High-rise escape descent control device

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-rise escape descent control device. The high-rise escape descent control device comprises a fixing plate, a fixing column, a main shaft, a rope winding drum, a rope arranging mechanism, a forced braking mechanism, a centrifugal braking mechanism, a friction mechanism, an oil pipe, a steel wire rope and the like. The fixing plate is installed on a wall, the fixing column fastens and supports the fixing plate, the rope winding barrel is rotationally installed on the fixing plate, the rope arranging mechanism is rotationally installed on the fixing plate, the forced braking mechanism is rotationally installed on the fixing plate, the centrifugal braking mechanism is rotationally installed on the fixing plate, and the friction mechanism is fixedly installed on the fixing plate. The oil pipe is communicated with hydraulic oil among the forced braking mechanism, the centrifugal braking mechanism and the friction mechanism. According to the high-rise escape descent control device, the centrifugal brake mechanism is used for providing power for the friction mechanism in the early stage and the middle stage of descending, so that escape personnel can descend at a certain speed, and the forced brake mechanism is used for providing power for the friction mechanism in the later stage of descending. The escape personnel can slowly fall to the ground at a gradually-reduced speed, and impact during falling to the ground is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of high-rise escape equipment, in particular to a high-rise escape descender. Background Art

[0002] The utility model relates to the field of high-rise escape equipment. Since traditional fire-fighting equipment such as fire ladders and water tankers are subject to height restrictions and often difficult to achieve rapid escape, when a high-rise fire occurs, a descender provides people with a safe, fast and convenient escape method.

[0003] The working principles of existing descenders mainly include friction braking, electromagnetic damping, fluid damping and intermittent impact types. However, no matter which type of descender, it requires a wire rope. However, the currently designed descenders lack a rope-routing mechanism. During the descent process, the wire rope is easily stuck or jammed due to the chaotic entanglement of the wire rope. In addition, although the currently designed descenders can enable escapees to descend smoothly at a certain speed, the moment the escapees touch the ground, there will still be a certain impact and cause safety hazards. Therefore, in response to the defects of the existing descenders, the utility model designs a rope-routing mechanism and a forced braking mechanism when landing, which can ensure stability during the descent and reduce the impact at the moment of landing. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a high-rise escape descender to solve the problems of low stability and large landing impact in existing equipment.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a high-rise escape slow descent device, comprising:

[0006] Fixed plate, fixedly installed on the wall;

[0007] Fixed column, fastening support fixed plate;

[0008] A main shaft is rotatably mounted on a fixed plate;

[0009] Rope drum, fixedly mounted on the main shaft;

[0010] Rope arrangement mechanism, rotatably mounted on the fixed plate;

[0011] A forced braking mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate;

[0012] A centrifugal brake mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate;

[0013] The friction mechanism is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate and the main shaft;

[0014] The wire rope is wound on the rope drum;

[0015] The oil pipe connects the hydraulic oil between the forced braking mechanism, the centrifugal braking mechanism and the friction mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, the rope-laying mechanism is composed of a gear group, a reciprocating screw, a rope-laying guide shaft, and a guide. The gear group is fixed to the main shaft and the reciprocating screw respectively. The reciprocating screw is rotatably installed on the fixed plate. The rope-laying guide shaft is fixedly installed on the fixed plate. The guide is connected to the reciprocating screw by threads, and the guide is slidably installed on the guide shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the forced braking mechanism is composed of a gear group, a screw, a push block guide shaft, a push block, a pressure rod, a pressure rod fixer, a spring cylinder body, a spring, an elastic block, an oil block, and an oil cylinder. The gear group is fixedly mounted on the main shaft and the screw respectively, the screw is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, the push block guide shaft is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the push block and the screw are connected by threads, and the push block is slidably mounted on the push block guide shaft, the pressure rod is slidably mounted on the pressure rod fixer, the pressure rod fixer is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the spring cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the spring is mounted on the spring cylinder body, the elastic block is slidably mounted on the spring cylinder body, the oil block is slidably mounted on the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the centrifugal braking mechanism is composed of a gear set, a friction shaft, a swinging plate, a swinging ball, a pressure plate, an oil block, and an oil cylinder. The gear set is fixedly mounted on the main shaft and the friction shaft, the friction shaft is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, the swinging plate is fixedly mounted on the friction shaft, the swinging ball is mounted on the swinging plate, the pressure plate is circumferentially fixed and axially slidably mounted on the friction shaft, the oil block is slidably mounted on the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the friction mechanism is composed of a friction plate mounting block, a friction plate, and a friction disc. The friction plate mounting block is slidably mounted on the fixed plate, the friction plate is fixedly mounted on the friction plate mounting block, and the friction disc is fixedly mounted on the main shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, in the rope-arranging mechanism, the gear set is composed of two meshing gears, wherein the large gear is fixed to the main shaft and the small gear is fixed to the reciprocating screw, and the product of the transmission ratio of the gear set and the pitch of the reciprocating screw is equal to the diameter of the wire rope, and the length of the thread on the reciprocating screw is equal to the length of the rope drum.

