprises a charger output terminal (1), a control chip (2), an output control relay circuit unit (3), a battery voltage sampling circuit unit (4), an activation circuit unit (5), a battery presence detection circuit unit (6), and a control chip (2), all of which are connected to the control chip (2). The output control relay circuit unit (3) and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit (4) are both connected to the battery terminal (7). The output control relay circuit unit (3) is also connected to the charger output terminal (1). The control chip (2) is connected to a +5V power supply terminal (101). The output control relay circuit unit (3) comprises a relay (31), an ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, a transistor Q5, a resistor R10, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a transistor Q3, wherein the two poles of the normally open switch (311) in the relay (31) are respectively connected to the charger output terminal (1) and the battery terminal (7); the E pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the ultra-fast rectifier diode D11, the C pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R10 and then to the battery terminal (7), the B pole of the transistor Q5 is connected to the resistor R2 and then to the C pole of the transistor Q3, the E pole of the transistor Q3 is grounded, and the B pole of the transistor Q3 is connected to the control chip (2); The activation circuit unit (5) comprises a resistor R17 connected to the control chip (2), a rectifier filter circuit (51) connected to the resistor R17, and a battery circuit (52) connected to the resistor R17. The rectifier filter circuit (51) is also connected to the control chip (2), and the battery circuit (52) is connected to the battery terminal (7).

2. A charger activation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectifier filter circuit (51) includes a diode D3 and a diode D4, a resistor R19 and a capacitor C9. The anode of the diode D3 is connected to the anode of the diode D4, and the cathode and anode of the diode D3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the resistor R17. The cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the control chip (2). The cathode of the diode D4 is also connected to the capacitor C9 and then grounded. The two ends of the resistor R19 are respectively connected to the two ends of the capacitor C9.

3. A charger activation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery circuit (52) includes a capacitor C6 and a resistor R16 connected in series, the capacitor C6 is connected to the resistor R17, and the resistor R16 is connected to the battery terminal (7).

4. A charger activation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery presence detection circuit unit (6) comprises a transistor Q2, a resistor R3, a diode D2, and a capacitor C40. The E pole of the transistor Q2 is grounded, the C pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the coil (312) of the relay (31) and then to the +12V power supply terminal (102), the C pole of the transistor Q2 is also connected to the diode D2 and then to the +12V power supply terminal (102), the B pole of the transistor Q2 is connected to the control chip (2), and the resistor R3 and the capacitor C40 are both connected in parallel between the B pole and the E pole of the transistor Q2.

5. A charger activation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery voltage sampling circuit unit (4) includes a resistor R20, a resistor R50, a resistor R80 connected in series, and a capacitor C20 connected in parallel to both ends of the resistor R80, the resistor R20 is connected to the battery terminal (7), the resistor R80 is grounded, and the connection line between the resistor R50 and the resistor R80 is connected to the control chip (2).

6. A charger activation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery terminal (7) is also connected to a fuse F1, which is connected to one pole of the normally open switch in the relay (31) and the battery voltage sampling circuit unit (4).

7. A charger activation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The model of the control chip (2) is N76E003.

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