[0021] Furthermore, the forced braking mechanism comprises a gear set consisting of two meshing gears, wherein the small gear is fixed to the main shaft and the large gear is fixed to the lead screw, and the product of the transmission ratio of the gear set and the lead screw pitch is equal to the total number of turns of the wire rope, the push block is located at the head of the lead screw, and the pressure rod is located at the tail of the lead screw.

[0022] Furthermore, in the centrifugal brake mechanism, the large gear is fixedly mounted on the main shaft, the small gear is fixedly mounted on the friction shaft, the transmission ratio is three, and an inclined groove is provided on the spinner plate.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the high-rise escape descent device provided by the present invention has the following advantages: when in use, the escapee secures the wire rope to themselves and begins to descend. The wire rope drives the rope drum to rotate, which in turn drives the main shaft and the gears on the main shaft to rotate. The gears transmit power to the rope arrangement mechanism, the centrifugal brake mechanism, and the forced brake mechanism. When the rope arrangement mechanism is in operation, the rotation of the rope drum is transmitted to the reciprocating screw through the gear transmission. Because the product of the transmission ratio of the gear set and the pitch of the reciprocating screw is equal to the diameter of the wire rope, after the wire rope descends one turn, the guide moves forward on the reciprocating screw by a distance of one wire rope diameter, allowing the wire rope to descend in an orderly manner. After the wire rope descends one layer, because the thread length on the reciprocating screw is equal to the length of the rope drum, the guide can move backward on the reciprocating screw, thereby arranging the wire rope in a sequential manner. When the centrifugal brake mechanism is working, the rotation speed of the rope drum is amplified through gear transmission and then transmitted to the swing disc, swing ball and pressure plate. Since the swing ball is placed in the inclined groove on the swing disc, it will move outward along the inclined groove due to the action of centrifugal force and contact with the pressure plate to generate thrust. The pressure plate will push the oil block to move in the oil cylinder. At this time, the oil pressure rises, and the pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block in the friction mechanism and further to the friction plate. The friction plate and the friction disc generate friction, which hinders the increase in the rotation speed of the rope drum, and the escaping personnel can safely descend at a certain speed. When the forced braking mechanism is working, the rotation of the rope drum is transmitted to the screw through the gear transmission, and the screw drives the push block to move forward. When the escapee is about to touch the ground, the push block moves to the tail of the screw and starts to contact the pressure rod and force the pressure rod to move in the pressure rod holder. The movement of the pressure rod compresses the spring, and the compression of the spring generates elastic force, which pushes the spring block to move, and the spring block pushes the oil block to move in the oil cylinder. At this time, the oil pressure rises, and the pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block in the friction mechanism and further to the friction plate. The friction plate and the friction disc generate friction, and as the escapee gets closer to the ground, the friction will become greater and greater. Therefore, the descent speed of the escapee when landing will be further reduced to reduce the impact of landing.

[0024] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of a high-rise escape descender provided by an example of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a high-rise escape descender provided by an example of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of the rope arrangement mechanism provided by an example of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the forced braking mechanism provided by an example of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the centrifugal brake mechanism of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the friction mechanism of the utility model example.

[0031] 1. Fixing plate; 2. Fixing column; 3. Main shaft; 4. Rope drum; 5. Gear I; 6. Gear II; 7. Reciprocating screw; 8. Rope guide shaft; 9. Guide; 10. Gear III; 11. Gear IV; 12. Screw; 13. Push block guide shaft; 14. Push block; 15. Pressure rod; 16. Pressure rod holder; 17. Spring cylinder; 18. Spring; 19. Spring block; 20. Oil block I; 21. Oil cylinder I; 22. Gear V; 23. Gear VI; 24. Friction shaft; 25. Throwing plate; 26. Throwing ball; 27. Pressure plate; 28. Oil block II; 29. ​​Oil cylinder II; 30. Friction plate mounting block; 31. Friction plate; 32. Friction plate; 33. Oil pipe; 34. Wire rope; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0033] See also Figures 1 to 6The utility model provides a high-rise escape slow descender. The high-rise escape slow descender includes a fixed plate 1, a fixed column 2, a main shaft 3, a rope drum 4, a gear I 5, a gear II 6, a reciprocating screw 7, a rope guide shaft 8, a guide 9, a gear III 10, a gear IV 11, a screw 12, a push block guide shaft 13, a push block 14, a pressure rod 15, a pressure rod holder 16, a spring cylinder 17, a spring 18, a spring block 19, an oil block I 20, an oil cylinder I 21, a gear V 22, a gear VI 23, a friction shaft 24, a swing plate 25, a swing ball 26, a pressure plate 27, an oil block II 28, an oil cylinder II 29, a friction plate mounting block 30, a friction plate 31, a friction plate 32, an oil pipe 33, a steel wire rope 34, and some common parts. The connection relationship between the various components is that the fixed plate 1 is installed on the wall, the fixed column 2 is fixedly connected to the two fixed plates by bolts and nuts, the main shaft 3 is rotatably installed on the two fixed plates through bearings, the rope drum 4 is fixed to the main shaft 3 through a key connection, the gear I 5 is fixed to the main shaft 3 through a key connection, the gear II 6 is fixed to the reciprocating screw 7 through a key connection, the reciprocating screw 7 is rotatably installed on the two fixed plates through a bearing, the rope guide shaft 8 is installed on the two fixed plates through a pin hole, the guide 9 is installed on the reciprocating screw 7 through a thread, and is installed on the rope guide shaft 8 through a pin hole, the gear III 10 is fixed to the main shaft 3 through a key connection, the gear IV 11 is fixed to the screw 12 through a key connection, the screw 12 is rotatably installed on the two fixed plates through a bearing, the push block guide shaft 13 is installed on the two fixed plates through a pin hole, the push block 14 is installed on the screw 12 through a thread, the pressure rod 15 is installed on the pressure rod fixer 16 through the pin hole, and the pressure rod fixer 16 is installed on the fixed plate through a bolt, and the spring The cylinder 17 is mounted on the fixed plate by bolts, the spring 18 is placed on the spring cylinder 17, the spring block 19 is mounted on the spring cylinder 17 through the pin hole, the oil block I 20 is mounted on the oil cylinder I 21 through the pin hole, the oil cylinder I 21 is mounted on the fixed plate through the bracket, the gear V 22 is fixed to the main shaft 3 by a key connection, the gear VI 23 is fixed to the friction shaft 24 by a key connection, the friction shaft 24 is rotatably mounted on the two fixed plates through the bearing, the swing plate 25 is fixed to the friction shaft 24 by a key connection, and the swing plate 25 is fixed to the friction shaft 24 by a key connection. The ball 26 is placed in the inclined groove of the swing plate 25, the pressure plate 27 is fixed to the friction shaft 24 by a key connection, the oil block II 28 is mounted on the oil cylinder II 29 through the pin hole, the oil cylinder II 29 is mounted on the fixed plate through the bracket, the friction plate mounting block 30 is mounted on the fixed plate through the bracket, the friction plate 31 is glued to the friction plate mounting block, the friction plate 32 is welded to the main shaft, the oil pipe 33 oil pipe joints are respectively installed on the forced braking mechanism, the centrifugal braking mechanism and the friction mechanism, and the wire rope 34 is wound around the rope drum 4.

[0034] Example 1: A high-rise escape descent device

[0035] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2When the height of the floor is 30m, the wire rope diameter of the high-rise escape descender provided by the utility model is 6mm, the diameter of the rope drum is 60mm, the length is 120mm, and there are 20 turns of wire rope per layer. There are 6 layers, and the total number of turns of the rope is 110 turns, which is 32.22 meters. During use, the escapee fixes the wire rope 34 to the body and then begins to descend. The wire rope 34 drives the rope drum 4 and the main shaft 3 to rotate, and the main shaft 3 drives gear I5, gear III10, and gear V22 to rotate. Gear I5 drives gear II6 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 3. The thread length of the reciprocating screw 7 is 120mm and the pitch is 2mm. Therefore, the speed at which the guide 9 moves forward is equal to the speed at which the number of wire rope turns decreases, and the wire rope 34 can be wound and released in an orderly manner; gear III10 drives gear IV11 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 0.5. The length of the screw 12 is 150mm and the pitch is 2mm. The screw 12 drives the push block 14 to move forward. When there are 20 turns left, the push block 14 begins to contact the pressure rod 15, forcing the pressure rod 15 to move forward, and further pushes the oil block I20 to force the oil cylinder I21 to lift. The oil pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block 30 and increase the friction resistance between the friction plate 31 and the friction disc 32. Therefore, at a height of about 5m from the ground, the descent speed of the escapee will be gradually forced to decrease, ensuring the safe landing of the escapee; gear V22 drives gear VI23 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 3. Gear VI23 drives the friction shaft 24 to rotate, and the friction shaft 24 drives the throwing plate 25 and the pressure plate 27 to rotate. The throwing ball 26 is placed in the inclined groove in the throwing plate. During the rotation process, due to the centrifugal force, the throwing ball 26 will move along the inclined groove and squeeze the pressure plate 27. After receiving the pressure of the throwing ball 26, the pressure plate 27 moves axially and squeezes the oil block II28 to increase the oil pressure in the oil cylinder II29. The oil pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block 30 and increase the friction resistance between the friction plate 31 and the friction disc 32, so that the escapee can descend safely at a certain speed.

[0036] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As a further explanation of the rope arrangement mechanism in a high-rise escape descender provided by the utility model, when the escapee uses the descender to escape, the wire rope 34 passes through the ring on the guide 9, and the gear I5 drives the gear II6 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 3. The thread length of the reciprocating screw 7 is 120mm, the pitch is 2mm, the length of the rope drum 4 is 120mm, and the gear II6 drives the reciprocating screw 7 to rotate. The guide 9 is connected to the reciprocating screw 7 through a threaded connection, and the guide 9 is also connected to the rope arrangement guide shaft 8 through a pin hole. Due to the restriction of the rope arrangement guide shaft 8, the guide 9 cannot rotate and can only move axially. Since the product of the gear transmission ratio and the reciprocating screw pitch is equal to the diameter of the wire rope 34, the moving speed of the guide 9 is equal to the release speed of the number of wire rope turns, and the guide 9 can move back and forth on the reciprocating screw 7, so the wire rope 34 can be wound and released in an orderly manner.

[0037] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 As a further explanation of the forced braking mechanism in a high-rise escape descender provided by the present invention, when the escapee uses the descender to escape, gear III 10 drives gear IV 11 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 0.5. The length of the screw 12 is 150mm and the pitch is 2mm. The gear IV 11 drives the screw 12 to rotate, and the push block 14 is connected to the screw 12 through a thread, and the push block 14 is also connected to the push block guide shaft 13 through a pin hole. Due to the restriction of the push block guide shaft 13, the push block 14 cannot rotate on its own and can only move axially along the screw 12. When the number of turns of the wire rope 34 is left at 20, the push block 14 can not rotate on its own and can only move axially along the screw 12. When the spring 18 is in the circle, the push block 14 begins to contact the pressure rod 15, forcing the pressure rod 15 to move forward. The pressure rod 15 gradually compresses the spring 18. After the spring 18 is compressed, the elastic force gradually increases. The spring force squeezes the spring block 19 and transmits the force to the oil block I 20. The oil pressure in the oil cylinder I 21 is forced to increase. The oil pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block 30, increasing the normal pressure between the friction plate 31 and the friction disc 32, so that the friction force between the friction plate 31 and the friction disc 32 increases. Therefore, at a height of about 5m from the ground, the escaping person's descending speed will be gradually forced to decrease, mitigating the impact of the escaping person landing.

[0038] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As a further explanation of the centrifugal braking mechanism in a high-rise escape descender provided by the present invention, when an escaping person uses the descender to escape, gear V22 drives gear VI23 to rotate, and the transmission ratio is 3. Gear VI23 drives the friction shaft 24 to rotate, and the friction shaft 24 drives the throwing plate 25 and the pressure plate 27 to rotate. The throwing ball 26 is placed in the inclined groove in the throwing plate 25. During the rotation process, due to centrifugal force, the throwing ball 26 will move along the inclined groove and squeeze the pressure plate 27. After receiving the pressure of the throwing ball 26, the pressure plate 27 moves axially and squeezes the oil block II28, so that the oil pressure in the oil cylinder II29 increases. The oil pressure will be transmitted to the friction plate mounting block 30, increasing the normal pressure between the friction plate 31 and the friction plate 32, so that the friction force between the friction plate 31 and the friction plate 32 increases, and the escaping person descends safely at a certain speed.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-rise escape descender, characterized in that: include: Fixed plate, fixedly installed on the wall; Fixed column, fastening support fixed plate; A main shaft is rotatably mounted on a fixed plate; Rope drum, fixedly mounted on the main shaft; Rope arrangement mechanism, rotatably mounted on the fixed plate; A forced braking mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate; A centrifugal brake mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate; The friction mechanism is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate and the main shaft; The wire rope is wound on the rope drum; The oil pipe connects the hydraulic oil between the forced braking mechanism, the centrifugal braking mechanism and the friction mechanism.

2. A high-rise escape descender according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rope-laying mechanism consists of a gear group, a reciprocating screw, a rope-laying guide shaft, and a guide. The gear group is fixed to the main shaft and the reciprocating screw respectively. The reciprocating screw is rotatably installed on the fixed plate. The rope-laying guide shaft is fixedly installed on the fixed plate. The guide is connected to the reciprocating screw through threads, and the guide is slidably installed on the guide shaft.

3. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forced braking mechanism consists of a gear group, a screw, a push block guide shaft, a push block, a pressure rod, a pressure rod fixer, a spring cylinder body, a spring, an elastic block, an oil block, and an oil cylinder. The gear group is fixedly mounted on the main shaft and the screw, the screw is rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, the push block guide shaft is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the push block and the screw are connected by threads, and the push block is slidably mounted on the push block guide shaft, the pressure rod is slidably mounted on the pressure rod fixer, the pressure rod fixer is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the spring cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, the spring is mounted on the spring cylinder body, the elastic block is slidably mounted on the spring cylinder body, the oil block is slidably mounted on the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate.

4. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal brake mechanism consists of a gear set, a friction shaft, a throwing disc, a throwing ball, a pressure plate, an oil block, and an oil cylinder. The gear set is fixedly installed on the main shaft and the friction shaft, the friction shaft is rotatably installed on the fixed plate, the throwing disc is fixedly installed on the friction shaft, the throwing ball is installed on the throwing disc, the pressure plate is fixed circumferentially and axially slidably installed on the friction shaft, the oil block is slidably installed on the oil cylinder, and the oil cylinder is fixedly installed on the fixed plate.

5. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction mechanism consists of a friction plate mounting block, a friction plate, and a friction disc. The friction plate mounting block is slidably mounted on the fixed plate, the friction plate is fixedly mounted on the friction plate mounting block, and the friction disc is fixedly mounted on the main shaft.

6. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear set consists of two meshing gears, wherein the large gear is fixed to the main shaft and the small gear is fixed to the reciprocating screw. The product of the transmission ratio of the gear set and the pitch of the reciprocating screw is equal to the diameter of the wire rope, and the length of the thread on the reciprocating screw is equal to the length of the rope drum.

7. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gear set consists of two meshing gears, wherein the small gear is fixed to the main shaft and the large gear is fixed to the screw. The product of the transmission ratio of the gear set and the pitch of the screw is equal to the total number of turns of the wire rope. The push block is located at the head of the screw and the pressure rod is located at the tail of the screw.

8. The high-rise escape descender according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear set is composed of two meshing gears, wherein the large gear is fixedly mounted on the main shaft, and the small gear is fixedly mounted on the friction shaft, the transmission ratio is three, and an inclined groove is opened on the throwing plate.

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